160:
In
September 2018 Noakes pleaded guilty in UK to manufacturing a medicinal product without a manufacturer's licence, selling or supplying medicinal products without market authorisation, and money laundering, and sentenced to 15 months of jail. In April 2021 Noakes pleaded guilty in France to
847:
Toshio Inui, Kaori Makita, Hirona Miura, Akiko
Matsuda, Daisuke Kuchiike, Kentaro Kubo, Martin Mette, Yoshihiro Uto, Takahito Nishikata, Hitoshi Hori And Norihiro Sakamoto (2014). "Case Report: A Breast Cancer Patient Treated With Gcmaf, Sonodynamic Therapy And Hormone Therapy".
123:
was granted. Retraction reasons also included methodological errors in the studies. The integrity of the research, conducted by Nobuto
Yamamoto and colleagues, that originally prompted claims regarding cancer and HIV has been questioned.
46:
Once proclaimed a 'magic protein' capable of curing cancer, GcMAF has been proven ineffective. The case sheds light on how far scammers are willing to go to exploit desperate cancer patients and their families for financial gain.
534:
Yamamoto, Nobuto; Suyama, Hirofumi; Yamamoto, Nobuyuki; Ushijima, Naofumi (15 January 2008). "Immunotherapy of metastatic breast cancer patients with vitamin D-binding protein-derived macrophage activating factor (GcMAF)".
951:
Toshio Inui, Oksana
Kruglova, Olga Martyneko, Kostiantym Martyneko, Vadym Tieroshyn, Anatoli Gavrylov, Kentaro Kubo Borys Kutsyn, Alla Kubashko, Zoryana Veklych, Yurika Terashima, Martin Mette And Galyna Kutsyna (2023).
205:
The 2nd and 3rd generation GcMAF were developed by the
Japanese organizations which hold the patents: in the USA (2014, 2016, 2017), Japan (2015), the EU (2016), Australia (2016), Israel (2018).
906:
Daisuke
Kuchiike, Yoshihiro Uto, Hirotaka Mukai, Noriko Ishiyama, Chiaki Abe, Daichi Tanaka, Tomohito Kawai, Kentaro Kubo, Martin Mette, Toshio Inui, Yoshio Endo And Hitoshi Hori (2013).
877:
Toshio Inui, Daisuke
Kuchiike, Kentaro Kubo, Martin Mette, Yoshihiro Uto, Hitoshi Hori And Norihiro Sakamoto (2013). "Clinical Experience Of Integrative Cancer Immunotherapy With Gcmaf".
954:"Effect Of Degalactosylated Bovine Glycoprotein Formulations Maf And M Сapsules On Lymphopenia And Clinical Outcomes In Hospitalized Covid-19 Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial"
775:
388:
128:
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979:
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294:
1035:
1008:"United States Patent (10) Patent No.: Us 9,409,972 B2 Uto Et Al. (45) Date Of Patent: Pharmaceutical Composition And Method Of Preparing Same *Aug. 9, 2016"
168:
report detailed the activities of Amanda Mary Jewell, who sold GcMAF for years as a(n unlicensed) cure for several medical conditions, including cancer and
803:"Unlicensed medical 'cures' are flourishing in closed Facebook groups, where cancer treatments — and even surgery — are sold beyond the reach of the law"
692:
587:
520:
605:"Retraction Note to: Immunotherapy of metastatic colorectal cancer with vitamin D-binding protein-derived macrophage-activating factor, GcMAF"
243:
214:
288:
Malik, Suneil; Fu, Lei; Juras, David James; Karmali, Mohamed; Wong, Betty Y. L.; Gozdzik, Agnes; Cole, David E. C. (January–February 2013).
193:. Previous research efforts involved the isolation of Gc protein (1f1f subtype) from human serum through an affinity column modified with
779:
1050:"European Patent Specification Pharmaceutical Composition And Manufacturing Method Therefor Wo 2013/038997 (21.03.2013 Gazette 2013/12)"
396:
41:. It has been falsely promoted as a treatment for various medical conditions, but claims of its benefits are not supported by evidence.
116:
1022:"United States Patent Uto Et Al. Usoo9670268b2 Us 9,670,268 B2 *Jun. 6, 2017 Pharmaceutical Composition And Method Of Preparing Same"
994:"United States Patent Uto Et Al. Us008747919b2 Us 8,747,919 B2 Jun. 10, 2014 Pharmaceutical Composition And Method Of Preparing Same"
473:
908:"Degalactosylated/Desialylated Human Serum Containing Gcmaf Induces Macrophage Phagocytic Activity And In Vivo Antitumor Activity"
706:
1063:
1064:"Australian Government Ip Australia 2012309586 Pharmaceutical Composition And Manufacturing Method Therefor 2012-09-07 Granted"
802:
656:
140:
153:
In 2015 the UK Medicines and
Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) closed a factory in Milton, Cambridgeshire owned by
1097:
707:"Tracking retractions as a window into the scientific process Yet another study of widely touted cancer "cure" retracted"
345:
81:
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120:
65:
38:
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manufacturing and selling fake medicinal products and cosmetics by
Internet and sentenced to 4 years of jail.
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119:
by the scientific journals in which they were published in 2014, officially due to irregularities in the way
1087:
732:
973:
931:
886:
857:
264:
115:
Three out of four of the original studies authored by
Yamamoto (published between 2007 and 2009) were
521:"Press Release: Regulator warns against GcMAF made in unlicensed facility in Cambridgeshire - GOV.UK"
423:"Immunotherapy of HIV-infected patients with Gc protein-derived macrophage activating factor (GcMAF)"
112:
Since around 2008, GcMAF has been promoted as a cure for cancer, HIV, autism and other conditions.
1049:
1021:
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GcMAF initially conceptualized by Nobuto Yamamoto in 1991, has been researched as a possible
961:
665:
626:
616:
571:
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457:
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communicated serious concerns about published studies on GcMAF by Yamamoto and colleagues.
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147:
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953:
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289:
143:
enzyme (also known as nagalase), whose production might be increased in many cancers.
1076:
677:
57:
564:
290:"Common variants of the vitamin D binding protein gene and adverse health outcomes"
154:
97:
965:
776:"Cinq Britanniques condamnés pour la vente d'un médicament "miracle" sur internet"
307:
907:
93:
389:"'Cancer cured for good?' – Gc-MAF and the miracle cure (revised 25 July 2014)"
135:
has warned the public about spurious claims of clinical benefits, misleadingly
693:"Paper about widely touted but unapproved "cure" for cancer, autism retracted"
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85:
69:
61:
173:
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450:
368:
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491:"The mysterious death of a doctor who peddled autism 'cures' to thousands"
359:
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27:
Protein produced by artificial modification of vitamin D-binding protein
603:
Yamamoto, N.; Suyama, H.; Nakazato, H.; Yamamoto, N.; Koga, Y. (2014).
523:. Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. 3 February 2015.
157:' company Immuno Biotech that manufactured GcMAF for cancer treatment.
89:
669:
575:
548:
461:
441:
422:
17:
421:
Yamamoto, Nobuto; Ushijima, Naofumi; Koga, Yoshihiko (January 2009).
169:
77:
73:
101:
197:
GcMAF was enzymatically derived from the isolated Gc protein.
96:, and one of their functions is to make macrophages become
1036:"Japan Platform For Patent Information Wo-A1-2013/038997"
185:
Gc protein-derived macrophage-activating factor (GcMAF).
778:(in French). Notretemps. 15 April 2021. Archived from
762:"Cancer 'cure' boss David Noakes jailed for 15 months"
235:
Galactosidases — Advances in Research and Application
382:
380:
378:
129:
Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency
259:
257:
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68:(the Gc protein), which is naturally promoted by
295:Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences
238:. Scholarly Editions. 21 June 2013. p. 52.
416:
414:
44:
35:Gc protein-derived macrophage activating factor
8:
978:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
936:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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862:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
283:
281:
52:Public warning issued by the Anticancer Fund
37:) is a protein produced by modification of
630:
620:
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358:
341:"The many faces of macrophage activation"
315:
265:"GcMAF: a story of exploitation and lies"
828:"Investigation over cancer 'cure' GcMAF"
225:
80:cells). The resulting protein may be a
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855:
515:
513:
215:List of ineffective cancer treatments
7:
489:Miller, Michael E. (16 July 2015).
733:"UK's MHRA shuts down GcMAF plant"
339:Mosser, David M. (February 2003).
201:New Generation of GcMAF from Japan
25:
748:"Man behind GcMAF is facing jail"
746:Mann, Nick (27 September 2018).
609:Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy
60:, GcMAF results from sequential
657:International Journal of Cancer
537:International Journal of Cancer
141:alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase
88:that control the expression of
664:(6): 1509. 15 September 2014.
387:Arney, Kat (3 December 2008).
1:
691:Ivan Oransky (25 July 2014).
267:. Anticancer Fund. 2017-12-08
346:Journal of Leukocyte Biology
308:10.3109/10408363.2012.750262
82:macrophage activating factor
966:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2879067/v1
428:Journal of Medical Virology
1114:
826:Evans, Ruth (2016-10-16).
801:Porter, Tom (2019-10-18).
735:. FDA News. 1 March 2015.
622:10.1007/s00262-014-1616-x
139:on reduced levels of the
66:vitamin D-binding protein
39:vitamin D-binding protein
764:. BBC. 27 November 2018.
180:First Generation GcMAF
49:
1098:Health fraud products
570:(Retracted, see
456:(Retracted, see
195:25-hydroxyvitamin D3.
146:In 2014 the Belgian
912:Anticancer Research
879:Anticancer Research
850:Anticancer Research
360:10.1189/jlb.0602325
84:(MAF). MAFs are
695:. Retractionwatch.
399:on 17 October 2014
393:Cancer Research UK
172:. Jewell is not a
133:Cancer Research UK
92:on the surface of
750:. Guernsey Press.
670:10.1002/ijc.29014
576:10.1002/ijc.29014
549:10.1002/ijc.23107
462:10.1002/jmv.24060
442:10.1002/jmv.21376
245:978-1-4816-8801-7
16:(Redirected from
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654:"Retraction".
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831:. Retrieved
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780:the original
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715:. Retrieved
713:. 2014-10-10
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615:(12): 1349.
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500:. Retrieved
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435:(1): 16–26.
432:
426:
401:. Retrieved
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234:
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183:
163:
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155:David Noakes
152:
145:
126:
114:
111:
108:False claims
56:
50:
45:
34:
30:
29:
403:10 February
302:(1): 1–22.
94:macrophages
86:lymphokines
70:lymphocytes
1077:Categories
833:2019-11-14
812:2019-11-14
271:2018-07-28
221:References
1093:Vitamin D
1083:Cytokines
678:221774191
502:26 August
117:retracted
98:cytotoxic
924:23780974
786:17 April
641:25297451
632:11028656
584:25180398
565:15258428
557:17935130
470:25328930
451:19031451
369:12554797
326:23427793
209:See also
90:antigens
717:28 July
317:3613945
164:A 2019
127:The UK
64:of the
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367:
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170:autism
102:tumors
18:Gc-MAF
674:S2CID
561:S2CID
137:based
31:GcMAF
980:link
938:link
920:PMID
893:link
864:link
788:2021
719:2015
637:PMID
580:PMID
553:PMID
504:2015
466:PMID
447:PMID
405:2015
365:PMID
322:PMID
240:ISBN
131:and
76:and
33:(or
962:doi
666:doi
662:135
627:PMC
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