38:
1061:
301:
236:
by the Old
Pretender. In March 1740, the Old Pretender appointed Keith to be his Commander-in-Chief in Scotland, although the position was purely titular and had no practical role. He retired from the Spanish court in 1741, finding it impotent to help the Jacobite cause and warning the Old Pretender
257:
on 29 May 1759. Further actions by the
British government returned him his right to use his title and regain his estates in Great Britain. Frederick appointed Keith his ambassador to Great Britain in 1759, but despite brief return trips to Scotland in 1761 and 1763–64, he found the climate and his
249:, and refused to meet him in Paris during the Prince's secret visits, only engaging with the Prince's agent Henry Goring. Following the Prince's dismissal of Goring in 1751, Keith broke off all communication with the Prince.
319:
Argent on a Chief Gules three Palets Or; behind the shield two Baton Gules semy of
Thistles ensigned on the top with an Imperial Crown Or placed saltirewise being the insignia of the office of Great Marischal of
252:
He then served
Frederick the Great as his ambassador to Spain from 1759 to 1761, informing the British government of Spanish preparations to enter the war on France's side, which gained him his pardon by
469:
1305:
258:
neighbours unfavourable. At
Frederick's invitation, Keith sold the estates and returned to Prussia for good, becoming a close friend of the Prussian king and dying in
1315:
1310:
1218:
1246:
1141:
414:
870:
1046:
1041:
1036:
930:
198:
1151:
940:
1295:
1253:
855:
1285:
598:
518:
1223:
990:
537:
1000:
554:
282:
187:
179:
138:
125:
61:
780:
527:
483:
362:
37:
1290:
1198:
1020:
1161:
975:
945:
628:
245:
of
Prussia. In August 1751, Frederick appointed Keith as his ambassador to Versailles. Keith had always been distrustful of
1203:
1156:
920:
885:
880:
865:
1146:
980:
701:
206:
1096:
1325:
1320:
1239:
1183:
689:
1126:
721:
645:
271:
254:
238:
220:
He fled to the continent of Europe and went on to serve the
Jacobite court at Avignon and to be its ambassador to
1228:
1213:
1010:
985:
935:
895:
765:
716:
1300:
1131:
890:
830:
591:
263:
217:, and was subsequently attainted for treason by the British government, with his estates falling to the crown.
241:. He became increasingly isolated from the many Jacobite plots of the early 1740s and entered the service of
1208:
965:
910:
845:
800:
785:
755:
225:
155:
1233:
1060:
1005:
820:
706:
675:
1275:
1193:
1188:
1105:
995:
955:
900:
795:
694:
267:
246:
214:
775:
300:
1280:
950:
735:
731:
275:
233:
229:
210:
209:'s death he was deprived of his commission (or resigned). He fought on the Jacobite side during the
1175:
1091:
815:
810:
684:
670:
665:
640:
623:
584:
545:
242:
163:
94:
1110:
1101:
1015:
860:
835:
679:
650:
635:
111:
770:
875:
825:
805:
790:
711:
408:
115:
72:
746:
660:
488:
367:
191:
86:
43:
224:. He led the landing in Scotland of a force of Spanish marines and Jacobite exiles in the
166:, serving as his ambassador to both France and Great Britain. He was the tenth and last
1136:
561:
221:
167:
1269:
618:
403:
202:
183:
159:
90:
500:
386:
429:
492:
371:
655:
607:
356:
151:
1086:
418:. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 715.
259:
107:
407:
470:
George Keith, 10th Earl
Marischal and his groom, possibly Ibrahim
726:
431:
The
Jacobite Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage and Grants of Honour
237:
not to trust the more positive reports from his agent in Paris,
580:
576:
299:
354:
Matthew, H. C. G.; Harrison, B., eds. (23 September 2004).
154:
army officer and diplomat, who led
Jacobite forces in the
472:, National Portrait Gallery. Retrieved 11 November 2022.
326:
On either side a Hart proper attired as in the Crest.
194:, Scotland and inherited his father's title in 1712.
366:(online ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
313:
A Hart's Head erased proper armed with ten Tynes Or.
1174:
1119:
1079:
1070:
1029:
964:
909:
844:
754:
745:
228:, but fled again to Europe following defeat at the
201:from 1708 to 1711, but for considering placing the
131:
121:
101:
78:
67:
57:
23:
355:
232:. On 29 December 1725 he was made a knight of the
458:Prince Charles Edward Stuart: The Young Chevalier
445:Prince Charles Edward Stuart: The Young Chevalier
592:
8:
487:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
16:Scottish Jacobite army officer and diplomat
1076:
751:
599:
585:
577:
507:
292:
36:
20:
690:"James III & VIII", The Old Pretender
281:His portrait is in the collection of the
1306:18th-century Prussian military personnel
460:(Longmans, Green & Co, 1903), p.338.
398:
396:
484:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
447:(Longmans, Green & Co, 1903), p.46.
363:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
346:
434:(T. C. & E. C. Jack, 1904), p.194.
293:
262:in 1778. Keith was a recipient of the
42:George Keith, 10th Earl Marischal, by
1316:People of the Jacobite rising of 1719
1311:People of the Jacobite rising of 1715
150:(1692 or 1693 – 1778) was a Scottish
7:
294:Coat of arms of the Earl Marischal
197:Keith served in Flanders under the
695:"Charles III", The Young Pretender
409:"George, 10th earl marishal"
14:
1097:Habeas Corpus Suspension Act 1715
283:National Portrait Gallery, London
188:James Drummond, 4th Earl of Perth
180:William Keith, 9th Earl Marischal
148:George Keith, 10th Earl Marischal
126:William Keith, 9th Earl Marischal
62:William Keith, 9th Earl Marischal
25:George Keith, 10th Earl Marischal
1142:Heritable Jurisdictions Act 1746
1059:
528:2nd Troop Horse Grenadier Guards
266:. He was a friend and patron of
162:and became a close confidant of
1021:Raids on Lochaber and Shiramore
332:Veritas Vincit (Truth conquers)
1162:Old military roads of Scotland
976:War of the Austrian Succession
946:Capture of Eilean Donan Castle
629:Independent Highland Companies
1:
1157:Traitors Transported Act 1746
921:War of the Quadruple Alliance
47:
1296:British Life Guards officers
712:Sophie, Electress of Hanover
501:UK public library membership
387:UK public library membership
1286:Nobility from Aberdeenshire
1152:Treason Outlawries Act 1748
1342:
646:Wars of the Three Kingdoms
525:Captain and Colonel of the
272:James Francis Edward Keith
190:. He was probably born at
1057:
766:Williamite War in Ireland
614:
559:
551:
544:
534:
523:
515:
510:
274:also served Prussia as a
205:on the British throne on
158:. He later joined in the
35:
30:
1132:Act of Proscription 1746
931:Marquess of Tullibardine
264:Order of the Black Eagle
936:General Joseph Wightman
801:Battle of Killiecrankie
415:Encyclopædia Britannica
226:Jacobite rising of 1719
1291:Ambassadors of Prussia
1006:Battle of Falkirk Muir
821:Declaration of Finglas
707:Act of Settlement 1701
493:10.1093/ref:odnb/15265
372:10.1093/ref:odnb/62762
304:
996:Battle of Prestonpans
956:Battle of Coille Bhan
941:Anglo-French Alliance
901:Battle of Sheriffmuir
866:1715 general election
538:The Earl of Deloraine
303:
268:Jean-Jacques Rousseau
247:Charles Edward Stuart
215:battle of Sheriffmuir
178:Keith was the son of
1184:"James III and VIII"
951:Battle of Glen Shiel
736:Royal Stuart Society
732:Neo-Jacobite Revival
676:William III & II
519:The Earl of Crawford
428:Marquis of Ruvigny,
234:Order of the Thistle
230:Battle of Glen Shiel
211:1715 Jacobite rising
1176:Jacobite succession
816:Battle of the Boyne
811:Massacre of Glencoe
796:General Hugh Mackay
685:Jacobite succession
671:Glorious Revolution
641:Union of the Crowns
546:Peerage of Scotland
295:
243:Frederick the Great
213:, including at the
199:Duke of Marlborough
164:Frederick the Great
1326:Scottish Jacobites
1321:Scottish diplomats
1111:Indemnity Act 1717
1102:Disarming Act 1715
1016:Battle of Culloden
1011:Siege of Inverness
991:Duke of Cumberland
981:Lord George Murray
896:Siege of Inverness
836:Treaty of Limerick
776:King William's War
666:James II & VII
305:
112:Kingdom of Prussia
1263:
1262:
1224:"Robert I and IV"
1170:
1169:
1147:Sheriffs Act 1747
1065:a Jacobite banner
1055:
1054:
1001:Siege of Carlisle
891:Battle of Preston
831:Siege of Limerick
826:Battle of Aughrim
806:Battle of Dunkeld
791:Patrick Sarsfield
575:
574:
535:Succeeded by
511:Military offices
499:(Subscription or
481:"Keith, George".
385:(Subscription or
338:
337:
145:
144:
139:The Earl of Perth
116:Holy Roman Empire
1333:
1194:"Henry IX and I"
1077:
1073:and later events
1063:
786:Sir Ewen Cameron
752:
747:Jacobite risings
661:The Killing Time
601:
594:
587:
578:
552:Preceded by
516:Preceded by
508:
504:
496:
473:
467:
461:
454:
448:
441:
435:
426:
420:
419:
411:
400:
391:
390:
382:
380:
378:
359:
351:
296:
192:Inverugie Castle
97:
87:Inverugie Castle
52:
49:
44:Placido Costanzi
40:
21:
1341:
1340:
1336:
1335:
1334:
1332:
1331:
1330:
1301:Earls Marischal
1266:
1265:
1264:
1259:
1166:
1127:Jurors Act 1745
1115:
1072:
1066:
1064:
1051:
1025:
967:
960:
912:
905:
847:
840:
781:Viscount Dundee
771:Nine Years' War
757:
741:
610:
605:
565:
557:
540:
531:
526:
521:
498:
480:
477:
476:
468:
464:
455:
451:
442:
438:
427:
423:
402:
401:
394:
384:
376:
374:
357:"Mary Drummond"
353:
352:
348:
343:
291:
176:
135:Mary Drummond,
106:
84:
83:
53:
50:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1339:
1337:
1329:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
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1278:
1268:
1267:
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1260:
1258:
1257:
1250:
1243:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1180:
1178:
1172:
1171:
1168:
1167:
1165:
1164:
1159:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1139:
1137:Dress Act 1746
1134:
1129:
1123:
1121:
1120:The Forty-Five
1117:
1116:
1114:
1113:
1108:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1083:
1081:
1074:
1068:
1067:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1050:
1049:
1044:
1039:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1026:
1024:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
972:
970:
966:The Forty-Five
962:
961:
959:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
933:
928:
926:Earl Marischal
923:
917:
915:
907:
906:
904:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
873:
868:
863:
858:
852:
850:
842:
841:
839:
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833:
828:
823:
818:
813:
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798:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
762:
760:
749:
743:
742:
740:
739:
729:
724:
719:
714:
709:
704:
699:
698:
697:
692:
682:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
648:
643:
638:
633:
632:
631:
626:
619:Scottish clans
615:
612:
611:
606:
604:
603:
596:
589:
581:
573:
572:
567:
562:Earl Marischal
558:
553:
549:
548:
542:
541:
536:
533:
522:
517:
513:
512:
506:
505:
475:
474:
462:
449:
436:
421:
406:, ed. (1911).
404:Chisholm, Hugh
392:
345:
344:
342:
339:
336:
335:
334:
333:
330:
327:
324:
321:
317:
314:
311:
306:
290:
287:
270:. His brother
186:, daughter of
175:
172:
168:Earl Marischal
156:rising of 1719
143:
142:
133:
129:
128:
123:
119:
118:
103:
99:
98:
80:
76:
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69:
65:
64:
59:
55:
54:
41:
33:
32:
31:Earl Marischal
28:
27:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1338:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
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1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1271:
1256:
1255:
1251:
1249:
1248:
1244:
1242:
1241:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1189:"Charles III"
1187:
1185:
1182:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1173:
1163:
1160:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1150:
1148:
1145:
1143:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1133:
1130:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1122:
1118:
1112:
1109:
1107:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1092:Clan Act 1715
1090:
1088:
1087:Riot Act 1714
1085:
1084:
1082:
1078:
1075:
1069:
1062:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1034:
1032:
1028:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
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997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
973:
971:
969:
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957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
918:
916:
914:
908:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
886:Baronet Munro
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
853:
851:
849:
843:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
807:
804:
802:
799:
797:
794:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
763:
761:
759:
753:
750:
748:
744:
737:
733:
730:
728:
725:
723:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
696:
693:
691:
688:
687:
686:
683:
681:
677:
674:
672:
669:
667:
664:
662:
659:
657:
654:
652:
649:
647:
644:
642:
639:
637:
636:The Highlands
634:
630:
627:
625:
622:
621:
620:
617:
616:
613:
609:
602:
597:
595:
590:
588:
583:
582:
579:
571:
568:
564:
563:
556:
555:William Keith
550:
547:
543:
539:
530:
529:
520:
514:
509:
502:
494:
490:
486:
485:
479:
478:
471:
466:
463:
459:
456:Andrew Lang,
453:
450:
446:
443:Andrew Lang,
440:
437:
433:
432:
425:
422:
417:
416:
410:
405:
399:
397:
393:
388:
373:
369:
365:
364:
358:
350:
347:
340:
331:
328:
325:
322:
318:
315:
312:
309:
308:
307:
302:
298:
297:
288:
286:
284:
279:
277:
276:field marshal
273:
269:
265:
261:
256:
250:
248:
244:
240:
235:
231:
227:
223:
218:
216:
212:
208:
204:
203:Old Pretender
200:
195:
193:
189:
185:
184:Mary Drummond
181:
173:
171:
169:
165:
161:
160:Prussian Army
157:
153:
149:
141:
140:
134:
130:
127:
124:
120:
117:
113:
109:
104:
100:
96:
92:
91:Aberdeenshire
88:
81:
77:
74:
70:
66:
63:
60:
56:
45:
39:
34:
29:
22:
19:
1276:1690s births
1252:
1245:
1238:
1234:"Francis II"
1199:"Charles IV"
1071:Consequences
925:
911:The Nineteen
856:…in Cornwall
756:First rising
569:
560:
524:
482:
465:
457:
452:
444:
439:
430:
424:
413:
375:. Retrieved
361:
349:
280:
251:
239:Lord Sempill
219:
196:
177:
147:
146:
136:
82:1692 or 1693
18:
1281:1778 deaths
1214:"Francis I"
871:Earl of Mar
861:…in England
846:The Fifteen
656:Covenanters
651:Restoration
58:Predecessor
51: 1733
1270:Categories
1219:"Mary III"
881:Lord Lovat
702:Queen Anne
624:Clan chief
608:Jacobitism
566:1712–1715
532:1713–1715
503:required.)
389:required.)
341:References
323:Supporters
316:Escutcheon
207:Queen Anne
1209:"Mary II"
722:George II
320:Scotland.
255:George II
85:probably
73:attainted
68:Successor
1030:Abortive
717:George I
570:Forfeit
152:Jacobite
137:dau. of
95:Scotland
986:Lochiel
876:Rob Roy
727:Toryism
680:Mary II
377:11 June
260:Potsdam
108:Potsdam
1254:Joseph
1247:Sophie
1229:Albert
1204:Victor
968:(1745)
913:(1719)
848:(1715)
758:(1689)
497:
383:
132:Mother
122:Father
71:None,
1080:Early
329:Motto
310:Crest
222:Spain
1106:1725
1104:and
1047:1759
1042:1744
1037:1708
678:and
379:2023
289:Arms
182:and
174:Life
105:1778
102:Died
79:Born
1240:Max
489:doi
368:doi
1272::
412:.
395:^
360:.
285:.
278:.
170:.
114:,
110:,
93:,
89:,
48:c.
46:,
738:)
734:(
600:e
593:t
586:v
495:.
491::
381:.
370::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
