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467:. There he spent the winter learning about, and reorganizing, the fur trade. On his return journey in 1821, he learned that the two companies had merged. This put an end to a ruinous and sometimes violent competition and converted the HBC monopoly into an informal government for western Canada. He escorted that year's furs to Rock Depot and returned upriver to
422:. Governor William Williams, who had been sent out in 1818, had arrested or captured several North West Company men. The Nor'Westers replied with a Quebec warrant for Williams' arrest. The London governors were unhappy with Williams' clumsy management and both companies were under British pressure to settle their differences. The
515:
1179:
Shortly after the
Princes of Wales's visit, Governor Simpson suffered a massive stroke and died six days later in Lachine. At his death in 1860, he left an estate worth over ÂŁ100,000, which in relation to GDP, amounted to half a billion dollars in 2023 Canadian money. The amount is also very similar
844:
of its recognition of
Hawaiian independence on 19 December, and then proceeded to meet Simpson in Europe and secure formal recognition by Great Britain and France. He was instrumental in arranging conferences between Hawaiian representatives and the British Foreign Office which resulted in a British
1394:
Simpson was appointed
Governor of the Southern Department of Rupert's Land on 29 March 1821 but swapped offices with Governor William Williams of the Northern Department in October 1821. Williams was recalled on 26 February 1826, and Simpson was given authority over both departments. Theoretically,
1340:
Simpson sired at least eleven children by at least seven women, only one of whom was his wife. While in London he produced two daughters by two unknown women. When he left for Canada they were sent to
Scotland to be cared for by his relatives. The eldest, Mary Louisa Simpson, was given a ÂŁ500 dowry
600:
to the Red River settlements, and then by boat to York
Factory. During this trip his servant, Tom Taylor, became separated on a hunting trip. After searching for half a day, Simpson left Taylor to his fate. Taylor reached the Swan River post after 14 days in the wilderness with no proper equipment.
1354:
James Keith
Simpson (1823–1901) is poorly documented. Ann Simpson, born in Montreal in 1828, is known only from her baptismal record. Simpson fathered two sons, George Stewart (1827) and John Mackenzie (1829), with Margaret (Marguerite) Taylor. George married Isabella Yale (1840–1927), daughter of
642:
In May 1833, he suffered a mild stroke. He and his wife returned to
Scotland, where she remained for the next five years and gave birth to a baby girl. In the spring of 1834, he returned to Canada and attended the Southern Council at Moose Factory in May and the Northern Council at York Factory in
471:
for the first meeting of the merged companies. There he learned that he had been made governor of the
Northern—that is, western—Department and Williams had been made his equal in the Southern Department south of Hudson Bay. In December 1821, the HBC monopoly was extended to the Pacific coast.
1799:
1171:
where nearly 3/4 of all the wealth in Canada was held by its inhabitants. During that era, most
Canadian enterprises were either owned or controlled by approximately fifty men. As the most important man in the
857:
on behalf of Queen
Victoria, assured the Hawaiian delegation that: "Her Majesty's Government was willing and had determined to recognize the independence of the Sandwich Islands under their present sovereign."
612:
to inspect his new domain, and back to Montreal. In May 1828, he started his second trip to the Pacific along with his dog, mistress and personal piper, going first to York Factory and then using the
2323:
1755:
241:
2338:
1587:À la découverte de l'ensemble conventuel des Soeurs de Sainte-Anne à Lachine, un lieu de tradition éducative / recherche et rédaction, Marie-Claude Ravary et quatre autres, p. 4-5
1425:À la découverte de l'ensemble conventuel des Soeurs de Sainte-Anne à Lachine, un lieu de tradition éducative / recherche et rédaction, Marie-Claude Ravary et quatre autres, p. 4-5
662:. The Russians recognized the HBC posts and the HBC agreed to supply the Russian posts. He then went to Montreal, Red River, Moose Factory, the Saint Lawrence posts, and down the
840:, while Haʻalilio and Richards departed for the United States, via Mexico, on 8 July. The Hawaiian delegation, while in the United States, secured the assurance of President
921:
1351:
Betsy Sinclair. Betsy Sinclair was soon passed to an accountant whom he promoted. The daughter married an English botanist and died in a canoe accident on her honeymoon.
387:
In 1808, he was sent to London to work in the sugar brokerage business run by his uncle, Geddes Mackenzie Simpson (1775–1848). When his uncle's firm merged with that of
1302:
1301:, and was living during his lifetime. It was one of the passions of his life, collecting writing relating to his hero, covering his walls with Napoleonic prints at
909:
259:
2328:
1919:
361:
2343:
854:
483:. By July 1822, he was back at York Factory for the second meeting of the Northern Council, the first that he chaired. After the meeting he went by water to
2333:
1745:
The Charter and By-laws of the City of Montreal : Together with Miscellaneous Acts of the Legislature Relating to the City : with an Appendix
1052:. In 1855, he was in Washington, D.C., and discussed Oregon affairs, and in 1857, defended the HBC monopoly in London. In May 1860, he went by rail to
2303:
929:
2083:
Raffan, James, "Emperor of the North: Sir George Simpson and the Remarkable Story of the Hudson's Bay Company", 2007, which this article summarizes
2288:
619:
This 5,000-mile (8,000 km) trip remains the longest North American canoe journey ever made in one season. He returned via Athabasca Pass to
802:, went by horse and later carriage to Saint Petersburg and reached London by ship at the end of October. This trip was documented in his book,
373:
2318:
991:
2313:
917:
703:
604:
In 1825, he returned to Britain and learned that William Williams had retired, thereby adding the eastern area to his domain. Returning to
1965:
Emperor Of The North: Sir George Simpson and the Remarkable Story of the Hudson's Bay Company, by James Raffan, Phyllis Bruce Books, 2010
1700:
952:
939:
He began investing in banks, railroads, ships, mines and canals. He became a board director and shareholder of Canada’s first bank, the
866:
396:
1744:
631:, for the annual meeting, York Factory, and Red River. Here his wife gave birth to his first legitimate child, who soon died. In 1832,
2167:
1378:. Simpson shocked his peers by neglecting to notify Margaret of his marriage or make any arrangements for the future of his two sons.
956:
893:
889:
341:
337:
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and Montreal and immediately went south to New York and took ship to Liverpool. After a brief courtship he married his first cousin,
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1943:
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1022:
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After the meeting he returned downstream to take up his duties at York Factory. In December 1821, he set out on snowshoes for
309:. He was noted for his grasp of administrative detail and his physical stamina in traveling through the wilderness. Excepting
979:
964:
905:
381:
320:
Simpson was also the first person known to have "circumnavigated" the world by land, and became the most powerful man of the
428:
in Simpson's title meant that if Williams had been arrested, Simpson would take his place. In 1820, he joined the prominent
1502:
254:
2308:
2283:
2030:
2005:
1722:
1095:
948:
944:
440:
364:, he was raised by two aunts and his paternal grandmother, Isobel Simpson (1731–1821), daughter of George Mackenzie, 2nd
2298:
2162:
Peter C. Newman (2010). Mavericks: Canadian Rebels, Renegades and Antiheroes. HarperCollins Publishers, pp. 45–78;
1059:
711:
538:
377:
53:
1103:
1985:
1974:
718:, a sign of what would soon destroy his fur trade empire. Instead of taking the usual route, he went to what is now
1153:
1145:
1126:
1079:
1064:
1049:
1025:, they founded the Transmundane Telegraph Company, but the venture later failed. In the spring of 1845, he went to
1018:
975:
846:
746:
2348:
2293:
1137:
913:
829:
764:
388:
218:
484:
1173:
1144:. It was then occupied by Rosemount House, which was built on the land of Governor Simpson and was the home of
884:
across from the depot from which the fur brigades started west. He also owned other estates such as a Manor in
833:
659:
589:
321:
291:, an enormous territory of 3.9 millions square kilometres corresponding to nearly forty per cent of modern-day
1608:
1575:
1325:
1314:
983:
768:
460:
392:
280:
127:
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during the period of its greatest power. From 1820 to 1860, he was in practice, if not in law, the British
1212:
1149:
987:
624:
299:
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200:
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A street was named in his honor, called Simpson Street, next to Parc Percy-Walters, McGregor Street, and
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on her marriage and moved to Canada. She has at least 111 descendants. The other daughter died early.
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2273:
2086:
850:
644:
613:
504:
190:
1652:
569:. This 80-day journey was 20 days faster than the previous record. He moved the headquarters of the
2121:
Sir George Simpson: overseas governor of the Hudson's Bay Company, a pen picture of a man of action
1364:
960:
1446:
592:. He had ordered this new road laid out on his outward voyage. It was a major saving over the old
1619:
1395:
both departments remained separate until Simpson was appointed Governor-in-Chief on 13 June 1839.
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1620:
Dictionary of Canadian Biography, Smith, Donald Alexander, 1st Baron Strathcona and Mount Royal
1140:. The park was previously occupied by one of his houses, and was part of his 15 acre estate on
2214:
2193:
2173:
2163:
2149:
2125:
2104:
1598:
Vieux Manoirs, Vieilles Maisons, Commission des Monuments Historiques de la Province de Quebec
1565:
Vieux Manoirs, Vieilles Maisons, Commission des Monuments Historiques de la Province de Quebec
1482:
Vieux Manoirs, Vieilles Maisons, Commission des Monuments Historiques de la Province de Quebec
1356:
1185:
1168:
1099:
570:
122:
115:
17:
1920:
Emperor of the North: Sir George Simpson and the Remarkable Story of the Hudson’s Bay Company
2253:
2183:
2017:
1908:
1458:
An Overland Journey round the World during the years 1841 and 1842, SIR GEORGE SIMPSON, 1847
1208:
1204:
1026:
940:
825:
783:
706:, who left to hunt on the prairie and later published a journal. Travelling on horseback to
651:
632:
581:
480:
476:
357:
288:
71:
1767:
Report of the Secretary of States, Transmitting a Statement of ... the Commercial Relations
2018:"Biography – YALE, JAMES MURRAY – Volume X (1871-1880) – Dictionary of Canadian Biography"
1375:
1334:
1181:
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1030:
1014:
1003:
925:
775:
750:
667:
554:
542:
534:
492:
369:
229:
176:
1056:; decided that his health would not bear the trip to Red River; and returned to Lachine.
459:. Since Williams had not been arrested he was William's subordinate and was sent west to
1875:
1863:
1821:
1733:
1711:
1641:
1553:
1542:
1531:
1516:
1435:
608:, he went to the Red River settlements, Rock Depot for the annual meeting, the posts on
2243:
2207:
1360:
1345:
1121:
1083:
1007:
971:
821:
731:
727:
719:
715:
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from the fur trade, and the two met in New York, but a binding agreement never ensued.
593:
574:
558:
550:
488:
464:
59:
2262:
1193:
1034:
885:
881:
760:
707:
620:
585:
508:
500:
411:
2172:
Lahey, D. T. (2011). George Simpson: Blaze of Glory. Publishers: Dundurn Press Ltd;
1986:
The Life of Lord Strathcona and Mount Royal, G.C.M.G., G.C.V.0, Volume 1, page 62-63
1975:
The Life of Lord Strathcona and Mount Royal, G.C.M.G., G.C.V.0, Volume 1, page 62-63
1631:
The Life of Lord Strathcona and Mount Royal, G.C.M.G., G.C.V.0, Volume 1, page 92-93
1029:, to discuss the Oregon boundary with the Americans, which he had already done with
2239:
1306:
1267:
1263:
1239:
1189:
1115:
1038:
999:
936:, and other leading members of Montreal's society would attend Simpson's banquets.
742:
723:
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597:
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562:
546:
530:
526:
518:
468:
444:
407:
1852:
1663:
1469:
2143:
2119:
1899:
Hall, Michael (2009). The Victorian Country House. London, UK: Aurum Press, p. 26
1833:
Montreal, Fodor's, Patricia Harris, David Lyon Fodor's Travel Publications, 2004
1810:
1348:
1141:
845:
commitment to recognize the independence of the islands. On 17 March 1843, King
799:
496:
456:
429:
1876:"Five Ways to Compute the Relative Value of a UK Pound Amount, 1270 to Present"
1653:
Manitoba History: The Quality of Friendship: Andrew McDermot and George Simpson
1505:, Wayne State University, University Press, Great Lakes Books, Detroit, p. 240.
1472:, Fort Vancouver National Historic Site, National Park Service, August 14, 2020
1457:
1222:. Rupert's Land territory was Canada's largest land acquisition to form modern
836:
on 8 April 1842. Simpson, shortly thereafter, left for England, via Alaska and
1310:
1075:
901:
841:
795:
782:
statesman and general. He sailed to the HBC post in Hawaii (then known as the
779:
695:
687:
452:
448:
353:
158:
2235:
2197:
1934:, The Canadian Encyclopedia, Rupert’s Land in the Age of Enlightenment, 2017
1259:
609:
310:
1954:
1152:. Galt House was also built on Simpson Street by Canadian Founding Father
666:
to New York, where he took ship to England. Simpson received the title of
627:, in February 1830, and returned with his new wife to New York, Montreal,
1298:
1235:
1090:
in his honour. The building, made of a limestone facade in the Classical
741:
would be extended to the Pacific and considering the difficulties of the
699:
605:
580:
He left in March 1825, and crossed the snow-covered Athabasca Pass. From
577:, guessing that the south side of the river might fall to the Americans.
436:
349:
279:– 7 September 1860) was a Scottish explorer and colonial governor of the
154:
1944:
The Life of Lord Strathcona and Mount Royal, G.C.M.G., G.C.V.0, Volume 1
1094:, consisted of a row of nine luxurious houses, and was inhabited by Sir
1255:
1251:
1243:
1231:
1045:
837:
791:
787:
786:) in February 1842, and back to Sitka, where he took a Russian ship to
753:, who had done much to develop the Columbia district. Simpson took the
284:
1184:'s building cost. Simpson also gave money to the general endowment of
1227:
1223:
1218:
897:
636:
305:
292:
1843:
Margaret W. Westley, Remembrance of Grandeur, Libre Expression, 1990
298:
His efficient administration of the west was a precondition for the
1518:
An overland journey round the world: during the years 1841 and 1842
1460:, The Private Collection of William S. Reese: Part Two, Christie's.
1368:
1363:. George was also the brother-in-law of Eliza Yale, wife of Capt.
1120:
1111:
1058:
514:
365:
1374:
Soon after the birth of John Mackenzie, Simpson left Margaret to
674:, giving him the non-hereditary title of Sir on 25 January 1841.
2145:
The little emperor: Governor Simpson of the Hudson's Bay company
1203:, was of the view that Simpson should be counted among Canada’s
317:, few men have spent as much time travelling in the wilderness.
258:
Manoir Simpson, built in 1834 in Lachine, Montreal, next to the
336:
Sir George Simpson's Manor in Coteau-du-lac, later sold to the
170:
2093:
Journal of Occurrences in the Athabasca Department, 1820–1821.
1853:
Fort Vancouver National Historic Site, George Stewart Simpson
1800:
David Culver was a devoted CEO who fought to preserve history
1664:
Fort Vancouver National Historic Site, George Stewart Simpson
2031:
Simpson, George Stewart (Junior) (1827–1894) (fl. 1841-1862)
2006:
Simpson, George Stewart (Junior) (1827–1894) (fl. 1841-1862)
1503:
John Jacob Astor: Business and Finance in the Early Republic
1163:
Both Simpson Street and Prince of Wales Terrace were in the
1679:
1333:, acquired during the 19th century, where he received the
745:, he proposed to move the HBC headquarters to what is now
395:, as Colvile was a company director and brother-in-law of
596:
route. He went 500 miles (800 km) on horseback from
418:
This was at the time of conflict between the HBC and the
84:
29 March 1821 – 7 September 1860
2095:
E. E. Rich, ed. Toronto: Champlain Society Publications.
2043:
Many Tender Ties: Women in Fur-Trade Society, 1670–1870
1270:. In newspapers and books, he has been referred as the
880:
By then, Simpson and his wife had a large house on the
1576:
A Royal Visit: The Prince of Wales in Montreal in 1860
1864:
Dictionary of Canadian Biography, Simpson, Sir George
1822:
Dictionary of Canadian Biography, Simpson, Sir George
1734:
Dictionary of Canadian Biography, Simpson, Sir George
1712:
Dictionary of Canadian Biography, Simpson, Sir George
1642:
Dictionary of Canadian Biography, Simpson, Sir George
1554:
Dictionary of Canadian Biography, Simpson, Sir George
1543:
Dictionary of Canadian Biography, Simpson, Sir George
1532:
Dictionary of Canadian Biography, Simpson, Sir George
1436:
Dictionary of Canadian Biography, Simpson, Sir George
759:
north along the Pacific coast to the Russian post at
584:
he went on horseback 80 miles (130 km) south to
1156:. The entrance of Simpson Street is now occupied by
1037:
established the current border. His wife contracted
970:
His business partners included Canada's richest man
714:'s wagon train of over 100 settlers heading for the
1329:Sir George Simpson's residence on his island named
1313:, and infecting the factors and fur traders of the
694:He left London in March 1841, and went by canoe to
236:
225:
214:
206:
196:
186:
165:
142:
137:
121:
109:
99:
70:
41:
2324:Persons of National Historic Significance (Canada)
2206:
2045:. University of Oklahoma Press, 1983. pp. 186–187.
849:recognized Hawaiian independence at the urging of
702:). On this part of the trip he was accompanied by
435:He went by ship to New York, by boat and cart to
2103:. Prentice Hall Ginn Canada. pp. 148–149.
647:, and arrived back in England in October 1835.
2339:Scottish emigrants to pre-Confederation Quebec
1723:1860, Bank of Montreal, Annual General Meeting
635:approached Gov. Simpson for talks to restrain
1756:Dictionary of Canadian Biography, Young, John
1078:at Lachine, who came for the inauguration of
820:During his visit to Hawaii, he met with King
749:, a suggestion that earned him the enmity of
380:. Simpson's father was a first cousin of Sir
8:
391:in 1812, Simpson came into contact with the
27:Scottish colonial administrator and explorer
1106:. It was later demolished to make room for
1063:Rosemount House, McGregor Street, built by
423:
300:confederation of western and eastern Canada
2242:
1044:In 1854, he was able to travel by rail to
511:and after the thaw, back to York Factory.
52:
38:
900:where he received and entertained Prince
30:For other people with similar names, see
2192:. Vol. 1. Ottawa: Printing Bureau.
1324:
1048:before he boarded his voyageur canoe at
865:
763:, and then another boat as far south as
681:
513:
406:
331:
253:
1408:
1387:
529:for the Pacific, taking the unorthodox
2066:
2054:
1909:Subscriptions to the General Endowment
824:and his advisers. Simpson, along with
561:, reaching its mouth on November 8 at
553:. He crossed the pass on horseback to
374:George Mackenzie, 2nd Earl of Seaforth
1207:for his role as Governor-in-chief of
1125:Galt House, Simpson Street, built by
1118:as an unforgivable act of vandalism.
722:, made the first recorded passage of
7:
2329:19th-century Canadian businesspeople
1789:Prince of Wales Terrace (demolished)
1778:Prince of Wales Terrace (demolished)
918:Royal Regiment of Canadian Artillery
704:James Alexander, 3rd Earl of Caledon
2344:Scottish explorers of North America
1344:In 1817, he produced a daughter by
1074:In August 1860, he entertained the
1067:on the land of Gov. Simpson in the
953:Champlain and St. Lawrence Railroad
804:An overland journey round the world
521:, Hudson's Bay Company trading post
397:Thomas Douglas, 5th Earl of Selkirk
1676:"BMO : Celebrating 205 Years"
1521:. Philadelphia: Lea and Blanchard.
957:St. Lawrence and Atlantic Railroad
908:. The Manor's estate included the
650:In the summer of 1838, he went to
72:Governor-in-Chief of Rupert's Land
25:
2334:Pre-Confederation Manitoba people
1701:The Provincial Statutes of Canada
790:in June. He went on horseback to
2250:Works by or about George Simpson
965:Montreal Ocean Steamship Company
916:and Lt. Col. W. A. Grant of the
912:, and was later sold to Senator
240:
2304:Burials at Mount Royal Cemetery
1811:Imtl.org, Rue Simpson, Montreal
1447:Canada's history, Rupert's Land
1297:Simpson also had a passion for
1110:'s pavilion, which was seen by
873:, built by Gov. Simpson in the
2118:Arthur Silver Morton (2008) .
2087:Hudson's Bay Company Biography
1129:on the land of Simpson in the
906:House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
767:, stopping at the HBC post of
18:George Simpson (administrator)
1:
2213:. Metuchen: Scarecrow Press.
1609:RCAA-Annual-Report-1949, p. 7
1096:William Christopher Macdonald
949:Montreal and Lachine Railroad
945:Bank of British North America
798:by horse-drawn boat, visited
726:in August, and went down the
643:June, inspected posts on the
273:
147:
1138:Maison John-Wilson-McConnell
414:, Montreal, mid 19th century
378:Duncan Forbes, Lord Culloden
376:—and Elizabeth, daughter of
2314:People from Lachine, Quebec
2289:Hudson's Bay Company people
2205:Taplin, G. W., ed. (1970).
2101:Horizons: Canada Moves West
1501:Haeger, John Denis (1991).
1371:Julianus Petrus de Linnée.
832:were commissioned as joint
2365:
1154:Sir Alexander Tilloch Galt
1146:Sir John Rose, 1st Baronet
1127:Sir Alexander Tilloch Galt
1082:, in honour of his mother
1041:in 1846 and died in 1853.
847:Louis Philippe I of France
813:
747:Victoria, British Columbia
315:their Siberian equivalents
302:, which later created the
29:
2319:People from Rupert's Land
1930:McIntosh, Andrew (2006),
914:Lawrence Alexander Wilson
851:King Leopold I of Belgium
834:Ministers Plenipotentiary
710:, Simpson caught up with
389:Andrew Colvile-Wedderburn
248:
133:
77:
66:
58:Simpson in a portrait by
51:
2124:. Kessinger Publishing.
2099:Cranny, Michael (1999).
2091:Simpson, George. (1938)
1515:Simpson, George (1847).
1199:James Raffan, author of
1174:North American fur trade
1158:Sir George Simpson Tower
896:, and another estate in
724:the pass named after him
660:Russian-American Company
654:to negotiate with Baron
590:North Saskatchewan River
537:route, and ascended the
525:In August 1824, he left
499:. He then went south to
487:and then by dog sled to
322:North American fur trade
2236:Works by George Simpson
2189:The Canadian North-West
2148:. Macmillan of Canada.
1226:, and included land in
1088:Prince of Wales Terrace
1019:Sir Antoine-Aimé Dorion
980:Sir Alexander Mackenzie
871:Prince of Wales Terrace
262:, later became part of
1470:George Stewart Simpson
1337:
1176:, he was one of them.
1150:William Watson Ogilvie
1133:
1071:
877:
691:
625:Frances Ramsay Simpson
522:
424:
415:
345:
266:
201:Frances Ramsay Simpson
1328:
1280:Emperor of the Plains
1272:King of the Fur-trade
1248:Northwest Territories
1167:, a neighbourhood of
1124:
1062:
1054:Saint Paul, Minnesota
869:
774:At some point he met
685:
656:Ferdinand von Wrangel
629:Michipicoten, Ontario
517:
451:. He met Williams at
410:
335:
324:during his lifetime.
257:
2309:People from Dingwall
2284:Canadian fur traders
1315:Hudson's Bay Company
1276:Emperor of the North
1215:in 1867 to form the
1201:Emperor of the North
1188:in 1856, along with
943:, as well as of the
888:that he sold to the
739:49th parallel border
690:- Winnipeg, Manitoba
549:at the east side of
393:Hudson's Bay Company
362:Writer to the Signet
281:Hudson's Bay Company
191:Mount Royal Cemetery
128:Hudson's Bay Company
2299:Lower Canada people
2209:Canadian Chronology
2057:, pp. 283–287.
1996:Raffan 2007, p.432.
1682:on 17 February 2023
1492:Raffan 2007, p.243.
1365:Henry Newsham Peers
961:Grand Trunk Railway
565:, previously named
485:Lac ĂŽle-Ă -la-Crosse
382:Alexander Mackenzie
360:of George Simpson,
356:, Scotland, as the
264:Collège Sainte-Anne
2041:Van Kirk, Sylvia.
1880:MeasuringWorth.com
1415:Raffan 2007, p.26.
1338:
1288:Birch-bark Emperor
1284:Emperor of Lachine
1165:Golden Square Mile
1134:
1131:Golden Square Mile
1072:
1069:Golden Square Mile
934:Sir Francis Hincks
878:
875:Golden Square Mile
853:, and on 1 April,
816:Maritime fur trade
737:Guessing that the
692:
557:and then down the
523:
441:by the usual route
420:North West Company
416:
384:'s father-in-law.
346:
270:Sir George Simpson
267:
181:Province of Canada
2140:John S. Galbraith
1357:James Murray Yale
1186:McGill University
1169:Downtown Montreal
1100:Mcgill University
894:Adélaïde de Gaspé
826:Timoteo Haʻalilio
698:(now the site of
571:Columbia District
287:for the whole of
252:
251:
116:William MacTavish
16:(Redirected from
2356:
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2294:Knights Bachelor
2254:Internet Archive
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1211:, and its later
1205:founding fathers
1196:, among others.
1104:William Peterson
1086:. Simpson built
1050:Sault Ste. Marie
1027:Washington, D.C.
988:Luther H. Holton
941:Bank of Montreal
890:Comte de Beaujeu
830:William Richards
784:Sandwich Islands
678:Circumnavigation
652:Saint Petersburg
633:John Jacob Astor
582:Fort Assiniboine
543:Athabasca Rivers
481:Red River Colony
477:Cumberland House
427:
358:illegitimate son
338:Comte de Beaujeu
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171:7 September 1860
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138:Personal details
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1323:
1182:Harlaxton Manor
1108:Samuel Bronfman
1080:Victoria Bridge
1076:Prince of Wales
1033:. In 1846, the
1031:Sir Robert Peel
992:George Crawford
926:Knebworth House
910:Fur Trade Depot
864:
818:
812:
776:Mariano Vallejo
751:John McLoughlin
680:
668:Knight Bachelor
555:Boat Encampment
539:Churchill River
535:Burntwood River
493:Fort Resolution
461:Fort Wedderburn
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230:Knight Bachelor
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2231:
2230:External links
2228:
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2202:
2186:, ed. (1914).
2180:
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2168:9781-554684205
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1367:, grandson of
1322:
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1292:Little Emperor
1084:Queen Victoria
1013:With Governor
1008:William Molson
1002:, and bankers
984:David Torrance
972:Sir Hugh Allan
863:
860:
822:Kamehameha III
811:
808:
732:Fort Vancouver
728:Kootenay River
720:Banff, Alberta
716:Oregon country
712:James Sinclair
679:
676:
672:Queen Victoria
645:Saint Lawrence
594:Methye Portage
575:Fort Vancouver
559:Columbia River
551:Athabasca Pass
489:Fort Chipewyan
465:Lake Athabaska
404:
401:
329:
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173:(aged 68)
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2184:Oliver, E. H.
2181:
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1209:Rupert's Land
1206:
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1194:Peter Redpath
1191:
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1102:'s Principal
1101:
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1065:Sir John Rose
1061:
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1035:Oregon Treaty
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883:
882:Lachine Canal
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855:Lord Aberdeen
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765:Santa Barbara
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709:
708:Fort Edmonton
705:
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621:Moose Factory
617:
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587:
586:Fort Edmonton
583:
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572:
568:
564:
560:
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536:
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528:
520:
516:
512:
510:
509:Fort Edmonton
506:
502:
501:Fort Dunvegan
498:
494:
490:
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482:
479:and then the
478:
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470:
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426:
421:
413:
412:Lachine Canal
409:
402:
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375:
372:—grandson of
371:
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318:
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296:
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289:Rupert's Land
286:
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235:
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187:Resting place
185:
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81:
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50:
40:
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33:
19:
2269:1790s births
2240:Open Library
2208:
2188:
2144:
2120:
2100:
2092:
2062:
2050:
2042:
2037:
2026:
2012:
2001:
1992:
1981:
1970:
1961:
1950:
1939:
1926:
1915:
1904:
1895:
1883:. Retrieved
1879:
1870:
1859:
1848:
1839:
1828:
1817:
1806:
1795:
1784:
1773:
1762:
1751:
1740:
1729:
1718:
1707:
1696:
1684:. Retrieved
1680:the original
1670:
1659:
1648:
1637:
1626:
1615:
1604:
1593:
1582:
1571:
1560:
1549:
1538:
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1477:
1465:
1453:
1442:
1431:
1420:
1411:
1390:
1373:
1353:
1343:
1339:
1331:L'ĂŽle-Dorval
1307:Norway House
1296:
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1268:South Dakota
1240:Saskatchewan
1217:Dominion of
1216:
1200:
1198:
1190:Peter McGill
1178:
1162:
1148:, and later
1135:
1116:David Culver
1073:
1043:
1039:tuberculosis
1012:
1000:John Redpath
982:, President
969:
938:
922:Donald Smith
879:
819:
803:
773:
755:
743:Columbia Bar
736:
693:
649:
641:
618:
603:
598:Fort Carlton
579:
567:Fort Astoria
547:Jasper House
527:York Factory
524:
519:York Factory
474:
469:Norway House
445:York Factory
434:
425:locum tenens
417:
386:
347:
319:
304:Dominion of
303:
297:
269:
268:
111:Succeeded by
79:
36:
2279:Yale family
2274:1860 deaths
2067:Taplin 1970
2055:Oliver 1914
1885:17 February
1686:22 February
1361:Yale family
1355:fur trader
1349:washerwoman
1317:with them.
1142:Mount Royal
1092:Greek style
1004:John Molson
996:Thomas Ryan
986:, minister
800:Lake Baikal
769:Yerba Buena
614:Peace River
563:Fort George
505:Peace River
457:Hayes River
430:Beaver Club
277: 1792
151: 1792
101:Preceded by
2263:Categories
1403:References
1311:Fort Garry
1290:, and the
1023:John Young
994:, Senator
990:, Senator
963:, and the
932:of Canada
930:Co-Premier
902:Edward VII
862:Later life
842:John Tyler
814:See also:
796:Lena River
780:Californio
696:Fort Garry
688:Fort Garry
497:Tıdeè Lake
453:Rock Depot
449:Hudson Bay
354:Ross-Shire
328:Early life
161:, Scotland
159:Ross-shire
92:1860-09-07
88:1821-03-29
2198:212627069
1359:, of the
1346:half-Cree
1260:Minnesota
998:, banker
904:, of the
794:, up the
610:James Bay
507:and then
439:and left
340:and Mrs.
311:voyageurs
237:Signature
215:Relatives
80:In office
2142:(1976).
1321:Children
1299:Napoleon
1236:Manitoba
1015:Drummond
700:Winnipeg
606:Montreal
437:Montreal
370:Gruinard
350:Dingwall
348:Born at
342:De Gaspé
221:(nephew)
207:Children
155:Dingwall
90: –
2252:at the
2077:Sources
1256:Montana
1252:Nunavut
1244:Alberta
1232:Ontario
1046:Chicago
920:. Lord
838:Siberia
792:Yakutsk
788:Okhotsk
658:of the
616:route.
588:on the
503:on the
495:on the
455:on the
285:viceroy
177:Lachine
123:Charter
86: (
2217:
2196:
2176:
2166:
2152:
2128:
2107:
1286:, the
1282:, the
1278:, the
1274:, the
1262:, and
1246:, the
1228:Quebec
1224:Canada
1219:Canada
1213:merger
1021:, and
959:, the
955:, the
951:, the
947:, the
898:Dorval
810:Hawaii
756:Beaver
664:Hudson
637:liquor
531:Nelson
403:Career
306:Canada
293:Canada
232:(1841)
226:Awards
197:Spouse
1382:Notes
1369:Count
1264:North
1112:Alcan
761:Sitka
670:from
366:Laird
2215:ISBN
2194:OCLC
2174:ISBN
2164:ISBN
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