1288:. One of the dangers of this practice is the possibility of domesticated salmon breaking free from their containment. The occurrence of escaping incidents is becoming increasingly common as aquaculture gains popularity. Farming structures may be ineffective at holding the vast number of fast growing animals they house. Natural disasters, high tides, and other environmental occurrences can also trigger aquatic animal escapes. The reason these escapes are considered dangers is the impact they pose for the wild population they reproduce with after escaping. In many instances the wild population experiences a decreased likelihood of survival after reproducing with domesticated populations of salmon.
1417:(GURTs) were developed for the purpose of property protection, but could be beneficial in preventing the dispersal of transgenes. GeneSafe technologies introduced a method that became known as "Terminator." This method is based on seeds that produce sterile plants. This would prevent movement of transgenes into wild populations as hybridization would not be possible. However, this technology has never been deployed as it disproportionately negatively affects farmers in developing countries, who save seeds to use each year (whereas in developed countries, farmers generally buy seeds from seed production companies).
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invasive species. One such example is the introduction of the Asian
Longhorned beetle in North America, which was first detected in 1996 in Brooklyn, New York. It is believed that these beetles were introduced through cargo at trade ports. The beetles are highly damaging to the environment, and are estimated to cause risk to 35% of urban trees, excluding natural forests. These beetles cause severe damage to the wood of trees by larval funneling. Their presence in the ecosystem destabilizes community structure, having a negative influence on many species in the system.
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relatives impacts the evolution of wild populations. Farmers can avoid reproduction between the different populations by timing their planting of crops so that crops are not flowering when wild relatives would be. Domesticated crops have been changed through artificial selection and genetic engineering. The genetic make-ups of many crops is different from those of their wild relatives, but the closer they grow to one another the more likely they are to share genes through pollen. Gene flow persists between crops and wild counterparts.
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overall population to disappear completely. The genes of each population of the ibex in Turkey and Sinai were locally adapted to their environments so when placed in a new environmental context did not flourish. Additionally, the environmental toll that may arise from the introduction of a new species may be so disruptive that the ecosystem is no longer able to sustain certain populations.
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fairly common. As a result, 'genetic pollution of the wolf gene pool might reach irreversible levels', he warned. 'By hybridization, dogs can easily absorb the wolf genes and destroy the wolf, as it is,' he said. The wolf might survive as a more doglike animal, better adapted to living close to people, he said, but it would not be 'what we today call a wolf.'"
1481:, producer of the genetically modified bentgrass, agreed to pay a civil penalty of $ 500,000 to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). The USDA alleged that Scotts "failed to conduct a 2003 Oregon field trial in a manner which ensured that neither glyphosate-tolerant creeping bentgrass nor its offspring would persist in the environment".
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the risk of gene flow between genetically engineered organisms and wild populations is yet another concern. Many farmed crops may be weed resistant and reproduce with wild relatives. More research is necessary to understand how much gene flow between genetically engineered crops and wild populations occurs, and the impacts of genetic mixing.
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suggesting introduced honeysuckle plants and birds formed a mutually beneficial relationship. Presence of introduced honeysuckle was associated with higher diversity of the bird populations in that area, demonstrating that introduced species are not always detrimental to a given environment and it is completely context dependent.
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Physical containment has also been utilized to prevent the escape of transgenes. Physical containment includes barriers such as filters in labs, screens in greenhouses, and isolation distances in the field. Isolation distances have not always been successful, such as transgene escape from an isolated
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Concerns about negative consequences from gene flow between genetically engineered organisms and wild populations are valid. Most corn and soybean crops grown in the midwestern USA are genetically modified. There are corn and soybean varieties that are resistant to herbicides like glyphosate and corn
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populations of organisms can lead to reproductive interactions that are detrimental to the wild population's ability to survive. A wild population is one that lives in natural areas and is not regularly looked after by humans. This contrasts with domesticated populations that live in human controlled
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Invasive species can invade both large and small native populations and have a profound effect. Upon invasion, invasive species interbreed with native species to form sterile or more evolutionarily fit hybrids that can outcompete the native populations. Invasive species can cause extinctions of small
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The use of the word "pollution" in the term genetic pollution has a deliberate negative connotation and is meant to convey the idea that mixing genetic information is bad for the environment. However, because the mixing of genetic information can lead to a variety of outcomes, "pollution" may not be
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Not all genetically engineered organisms cause genetic pollution. Genetic engineering has a variety of uses and is specifically defined as a direct manipulation of the genome of an organism. Genetic pollution can occur in response to the introduction of a species that is not native to a particular
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Mutations within organisms can be executed through the process of exposing the organism to chemicals or radiation in order to generate mutations. This has been done in plants in order to create mutants that have a desired trait. These mutants can then be bred with other mutants or individuals that
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cites that "commonly expressed concerns surrounding escaped
Atlantic salmon include competition with native salmon, predation, disease transfer, hybridization, and colonization." A report done by that organization in 1999 did not find that escaped salmon posed a significant risk to wild populations.
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cites, from the words of biologist Luigi
Boitani, "Although wolves and dogs have always lived in close contact in Italy and have presumably mated in the past, the newly worrisome element, in Dr. Boitani's opinion, is the increasing disparity in numbers, which suggests that interbreeding will become
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from domesticated populations are added to wild populations as a result of reproduction. In many crop populations this can be the result of pollen traveling from farmed crops to neighboring wild plants of the same species. For farmed animals, this reproduction may happen as the result of escaped or
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A 2009 study verified the original findings of the controversial 2001 study, by finding transgenes in about 1% of 2000 samples of wild maize in Oaxaca, Mexico, despite Nature retracting the 2001 study and a second study failing to back up the findings of the initial study. The study found that the
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pesticide within all of its tissues. These genetic modifications are meant to increase yields of crops but there is little evidence that yields actually increase. While scientists are concerned genetically engineered organisms can have negative effects on surrounding plant and animal communities,
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Another suggested method that applies specifically to protection traits (e.g. pathogen resistance) is mitigation. Mitigation involves linking the positive trait (beneficial to fitness) to a trait that is negative (harmful to fitness) to wild but not domesticated individuals. In this case, if the
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An introduced species is one that is not native to a given population that is either intentionally or accidentally brought into a given ecosystem. Effects of introduction are highly variable, but if an introduced species has a major negative impact on its new environment, it can be considered an
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Not only are there risks in terms of genetic engineering, but there are risks that emerge from species hybridization. In
Czechoslovakia, ibex were introduced from Turkey and Sinai to help promote the ibex population there, which caused hybrids that produced offspring too early, which caused the
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of maize in Oaxaca, Mexico. The report from Quist and
Chapela, has since been discredited on methodological grounds. The scientific journal that originally published the study concluded that "the evidence available is not sufficient to justify the publication of the original paper." More recent
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environment, and genetically engineered organisms are examples of individuals that could cause genetic pollution following introduction. Due to these risks, studies have been done in order to assess the risks of genetic pollution associated with organisms that have been genetically engineered:
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Introduced species are not always disruptive to an environment, however. Tomás Carlo and Jason
Gleditch of Penn State University found that the number of "invasive" honeysuckle plants in the area correlated with the number and diversity of the birds in the Happy Valley Region of Pennsylvania,
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refer to groups of plants grown for consumption. Despite domestication over many years, these plants are not so far removed from their wild relatives that they couldn't reproduce if brought together. Many crops are still grown in the areas they originated and gene flow between crops and wild
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is used to describe gene flows between genetically engineered species and wild relatives. The use of the word "pollution" is meant to convey the idea that mixing genetic information is bad for the environment, but because the mixing of genetic information can lead to a variety of outcomes,
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Genetic In a 10-year study of four different crops, none of the genetically engineered plants were found to be more invasive or more persistent than their conventional counterparts. An often cited claimed example of genetic pollution is the reputed discovery of transgenes from GE maize in
1980:
Haack, Robert A., et al. Managing
Invasive Populations of Asian Longhorned Beetle and Citrus Longhorned Beetle: A Worldwide Perspective. vol. 55, Annual Review of Entomology, 2010, Managing Invasive Populations of Asian Longhorned Beetle and Citrus Longhorned Beetle: A Worldwide
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Although wolves and dogs have always lived in close contact in Italy and have presumably mated in the past, the newly worrisome element, in Dr. Boitani's opinion, is the increasing disparity in numbers, which suggests that interbreeding will become fairly common. As a result,
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populations on islands that are particularly vulnerable due to their smaller amounts of genetic diversity. In these populations, local adaptations can be disrupted by the introduction of new genes that may not be as suitable for the small island environments. For example, the
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The introduction of genetic material into the gene pool of a population by human intervention can have both positive and negative effects on populations. When genetic material is intentionally introduced to increase the fitness of a population, this is called
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are not mutated in order to maintain the mutant trait. However, similar to the risks associated with introducing individuals to a certain environment, the variation created by mutated individuals could have a negative impact on native populations as well.
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into wild populations. It is defined as "the dispersal of contaminated altered genes from genetically engineered organisms to natural organisms, esp. by cross-pollination", but has come to be used in some broader ways. It is related to the
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protection trait was introduced to a weed, the negative trait would also be introduced in order to decrease overall fitness of the weed and decrease possibility of the individual’s reproduction and thus propagation of the transgene.
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of genes, Rifkin, who had played a leading role in the ethical debate for over a decade before, used genetic pollution to describe what he considered to be problems that might occur due to the unintentional process of (modernly)
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organism to a non GE organism, by those who consider such gene flow detrimental. These environmentalist groups stand in complete opposition to the development and production of genetically engineered organisms.
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throughout the world in the past few hundred years. Some of them prey on native wildlife, compete with it for resources, or spread disease, while others may hybridize with native species, causing "
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transgenes are common in some fields, but non-existent in others, hence explaining why a previous study failed to find them. Furthermore, not every laboratory method managed to find the transgenes.
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Christou P (2002). "No
Credible Scientific Evidence is Presented to Support Claims that Transgenic DNA was Introgressed into Traditional Maize Landraces in Oaxaca, Mexico".
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Genetically engineered organisms are genetically modified in a laboratory, and therefore distinct from those that were bred through artificial selection. In the fields of
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Conservation biologists and conservationists have, for a number of years, used the term to describe gene flow from domestic, feral, and non-native species into wild
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of the
Catalina Island off the coast of California has faced near extinction with only a single population remaining due to the hybridization of its offspring with
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in wild plants and animals so that it is not a threat to conservationist goals. They promote awareness of the effects of introduced invasive species that may "
1573:"Uncontrolled spread of genetic information (frequently referring to transgenes) into the genomes of organisms in which such genes are not present in nature."
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2552:"Planting of neonicotinoid-treated maize poses risks for honey bees and other non-target organisms over a wide area without consistent crop yield benefit"
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is the practice of farming aquatic animals or plants for the purpose of consumption. This practice is becoming increasingly common for the production of
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Ellstrand, Norman C.; Prentice, Honor C.; Hancock, James F. (1999). "Gene Flow and
Introgression from Domesticated Plants into Their Wild Relatives".
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1606:...imply either that hybrids are less fit than the parentals, which need not be the case, or that there is an inherent value in "pure" gene pools.
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Glossary of Biotechnology for Food and Agriculture - A Revised and Augmented Edition of the Glossary of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering
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Occasionally non-native species can reproduce with native species and produce hybrids, which will alter the genetic pool (a process called
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1534:". In these ways, invasive species are as big a threat to the balance of nature as the direct overexploitation by humans of some species.
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attempts to replicate the original studies have concluded that genetically modified corn is absent from southern Mexico in 2003 and 2004.
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International that records all incidents of intentional or accidental release of organisms genetically modified using modern techniques.
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2177:"Escapes: Net-pens are poor containment structures and escaped farmed salmon can compete with wild salmon for food and spawning habitat"
1618:"Mixing" need not be value-laden, and we use it here to denote mixing of gene pools whether or not associated with a decline in fitness.
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Conservation biologists and conservationists have used the term to describe gene flow from domestic, feral, and non-native species into
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2327:"Atlantic Salmon in Washington State: A Fish Management Perspective - WDFW Publications | Washington Department of Fish & Wildlife"
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3086:"Evidence for landscape-level, pollen-mediated gene flow from genetically modified creeping bentgrass with CP4 EPSPS as a marker"
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he said. The wolf might survive as a more doglike animal, better adapted to living close to people, he said, but it would not be
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Crawley MJ, Brown SL, Hails RS, Kohn D, Rees M (8 February 2001). "Biotechnology: Transgenic crops in natural habitats".
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2037:, a statutory adviser to Government on UK and international nature conservation. Accessed on November 25, 2007. : "
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Quist D, Chapela IH (November 2001). "Transgenic DNA introgressed into traditional maize landraces in Oaxaca, Mexico".
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Gressel, Jonathan (2014-08-15). "Dealing with transgene flow of crop protection traits from crops to their relatives".
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Watrud LS, Lee EH, Fairbrother A, Burdick C, Reichman JR, Bollman M, Storm M, King G, Van de Water PK (October 2004).
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Background document to Conference 7: May 31 - July 6, 2002; Electronic Forum on Biotechnology in Food and Agriculture
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in this later sense appears in a wide-ranging review of the potential ecological effects of genetic engineering in
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Levin DA, Francisco-Ortega J, Jansen RK (1996-02-01). "Hybridization and the Extinction of Rare Plant Species".
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A 2004 study performed near an Oregon field trial for a genetically modified variety of creeping bentgrass (
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2302:"Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) - Aquatic Invasive Species | Washington Department of Fish & Wildlife"
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is being used to describe gene flows between GE species and wild relatives. An early use of the term "
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an interview hosted by The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
1367:(GMOs) dispersing their genes into the natural environment by breeding with wild plants or animals.
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2102:"More than 160,000 non-native Atlantic salmon escaped into Washington waters in fish farm accident"
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3263:"Reduced fitness of Atlantic salmon released in the wild after one generation of captive breeding"
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3324:. A FAO Research and Technology Paper. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
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Potts BM, Barbour RC, Hingston AB, Vaillancourt RE (2003). "Corrigendum to: TURNER REVIEW No. 6
1598:, are being debated by scientists as many do not find it scientifically appropriate. Rhymer and
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3009:"Absence of detectable transgenes in local landraces of maize in Oaxaca, Mexico (2003-2004)"
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A popular example of this phenomenon is the gene flow between wolves and domesticated dogs.
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2416:"Gene flow from GM to non-GM populations in the crop, forestry, animal and fishery sectors"
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have used genetic pollution for a number of years as a term to describe gene flow from a
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2227:"Spill of farmed Atlantic salmon near San Juan Islands much bigger than first estimates"
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By hybridization, dogs can easily absorb the wolf genes and destroy the wolf, as it is,
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2950:"Biodiversity (Communications arising): suspect evidence of transgenic contamination"
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2014:
TRAFFIC.org, the wildlife trade monitoring network, a joint programme of WWF and IUCN
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2153:"Thousands of salmon escape from fish farm, and no one knows what will happen next"
1634:
1327:
1096:
860:
822:
807:
638:
603:
548:
267:
127:
4702:
3335:
3007:
Ortiz-GarcĂa S, Ezcurra E, Schoel B, Acevedo F, SoberĂłn J, Snow AA (August 2005).
2277:
1221:, has stated that invasive species "will alter the genetic pool (a process called
6944:
6626:
6487:
6482:
6319:
6304:
6180:
6155:
5784:
5704:
5611:
5596:
5245:
5200:
5069:
5042:
4338:
4001:
3676:
3661:
3444:
1565:
From a governmental perspective, genetic pollution is defined as follows by the
1323:
1277:
1092:
782:
480:
460:
97:
3090:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
3013:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
2128:"'Environmental Nightmare' After Thousands Of Atlantic Salmon Escape Fish Farm"
6894:
6709:
6679:
6664:
6452:
6440:
6200:
6062:
5688:
5310:
4379:
4042:
3375:
2918:
2501:
1544:
in the wild populations. The term can be associated with the gene flow from a
1527:
1509:
1408:
832:
588:
92:
17:
2789:
2743:
2585:
2525:
2390:
2086:
1871:
1477:
species, up to 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) from the test field. In 2007, the
1170:), introduce other unwanted phenotypes, or theoretically lead to extinction.
6636:
6425:
6354:
6299:
6294:
6160:
6001:
5907:
5650:
5521:
5433:
5079:
4691:
4658:
4533:
4192:
4185:
4124:
4119:
4078:
4060:
3681:
3110:
3033:
2576:
2551:
2017:
1654:
1649:
1639:
1404:
1117:
1057:
900:
855:
817:
767:
702:
608:
72:
52:
42:
3304:
3129:
3052:
2981:
2926:
2883:
2832:
2797:
2751:
2533:
1879:
1790:
1471:) could be transmitted by wind pollination to resident plants of different
1205:
is the international wildlife trade monitoring network that works to limit
2692:
2326:
1772:
1073:
and the introduction of unwanted phenotypes which can lead to extinction.
6929:
6914:
6445:
6430:
6332:
6170:
5618:
4965:
4681:
4648:
4451:
4446:
4323:
3736:
3711:
2628:"Illegal Genetically Engineered Corn from Monsanto Detected in Argentina"
1708:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1500:
the most accurate descriptor. Gene flow is undesirable according to some
1473:
1450:
1147:
1077:
272:
3144:"USDA Concludes Genetically Engineered Creeping Bentgrass Investigation"
2550:
Krupke, C. H.; Holland, J. D.; Long, E. Y.; Eitzer, B. D. (2017-05-22).
2517:
6909:
6763:
6758:
6595:
6585:
6393:
6205:
5917:
5912:
5260:
5210:
4990:
4676:
4653:
4233:
4134:
3983:
3955:
3950:
3155:
3153:
2718:"Gene use restriction technologies for transgenic plant bioconfinement"
2301:
1967:
1513:
1202:
3881:
3286:
3261:
Milot E, Perrier C, Papillon L, Dodson JJ, Bernatchez L (April 2013).
2973:
2734:
2717:
2253:"Farmed and Dangerous? Pacific Salmon Confront Rogue Atlantic Cousins"
1862:
1837:
6919:
6845:
5084:
4114:
4052:
2875:
2824:
1952:
Genetic pollution of native eucalypt gene pools—identifying the risks
1932:
1907:
1281:
910:
890:
797:
787:
495:
2781:
2716:
Sang, Yi; Millwood, Reginald J.; Neal Stewart Jr, C. (2013-06-04).
2030:
1254:
areas and are regularly, and historically, in contact with humans.
6590:
6349:
4431:
1206:
920:
865:
257:
6934:
2657:"Brazil – Illegal Roundup Ready cotton grown on 16,000 hectares"
2422:. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
1582:
Use of the term 'genetic pollution' and similar phrases such as
1304:
1255:
895:
142:
137:
102:
5525:
4706:
3885:
3348:
2437:
The Biotech Century: Harnessing the Gene and Remaking the World
1540:
It can also be considered undesirable if it leads to a loss of
2683:
2681:
1610:
They recommend that gene flow from invasive species be termed
3344:
3318:
Zaid A, Hughes HG, Porceddu E, Nicholas F (26 October 2007).
3179:
2203:"How Did The Eclipse Let Thousands Of Farmed Salmon Escape?"
1108:"pollution" may not always be the most accurate descriptor.
1681:
Seeds of Destruction: Hidden Agenda of Genetic Manipulation
2031:
Effects of the introduction of invasive/non-native species
3234:(1996). "Extinction by Hybridization and Introgression".
1211:
hybridize with native species, causing genetic pollution
1089:
hybridize with native species, causing genetic pollution
1567:
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
1467:) revealed that the transgene and its associate trait (
5753:
Self-indication assumption doomsday argument rebuttal
1993:
Invasive Plants Can Create Positive Ecological Change
5679:
Safety of high-energy particle collision experiments
3966:
List of varieties of genetically modified maize/corn
6887:
6856:
6789:
6647:
6318:
6193:
6104:
6061:
6054:
6020:
5824:
5815:
5730:
5584:
5359:
5147:
4810:
4740:
4641:
4595:
4577:
4524:
4494:
4462:
4399:
4392:
4362:
4309:
4300:
4263:
4216:
4166:
4157:
4087:
4069:
4051:
4033:
4010:
3992:
3974:
3941:
3932:
3919:
3808:
3777:
3754:
3639:
3591:
3582:
3534:
3468:
3452:
3382:
2278:"Farmed salmon escape into Washington state waters"
2502:"Glyphosate resistance threatens Roundup hegemony"
2434:
1201:, which they consider undesirable. For example,
6807:List of apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction
2410:
2408:
2406:
2379:"Tracking the Ancestry of Corn Back 9,000 Years"
6705:List of dates predicted for apocalyptic events
3785:International Union for Conservation of Nature
2016:. The World Conservation Union. Archived from
1908:"Bid to protect wolves from genetic pollution"
1346:. It was also popularized by environmentalist
5710:Existential risk from artificial intelligence
5537:
4718:
3897:
3360:
1901:
1899:
1897:
1028:
8:
2622:
2620:
2601:"GM crops created superweed, say scientists"
1715:"Italy's Wild Dogs Winning Darwinian Battle"
1526:Invasive species have been a major cause of
5758:Self-referencing doomsday argument rebuttal
4539:Detection of genetically modified organisms
3195:"Genetic Pollution a Multiplying Nightmare"
2483:"Jeremy Rifkin: fears of a brave new world"
27:Problematic gene flow into wild populations
6058:
5861:Climate change and civilizational collapse
5821:
5544:
5530:
5522:
4725:
4711:
4703:
4396:
4306:
4163:
3938:
3929:
3904:
3890:
3882:
3842:The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History
3588:
3367:
3353:
3345:
2035:Joint Nature Conservation Committee (JNCC)
1755:"When Transgenes Wander, Should We Worry?"
1293:Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife
1035:
1021:
925:
51:
29:
5236:Environmental issues in the United States
3294:
3225:
3223:
3221:
3119:
3109:
3042:
3032:
2733:
2575:
2004:
2002:
1931:
1861:
1780:
6864:Centre for the Study of Existential Risk
6802:Apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic fiction
5221:Effects of climate change on agriculture
3236:Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics
2352:Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics
1831:
1829:
1945:
1943:
1698:
964:
928:
41:
5226:Effects of climate change on livestock
1838:"Genetic rescue: a safe or risky bet?"
1469:resistance to the glyphosate herbicide
1225:), which is an irreversible change."
3067:"'Alien' genes escape into wild corn"
2763:
2761:
2711:
2709:
2545:
2543:
1805:"the definition of genetic pollution"
7:
5881:Tipping points in the climate system
5480:
5336:Tropical cyclones and climate change
3866:
3169:web article hosted by Greenpeace.org
3160:GE agriculture and genetic pollution
2960:(6881): 600–1, discussion 600, 602.
1415:Genetic use restriction technologies
5876:Extinction risk from climate change
5775:New World Order (conspiracy theory)
5369:Alternative fuel vehicle propulsion
3800:Voluntary Human Extinction Movement
3549:Extinction risk from climate change
2325:Appleby, Kevin H. Amos and Andrew.
2079:10.1046/j.1523-1739.1996.10010010.x
2043:), which is an irreversible change.
2010:"When is wildlife trade a problem?"
1344:The Ecologist magazine in July 1989
1249:Increased contact between wild and
1215:Joint Nature Conservation Committee
263:Radium and radon in the environment
6836:List of fictional doomsday devices
4569:Genetic use restriction technology
25:
5856:Cataclysmic pole shift hypothesis
5016:pharmaceuticals and personal care
2948:Metz M, FĂĽtterer J (April 2002).
1602:argue that these types of terms:
6972:
6971:
6959:
6117:Decline in amphibian populations
5491:
5490:
5479:
5167:decline in amphibian populations
4872:Deforestation and climate change
3865:
3856:
3855:
3821:Decline in amphibian populations
3790:IUCN Species Survival Commission
3443:
2364:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.30.1.539
1732:might reach irreversible levels,
1312:Genetically engineered organisms
1002:
990:
6468:Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse
5965:Land surface effects on climate
5938:Human impact on the environment
5569:Future of an expanding universe
5301:Land surface effects on climate
4758:Environmental impact assessment
4734:Human impact on the environment
4587:Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety
3496:Human impact on the environment
3248:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.27.1.83
2377:Carroll, Sean B. (2010-05-24).
2100:Anderson R (3 September 2017).
1836:Waller, Donald M. (June 2015).
1713:Boffey PM (December 13, 1983).
1399:Since 2005 there has existed a
1217:, the statutory adviser to the
83:Atmospheric dispersion modeling
7038:Genetically modified organisms
3476:Climate variability and change
1365:genetically modified organisms
1284:. This is specifically termed
952:Least polluted cities by PM2.5
1:
6414:Interpretations of Revelation
6216:Cosmological phase transition
6122:Decline in insect populations
5574:Ultimate fate of the universe
5172:decline in insect populations
4349:Somatic cell nuclear transfer
3826:Decline in insect populations
3769:IUCN Red List extinct species
3180:"Say no to genetic pollution"
1495:Environmentalist perspectives
423:Electrical resistance heating
6869:Future of Humanity Institute
6266:Potentially hazardous object
6166:Interplanetary contamination
1956:Australian Journal of Botany
1112:Gene flow to wild population
133:Persistent organic pollutant
57:Air pollution from a factory
6749:Nemesis (hypothetical star)
5898:Global terrestrial stilling
2722:Plant Biotechnology Journal
2689:"GM Contamination Register"
1906:Butler D (18 August 1994).
1508:, including groups such as
1056:is a term for uncontrolled
7094:
6261:Asteroid impact prediction
6236:Heat death of the universe
5646:Mutual assured destruction
3390:Background extinction rate
2599:Brown, Paul (2005-07-25).
2556:Journal of Applied Ecology
2500:Waltz, Emily (June 2010).
1740:what we today call a wolf.
1387:
1315:
1177:
1115:
1065:concept of gene flow, and
1046:
7078:Environmental terminology
6953:
6879:Nuclear Threat Initiative
6812:List of apocalyptic films
6655:2011 end times prediction
6387:Prophecy of Seventy Weeks
6382:Abomination of desolation
6256:Asteroid impact avoidance
6086:List of extinction events
5928:Environmental degradation
5715:Technological singularity
5559:
5553:Global catastrophic risks
5474:
5409:Environmental engineering
5256:Environmental degradation
5033:fishing down the food web
4672:
4407:Genetically modified food
3851:
3712:End-Jurassic or Tithonian
3441:
3267:Evolutionary Applications
2661:GM Contamination Register
2632:GM Contamination Register
1401:GM Contamination Register
1286:aquaculture of salmonoids
678:War and environmental law
298:Health effects from noise
148:Volatile organic compound
7033:Biological contamination
6874:Future of Life Institute
6776:Resurrection of the dead
6769:Post-tribulation rapture
6151:Colony collapse disorder
5414:Environmental mitigation
5271:Greenhouse gas emissions
5231:Environmental insecurity
3764:Lists of extinct species
303:Marine mammals and sonar
7058:Hybridisation (biology)
5700:Artificial intelligence
5461:Sustainable consumption
4802:Social ecology (ethics)
3111:10.1073/pnas.0405154101
3034:10.1073/pnas.0503356102
2919:10.1023/A:1013903300469
2770:Pest Management Science
2577:10.1111/1365-2664.12924
1578:Scientific perspectives
1561:Governmental definition
1421:field into the wild in
1124:conservation biologists
778:Freshwater salinization
698:Agricultural wastewater
6829:List of disaster films
6670:Apocalyptic literature
5770:Malthusian catastrophe
5696:Synthetic intelligence
5404:Ecological engineering
5184:runaway climate change
3569:Latent extinction risk
1730:of the wolf gene pool
1620:
1608:
1575:
1554:genetically engineered
1538:
1238:Cercocarpus betuloides
1168:outbreeding depression
1144:genetically-engineered
1071:outbreeding depression
997:Environment portal
6211:Coronal mass ejection
5673:Electromagnetic pulse
5634:Kinetic energy weapon
4787:List of global issues
4020:Roundup ready soybean
3526:Paradox of enrichment
3415:Functional extinction
3405:Ecological extinction
1773:10.1104/pp.125.4.1543
1753:Ellstrand NC (2001).
1616:
1604:
1584:genetic deterioration
1571:
1522:
1388:Further information:
1316:Further information:
1178:Further information:
1116:Further information:
738:Industrial wastewater
506:Municipal solid waste
428:Soil guideline values
7073:Evolutionary biology
7028:Conservation biology
6613:War of Gog and Magog
6290:Near-Earth supernova
6040:Human overpopulation
5844:Mass mortality event
5738:Anthropogenic hazard
5389:Community resilience
5189:in the United States
5157:Biodiversity threats
4830:cannabis cultivation
4797:Planetary boundaries
4763:Environmental issues
4753:Ecological footprint
4559:Reverse transfection
4334:Genetic transduction
3795:Extinction Rebellion
3737:Pliocene–Pleistocene
3619:Cretaceous–Paleogene
3564:Hypothetical species
3554:Extinction threshold
3511:Overabundant species
2996:on October 31, 2008.
2506:Nature Biotechnology
2058:Conservation Biology
2020:on 24 December 2007.
1687:Starlink corn recall
1645:Conservation biology
1464:Agrostis stolonifera
1428:Agrostis stolonifera
1358:with the subsequent
1245:Domestic populations
1232:Cercocarpus traskiae
1213:". Furthermore, the
1091:". In the fields of
947:Most polluted cities
599:Overhead power lines
7053:Population genetics
7043:Genetic engineering
6685:Blood moon prophecy
6478:Number of the Beast
6076:Holocene extinction
6022:Earth Overshoot Day
5970:Ocean acidification
5933:Habitat destruction
5923:Ecological collapse
5629:Kinetic bombardment
5564:Future of the Earth
5451:Restoration ecology
5384:Climate engineering
5321:Ocean acidification
5311:Loss of green belts
5281:Holocene extinction
5276:Habitat destruction
4951:Environmental crime
4549:Genetics in fiction
4481:Genetic enhancement
4283:Hepatitis B vaccine
3913:Genetic engineering
3722:Cenomanian-Turonian
3667:Cambrian–Ordovician
3599:Ordovician–Silurian
3506:Mutational meltdown
3491:Habitat destruction
3410:Extinct in the wild
3338:on 26 October 2007.
3279:2013EvApp...6..472M
3102:2004PNAS..10114533W
3073:. 18 February 2009.
3025:2005PNAS..10212338O
2966:2002Natur.416..600M
2907:Transgenic Research
2868:2001Natur.414..541Q
2568:2017JApEc..54.1449K
2518:10.1038/nbt0610-537
2464:"Genetic Pollution"
2257:Scientific American
2071:1996ConBi..10...10L
1924:1994Natur.370..497B
1854:2015MolEc..24.2595W
1423:herbicide-resistant
1395:Preventive measures
1352:The Biotech Century
1318:Genetic engineering
1136:invasive subspecies
1063:population genetics
763:Ocean acidification
673:Unexploded ordnance
594:Advertising clutter
526:Post-consumer waste
471:Foam food container
456:Biodegradable waste
113:Global distillation
7000:Doomsday scenarios
6566:Beast of the Earth
6458:Book of Revelation
6246:Virtual black hole
6226:False vacuum decay
6176:Pollinator decline
6139:Biological warfare
6129:Biotechnology risk
5980:Resource depletion
5466:Waste minimization
5424:Mitigation banking
5419:Industrial ecology
5379:Cleaner production
5331:Resource depletion
4867:Corporate behavior
4825:animal agriculture
4659:Stem cell research
4278:Ice-minus bacteria
3165:2010-04-11 at the
2383:The New York Times
2282:chicagotribune.com
1968:10.1071/BT02035_CO
1720:The New York Times
1665:Genetic monitoring
1596:genetic aggression
1550:synthetic organism
1340:genetic pollution"
1265:The New York Times
1259:released animals.
1199:indigenous species
1180:Introduced species
1174:Introduced species
1081:indigenous species
1009:Ecology portal
634:Herbicidal warfare
178:Introduced species
118:Indoor air quality
88:Chlorofluorocarbon
7010:
7009:
6841:Zombie apocalypse
6742:Postmillennialism
6537:Great Tribulation
6310:Stellar collision
6271:Near-Earth object
6221:Geomagnetic storm
6189:
6188:
6112:Biodiversity loss
6096:Genetic pollution
6050:
6049:
5839:Biodiversity loss
5802:Societal collapse
5780:Nuclear holocaust
5765:Economic collapse
5748:Doomsday argument
5666:Antimatter weapon
5519:
5518:
5341:Water degradation
5216:Ecological crisis
5162:biodiversity loss
4961:Industrialisation
4946:Genetic pollution
4792:Impact assessment
4700:
4699:
4664:Synthetic biology
4554:Human enhancement
4544:Genetic pollution
4520:
4519:
4388:
4387:
4296:
4295:
4259:
4258:
4153:
4152:
3879:
3878:
3831:Extinction symbol
3750:
3749:
3614:Triassic–Jurassic
3584:Extinction events
3460:Extinction vortex
3420:Genetic pollution
3331:978-92-5-104683-8
3287:10.1111/eva.12028
2974:10.1038/nature738
2819:(6821): 682–683.
2735:10.1111/pbi.12084
2481:Otchet A (1998).
2448:978-0-87477-909-7
2433:Rifkin J (1998).
2231:The Seattle Times
2107:Los Angeles Times
2041:genetic pollution
1863:10.1111/mec.13220
1848:(11): 2595–2597.
1842:Molecular Ecology
1728:genetic pollution
1532:genetic pollution
1502:environmentalists
1390:Mutation breeding
1380:Mutated organisms
1350:in his 1998 book
1336:genetic pollution
1223:genetic pollution
1105:genetic pollution
1054:Genetic pollution
1049:Invasion genetics
1045:
1044:
980:
979:
646:Nuclear holocaust
569:Urban heat island
383:Radioactive waste
168:Biological hazard
78:Air quality index
16:(Redirected from
7085:
7048:Invasive species
6975:
6974:
6966:World portal
6964:
6963:
6925:Financial crisis
6754:Nibiru cataclysm
6732:Premillennialism
6576:Dhul-Suwayqatayn
6544:Son of perdition
6532:Olivet Discourse
6508:Whore of Babylon
6134:Biological agent
6081:Human extinction
6071:Extinction event
6059:
6030:Overexploitation
5960:Land consumption
5955:Land degradation
5822:
5684:Micro black hole
5592:Chemical warfare
5546:
5539:
5532:
5523:
5494:
5493:
5483:
5482:
5316:Phosphorus cycle
5296:Land consumption
5291:Land degradation
5266:Freshwater cycle
5065:Overexploitation
5038:marine pollution
4845:cocoa production
4727:
4720:
4713:
4704:
4437:Dow AgroSciences
4397:
4307:
4164:
3939:
3930:
3906:
3899:
3892:
3883:
3869:
3868:
3859:
3858:
3836:Human extinction
3727:Eocene–Oligocene
3609:Permian–Triassic
3589:
3559:Field of Bullets
3516:Overexploitation
3501:Muller's ratchet
3486:Invasive species
3447:
3435:Pseudoextinction
3430:Local extinction
3369:
3362:
3355:
3346:
3340:
3339:
3334:. Archived from
3315:
3309:
3308:
3298:
3258:
3252:
3251:
3227:
3216:
3215:
3213:
3212:
3206:
3200:. Archived from
3199:
3190:
3184:
3183:
3176:
3170:
3157:
3148:
3147:
3140:
3134:
3133:
3123:
3113:
3081:
3075:
3074:
3063:
3057:
3056:
3046:
3036:
3019:(35): 12338–43.
3004:
2998:
2997:
2992:. Archived from
2945:
2939:
2938:
2902:
2896:
2895:
2876:10.1038/35107068
2851:
2845:
2844:
2825:10.1038/35055621
2808:
2802:
2801:
2765:
2756:
2755:
2737:
2713:
2704:
2703:
2701:
2700:
2691:. Archived from
2685:
2676:
2675:
2673:
2672:
2663:. Archived from
2653:
2647:
2646:
2644:
2643:
2634:. Archived from
2624:
2615:
2614:
2612:
2611:
2596:
2590:
2589:
2579:
2562:(5): 1449–1458.
2547:
2538:
2537:
2497:
2491:
2490:
2478:
2472:
2471:
2468:World Wide Words
2459:
2453:
2452:
2440:
2430:
2424:
2423:
2412:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2397:
2374:
2368:
2367:
2347:
2341:
2340:
2338:
2337:
2322:
2316:
2315:
2313:
2312:
2298:
2292:
2291:
2289:
2288:
2273:
2267:
2266:
2264:
2263:
2248:
2242:
2241:
2239:
2238:
2223:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2213:
2198:
2192:
2191:
2189:
2188:
2173:
2167:
2166:
2164:
2163:
2148:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2138:
2124:
2118:
2117:
2115:
2114:
2097:
2091:
2090:
2052:
2046:
2028:
2022:
2021:
2006:
1997:
1988:
1982:
1978:
1972:
1971:
1947:
1938:
1937:
1935:
1933:10.1038/370497a0
1903:
1892:
1891:
1865:
1833:
1824:
1823:
1821:
1820:
1811:. Archived from
1801:
1795:
1794:
1784:
1767:(4): 1543–1545.
1750:
1744:
1743:
1710:
1592:genetic takeover
1588:genetic swamping
1506:conservationists
1332:animal husbandry
1193:Invasive species
1146:population to a
1128:conservationists
1101:animal husbandry
1085:invasive species
1037:
1030:
1023:
1007:
1006:
1005:
995:
994:
926:
629:Chemical warfare
531:Waste management
491:Industrial waste
466:Electronic waste
451:Advertising mail
433:Phytoremediation
408:Land degradation
348:Depleted uranium
233:Overillumination
183:Invasive species
55:
45:
30:
21:
7093:
7092:
7088:
7087:
7086:
7084:
7083:
7082:
7013:
7012:
7011:
7006:
6985:Future problems
6958:
6949:
6883:
6852:
6819:Climate fiction
6785:
6660:2012 phenomenon
6643:
6549:Sheep and Goats
6436:2 Thessalonians
6314:
6231:Gamma-ray burst
6185:
6100:
6091:Genetic erosion
6046:
6016:
6007:Water pollution
5975:Ozone depletion
5871:Desertification
5811:
5726:
5661:Doomsday device
5641:Nuclear warfare
5580:
5555:
5550:
5520:
5515:
5470:
5429:Organic farming
5355:
5346:Water pollution
5326:Ozone depletion
5306:Loss and damage
5206:Desertification
5143:
5055:Overconsumption
4976:cleaning agents
4877:Energy industry
4840:meat production
4806:
4736:
4731:
4701:
4696:
4668:
4637:
4591:
4573:
4526:
4516:
4490:
4486:Genetic testing
4468:
4458:
4384:
4370:Recombinant DNA
4358:
4329:Electroporation
4292:
4288:Oncolytic virus
4267:
4255:
4212:
4198:Herman the Bull
4149:
4083:
4065:
4047:
4029:
4006:
3988:
3970:
3924:
3922:
3915:
3910:
3880:
3875:
3847:
3804:
3773:
3756:Extinct species
3746:
3702:Carnian Pluvial
3647:Great Oxidation
3635:
3578:
3544:Extinction debt
3536:
3530:
3481:Genetic erosion
3464:
3448:
3439:
3378:
3373:
3343:
3332:
3317:
3316:
3312:
3260:
3259:
3255:
3229:
3228:
3219:
3210:
3208:
3204:
3197:
3192:
3191:
3187:
3178:
3177:
3173:
3167:Wayback Machine
3158:
3151:
3142:
3141:
3137:
3096:(40): 14533–8.
3083:
3082:
3078:
3065:
3064:
3060:
3006:
3005:
3001:
2947:
2946:
2942:
2904:
2903:
2899:
2862:(6863): 541–3.
2853:
2852:
2848:
2810:
2809:
2805:
2782:10.1002/ps.3850
2767:
2766:
2759:
2715:
2714:
2707:
2698:
2696:
2687:
2686:
2679:
2670:
2668:
2655:
2654:
2650:
2641:
2639:
2626:
2625:
2618:
2609:
2607:
2598:
2597:
2593:
2549:
2548:
2541:
2499:
2498:
2494:
2480:
2479:
2475:
2461:
2460:
2456:
2449:
2441:. J P Tarcher.
2432:
2431:
2427:
2414:
2413:
2404:
2395:
2393:
2376:
2375:
2371:
2349:
2348:
2344:
2335:
2333:
2324:
2323:
2319:
2310:
2308:
2300:
2299:
2295:
2286:
2284:
2275:
2274:
2270:
2261:
2259:
2251:Braun, Ashley.
2250:
2249:
2245:
2236:
2234:
2225:
2224:
2220:
2211:
2209:
2200:
2199:
2195:
2186:
2184:
2175:
2174:
2170:
2161:
2159:
2157:nydailynews.com
2150:
2149:
2145:
2136:
2134:
2126:
2125:
2121:
2112:
2110:
2099:
2098:
2094:
2054:
2053:
2049:
2029:
2025:
2008:
2007:
2000:
1989:
1985:
1979:
1975:
1949:
1948:
1941:
1905:
1904:
1895:
1835:
1834:
1827:
1818:
1816:
1803:
1802:
1798:
1752:
1751:
1747:
1712:
1711:
1700:
1696:
1691:
1660:Genetic erosion
1625:
1580:
1563:
1497:
1492:
1441:
1403:, launched for
1397:
1392:
1382:
1320:
1314:
1302:
1275:
1247:
1195:
1182:
1176:
1159:
1120:
1114:
1051:
1041:
1003:
1001:
989:
982:
981:
881:
873:
872:
846:
838:
837:
773:Pharmaceuticals
753:Nonpoint source
693:
683:
682:
651:Nuclear fallout
624:
614:
613:
584:
574:
573:
564:
554:
553:
544:
536:
535:
521:Packaging waste
486:Hazardous waste
446:
438:
437:
398:
388:
387:
358:Nuclear fallout
353:Nuclear fission
333:
323:
322:
288:
278:
277:
253:
245:
244:
218:
216:Electromagnetic
208:
207:
198:
190:
189:
163:
153:
152:
123:Ozone depletion
68:
58:
43:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7091:
7089:
7081:
7080:
7075:
7070:
7065:
7060:
7055:
7050:
7045:
7040:
7035:
7030:
7025:
7015:
7014:
7008:
7007:
7005:
7004:
7003:
7002:
6997:
6992:
6987:
6982:
6980:Apocalypticism
6969:
6954:
6951:
6950:
6948:
6947:
6942:
6937:
6932:
6927:
6922:
6917:
6912:
6907:
6902:
6897:
6891:
6889:
6885:
6884:
6882:
6881:
6876:
6871:
6866:
6860:
6858:
6854:
6853:
6851:
6850:
6849:
6848:
6838:
6833:
6832:
6831:
6824:Disaster films
6821:
6816:
6815:
6814:
6809:
6799:
6797:Alien invasion
6793:
6791:
6787:
6786:
6784:
6783:
6778:
6773:
6772:
6771:
6766:
6756:
6751:
6746:
6745:
6744:
6739:
6737:Amillennialism
6734:
6724:
6722:Millenarianism
6719:
6718:
6717:
6707:
6702:
6697:
6692:
6687:
6682:
6677:
6675:Apocalypticism
6672:
6667:
6662:
6657:
6651:
6649:
6645:
6644:
6642:
6641:
6640:
6639:
6629:
6624:
6623:
6622:
6621:
6620:
6615:
6610:
6600:
6599:
6598:
6593:
6588:
6583:
6578:
6573:
6571:Dhu al-Qarnayn
6568:
6563:
6553:
6552:
6551:
6546:
6541:
6540:
6539:
6529:
6524:
6519:
6517:Great Apostasy
6514:
6513:
6512:
6511:
6510:
6505:
6500:
6495:
6490:
6485:
6480:
6475:
6470:
6455:
6450:
6449:
6448:
6443:
6433:
6428:
6423:
6418:
6417:
6416:
6406:
6396:
6391:
6390:
6389:
6384:
6374:
6364:
6362:Last Judgement
6359:
6358:
6357:
6352:
6342:
6341:
6340:
6335:
6324:
6322:
6320:Eschatological
6316:
6315:
6313:
6312:
6307:
6302:
6297:
6292:
6287:
6286:
6285:
6280:
6275:
6274:
6273:
6263:
6258:
6248:
6243:
6238:
6233:
6228:
6223:
6218:
6213:
6208:
6203:
6197:
6195:
6191:
6190:
6187:
6186:
6184:
6183:
6178:
6173:
6168:
6163:
6158:
6153:
6148:
6147:
6146:
6141:
6136:
6126:
6125:
6124:
6119:
6108:
6106:
6102:
6101:
6099:
6098:
6093:
6088:
6083:
6078:
6073:
6067:
6065:
6056:
6052:
6051:
6048:
6047:
6045:
6044:
6043:
6042:
6035:Overpopulation
6032:
6026:
6024:
6018:
6017:
6015:
6014:
6012:Water scarcity
6009:
6004:
5999:
5998:
5997:
5987:
5985:Sea level rise
5982:
5977:
5972:
5967:
5962:
5957:
5952:
5951:
5950:
5948:on marine life
5945:
5935:
5930:
5925:
5920:
5915:
5910:
5905:
5903:Global warming
5900:
5895:
5893:Global dimming
5890:
5885:
5884:
5883:
5873:
5868:
5863:
5858:
5853:
5851:Cascade effect
5848:
5847:
5846:
5836:
5830:
5828:
5826:Climate change
5819:
5813:
5812:
5810:
5809:
5804:
5799:
5798:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5777:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5761:
5760:
5755:
5745:
5740:
5734:
5732:
5728:
5727:
5725:
5724:
5719:
5718:
5717:
5712:
5707:
5693:
5692:
5691:
5686:
5676:
5670:
5669:
5668:
5663:
5658:
5656:Doomsday Clock
5653:
5648:
5638:
5637:
5636:
5626:
5621:
5616:
5615:
5614:
5609:
5607:Cyberterrorism
5604:
5594:
5588:
5586:
5582:
5581:
5579:
5578:
5577:
5576:
5566:
5560:
5557:
5556:
5551:
5549:
5548:
5541:
5534:
5526:
5517:
5516:
5514:
5513:
5508:
5503:
5498:
5487:
5475:
5472:
5471:
5469:
5468:
5463:
5458:
5456:Sustainability
5453:
5448:
5447:
5446:
5436:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5371:
5365:
5363:
5357:
5356:
5354:
5353:
5351:Water scarcity
5348:
5343:
5338:
5333:
5328:
5323:
5318:
5313:
5308:
5303:
5298:
5293:
5288:
5286:Nitrogen cycle
5283:
5278:
5273:
5268:
5263:
5258:
5253:
5251:Forest dieback
5248:
5243:
5238:
5233:
5228:
5223:
5218:
5213:
5208:
5203:
5198:
5193:
5192:
5191:
5186:
5179:Climate change
5176:
5175:
5174:
5169:
5164:
5153:
5151:
5145:
5144:
5142:
5141:
5136:
5135:
5134:
5124:
5123:
5122:
5117:
5112:
5107:
5097:
5092:
5087:
5082:
5077:
5072:
5067:
5062:
5057:
5052:
5047:
5046:
5045:
5040:
5035:
5030:
5020:
5019:
5018:
5013:
5008:
5003:
4998:
4996:nanotechnology
4993:
4988:
4983:
4978:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4943:
4942:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4901:
4900:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4858:
4857:
4852:
4847:
4842:
4837:
4832:
4827:
4816:
4814:
4808:
4807:
4805:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4784:
4783:
4782:
4780:on marine life
4772:
4771:
4770:
4768:list of issues
4760:
4755:
4750:
4744:
4742:
4738:
4737:
4732:
4730:
4729:
4722:
4715:
4707:
4698:
4697:
4695:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4673:
4670:
4669:
4667:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4645:
4643:
4642:Similar fields
4639:
4638:
4636:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4599:
4597:
4593:
4592:
4590:
4589:
4583:
4581:
4575:
4574:
4572:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4530:
4528:
4522:
4521:
4518:
4517:
4515:
4514:
4512:Gene targeting
4509:
4507:Gene knockdown
4504:
4498:
4496:
4492:
4491:
4489:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4472:
4470:
4460:
4459:
4457:
4456:
4455:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4442:DuPont Pioneer
4439:
4434:
4429:
4421:
4416:
4415:
4414:
4403:
4401:
4400:In agriculture
4394:
4390:
4389:
4386:
4385:
4383:
4382:
4377:
4372:
4366:
4364:
4360:
4359:
4357:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4344:Microinjection
4341:
4336:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4315:
4313:
4304:
4298:
4297:
4294:
4293:
4291:
4290:
4285:
4280:
4274:
4272:
4261:
4260:
4257:
4256:
4254:
4253:
4248:
4243:
4242:
4241:
4236:
4226:
4220:
4218:
4214:
4213:
4211:
4210:
4205:
4200:
4195:
4190:
4189:
4188:
4183:
4181:Knockout mouse
4172:
4170:
4161:
4155:
4154:
4151:
4150:
4148:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4117:
4112:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4091:
4089:
4085:
4084:
4082:
4081:
4075:
4073:
4067:
4066:
4064:
4063:
4057:
4055:
4049:
4048:
4046:
4045:
4039:
4037:
4031:
4030:
4028:
4027:
4022:
4016:
4014:
4008:
4007:
4005:
4004:
3998:
3996:
3990:
3989:
3987:
3986:
3980:
3978:
3972:
3971:
3969:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3947:
3945:
3936:
3927:
3917:
3916:
3911:
3909:
3908:
3901:
3894:
3886:
3877:
3876:
3874:
3873:
3863:
3852:
3849:
3848:
3846:
3845:
3838:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3818:
3812:
3810:
3806:
3805:
3803:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3781:
3779:
3775:
3774:
3772:
3771:
3766:
3760:
3758:
3752:
3751:
3748:
3747:
3745:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3732:Middle Miocene
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3697:End-Capitanian
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3654:
3649:
3643:
3641:
3637:
3636:
3634:
3633:
3632:
3631:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3595:
3593:
3586:
3580:
3579:
3577:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3540:
3538:
3532:
3531:
3529:
3528:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3472:
3470:
3466:
3465:
3463:
3462:
3456:
3454:
3450:
3449:
3442:
3440:
3438:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3386:
3384:
3380:
3379:
3374:
3372:
3371:
3364:
3357:
3349:
3342:
3341:
3330:
3310:
3253:
3217:
3185:
3171:
3149:
3135:
3076:
3058:
2999:
2940:
2897:
2846:
2803:
2776:(5): 658–667.
2757:
2728:(6): 649–658.
2705:
2677:
2648:
2616:
2591:
2539:
2512:(6): 537–538.
2492:
2473:
2454:
2447:
2425:
2402:
2369:
2358:(1): 539–563.
2342:
2317:
2293:
2276:video, tronc.
2268:
2243:
2218:
2193:
2168:
2143:
2119:
2092:
2047:
2023:
1998:
1983:
1973:
1939:
1893:
1825:
1809:Dictionary.com
1796:
1745:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1690:
1689:
1684:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1652:
1647:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1612:genetic mixing
1579:
1576:
1562:
1559:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1483:
1482:
1479:Scotts Company
1459:
1455:
1440:
1437:
1396:
1393:
1381:
1378:
1371:that produces
1313:
1310:
1301:
1298:
1274:
1271:
1246:
1243:
1194:
1191:
1175:
1172:
1164:genetic rescue
1158:
1155:
1113:
1110:
1067:genetic rescue
1043:
1042:
1040:
1039:
1032:
1025:
1017:
1014:
1013:
1012:
1011:
999:
984:
983:
978:
977:
976:
975:
967:
966:
962:
961:
960:
959:
954:
949:
944:
942:Law by country
939:
931:
930:
924:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
882:
879:
878:
875:
874:
871:
870:
869:
868:
863:
853:
847:
844:
843:
840:
839:
836:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
813:Surface runoff
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
740:
735:
730:
725:
720:
715:
713:Eutrophication
710:
705:
700:
694:
689:
688:
685:
684:
681:
680:
675:
670:
668:Scorched earth
665:
664:
663:
661:Nuclear winter
658:
656:Nuclear famine
653:
643:
642:
641:
631:
625:
620:
619:
616:
615:
612:
611:
606:
601:
596:
591:
585:
580:
579:
576:
575:
572:
571:
565:
560:
559:
556:
555:
552:
551:
545:
542:
541:
538:
537:
534:
533:
528:
523:
518:
513:
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
458:
453:
447:
444:
443:
440:
439:
436:
435:
430:
425:
420:
415:
413:Bioremediation
410:
405:
399:
394:
393:
390:
389:
386:
385:
380:
375:
370:
365:
360:
355:
350:
345:
343:Bioremediation
340:
334:
329:
328:
325:
324:
321:
320:
315:
310:
305:
300:
295:
293:Transportation
289:
284:
283:
280:
279:
276:
275:
270:
265:
260:
254:
251:
250:
247:
246:
243:
242:
240:Radio spectrum
237:
236:
235:
230:
219:
214:
213:
210:
209:
206:
205:
199:
196:
195:
192:
191:
188:
187:
186:
185:
175:
170:
164:
159:
158:
155:
154:
151:
150:
145:
140:
135:
130:
125:
120:
115:
110:
108:Global dimming
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
69:
64:
63:
60:
59:
56:
48:
47:
39:
38:
26:
24:
18:Genetic mixing
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7090:
7079:
7076:
7074:
7071:
7069:
7066:
7064:
7061:
7059:
7056:
7054:
7051:
7049:
7046:
7044:
7041:
7039:
7036:
7034:
7031:
7029:
7026:
7024:
7021:
7020:
7018:
7001:
6998:
6996:
6995:Risk analysis
6993:
6991:
6988:
6986:
6983:
6981:
6978:
6977:
6970:
6968:
6967:
6962:
6956:
6955:
6952:
6946:
6943:
6941:
6940:Social crisis
6938:
6936:
6933:
6931:
6928:
6926:
6923:
6921:
6918:
6916:
6913:
6911:
6908:
6906:
6903:
6901:
6898:
6896:
6893:
6892:
6890:
6886:
6880:
6877:
6875:
6872:
6870:
6867:
6865:
6862:
6861:
6859:
6857:Organizations
6855:
6847:
6844:
6843:
6842:
6839:
6837:
6834:
6830:
6827:
6826:
6825:
6822:
6820:
6817:
6813:
6810:
6808:
6805:
6804:
6803:
6800:
6798:
6795:
6794:
6792:
6788:
6782:
6781:World to come
6779:
6777:
6774:
6770:
6767:
6765:
6762:
6761:
6760:
6757:
6755:
6752:
6750:
6747:
6743:
6740:
6738:
6735:
6733:
6730:
6729:
6728:
6727:Millennialism
6725:
6723:
6720:
6716:
6715:Messianic Age
6713:
6712:
6711:
6708:
6706:
6703:
6701:
6700:Gog and Magog
6698:
6696:
6693:
6691:
6690:Earth Changes
6688:
6686:
6683:
6681:
6678:
6676:
6673:
6671:
6668:
6666:
6663:
6661:
6658:
6656:
6653:
6652:
6650:
6646:
6638:
6635:
6634:
6633:
6630:
6628:
6625:
6619:
6616:
6614:
6611:
6609:
6606:
6605:
6604:
6601:
6597:
6594:
6592:
6589:
6587:
6584:
6582:
6579:
6577:
6574:
6572:
6569:
6567:
6564:
6562:
6559:
6558:
6557:
6554:
6550:
6547:
6545:
6542:
6538:
6535:
6534:
6533:
6530:
6528:
6527:New Jerusalem
6525:
6523:
6520:
6518:
6515:
6509:
6506:
6504:
6503:War in Heaven
6501:
6499:
6498:Two witnesses
6496:
6494:
6491:
6489:
6486:
6484:
6481:
6479:
6476:
6474:
6471:
6469:
6466:
6465:
6464:
6461:
6460:
6459:
6456:
6454:
6451:
6447:
6444:
6442:
6439:
6438:
6437:
6434:
6432:
6429:
6427:
6424:
6422:
6419:
6415:
6412:
6411:
6410:
6407:
6405:
6402:
6401:
6400:
6397:
6395:
6392:
6388:
6385:
6383:
6380:
6379:
6378:
6375:
6373:
6370:
6369:
6368:
6367:Second Coming
6365:
6363:
6360:
6356:
6353:
6351:
6348:
6347:
6346:
6343:
6339:
6336:
6334:
6331:
6330:
6329:
6326:
6325:
6323:
6321:
6317:
6311:
6308:
6306:
6303:
6301:
6298:
6296:
6293:
6291:
6288:
6284:
6281:
6279:
6276:
6272:
6269:
6268:
6267:
6264:
6262:
6259:
6257:
6254:
6253:
6252:
6249:
6247:
6244:
6242:
6239:
6237:
6234:
6232:
6229:
6227:
6224:
6222:
6219:
6217:
6214:
6212:
6209:
6207:
6204:
6202:
6199:
6198:
6196:
6192:
6182:
6179:
6177:
6174:
6172:
6169:
6167:
6164:
6162:
6159:
6157:
6154:
6152:
6149:
6145:
6142:
6140:
6137:
6135:
6132:
6131:
6130:
6127:
6123:
6120:
6118:
6115:
6114:
6113:
6110:
6109:
6107:
6103:
6097:
6094:
6092:
6089:
6087:
6084:
6082:
6079:
6077:
6074:
6072:
6069:
6068:
6066:
6064:
6060:
6057:
6053:
6041:
6038:
6037:
6036:
6033:
6031:
6028:
6027:
6025:
6023:
6019:
6013:
6010:
6008:
6005:
6003:
6000:
5996:
5993:
5992:
5991:
5988:
5986:
5983:
5981:
5978:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5956:
5953:
5949:
5946:
5944:
5941:
5940:
5939:
5936:
5934:
5931:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5911:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5896:
5894:
5891:
5889:
5886:
5882:
5879:
5878:
5877:
5874:
5872:
5869:
5867:
5866:Deforestation
5864:
5862:
5859:
5857:
5854:
5852:
5849:
5845:
5842:
5841:
5840:
5837:
5835:
5832:
5831:
5829:
5827:
5823:
5820:
5818:
5814:
5808:
5807:World War III
5805:
5803:
5800:
5796:
5793:
5791:
5788:
5786:
5783:
5782:
5781:
5778:
5776:
5773:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5759:
5756:
5754:
5751:
5750:
5749:
5746:
5744:
5741:
5739:
5736:
5735:
5733:
5729:
5723:
5722:Transhumanism
5720:
5716:
5713:
5711:
5708:
5706:
5703:
5702:
5701:
5697:
5694:
5690:
5687:
5685:
5682:
5681:
5680:
5677:
5674:
5671:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5644:
5643:
5642:
5639:
5635:
5632:
5631:
5630:
5627:
5625:
5622:
5620:
5617:
5613:
5610:
5608:
5605:
5603:
5600:
5599:
5598:
5595:
5593:
5590:
5589:
5587:
5585:Technological
5583:
5575:
5572:
5571:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5561:
5558:
5554:
5547:
5542:
5540:
5535:
5533:
5528:
5527:
5524:
5512:
5509:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5488:
5486:
5477:
5476:
5473:
5467:
5464:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5454:
5452:
5449:
5445:
5442:
5441:
5440:
5439:Reforestation
5437:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5417:
5415:
5412:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5397:
5395:
5394:Cultured meat
5392:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5374:Birth control
5372:
5370:
5367:
5366:
5364:
5362:
5358:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5344:
5342:
5339:
5337:
5334:
5332:
5329:
5327:
5324:
5322:
5319:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5309:
5307:
5304:
5302:
5299:
5297:
5294:
5292:
5289:
5287:
5284:
5282:
5279:
5277:
5274:
5272:
5269:
5267:
5264:
5262:
5259:
5257:
5254:
5252:
5249:
5247:
5244:
5242:
5239:
5237:
5234:
5232:
5229:
5227:
5224:
5222:
5219:
5217:
5214:
5212:
5209:
5207:
5204:
5202:
5199:
5197:
5196:Deforestation
5194:
5190:
5187:
5185:
5182:
5181:
5180:
5177:
5173:
5170:
5168:
5165:
5163:
5160:
5159:
5158:
5155:
5154:
5152:
5150:
5146:
5140:
5137:
5133:
5130:
5129:
5128:
5125:
5121:
5118:
5116:
5113:
5111:
5108:
5106:
5103:
5102:
5101:
5098:
5096:
5093:
5091:
5088:
5086:
5083:
5081:
5078:
5076:
5073:
5071:
5068:
5066:
5063:
5061:
5058:
5056:
5053:
5051:
5048:
5044:
5041:
5039:
5036:
5034:
5031:
5029:
5026:
5025:
5024:
5021:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4973:
4972:
4971:Manufacturing
4969:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4919:nuclear power
4917:
4915:
4914:fracking (US)
4912:
4910:
4907:
4906:
4905:
4902:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4879:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4856:
4853:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4841:
4838:
4836:
4833:
4831:
4828:
4826:
4823:
4822:
4821:
4818:
4817:
4815:
4813:
4809:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4781:
4778:
4777:
4776:
4773:
4769:
4766:
4765:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4745:
4743:
4739:
4735:
4728:
4723:
4721:
4716:
4714:
4709:
4708:
4705:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4687:Biotechnology
4685:
4683:
4680:
4678:
4675:
4674:
4671:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4646:
4644:
4640:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4628:South America
4626:
4623:
4619:
4618:North America
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4600:
4598:
4594:
4588:
4585:
4584:
4582:
4580:
4576:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4564:Transhumanism
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4531:
4529:
4523:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4502:Gene knockout
4500:
4499:
4497:
4493:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4473:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4424:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4413:
4412:Controversies
4410:
4409:
4408:
4405:
4404:
4402:
4398:
4395:
4391:
4381:
4378:
4376:
4373:
4371:
4368:
4367:
4365:
4361:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4345:
4342:
4340:
4337:
4335:
4332:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4317:
4316:
4314:
4312:
4311:Inserting DNA
4308:
4305:
4303:
4299:
4289:
4286:
4284:
4281:
4279:
4276:
4275:
4273:
4271:
4266:
4262:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4231:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4221:
4219:
4217:Other animals
4215:
4209:
4206:
4204:
4201:
4199:
4196:
4194:
4191:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4178:
4177:
4174:
4173:
4171:
4169:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4156:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4116:
4113:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4103:
4101:
4098:
4096:
4093:
4092:
4090:
4086:
4080:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4072:
4068:
4062:
4059:
4058:
4056:
4054:
4050:
4044:
4041:
4040:
4038:
4036:
4032:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4017:
4015:
4013:
4009:
4003:
4000:
3999:
3997:
3995:
3991:
3985:
3982:
3981:
3979:
3977:
3973:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3948:
3946:
3944:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3918:
3914:
3907:
3902:
3900:
3895:
3893:
3888:
3887:
3884:
3872:
3864:
3862:
3854:
3853:
3850:
3844:
3843:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3813:
3811:
3807:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3782:
3780:
3778:Organizations
3776:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3761:
3759:
3757:
3753:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3723:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3687:Carboniferous
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3652:End-Ediacaran
3650:
3648:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3638:
3630:
3627:
3626:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3604:Late Devonian
3602:
3600:
3597:
3596:
3594:
3590:
3587:
3585:
3581:
3575:
3574:Living fossil
3572:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3541:
3539:
3533:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3473:
3471:
3467:
3461:
3458:
3457:
3455:
3451:
3446:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3425:Lazarus taxon
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3400:De-extinction
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3387:
3385:
3381:
3377:
3370:
3365:
3363:
3358:
3356:
3351:
3350:
3347:
3337:
3333:
3327:
3323:
3322:
3314:
3311:
3306:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3288:
3284:
3280:
3276:
3273:(3): 472–85.
3272:
3268:
3264:
3257:
3254:
3249:
3245:
3241:
3237:
3233:
3226:
3224:
3222:
3218:
3207:on 2018-05-01
3203:
3196:
3189:
3186:
3182:. Greenpeace.
3181:
3175:
3172:
3168:
3164:
3161:
3156:
3154:
3150:
3145:
3139:
3136:
3131:
3127:
3122:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3103:
3099:
3095:
3091:
3087:
3080:
3077:
3072:
3071:New Scientist
3068:
3062:
3059:
3054:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3026:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3003:
3000:
2995:
2991:
2987:
2983:
2979:
2975:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2959:
2955:
2951:
2944:
2941:
2936:
2932:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2916:
2912:
2908:
2901:
2898:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2869:
2865:
2861:
2857:
2850:
2847:
2842:
2838:
2834:
2830:
2826:
2822:
2818:
2814:
2807:
2804:
2799:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2783:
2779:
2775:
2771:
2764:
2762:
2758:
2753:
2749:
2745:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2727:
2723:
2719:
2712:
2710:
2706:
2695:on 2005-06-05
2694:
2690:
2684:
2682:
2678:
2667:on 2017-02-12
2666:
2662:
2658:
2652:
2649:
2638:on 2011-06-22
2637:
2633:
2629:
2623:
2621:
2617:
2606:
2602:
2595:
2592:
2587:
2583:
2578:
2573:
2569:
2565:
2561:
2557:
2553:
2546:
2544:
2540:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2515:
2511:
2507:
2503:
2496:
2493:
2488:
2484:
2477:
2474:
2469:
2465:
2458:
2455:
2450:
2444:
2439:
2438:
2429:
2426:
2421:
2417:
2411:
2409:
2407:
2403:
2392:
2388:
2384:
2380:
2373:
2370:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2346:
2343:
2332:
2328:
2321:
2318:
2307:
2303:
2297:
2294:
2283:
2279:
2272:
2269:
2258:
2254:
2247:
2244:
2232:
2228:
2222:
2219:
2208:
2204:
2201:Montanari S.
2197:
2194:
2182:
2181:Living Oceans
2178:
2172:
2169:
2158:
2154:
2147:
2144:
2133:
2129:
2123:
2120:
2109:
2108:
2103:
2096:
2093:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2059:
2051:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2027:
2024:
2019:
2015:
2011:
2005:
2003:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1987:
1984:
1977:
1974:
1969:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1946:
1944:
1940:
1934:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1918:(6490): 497.
1917:
1913:
1909:
1902:
1900:
1898:
1894:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1832:
1830:
1826:
1815:on 2018-04-30
1814:
1810:
1806:
1800:
1797:
1792:
1788:
1783:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1761:
1760:Plant Physiol
1756:
1749:
1746:
1742:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1722:
1721:
1716:
1709:
1707:
1705:
1703:
1699:
1693:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1682:
1678:
1676:
1675:Miscegenation
1673:
1671:
1670:Introgression
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1633:
1631:
1630:Back-breeding
1628:
1627:
1622:
1619:
1615:
1613:
1607:
1603:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1577:
1574:
1570:
1568:
1560:
1558:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1546:mutation bred
1543:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1529:
1521:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1494:
1489:
1487:
1480:
1476:
1475:
1470:
1466:
1465:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1447:
1446:
1445:
1438:
1436:
1432:
1430:
1429:
1424:
1418:
1416:
1412:
1410:
1406:
1402:
1394:
1391:
1386:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1373:neonicotinoid
1368:
1366:
1361:
1360:introgression
1357:
1356:hybridization
1353:
1349:
1348:Jeremy Rifkin
1345:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1325:
1319:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1289:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1266:
1260:
1257:
1252:
1244:
1242:
1241:
1239:
1234:
1233:
1226:
1224:
1220:
1219:UK government
1216:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1192:
1190:
1186:
1181:
1173:
1171:
1169:
1165:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1119:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1079:
1074:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1059:
1055:
1050:
1038:
1033:
1031:
1026:
1024:
1019:
1018:
1016:
1015:
1010:
1000:
998:
993:
988:
987:
986:
985:
974:
971:
970:
969:
968:
963:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
934:
933:
932:
927:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
883:
877:
876:
867:
864:
862:
859:
858:
857:
854:
852:
849:
848:
842:
841:
834:
831:
829:
828:Water quality
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
729:
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
701:
699:
696:
695:
692:
687:
686:
679:
676:
674:
671:
669:
666:
662:
659:
657:
654:
652:
649:
648:
647:
644:
640:
637:
636:
635:
632:
630:
627:
626:
623:
618:
617:
610:
607:
605:
604:Traffic signs
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
590:
587:
586:
583:
578:
577:
570:
567:
566:
563:
558:
557:
550:
547:
546:
540:
539:
532:
529:
527:
524:
522:
519:
517:
514:
512:
511:Nanomaterials
509:
507:
504:
502:
499:
497:
494:
492:
489:
487:
484:
482:
479:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
464:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
448:
442:
441:
434:
431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
419:
416:
414:
411:
409:
406:
404:
401:
400:
397:
392:
391:
384:
381:
379:
376:
374:
373:Radioactivity
371:
369:
366:
364:
361:
359:
356:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
341:
339:
336:
335:
332:
327:
326:
319:
318:Soundproofing
316:
314:
313:Noise control
311:
309:
308:Noise barrier
306:
304:
301:
299:
296:
294:
291:
290:
287:
282:
281:
274:
271:
269:
266:
264:
261:
259:
256:
255:
249:
248:
241:
238:
234:
231:
229:
226:
225:
224:
221:
220:
217:
212:
211:
204:
201:
200:
194:
193:
184:
181:
180:
179:
176:
174:
171:
169:
166:
165:
162:
157:
156:
149:
146:
144:
141:
139:
136:
134:
131:
129:
126:
124:
121:
119:
116:
114:
111:
109:
106:
104:
101:
99:
96:
94:
91:
89:
86:
84:
81:
79:
76:
74:
71:
70:
67:
62:
61:
54:
50:
49:
46:
40:
36:
32:
31:
19:
6957:
6900:Cyberwarfare
6618:Third Temple
6473:Lake of fire
6283:Rogue planet
6251:Impact event
6241:Proton decay
6194:Astronomical
6144:Bioterrorism
6095:
5990:Supervolcano
5888:Flood basalt
5834:Anoxic event
5743:Collapsology
5731:Sociological
5602:Cyberwarfare
5132:urban sprawl
5127:Urbanization
5075:Particulates
5060:Overdrafting
4945:
4775:Human impact
4748:Anthropocene
4543:
4476:Gene therapy
4375:Transgenesis
4354:Transfection
4319:Agrobacteria
4203:Knockout rat
4025:Vistive Gold
3921:Genetically
3840:
3816:Anthropocene
3657:End-Botomian
3537:and concepts
3419:
3395:Coextinction
3336:the original
3320:
3313:
3270:
3266:
3256:
3239:
3235:
3232:Simberloff D
3209:. Retrieved
3202:the original
3193:Greenpeace.
3188:
3174:
3138:
3093:
3089:
3079:
3070:
3061:
3016:
3012:
3002:
2994:the original
2957:
2953:
2943:
2910:
2906:
2900:
2859:
2855:
2849:
2816:
2812:
2806:
2773:
2769:
2725:
2721:
2697:. Retrieved
2693:the original
2669:. Retrieved
2665:the original
2660:
2651:
2640:. Retrieved
2636:the original
2631:
2608:. Retrieved
2605:the Guardian
2604:
2594:
2559:
2555:
2509:
2505:
2495:
2486:
2476:
2467:
2457:
2436:
2428:
2419:
2394:. Retrieved
2382:
2372:
2355:
2351:
2345:
2334:. Retrieved
2330:
2320:
2309:. Retrieved
2305:
2296:
2285:. Retrieved
2281:
2271:
2260:. Retrieved
2256:
2246:
2235:. Retrieved
2233:. 2017-08-24
2230:
2221:
2210:. Retrieved
2206:
2196:
2185:. Retrieved
2183:. 2013-03-12
2180:
2171:
2160:. Retrieved
2156:
2146:
2135:. Retrieved
2131:
2122:
2111:. Retrieved
2105:
2095:
2065:(1): 10–16.
2062:
2056:
2050:
2042:
2038:
2034:
2026:
2018:the original
2013:
1991:
1986:
1981:Perspective.
1976:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1915:
1911:
1845:
1841:
1817:. Retrieved
1813:the original
1808:
1799:
1764:
1758:
1748:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1724:
1718:
1679:
1635:Biodiversity
1617:
1611:
1609:
1605:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1581:
1572:
1564:
1539:
1531:
1525:
1523:
1518:GeneWatch UK
1498:
1484:
1472:
1462:
1442:
1433:
1426:
1419:
1413:
1398:
1383:
1369:
1351:
1339:
1335:
1328:agroforestry
1321:
1303:
1290:
1276:
1263:
1261:
1251:domesticated
1248:
1236:
1230:
1227:
1222:
1210:
1196:
1187:
1183:
1160:
1153:population.
1121:
1104:
1097:agroforestry
1088:
1075:
1053:
1052:
916:Point source
861:Heavy metals
823:Urban runoff
808:Sulfur water
783:Septic tanks
639:Agent Orange
549:Space debris
403:Agricultural
268:Volcanic ash
172:
128:Particulates
6976:Categories
6945:Survivalism
6632:Zoroastrian
6488:Seven seals
6483:Seven bowls
6409:Historicism
6305:Solar flare
6181:Overfishing
6156:Defaunation
5943:coral reefs
5705:AI takeover
5624:Nanoweapons
5612:Cybergeddon
5597:Cyberattack
5246:Externality
5241:Coral reefs
5201:Defaunation
5070:Overgrazing
5043:overfishing
5023:Marine life
4897:electricity
4820:Agriculture
4495:In research
4469:diagnostics
4339:Lipofection
4100:Arabidopsis
4002:Golden rice
3662:Dresbachian
3230:Rhymer JM,
2462:Quinion M.
2331:wdfw.wa.gov
2306:wdfw.wa.gov
1734:he warned.
1490:Controversy
1324:agriculture
1278:Aquaculture
1273:Aquaculture
1093:agriculture
886:Area source
728:Groundwater
481:Green waste
461:Brown waste
445:Solid waste
203:Information
98:Exhaust gas
7017:Categories
6905:Depression
6895:Ransomware
6710:Messianism
6680:Armageddon
6665:Apocalypse
6453:Antichrist
6441:Man of sin
6338:Three Ages
6201:Big Crunch
6063:Extinction
6055:Biological
5817:Ecological
5689:Strangelet
5511:mitigation
5506:assessment
5501:by country
5399:Decoupling
5361:Mitigation
5090:Reservoirs
5011:pesticides
4956:Explosives
4934:reservoirs
4835:irrigation
4579:Regulation
4423:Companies
4380:Cisgenesis
4324:Biolistics
4130:Sugar beet
4043:Flavr Savr
3943:Maize/corn
3742:Quaternary
3376:Extinction
3242:: 83–109.
3211:2018-04-30
2913:(1): 3–5.
2699:2010-07-06
2671:2010-07-08
2642:2010-07-08
2610:2018-05-01
2396:2018-05-01
2336:2018-05-01
2311:2018-05-01
2287:2018-05-01
2262:2018-05-01
2237:2018-04-30
2212:2018-04-30
2187:2018-04-30
2162:2018-04-30
2151:Scotti A.
2137:2018-04-30
2113:2018-04-30
1962:(3): 333.
1819:2018-04-30
1694:References
1600:Simberloff
1528:extinction
1510:Greenpeace
1425:bentgrass
1409:Greenpeace
1157:Importance
1151:indigenous
1132:non-native
1087:that may "
1047:See also:
973:By country
965:Categories
856:Pollutants
833:Wastewater
803:Stagnation
748:Monitoring
723:Freshwater
589:Air travel
476:Food waste
418:Defecation
228:Ecological
161:Biological
93:Combustion
33:Part of a
6790:Fictional
6637:Saoshyant
6522:New Earth
6493:The Beast
6426:Preterism
6399:Christian
6355:Kali Yuga
6300:Micronova
6295:Hypernova
6161:Dysgenics
6002:Verneshot
5908:Hypercane
5651:Dead Hand
5434:Recycling
5100:Transport
5085:Quarrying
5080:Pollution
4939:transport
4929:petroleum
4924:oil shale
4887:biodiesel
4692:Bioethics
4596:Geography
4534:Transgene
4302:Processes
4193:Enviropig
4186:Oncomouse
4125:SmartStax
4061:Bt cotton
3925:organisms
3521:Overshoot
3383:Phenomena
2790:1526-498X
2744:1467-7644
2586:0021-8901
2526:1087-0156
2391:0362-4331
2087:1523-1739
1872:1365-294X
1655:Gene pool
1650:Dysgenics
1640:Bioethics
1451:landraces
1405:GeneWatch
1118:Gene flow
1058:gene flow
901:Garbology
818:Turbidity
768:Oil spill
718:Firewater
703:Biosolids
609:Vandalism
368:Poisoning
363:Plutonium
338:Actinides
331:Radiation
73:Acid rain
44:Pollution
7068:Breeding
6930:Pandemic
6915:Epidemic
6910:Droughts
6764:Prewrath
6695:End time
6561:Al-Qa'im
6446:Katechon
6431:2 Esdras
6421:Idealism
6404:Futurism
6333:Maitreya
6328:Buddhist
6171:Pandemic
5619:Gray goo
5496:Category
5120:shipping
5105:aviation
4991:plastics
4981:concrete
4966:Land use
4882:biofuels
4850:palm oil
4682:Genetics
4649:Eugenics
4527:articles
4452:Syngenta
4447:Monsanto
4419:Pharming
4265:Bacteria
3961:StarLink
3923:modified
3861:Category
3809:See also
3707:Toarcian
3672:Ireviken
3629:Timeline
3624:Holocene
3535:Theories
3305:23745139
3163:Archived
3130:15448206
3053:16093316
2982:11935144
2935:12294956
2927:11874106
2884:11734853
2833:11217848
2798:24977384
2752:23730743
2534:20531318
1888:11573077
1880:26013990
1791:11299333
1623:See also
1474:Agrostis
1140:domestic
957:Treaties
937:Diseases
793:Shipping
758:Nutrient
708:Diseases
273:Wildfire
7063:Habitat
7023:Ecology
6990:Hazards
6888:General
6759:Rapture
6608:Messiah
6596:Sufyani
6586:Israfil
6556:Islamic
6394:Messiah
6372:1 Enoch
6206:Big Rip
5918:Ecocide
5913:Ice age
5485:Commons
5261:Erosion
5211:Ecocide
5149:Effects
5095:Tourism
5028:fishing
4986:fashion
4909:fashion
4862:Bitcoin
4741:General
4677:Biology
4654:Cloning
4633:Oceania
4525:Related
4270:viruses
4234:GloFish
4224:Insects
4168:Mammals
4159:Animals
4145:Mustard
4135:Tobacco
4105:Brinjal
4012:Soybean
3984:Amflora
3956:MON 863
3951:MON 810
3871:Commons
3692:Olson's
3296:3673475
3275:Bibcode
3098:Bibcode
3044:1184035
3021:Bibcode
2990:4423495
2962:Bibcode
2892:4403182
2864:Bibcode
2841:4422713
2564:Bibcode
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