Heinz Guderian - Knowledge (XXG)

758: 968: 1048: 1289: 851: 1280:, the last major German offensive operation in the east, was an attempt by the German army to regain the initiative. Guderian opposed the offensive, on the grounds that a victory would be extremely costly and would achieve little, saying "it is a matter of profound indifference to the world whether we hold Kursk or not". In a conversation with Hitler prior to the offensive, Guderian said: "Why are we attacking in the east at all this year?" Hitler responded, "You are right. Whenever I think of this attack, my stomach turns over." Guderian concluded, "Then you have the right attitude towards this situation. Leave it alone." 1611:, where he lamented that the Western powers had picked the wrong side to ally themselves with during the war, even as Germany "was fighting for its naked existence", as a "defender of Europe" against the supposed Bolshevik menace. Guderian issued apologetics for Hitler, writing: "For one may judge Hitler's acts as one will, in retrospect his struggle was about Europe, even if he made dreadful mistakes and errors". He claimed that only the Nazi civilian administration (not the Wehrmacht) was responsible for atrocities against Soviet civilians, and scapegoated Hitler and the 1731:. The magazine cover included a photo of Guderian in military dress, with his Knight's Cross and a pair of binoculars, suggesting a commanding role. The magazine featured a glowing profile of Guderian in which he was identified as the originator of blitzkrieg and lauded for his military achievements. Adhering to the postwar myths, the profile posited that a commander like this could "function in any political climate and be unaffected by it". Guderian thus came across as a consummate professional who stood apart from the crimes of the Nazi regime. 303: 277: 4504: 4494: 1675: 4509: 4499: 290: 707: 1550:. Liddell Hart writes that most of his success came from positions of substantial advantage, and he was never able to accomplish victory from a position of weakness. Hart suggests that his strengths were outweighed by his deficiencies, such as deliberately creating animosity between his panzer force and the other military arms, with disastrous consequences. His memoirs omitted mention of his military failings and his close relationship with Hitler. 1239: 51: 803:. While limited, the book was in many respects a success. It contained two important questions which would require answering if the army was to be mechanized: how will the army be supplied with fuel, spares and replacement vehicles; and how to move large mechanized forces, especially those that are road-bound? He answered his own questions in discussions of three broad areas: refueling; spare parts; and access to roads. 249: 781:

force concept, attract support and secure resources. This included a demonstration of the concept to Hitler himself. Lutz persuaded, cajoled and compensated for Guderian's often arrogant and argumentative behavior towards his peers. The modern historian Pier Battistelli writes that it is difficult to determine exactly who developed each of the ideas behind the panzer force. Many other officers, such as

1131:, Chief-of-Staff of the OKH, argued in favor of the all-out drive toward Moscow. Halder had Guderian fly to Führer Headquarters to argue the Army's case for continuing the assault against Moscow. Guderian, who had just recently been vehemently opposed to Hitler's plan for the drive to the south, unexpectedly sided with the dictator. This abrupt change of heart angered both Halder and Field Marshal 4221: 1523:

two reasons. Firstly, he sought the limelight, and secondly, he fostered a close relationship with Hitler. In portraying himself as the father of blitzkrieg and ingratiating himself with the Americans, he avoided being handed over to the Soviet Union. Battistelli writes that his most remarkable skill was not as a theoretician or commander, it was as an author. His books

922:; the next day the Soviet Union invaded Poland. He issued an ultimatum to the city—surrender to the Germans or Soviets – the garrison capitulated to the Germans. The Soviet Union's entry into the war shattered Polish morale and Polish forces began to surrender en masse to Guderian's troops. At the conclusion of the campaign, Guderian was awarded a 1421: 4209: 1666:, Stahel wrote: "The men in control of Hitler's armies were not honourable men, carrying out their orders as dutiful servants of the state. With resolute support for the regime, the generals unquestioningly waged one war of aggression after the other, and, once Barbarossa began, willingly partook in the genocide of the Nazi regime". 1207:

metropolis that German forces lacked the numbers to either encircle or to capture in a frontal assault. In the aftermath of the German failure, Guderian refused to pass on Hitler's 'stand fast' order and fell out with Kluge, the new commander of the Army Group Centre. Guderian was relieved of command on 25 December.

1651:, conclude that Guderian's memoirs are full of "egregious untruths, half truths, and omissions", as well as outright "nonsense". Guderian claimed, contrary to historical evidence, that the criminal Commissar Order was not carried out by his troops because it "never reached panzer group". He also lied about the 789:, were also involved. However, Guderian is widely accepted as having pioneered the communications system developed for the panzer units. The central tenets of blitzkrieg – independence, mass and surprise – were first published in doctrinal statements of mechanized warfare by Lutz. 1655:

that preemptively exempted German troops from prosecution for crimes committed against Soviet civilians, claiming that it was never carried out either. Guderian claimed to have been solicitous towards the civilian population, that he took pains to preserve Russian cultural objects and that his troops

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Freelance historian Pier Battistelli argues that Guderian rewrote history in his memoirs, but notes that the biggest re-writing of history comes not in his putative fathering of the panzer force but in the cover-up of his culpability for war crimes during Operation Barbarossa. Units under his command

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to the attack on 1 December. In the aftermath of the battle, Guderian blamed slow commitment of 4th Army to the attack for the German failure to reach Moscow. This assessment grossly overestimated the capabilities of Kluge's remaining forces. It also failed to appreciate the reality that Moscow was a

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In newer studies, historians began to question Guderian's memoirs and criticize the myth that they had created. Battistelli, examining Guderian's record, said he was not the father of the panzer arm. He was one of a number of innovators. He stood out from his arguably more able compatriot, Lutz, for

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gained access to a group of German generals, imprisoned in the No. 1 POW camp in Grizedale Hall in the north of England from 9 August 1945, as a Political Intelligence Department lecturer taking part in the Re-education programme, in an effort to use that to re-establish his reputation as a military

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Post-war, Guderian claimed that he had attempted to get out of this duty and that he had found the sessions "repulsive". In reality, Guderian had applied himself to the task with the vigour of a Nazi adherent, which perhaps was due to the desire to deflect attention from himself. Hart writes that he

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on 21 May slowed down the German advance and allowed the BEF to establish defenses around points of evacuation, while Hitler, conscious of potential reverses and of allowing unsupported armor into urban fighting, issued the order to halt. A general resumption of the attack was ordered on 26 May, but

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Despite the success of the invasion, French defeat was not inevitable; the French had better, more numerous military equipment and were not overwhelmed by a numerically or technologically superior military force. Instead, the French loss stemmed from poor army morale, faulty military strategy and a

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Guderian and his immediate superior Lutz had a symbiotic relationship. Both men worked tirelessly with the shared aim of creating a panzer force. Guderian was the public face advocating mechanized warfare and Lutz worked behind the scenes. Guderian reached into the Nazi regime to promote the panzer

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years. This allowed him to re-imagine himself as the master of the blitzkrieg between 1939 and 1941; however, this was an exaggeration. Guderian's German memoirs were first published in 1950. At that time they were the only source on the development of panzer forces, German military records having

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who was the most senior staff officer with experience at the OKH, but he was himself arrested in August. The situation was not improved by Guderian's long-standing bias against the General Staff which he blamed for having allegedly opposed his attempts to introduce modern armored doctrine into the

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been misplaced or lost. Consequently, historians based their interpretation of historical events upon Guderian's self-centred autobiography. Subsequent biographers supported the myth and embellished it. In 1952 Guderian's memoirs were reprinted in English. British journalist and military theorist

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in 1945 and the US refused requests from the Soviet Union to have him extradited. Even after the war, Guderian retained an affinity with Hitler and National Socialism. While interned by the Americans, his conversations were secretly taped. In one such recording, while conversing with former Field

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by 26 September. However, the campaign had been costly; the German forces had just half the tanks they had three months earlier. They were bogged down in a war of attrition for which the Wehrmacht was not prepared. Guderian's 2nd Panzer Group was in the worst shape; it had just 21 per cent of its

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as Hitler addressed Germany and Austria in celebration. Afterwards, he set about remedying the problems that the panzer force had encountered. In the last year before the outbreak of World War II, Guderian fostered a closer relationship with Hitler. He attended opera with the Führer and received

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and was subsequently told he may have to command the spearhead of the attack himself. He then complained about the lack of resources until he was given seven mechanized divisions with which to accomplish the task. The plan established a force for the penetration of the forest that comprised the

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After the war, Guderian claimed that his actions in the final months as head of the OKH were driven by a search for a solution to Germany's increasingly-bleak prospects. This was supposedly the rationale behind Guderian's plans to turn major urban centers along the Eastern Front into so-called

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The historian Russell Hart writes that Guderian supported the invasion because he "despised the Catholic, Slavic Poles who now occupied parts of his native, beloved Prussia". Foremost in his mind was the "liberation" of his former family estate at Gross-Klonia; Guderian ordered the advance on

903:. Guderian used the German concept of "leading forward", which required commanders to move to the battlefront and assess the situation. He made use of modern communication systems by travelling in a radio-equipped command vehicle with which he kept himself in contact with corps command. 1375:

obligatory throughout the armed forces. He supported the politicization of the military, but failed to see why other officers perceived him as a Nazi. As chief-of-staff of the OKH, Guderian did not object to the orders that Hitler and Himmler issued during the brutal suppression of the

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Kirchhoff). His father and grandfathers were Prussian officers and he grew up in garrison towns surrounded by the military. In 1903, he left home and enrolled at a military cadet school. He was a capable student, although he performed poorly in his final exam. He entered the army as an

1327:. Guderian himself denied any involvement with the plot; nevertheless, he had unexpectedly retired to his estate on the day of the assassination attempt. The court discharged those found guilty of participating in the plot from the armed forces so that they could be tried by the 1392:). This fantastical plan had no hope of succeeding against the mobile operations of the Red Army. In any event, most of the "fortresses" were poorly provisioned and staffed by older garrison troops. On 28 March, following the failed operation to retake the town of Küstrin (now 1412:. Despite the general's later claims of being anti-Nazi, Hitler most likely found Guderian's values to be closely aligned with Nazi ideology. Hitler brought him out of retirement in 1943 and especially appreciated the orders he issued in the aftermath of the failed plot. 1403:

Guderian cultivated close personal relationships with the most powerful people in the regime. He had an exclusive dinner with Himmler on Christmas Day, 1944. On 6 March 1945, shortly before the end of the war, Guderian participated in a propaganda broadcast that denied

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As head of the OKH, Guderian was faced with the pressing issues of the staff work being impacted by arrests, which among the OKH staff and their families eventually ran into the hundreds. Guderian had to fill serious gaps, such as one created by the suicide of General

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He requested a polemical tone that promoted the Mobile Troops Command and strategic mechanized warfare. In the resulting work, Guderian mixed academic lectures, a review of military history and armored warfare theory that partly relied on a 1934 book on the subject by

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lack of coordination among Allied troops. Hitler and his generals became overconfident after their historic victory, and came to believe they could defeat the Soviet Union: a country with significantly more natural resources, manpower and industrial capacity.

741:, a clandestine form of the army's General Staff, which had been forbidden by the Treaty of Versailles. By the autumn of 1928, he was a leading speaker on tanks; however, he did not set foot in one until the summer of 1929, when he briefly drove a Swedish 722:, an armed forces journal. While the topics covered were mundane, Guderian related them to why Germany had lost World War I, a controversial subject at the time, and thus raised his profile in the military. There were some trial maneuvers conducted in the 1017:

by that time the Allied forces rallied, offering stiff resistance. On 28 May, with his losses mounting, Guderian advised the abandonment of the armoured assault in favor of a traditional artillery-infantry operation. Guderian was then ordered to

1230:, had to be immediately taken aside and shot" – and that the order came directly from Guderian. Reporting to the OKW, Guderian is documented as saying his panzer group had "shunted off" 170 commissars by the beginning of August. 918:. In ten days Guderian's XIX Corps advanced 330 kilometres (210 mi), at times against strong resistance. The tank had proven itself to be a powerful weapon, with only 8 destroyed out of 350 employed. On 16 September, Guderian launched an 1183:. Guderian demanded an inquiry into the realities of tank warfare on the Eastern Front, eventually suggesting in November to senior German tank designers and manufacturers that the quickest solution was to produce a direct copy of the Soviet 4973: 1063:

he wrote that "the time has passed when the Russians had no instinct for technology" and that Germany would have to reckon "with the Eastern Question in a form more serious than ever before in history". However, during the planning for

1250:, Hitler appointed Guderian to the newly created position of Inspector General of Armoured Troops. The latter had successfully lobbied to be reinstated, resulting in the new posting. Guderian's responsibilities were to oversee the 1592:. Guderian wrote in his memoirs that he had been given a Polish estate as a retirement gift. Worth 1.24 million ℛ︁ℳ︁, the estate covered an area of 2,000 acres (810 ha) and it was located at Deipenhof (now 4993: 1198:, 125 km (78 mi) south of Moscow, achieved limited success, while Guderian vacillated between despair and optimism, depending on the situation at the front. Facing pressure from the German High Command, Field Marshal 814:. The mobilization was chaotic: tanks ran out of fuel or broke down and the combat value of the formation was non-existent. Had there been any real fighting Guderian would certainly have lost. He stood beside the Führer in 1368:. After the war, Guderian blamed Hitler for frittering away the last German reserves in the operation; nonetheless, Germany's strategic situation was such that even twenty or thirty extra divisions would not have helped. 3903:

Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des

1355:, in July. Even with vacancies filling up, a key problem remained: too many of the personnel were new to their roles and lacked institutional knowledge, including Guderian himself. Guderian relied heavily on Colonel 777:. Guderian's 3rd Motor Transport Battalion became the blueprint for the future German armored force. However, his role was less central than he claimed in his memoirs and that historians repeated in the postwar era. 3908:

The Knight's Cross Bearers 1939–1945 The Holders of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939 by Army, Air Force, Navy, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm and Allied Forces with Germany According to the Documents of the Federal

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shifted the weight of the armoured formations away from a head-on attack through the Low Countries to one through the Ardennes. Guderian confidently proclaimed the feasibility of taking armor through the hilly

914:. The next day, he shifted his corps across East Prussia to participate in the advance on Warsaw. On 9 September his corps was reinforced by 10 Panzer Division and he continued deeper into Poland, finishing at 589:". In his autobiography, Guderian portrayed himself as the sole originator of the German panzer force; he omitted any mentions of crimes that he authorised or condoned. Guderian died in 1954 and was buried in 745:. In October, 1928 he was transferred to the Motor Transport Instruction Staff to teach. In 1931, he was promoted to lieutenant-colonel and became chief of staff to the Inspectorate of Motorized Troops under 1068:—the German invasion of the Soviet Union—he had become optimistic about the supposed superiority of German arms. By May, 1941 Guderian had accepted Hitler's official position that Operation Barbarossa was a 757: 1519:

theorist and commentator. He asked Guderian to say that he had based his military theories on Liddell Hart's; Guderian obliged. Liddell Hart, in turn, became an advocate for West German rearmament.

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By 5 September, XIX Corps had linked up with forces advancing west from East Prussia. Guderian had accomplished his first operational victory and he gave a tour of the battlefield to Hitler and

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because there was no substantial documentary evidence against him at that time. He answered questions from the Allied forces and denied being an ardent supporter of Nazism. He joined the

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In early 1943, Adolf Hitler appointed Guderian to the newly created position of Inspector General of Armoured Troops. In this role, he had broad responsibility to rebuild and train new

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Guderian was involved in the strategic debates that preceded the invasion of France and the Low Countries. The plan was being developed by his classmate at the 1907 War Academy,

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Guderian reviews the development of armoured forces in the European nations and Soviet Russia, and describes what he felt was essential for the effective use of armoured forces.

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Germany was already heading to inevitable defeat, and Guderian could not shape the military situation nor Hitler's strategic decisions. Hitler placed Guderian in charge of the "

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Guderian was placed in charge of the "Court of Honour" by Hitler, which in the aftermath of the plot was used to dismiss people from the military so they could be tried in the "

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Guderian surrendered to the United States forces on 10 May 1945 and was interned until 1948. He was released without charge and retired to write his memoirs. Entitled

1262:. The military failures of 1943 prevented Guderian from restoring combat power to the armored forces to any significant degree. He had limited success with improved 1593: 4726: 1600:. The occupants had been evicted. Guderian also did not mention that he had initially requested an estate three times larger, but he was turned down by the local 1335:

and executed by hanging. Some plotters were hanged by a thin hemp rope, by Hitler's direct orders, so that they slowly strangled to death after a lengthy agony.

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that Guderian was an excellent general, a first-rate tactician and a man who played a central role in developing Panzer divisions, irrespective of his memoirs.

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was given a life sentence. Guderian had informed on his ex-colleagues and co-operated with the Allies, which had helped him evade prosecution. He retired to

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Guderian completed the total Nazification of the army general staff with a 29 July order that demanded that all officers join the party. He also made the

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Corps. Guderian finished the war as an operations officer in occupied Italy. He disagreed with Germany signing the armistice in 1918, believing that the

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At the outbreak of World War I, Guderian served as a communications officer and the commander of a radio station. In November, 1914 he was promoted to

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was a success with the reading public. He cast himself as an innovator and the "father" of the German panzer arm, both before the war and during the

810:. Lutz was dismissed and replaced by Guderian. In the spring of that year, Guderian had his first experience of commanding a panzer force during the 4978: 4983: 1891: 4239: 1584:

Like other generals, Guderian's memoirs emphasized his loyalty to Germany and the German people; however, he neglected to mention that Hitler

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on 27 January 1908, receiving his patent backdated to 22 June 1906. On 1 October 1913 he married Margarete Goerne, with whom he had two sons:

585:, the autobiography became a bestseller, widely read to this day. Guderian's writings promoted several post-war myths, including that of the " 4190: 4167: 4139: 4116: 4097: 4071: 4045: 4022: 3990: 3967: 3927: 3916: 3891: 3853: 3783: 3764: 3743: 3724: 3703: 3640: 3614: 3550: 3518: 3488: 942: 1585: 1531:

were a critical and commercial success upon publication and continue to be discussed, researched and analysed many years after his death.

1470:. He remained an ardent German nationalist for the rest of his life. Guderian died on 14 May 1954 at the age of 65 and is buried at the 923: 237: 1604:, with support from Himmler. The Gauleiter balked at giving such an opulent estate to someone with the rank of only a Colonel-General. 3682: 691:

units in the defense of Germany's eastern frontiers against Polish (who were not attacking Germany) and Soviet forces engaged in the

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writes that English-speaking historians too readily presented a distorted image of German generals in the post-war era. In his book

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but saw limited success due to Germany's worsening war economy. Guderian was appointed Acting Chief of the General Staff of the

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Guderian was released from internment in 1948. Many of his peers were ill-fated. Von Manstein was sentenced to 18 years and

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Guderian's memoirs remain popular. The favourable descriptions started with the British journalist and military theorist

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army back in the 1930s. The latter months of 1944 were marked by the ever-increasing strife between the OKH and the OKW (

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rally in November, 1944, Guderian said that there were "95 million National Socialists who stand behind Adolf Hitler".

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Guderian and his staff surrendered to US forces on 10 May 1945. He avoided being convicted as a war criminal at the

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against the civilian population. In his memoirs, Guderian denied having given the Commissar Order. However, General

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and Guderian academically evaluated the results. Britain was experimenting with armoured units under General

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Gross-Klonia at night and through fog, leading to what he subsequently admitted were "serious casualties".

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on 15 November 1915. He was then sent to the 4th Infantry Division before becoming commander of the Second

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command was one of Germany's six panzer divisions; Guderian's corps controlled 14.5 per cent of Germany's

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tanks in working order. In mid-September, he was ordered to make a drive for Moscow. On 30 September the

1111:. Guderian was awarded a Knight's Cross with Oak Leaves on 17 July 1941. Following the conclusion of the 794: 4849: 1547: 1352: 1151: 453: 4650: 4493: 3837: 3624: 1154:. Owing to the 2nd Panzer Group's southward turn during the battle, the Wehrmacht destroyed the entire 4711: 4918: 4913: 4743: 4433: 4333: 3871: 3815: 1806: 1723: 1620: 1597: 1466: 1393: 1308:

with the responsibility of advising Hitler on the Eastern Front. He replaced General of the Infantry

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In 1927, Guderian was promoted to major and in October he was posted to the transport section of the

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The Knight's Cross Bearers of the German Wehrmacht 1939–1945 Part VIIIa: Panzer Force Volume 2: F–H

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During the invasion, the German military mistreated and killed prisoners of war, ignoring both the

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largest concentration of German armor to that date: 1,112 out of Germany's total of 2,438 tanks.

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and the training of Germany's panzer forces. He established a collaborative relationship with

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Die Ritterkreuzträger der Deutschen Wehrmacht 1939–1945 Teil VIIIa: Panzertruppe Band 2: F–H

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in 1957. As late as 2002, for the 55th anniversary of the first publication of the book,

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Early in 1919, Guderian was selected as one of the four thousand officers allowed by the

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and became closely associated with the Nazis. Guderian's troops carried out the criminal

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who, after the war, became a successful memoirist. An early pioneer and advocate of the "

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Guderian was a capable tactician and technician, leading his troops successfully in the

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concept and a doctrine of mechanized offensive warfare that would later become known as

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nor the atrocities being perpetrated against the civilian population of the city. At a

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in a half-track being used as a mobile command center during the Battle of France, 1940

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Der Panzer und die Mechanisierung des Krieges: Eine deutsche Geschichte 1890 bis 1945

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and during the early stages of the invasion of the Soviet Union: especially in the

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during Barbarossa, and he was implicated in the commission of reprisals after the

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The German formations on the Eastern Front ubiquitously implemented the criminal

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Wehrmacht Generals, West German Society, and the Debate on Rearmament, 1949–1959

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In the 1930s, Guderian played a significant role in the development of both the

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This article is about the World War II general Heinz Guderian. For his son, see

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Nazi Policy on the Eastern Front, 1941: Total War, Genocide, and Radicalization

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Dreamer of the day: Francis Parker Yockey and the Postwar Fascist International

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The Myth of the Eastern Front: The Nazi-Soviet War in American Popular Culture

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and other outlets published positive reviews, reinforcing the tenets of the

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War Made New: Technology, Warfare, and the Course of History, 1500 to Today

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In 1938, Hitler purged the army of personnel who were unsympathetic to the

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in his biography eulogized Guderian, inflating his true accomplishments.

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described the book as one of the best written by former German generals.

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was highly interested in using Guderian to rally the German right to the

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Guderian's corps spearheaded the drive through the Ardennes and over the

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and its allies, while also writing that the defendants executed at the

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territory (which included his birthplace of Kulm), then travel through

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on 28 February 1907 with the 10th Hanoverian Light Infantry Battalion (

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concept of territorial expansion and the destruction of the supposed

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and their own army regulations. Guderian's corps withdrew before the

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In the 1920s, Guderian was introduced to armored warfare tactics by

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Enemy in the East: Hitler's Secret Plans to Invade the Soviet Union

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The Roots of Blitzkrieg: Hans von Seeckt and German Military Reform

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The Roots of Blitzkrieg: Hans von Seeckt and German Military Reform

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in Poland), Guderian was sent on leave. He was replaced by General

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Recipients of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves

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German prisoners of war in World War II held by the United States

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Royal Hungarian War Memorial Medal with Swords (14 January 1937)

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on 9 June and finished on 17 June with the encirclement of the

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concept. In 1936, he became the Inspector of Motorized Troops.

495:" approach, he played a central role in the development of the 487:; 17 June 1888 – 14 May 1954) was a German general during 1727:, spotlighted Guderian in a featured game of the month called 1343:, because Speidel could have implicated Guderian in the plot. 875:

During August, 1939 Guderian took command of the newly formed

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The Bearers of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939–1945

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Guderian became the Acting Chief of the General Staff of the

1175:, part of the 2nd Panzer Group, suffered a severe setback at 3911:] (in German). Jena, Germany: Scherzers Miltaer-Verlag. 3200: 3198: 3196: 3171: 3169: 3132: 3130: 3086: 3084: 2643: 2641: 2580: 2578: 2217: 2215: 1445:, Guderian opined: "The fundamental principles were fine". 514:, he commanded the armoured units that attacked through the 3629:

Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945

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for the Wehrmacht's military reverses, as he later did in

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At the beginning of the Second World War, Guderian led an

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Blitzkrieg Unleashed: The German Invasion of Poland, 1939

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During the autumn of 1936, Lutz asked Guderian to write

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War Memorial Medal with Swords (Austria) (9 March 1937)

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and fixing flaws in the third generation of tanks, the

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14. On 28 February 1918, Guderian was appointed to the

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Operation Barbarossa and Germany's Defeat in the East

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Hitler's Soldiers: The German Army in the Third Reich

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Operation Barbarossa and Germany's Defeat in the East

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Guderian being transported to the Eastern Front, 1943

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Kiev 1941: Hitler's Battle for Supremacy in the East

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A postcard used to publicize Guderian during the war

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German December, 1944 offensive on the Western Front

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Thunder in the East: the Nazi–Soviet War, 1941–1945

2011: 2009: 1190:By November, the attack by the 2nd Panzer Group on 373: 351: 341: 333: 315: 270: 265: 255: 243: 233: 214: 191: 167: 130: 125: 109: 97: 87: 64: 41: 3753:Kreike, Emmanuel; Jordan, William Chester (2004). 3502: 518:forest and overwhelmed the Allied defenses at the 3542:The Wehrmacht Retreats: Fighting a Lost War, 1943 1811:. Da Capo Press Reissue edition, 2001. New York: 761:Guderian helped develop panzer divisions and the 3759:. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester Press. 1926:Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves 1607:In 1950, Guderian published a pamphlet entitled 1464:and began writing. His most successful book was 1246:On 1 March 1943, after the German defeat in the 1202:finally committed the weaker south flank of his 1146:and 2nd Panzer Groups had completed the largest 823:, in his policy of appeasement, gave Hitler the 238:Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves 4949:Colonel generals of the German Army (Wehrmacht) 1091:began its offensive on 22 June by crossing the 3480:Heinz Guderian: Leadership, Strategy, Conflict 869:German–Soviet military parade in Brest-Litovsk 4727: 4247: 3822:. Lawrence, Kansas: Kansas University Press. 3375: 3360: 3324: 3288: 3252: 3075: 2986: 2908: 1936:and commanding general of the XIX. Army Corps 1258:regarding the manufacture and development of 1142:By 15 September, German forces including the 1051:Guderian inspecting a panzer regiment during 891:. His task was to advance through the former 8: 3545:. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas. 3264: 1870:with Swords (Württemberg) (15 December 1915) 626:) , under his father's command. He became a 3204: 3187: 3175: 3148: 3136: 3090: 3063: 2671: 2647: 2584: 2506: 2482: 2386: 2362: 2221: 2073: 2042: 2000: 4954:People of the Estonian War of Independence 4734: 4720: 4712: 4254: 4240: 4232: 3460: 3448: 2596: 2410: 2085: 1029:defences and the remaining French forces. 49: 38: 3483:. United Kingdom: Osprey Publishing Ltd. 4109:Von Manstein, A Portrait: The Janus Head 3436: 3312: 3300: 3010: 2998: 2971: 2944: 2932: 2920: 2785: 2731: 2143: 1339:fought to save Rommel's chief of staff, 1323:for those accused of involvement in the 1162:, inflicting over 600,000 losses on the 1072:. He had accepted some core elements of 957:Invasion of France and the Low Countries 3695:Guderian: Panzer Pioneer or Myth Maker? 3421: 3404: 2860: 2518: 2446: 1972: 1892:Honour Cross of the World War 1914/1918 1827:Originally published in German, titled 703:) as its second General Staff officer. 649:during this period and was promoted to 3348: 3336: 3160: 3121: 2833: 2821: 2809: 2719: 2707: 2695: 2632: 2620: 2608: 2554: 2542: 2530: 2284: 2272: 1842:, Heidelberg 1950; 10th edition 1977). 883:which began on 1 September. Under his 542:, after which Guderian was dismissed. 3240: 2758: 2743: 1930:Knight's Cross on 27 October 1939 as 1769:With the Panzers in the East and West 681:in the reduced-size German army, the 482: 83:21 July 1944 – 28 March 1945 7: 4944:Military personnel from West Prussia 4939:German Army personnel of World War I 3979:France, 1940: Blitzkrieg in the West 3677:] (in Polish). Warsaw: Bellona. 3276: 3228: 3216: 3109: 3051: 3034: 3022: 2959: 2889: 2877: 2848: 2797: 2773: 2683: 2659: 2569: 2494: 2470: 2458: 2434: 2422: 2398: 2374: 2350: 2338: 2326: 2311: 2299: 2260: 2245: 2233: 2206: 2194: 2182: 2167: 2155: 2131: 2112: 2097: 2054: 2027: 2015: 1979: 1747:(reissue ed.). Sterling Press. 1623:from the Eastern territories by the 1234:Inspector General of Armoured Troops 4860:Chiefs of the general staff of the 4808:Chiefs of the general staff of the 4756:Chiefs of general staff of the Army 3698:. Washington, D.C.: Potomac Books. 3564:. Brooklyn, New York: Autonomedia. 1939:24th Oak Leaves on 17 July 1941 as 1879:2nd Class with Swords (1 July 1935) 1008:(BEF) and French forces trapped at 484:[haɪntsˈvɪlhɛlmɡuˈdeːʁi.an] 4162:. Paderborn: Ferdinand Schöningh. 3776:The First Day on the Eastern Front 3656:Можно ли защитить Западную Европу? 3652:Kann Westeuropa verteidigt werden? 3609:. UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 3606:Nazi Germany Confronting the Myths 1786:Kann Westeuropa verteidigt werden? 1505:Guderian's post-war autobiography 1284:Acting Chief of Army General Staff 871:after the invasion of Poland, 1939 753:Panzer Division and mobile warfare 634:(1914–2004) and Kurt (1918–1984). 25: 3670:Blitzkrieg w Polsce wrzesien 1939 1656:had "liberated" Soviet citizens. 1598:Warthegau area of occupied Poland 1099:. The combined forces of 2nd and 669:should have continued the fight. 4929:20th-century Freikorps personnel 4924:20th-century German male writers 4507: 4502: 4497: 4492: 4219: 4207: 4111:. UK: Helion & Company Ltd. 3778:. Connecticut: Stackpole Books. 1771:]. Volk & Reich Verlag. 1481:After the Second World War, the 924:Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 827:, it was occupied by Guderian's 301: 288: 275: 247: 4979:German male non-fiction writers 1790:Can Western Europe Be Defended? 1765:Mit Den Panzern in Ost und West 1586:bought this loyalty with bribes 1296:, and Himmler (at podium) at a 1021:. The offensive started at the 710:Guderian, left, in Sweden, 1929 204: 4984:20th-century German memoirists 3800:. Hodder Arnold. p. 502. 3588:. University Press of Kansas. 1945:and commander-in-chief of the 1708:The New York Times Book Review 1635:) were "defenders of Europe". 1012:. A British counter-attack at 1: 3884:University of Rochester Press 1920:1st Class (13 September 1939) 1858:2nd Class (17 September 1914) 1648:The Myth of the Eastern Front 899:before heading south towards 3820:Inside Hitler's High Command 3667:Hargreaves, Richard (2009). 3654:. Translation into Russian ( 1917:2nd Class (5 September 1939) 1908:1st Class (21 November 1939) 1883:Wehrmacht Long Service Award 1472:Friedhof Hildesheimer Straße 1300:militia rally, October, 1944 1037:Invasion of the Soviet Union 819:invitations to dinner. When 697:Estonian War of Independence 553:, immediately following the 407:Estonian War of Independence 4364:Kurt von Hammerstein-Equord 3603:Epstein, Catherine (2015). 1861:1st Class (8 November 1916) 1829:Erinnerungen eines Soldaten 1704:myth of the clean Wehrmacht 1562:Myth of the clean Wehrmacht 1483:Central Intelligence Agency 1434:US Army Historical Division 1019:advance to the Swiss border 1006:British Expeditionary Force 5010: 4090:Cambridge University Press 4064:Cambridge University Press 4038:Cambridge University Press 4015:Cambridge University Press 3944:10.1177/096834459800500304 3477:Battistelli, Pier (2011). 1885:1st Class (1 October 1936) 1874:Saxe-Ernestine House Order 1565: 1443:Leo Geyr von Schweppenburg 1362:Oberkommando der Wehrmacht 1095:and advancing towards the 1040: 960: 889:armoured fighting vehicles 843: 597:Early life and World War I 66:Chief of the General Staff 29: 27:German general (1888–1954) 4889: 4636:Hans-Georg von Friedeburg 4490: 4459:Eugen Ritter von Schobert 4158:Pöhlmann, Markus (2016). 3962:. Yale University Press. 3692:Hart, Russell A. (2006). 3376:Smelser & Davies 2008 3361:Smelser & Davies 2008 3325:Smelser & Davies 2008 3289:Smelser & Davies 2008 3253:Smelser & Davies 2008 3076:Smelser & Davies 2008 2987:Smelser & Davies 2008 2909:Smelser & Davies 2008 1831:(Memories of a Soldier) ( 1260:armored fighting vehicles 1171:began. On 4 October, the 943:ethnic cleansing campaign 469: 444:Battle of Białystok–Minsk 121: 76: 60: 48: 4474:Heinrich von Vietinghoff 4329:Nikolaus von Falkenhorst 4126:Wegmann, Günter (2009). 3736:Hitler. 1936–45: Nemesis 3650:Guderian, Heinz (1954). 3625:Fellgiebel, Walther-Peer 3265:Kreike & Jordan 2004 2722:, pp. 235–237, 250. 1933:General der Panzertruppe 1866:Knight 2nd class of the 1805:Guderian, Heinz (1952). 1784:Guderian, Heinz (1950). 1763:Guderian, Heinz (1942). 1741:Guderian, Heinz (1937). 1631:(for war crimes such as 1059:In Guderian's 1937 book 801:Ludwig von Eimannsberger 695:in conjunction with the 71:German Army High Command 4969:German military writers 4964:Prussian Army personnel 4177:Searle, Alaric (2003). 3977:Shepperd, Alan (1990). 3926:Searle, Alaric (1998). 3901:Scherzer, Veit (2007). 2698:, p. 186−189, 228. 1912:Clasp to the Iron Cross 1609:Can Europe Be Defended? 1439:Wilhelm Ritter von Leeb 920:attack on Brest Litovsk 557:to assassinate Hitler. 4424:Eberhard von Mackensen 4224:Quotations related to 4107:Stein, Marcel (2007). 4032:Stahel, David (2009). 3774:Luther, Craig (2019). 3738:. London: Allen Lane. 3560:Coogan, Kevin (1999). 1792:]. Plesse-Verlag. 1679: 1493:Writings and mythology 1425: 1357:Johann von Kielmansegg 1301: 1243: 1056: 976: 951:Heinz Günther Guderian 872: 766: 711: 530:, the invasion of the 476:Heinz Wilhelm Guderian 135:Heinz Wilhelm Guderian 32:Heinz Günther Guderian 4304:Hans-Jürgen von Arnim 4060:The Battle for Moscow 3950:on 24 September 2021. 3816:Megargee, Geoffrey P. 3734:Kershaw, Ian (2000). 3713:Keegan, John (1989). 1833:Kurt Vowinckel Verlag 1729:Panzergruppe Guderian 1717:In 1976, the leading 1677: 1423: 1353:quartermaster general 1291: 1241: 1050: 970: 853: 812:annexation of Austria 760: 709: 601:Guderian was born in 334:Years of service 55:Guderian in July 1941 4959:Reichswehr personnel 4744:German General Staff 4682:Oberst-Gruppenführer 4434:Georg-Hans Reinhardt 4216:at Wikimedia Commons 3719:. New York: Viking. 3716:The Second World War 1724:Strategy and Tactics 1416:Later life and death 1248:Battle of Stalingrad 1066:Operation Barbarossa 1053:Operation Barbarossa 1043:Operation Barbarossa 856:Mauritz von Wiktorin 528:Operation Barbarossa 439:Operation Barbarossa 320:Imperial German Army 4934:People from Chełmno 4829:Hans-Jürgen Stumpff 4582:Hans-Jürgen Stumpff 4314:Johannes Blaskowitz 3838:Müller, Rolf-Dieter 3351:, pp. 443–444. 3327:, pp. 104–106. 3291:, pp. 109–110. 3255:, pp. 106–107. 3163:, pp. 327–357. 3078:, pp. 108–109. 3001:, pp. 497–498. 2989:, pp. 107–108. 2947:, pp. 224–255. 2935:, pp. 214–215. 2710:, pp. 229–230. 2635:, pp. 101–102. 2611:, pp. 192–194. 1554:writes in his book 1544:advance to Smolensk 1441:and former General 1410:extermination camps 1173:4th Panzer Division 829:XVI Motorized Corps 821:Neville Chamberlain 645:. He fought at the 356:2nd Panzer Division 4989:Military theorists 4651:Alfred Saalwächter 4404:Hans-Valentin Hube 4394:Karl-Adolf Hollidt 4339:Werner von Fritsch 4324:Friedrich Dollmann 4183:Praeger Publishers 1692:The New York Times 1680: 1670:In popular culture 1590:ℛ︁ℳ︁ 1536:Invasion of Poland 1516:B. H. Liddell Hart 1426: 1302: 1244: 1156:Southwestern Front 1113:Battle of Smolensk 1074:National Socialism 1057: 981:Erich von Manstein 977: 881:invasion of Poland 873: 858:(left) and Soviet 846:Invasion of Poland 840:Invasion of Poland 767: 743:Stridsvagn m/21-29 712: 538:failed to capture 512:Invasion of France 508:Invasion of Poland 449:Battle of Smolensk 422:Invasion of Poland 4896: 4895: 4824:Albert Kesselring 4709: 4708: 4646:Wilhelm Marschall 4374:Gotthard Heinrici 4334:Johannes Frießner 4212:Media related to 4192:978-0-275-97968-3 4169:978-3-506-78355-4 4141:978-3-7648-2389-4 4118:978-1-906033-02-6 4099:978-1-107-01459-6 4073:978-1-107-08760-6 4047:978-0-521-76847-4 4036:. Cambridge, UK: 4024:978-0-521-83365-3 4005:Davies, Edward J. 3992:978-0-85045-958-6 3983:Osprey Publishing 3969:978-0-300-17903-3 3918:978-3-938845-17-2 3893:978-1-58046-407-9 3855:978-1-78076-829-8 3785:978-0-8117-6765-1 3766:978-1-58046-173-3 3756:Corrupt Histories 3745:978-0-14-027239-0 3726:978-0-670-82359-8 3705:978-1-59797-453-0 3642:978-3-7909-0284-6 3616:978-1-118-29479-6 3552:978-0-7006-1826-2 3537:Citino, Robert M. 3520:978-1-59240-222-9 3490:978-1-84908-366-9 3279:, pp. 82–83. 2776:, pp. 86–87. 2746:, pp. 83–84. 2209:, pp. 38–39. 2170:, pp. 28–29. 2158:, pp. 27–28. 2146:, pp. 10–11. 2100:, pp. 16–17. 1906:Order of St. Sava 1744:Achtung – Panzer! 1684:B.H. Liddell Hart 1653:Barbarossa Decree 1596:, Poland) in the 1450:Albert Kesselring 1394:Kostrzyn nad Odrą 1388:fortress cities ( 1306:Army High Command 1292:Guderian (left), 1278:Operation Citadel 1216:Barbarossa Decree 1200:Günther von Kluge 1137:Army Group Centre 1101:3rd Panzer Groups 1070:preemptive strike 1061:Achtung – Panzer! 971:Guderian with an 935:Geneva Convention 865:Semyon Krivoshein 795:Achtung – Panzer! 693:Russian Civil War 679:Versailles Treaty 628:second lieutenant 624:-Bataillon Nr. 10 551:Army High Command 536:Operation Typhoon 473: 472: 399:Russian Civil War 16:(Redirected from 5001: 4736: 4729: 4722: 4713: 4511: 4506: 4501: 4496: 4449:Hans von Salmuth 4268:General Admirals 4264:Colonel Generals 4256: 4249: 4242: 4233: 4223: 4211: 4196: 4181:. Westport, CT: 4173: 4145: 4122: 4103: 4077: 4051: 4028: 3996: 3973: 3951: 3946:. 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Davies 1629:Nuremberg trials 1573:carried out the 1540:Battle of France 1462:Southern Bavaria 1430:Nuremberg Trials 1424:Guderian's grave 1224:Joachim Lemelsen 1169:Battle of Moscow 1150:in history: the 1089:2nd Panzer Group 963:Battle of France 908:Heinrich Himmler 835:Second World War 647:Battle of Verdun 639:first lieutenant 486: 481: 459:Battle of Moscow 427:Battle of France 390:Battle of Verdun 307: 305: 304: 294: 292: 291: 281: 279: 278: 266:Military service 251: 208: 206: 197:Margarete Goerne 174: 144: 142: 126:Personal details 112: 100: 81: 53: 39: 21: 18:General Guderian 5009: 5008: 5004: 5003: 5002: 5000: 4999: 4998: 4899: 4898: 4897: 4892: 4885: 4871:Otto Schniewind 4854: 4834:Hans Jeschonnek 4802: 4779:Adolf Heusinger 4750: 4740: 4710: 4705: 4685: 4675: 4666:Walter Warzecha 4656:Otto Schniewind 4621:Conrad Albrecht 4610: 4604: 4602:General Admiral 4596: 4547:Hans Jeschonnek 4526: 4520: 4518:Colonel General 4512: 4488: 4439:Lothar Rendulic 4419:Georg Lindemann 4344:Friedrich Fromm 4288: 4282: 4280:Colonel General 4274: 4260: 4204: 4199: 4193: 4176: 4170: 4157: 4153: 4151:Further reading 4148: 4142: 4125: 4119: 4106: 4100: 4080: 4074: 4054: 4048: 4031: 4025: 4001:Smelser, Ronald 3999: 3993: 3976: 3970: 3954: 3925: 3919: 3900: 3894: 3872:Jeff Rutherford 3862: 3856: 3836: 3830: 3814: 3808: 3792: 3786: 3773: 3767: 3752: 3746: 3733: 3727: 3712: 3706: 3691: 3685: 3666: 3649: 3643: 3623: 3617: 3602: 3596: 3578: 3572: 3559: 3553: 3535: 3521: 3497: 3491: 3476: 3472: 3467: 3461:Fellgiebel 2000 3459: 3455: 3449:Fellgiebel 2000 3447: 3443: 3435: 3428: 3420: 3411: 3403: 3382: 3374: 3367: 3359: 3355: 3347: 3343: 3335: 3331: 3323: 3319: 3311: 3307: 3299: 3295: 3287: 3283: 3275: 3271: 3263: 3259: 3251: 3247: 3239: 3235: 3227: 3223: 3215: 3211: 3203: 3194: 3186: 3182: 3174: 3167: 3159: 3155: 3147: 3143: 3135: 3128: 3120: 3116: 3108: 3097: 3089: 3082: 3074: 3070: 3062: 3058: 3050: 3041: 3033: 3029: 3021: 3017: 3009: 3005: 2997: 2993: 2985: 2978: 2970: 2966: 2958: 2951: 2943: 2939: 2931: 2927: 2919: 2915: 2907: 2896: 2888: 2884: 2876: 2867: 2859: 2855: 2847: 2840: 2832: 2828: 2820: 2816: 2808: 2804: 2796: 2792: 2784: 2780: 2772: 2765: 2757: 2750: 2742: 2738: 2730: 2726: 2718: 2714: 2706: 2702: 2694: 2690: 2686:, pp. 3–4. 2682: 2678: 2670: 2666: 2658: 2654: 2646: 2639: 2631: 2627: 2619: 2615: 2607: 2603: 2597:Fellgiebel 2000 2595: 2591: 2583: 2576: 2568: 2561: 2553: 2549: 2541: 2537: 2529: 2525: 2517: 2513: 2505: 2501: 2493: 2489: 2481: 2477: 2469: 2465: 2457: 2453: 2445: 2441: 2433: 2429: 2421: 2417: 2411:Fellgiebel 2000 2409: 2405: 2397: 2393: 2385: 2381: 2373: 2369: 2361: 2357: 2349: 2345: 2337: 2333: 2325: 2318: 2310: 2306: 2298: 2291: 2283: 2279: 2271: 2267: 2259: 2252: 2244: 2240: 2232: 2228: 2220: 2213: 2205: 2201: 2193: 2189: 2181: 2174: 2166: 2162: 2154: 2150: 2142: 2138: 2130: 2119: 2111: 2104: 2096: 2092: 2086:Hargreaves 2009 2084: 2080: 2072: 2061: 2053: 2049: 2041: 2034: 2026: 2022: 2014: 2007: 1999: 1986: 1978: 1974: 1970: 1957: 1902:(13 March 1938) 1900:Anschluss Medal 1868:Friedrich Order 1849: 1835: 1823: 1804: 1783: 1762: 1755: 1740: 1737: 1712:Kenneth Macksey 1672: 1579:Warsaw Uprising 1575:Commissar Order 1570: 1568:Clean Wehrmacht 1564: 1525:Achtung-Panzer! 1503: 1495: 1418: 1378:Warsaw Uprising 1286: 1264:tank destroyers 1236: 1212:Commissar Order 1135:, commander of 1082:Judeo-Bolshevik 1045: 1039: 1002:Battle of Sedan 990:Ardennes Forest 965: 959: 848: 842: 837: 783:Walther Nehring 771:panzer division 755: 720:Military Weekly 716:Ernst Volckheim 675: 673:Interwar period 599: 587:clean Wehrmacht 574:Warsaw Uprising 570:Commissar Order 524:2nd Panzer Army 520:Battle of Sedan 497:panzer division 479: 465: 432:Battle of Sedan 413: 396: 368:2nd Panzer Army 366: 362: 358: 326: 322: 302: 300: 299: 296:Weimar Republic 289: 287: 286: 276: 274: 261:Hammering Heinz 260: 259:Schneller Heinz 229: 210: 207: 1913) 202: 198: 176: 172: 146: 140: 138: 137: 136: 110: 104:Adolf Heusinger 98: 82: 77: 68: 56: 44: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5007: 5005: 4997: 4996: 4991: 4986: 4981: 4976: 4971: 4966: 4961: 4956: 4951: 4946: 4941: 4936: 4931: 4926: 4921: 4916: 4911: 4909:Heinz Guderian 4901: 4900: 4894: 4893: 4890: 4887: 4886: 4884: 4883: 4881:Wilhelm Meisel 4878: 4873: 4867: 4865: 4856: 4855: 4853: 4852: 4847: 4841: 4839:Günther Korten 4836: 4831: 4826: 4821: 4815: 4813: 4804: 4803: 4801: 4800: 4794: 4788: 4785:Heinz Guderian 4782: 4776: 4771: 4766: 4760: 4758: 4752: 4751: 4742:Chiefs of the 4741: 4739: 4738: 4731: 4724: 4716: 4707: 4706: 4704: 4703: 4698: 4692: 4690: 4677: 4676: 4674: 4673: 4668: 4663: 4658: 4653: 4648: 4643: 4638: 4633: 4628: 4623: 4617: 4615: 4607:Generaladmiral 4598: 4597: 4595: 4594: 4589: 4584: 4579: 4574: 4569: 4567:Alexander Löhr 4564: 4559: 4557:Günther Korten 4554: 4549: 4544: 4542:Ulrich Grauert 4539: 4533: 4531: 4514: 4513: 4491: 4489: 4487: 4486: 4481: 4476: 4471: 4466: 4461: 4456: 4454:Rudolf Schmidt 4451: 4446: 4441: 4436: 4431: 4426: 4421: 4416: 4411: 4409:Erwin Jaenecke 4406: 4401: 4396: 4391: 4386: 4381: 4376: 4371: 4366: 4361: 4356: 4351: 4349:Heinz Guderian 4346: 4341: 4336: 4331: 4326: 4321: 4316: 4311: 4306: 4301: 4295: 4293: 4276: 4275: 4261: 4259: 4258: 4251: 4244: 4236: 4230: 4229: 4226:Heinz Guderian 4217: 4214:Heinz Guderian 4203: 4202:External links 4200: 4198: 4197: 4191: 4174: 4168: 4154: 4152: 4149: 4147: 4146: 4140: 4123: 4117: 4104: 4098: 4078: 4072: 4052: 4046: 4029: 4023: 3997: 3991: 3981:. Oxford, UK: 3974: 3968: 3952: 3938:(3): 327–357. 3932:War in History 3923: 3917: 3904:Bundesarchives 3898: 3892: 3860: 3854: 3834: 3828: 3812: 3806: 3794:Mawdsley, Evan 3790: 3784: 3771: 3765: 3750: 3744: 3731: 3725: 3710: 3704: 3689: 3684:978-8311115774 3683: 3664: 3647: 3641: 3621: 3615: 3600: 3594: 3576: 3570: 3557: 3551: 3533: 3519: 3495: 3489: 3473: 3471: 3468: 3466: 3465: 3453: 3451:, p. 206. 3441: 3439:, p. 354. 3426: 3424:, p. 205. 3409: 3407:, p. 204. 3380: 3378:, p. 191. 3365: 3363:, p. 133. 3353: 3341: 3339:, p. 443. 3329: 3317: 3305: 3293: 3281: 3269: 3267:, p. 123. 3257: 3245: 3243:, p. 138. 3233: 3231:, p. 117. 3221: 3219:, p. 116. 3209: 3192: 3180: 3165: 3153: 3141: 3126: 3124:, p. 393. 3114: 3112:, p. 115. 3095: 3080: 3068: 3056: 3054:, p. 114. 3039: 3037:, p. 112. 3027: 3025:, p. 110. 3015: 3013:, p. 515. 3003: 2991: 2976: 2974:, p. 487. 2964: 2962:, p. 105. 2949: 2937: 2925: 2923:, p. 470. 2913: 2911:, p. 107. 2894: 2882: 2880:, p. 104. 2865: 2863:, p. 650. 2853: 2851:, p. 103. 2838: 2836:, p. 127. 2826: 2824:, p. 125. 2814: 2812:, p. 117. 2802: 2790: 2788:, p. 327. 2778: 2763: 2761:, p. 254. 2748: 2736: 2734:, p. 107. 2724: 2712: 2700: 2688: 2676: 2664: 2652: 2637: 2625: 2623:, p. 253. 2613: 2601: 2589: 2574: 2559: 2547: 2545:, p. 144. 2535: 2523: 2521:, p. 131. 2511: 2499: 2487: 2475: 2463: 2451: 2449:, p. 126. 2439: 2427: 2415: 2413:, p. 171. 2403: 2391: 2379: 2367: 2355: 2343: 2331: 2316: 2304: 2289: 2287:, p. 137. 2277: 2275:, p. 136. 2265: 2250: 2238: 2226: 2211: 2199: 2187: 2172: 2160: 2148: 2136: 2117: 2102: 2090: 2078: 2059: 2047: 2032: 2020: 2005: 1984: 1982:, p. 223. 1971: 1969: 1966: 1965: 1964: 1956: 1953: 1952: 1951: 1950: 1949: 1937: 1923: 1922: 1921: 1918: 1909: 1903: 1897: 1894: 1889: 1886: 1880: 1871: 1864: 1863: 1862: 1859: 1848: 1845: 1844: 1843: 1821: 1802: 1781: 1760: 1753: 1736: 1733: 1700:The New Yorker 1671: 1668: 1639:Ronald Smelser 1613:Russian winter 1566:Main article: 1563: 1560: 1548:Battle of Kiev 1502: 1496: 1494: 1491: 1417: 1414: 1329:People's Court 1321:kangaroo court 1285: 1282: 1235: 1232: 1152:Battle of Kiev 1133:Fedor von Bock 1055:, August, 1941 1041:Main article: 1038: 1035: 973:Enigma machine 961:Main article: 958: 955: 949:from his son, 910:, head of the 877:XIX Army Corps 854:Guderian with 844:Main article: 841: 838: 836: 833: 787:Hermann Breith 754: 751: 674: 671: 598: 595: 562:People's Court 504:armoured corps 471: 470: 467: 466: 464: 463: 462: 461: 456: 454:Battle of Kiev 451: 446: 436: 435: 434: 424: 412: 411: 410: 409: 395: 394: 393: 392: 377: 375: 371: 370: 364:XIX Army Corps 360:XVI Army Corps 353: 349: 348: 343: 339: 338: 335: 331: 330: 317: 313: 312: 272: 268: 267: 263: 262: 257: 253: 252: 245: 241: 240: 235: 231: 230: 228: 227: 224: 218: 216: 212: 211: 200: 196: 195: 193: 189: 188: 175:(aged 65) 169: 165: 164: 134: 132: 128: 127: 123: 122: 119: 118: 113: 107: 106: 101: 95: 94: 89: 85: 84: 74: 73: 62: 61: 58: 57: 54: 46: 45: 43:Heinz Guderian 42: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5006: 4995: 4992: 4990: 4987: 4985: 4982: 4980: 4977: 4975: 4972: 4970: 4967: 4965: 4962: 4960: 4957: 4955: 4952: 4950: 4947: 4945: 4942: 4940: 4937: 4935: 4932: 4930: 4927: 4925: 4922: 4920: 4917: 4915: 4912: 4910: 4907: 4906: 4904: 4888: 4882: 4879: 4877: 4874: 4872: 4869: 4868: 4866: 4864: 4863: 4857: 4851: 4848: 4845: 4844:Werner Kreipe 4842: 4840: 4837: 4835: 4832: 4830: 4827: 4825: 4822: 4820: 4819:Walther Wever 4817: 4816: 4814: 4812: 4811: 4805: 4798: 4795: 4792: 4789: 4786: 4783: 4780: 4777: 4775: 4774:Kurt Zeitzler 4772: 4770: 4767: 4765: 4762: 4761: 4759: 4757: 4753: 4749: 4745: 4737: 4732: 4730: 4725: 4723: 4718: 4717: 4714: 4702: 4699: 4697: 4696:Sepp Dietrich 4694: 4693: 4691: 4689: 4684: 4683: 4678: 4672: 4669: 4667: 4664: 4662: 4661:Otto Schultze 4659: 4657: 4654: 4652: 4649: 4647: 4644: 4642: 4641:Oskar Kummetz 4639: 4637: 4634: 4632: 4629: 4627: 4626:Hermann Boehm 4624: 4622: 4619: 4618: 4616: 4614: 4608: 4603: 4599: 4593: 4590: 4588: 4585: 4583: 4580: 4578: 4575: 4573: 4572:Günther Rüdel 4570: 4568: 4565: 4563: 4562:Bruno Loerzer 4560: 4558: 4555: 4553: 4552:Alfred Keller 4550: 4548: 4545: 4543: 4540: 4538: 4535: 4534: 4532: 4530: 4524: 4523:Generaloberst 4519: 4515: 4510: 4505: 4500: 4495: 4485: 4484:Kurt Zeitzler 4482: 4480: 4477: 4475: 4472: 4470: 4469:Karl Strecker 4467: 4465: 4464:Adolf Strauss 4462: 4460: 4457: 4455: 4452: 4450: 4447: 4445: 4444:Richard Ruoff 4442: 4440: 4437: 4435: 4432: 4430: 4427: 4425: 4422: 4420: 4417: 4415: 4412: 4410: 4407: 4405: 4402: 4400: 4397: 4395: 4392: 4390: 4389:Erich Hoepner 4387: 4385: 4382: 4380: 4377: 4375: 4372: 4370: 4367: 4365: 4362: 4360: 4357: 4355: 4352: 4350: 4347: 4345: 4342: 4340: 4337: 4335: 4332: 4330: 4327: 4325: 4322: 4320: 4317: 4315: 4312: 4310: 4307: 4305: 4302: 4300: 4297: 4296: 4294: 4292: 4286: 4285:Generaloberst 4281: 4277: 4273: 4269: 4265: 4257: 4252: 4250: 4245: 4243: 4238: 4237: 4234: 4227: 4222: 4218: 4215: 4210: 4206: 4205: 4201: 4194: 4188: 4184: 4180: 4175: 4171: 4165: 4161: 4156: 4155: 4150: 4143: 4137: 4133: 4129: 4124: 4120: 4114: 4110: 4105: 4101: 4095: 4091: 4087: 4083: 4082:Stahel, David 4079: 4075: 4069: 4065: 4062:. Cambridge: 4061: 4057: 4056:Stahel, David 4053: 4049: 4043: 4039: 4035: 4030: 4026: 4020: 4016: 4012: 4011: 4006: 4002: 3998: 3994: 3988: 3984: 3980: 3975: 3971: 3965: 3961: 3957: 3956:Shepherd, Ben 3953: 3949: 3945: 3941: 3937: 3933: 3929: 3924: 3920: 3914: 3910: 3905: 3899: 3895: 3889: 3885: 3881: 3877: 3873: 3869: 3865: 3861: 3857: 3851: 3847: 3843: 3839: 3835: 3831: 3829:0-7006-1015-4 3825: 3821: 3817: 3813: 3809: 3807:0-340-80808-X 3803: 3799: 3795: 3791: 3787: 3781: 3777: 3772: 3768: 3762: 3758: 3757: 3751: 3747: 3741: 3737: 3732: 3728: 3722: 3718: 3717: 3711: 3707: 3701: 3697: 3696: 3690: 3686: 3680: 3676: 3672: 3671: 3665: 3661: 3657: 3653: 3648: 3644: 3638: 3634: 3630: 3626: 3622: 3618: 3612: 3608: 3607: 3601: 3597: 3595:0-7006-0541-X 3591: 3587: 3586: 3581: 3577: 3573: 3571:1-57027-039-2 3567: 3563: 3558: 3554: 3548: 3544: 3543: 3538: 3534: 3530: 3526: 3522: 3516: 3512: 3507: 3506: 3500: 3496: 3492: 3486: 3482: 3481: 3475: 3474: 3469: 3463:, p. 55. 3462: 3457: 3454: 3450: 3445: 3442: 3438: 3437:Scherzer 2007 3433: 3431: 3427: 3423: 3418: 3416: 3414: 3410: 3406: 3401: 3399: 3397: 3395: 3393: 3391: 3389: 3387: 3385: 3381: 3377: 3372: 3370: 3366: 3362: 3357: 3354: 3350: 3345: 3342: 3338: 3333: 3330: 3326: 3321: 3318: 3315:, p. 22. 3314: 3313:Guderian 1954 3309: 3306: 3303:, p. 39. 3302: 3301:Guderian 1954 3297: 3294: 3290: 3285: 3282: 3278: 3273: 3270: 3266: 3261: 3258: 3254: 3249: 3246: 3242: 3237: 3234: 3230: 3225: 3222: 3218: 3213: 3210: 3207:, p. 58. 3206: 3201: 3199: 3197: 3193: 3190:, p. 61. 3189: 3184: 3181: 3178:, p. 59. 3177: 3172: 3170: 3166: 3162: 3157: 3154: 3151:, p. 53. 3150: 3145: 3142: 3139:, p. 13. 3138: 3133: 3131: 3127: 3123: 3118: 3115: 3111: 3106: 3104: 3102: 3100: 3096: 3093:, p. 55. 3092: 3087: 3085: 3081: 3077: 3072: 3069: 3066:, p. 54. 3065: 3060: 3057: 3053: 3048: 3046: 3044: 3040: 3036: 3031: 3028: 3024: 3019: 3016: 3012: 3011:Shepherd 2016 3007: 3004: 3000: 2999:Shepherd 2016 2995: 2992: 2988: 2983: 2981: 2977: 2973: 2972:Shepherd 2016 2968: 2965: 2961: 2956: 2954: 2950: 2946: 2945:Megargee 2000 2941: 2938: 2934: 2933:Megargee 2000 2929: 2926: 2922: 2921:Shepherd 2016 2917: 2914: 2910: 2905: 2903: 2901: 2899: 2895: 2892:, p. 99. 2891: 2886: 2883: 2879: 2874: 2872: 2870: 2866: 2862: 2857: 2854: 2850: 2845: 2843: 2839: 2835: 2830: 2827: 2823: 2818: 2815: 2811: 2806: 2803: 2800:, p. 94. 2799: 2794: 2791: 2787: 2786:Shepherd 2016 2782: 2779: 2775: 2770: 2768: 2764: 2760: 2755: 2753: 2749: 2745: 2740: 2737: 2733: 2732:Mawdsley 2005 2728: 2725: 2721: 2716: 2713: 2709: 2704: 2701: 2697: 2692: 2689: 2685: 2680: 2677: 2674:, p. 11. 2673: 2668: 2665: 2662:, p. 76. 2661: 2656: 2653: 2650:, p. 32. 2649: 2644: 2642: 2638: 2634: 2629: 2626: 2622: 2617: 2614: 2610: 2605: 2602: 2599:, p. 50. 2598: 2593: 2590: 2587:, p. 10. 2586: 2581: 2579: 2575: 2572:, p. 69. 2571: 2566: 2564: 2560: 2557:, p. 79. 2556: 2551: 2548: 2544: 2539: 2536: 2532: 2527: 2524: 2520: 2515: 2512: 2508: 2503: 2500: 2497:, p. 63. 2496: 2491: 2488: 2484: 2479: 2476: 2473:, p. 60. 2472: 2467: 2464: 2461:, p. 58. 2460: 2455: 2452: 2448: 2443: 2440: 2437:, p. 52. 2436: 2431: 2428: 2425:, p. 47. 2424: 2419: 2416: 2412: 2407: 2404: 2401:, p. 56. 2400: 2395: 2392: 2389:, p. 18. 2388: 2383: 2380: 2377:, p. 53. 2376: 2371: 2368: 2365:, p. 17. 2364: 2359: 2356: 2353:, p. 51. 2352: 2347: 2344: 2341:, p. 50. 2340: 2335: 2332: 2329:, p. 46. 2328: 2323: 2321: 2317: 2314:, p. 44. 2313: 2308: 2305: 2302:, p. 42. 2301: 2296: 2294: 2290: 2286: 2281: 2278: 2274: 2269: 2266: 2263:, p. 40. 2262: 2257: 2255: 2251: 2248:, p. 39. 2247: 2242: 2239: 2236:, p. 28. 2235: 2230: 2227: 2224:, p. 14. 2223: 2218: 2216: 2212: 2208: 2203: 2200: 2197:, p. 33. 2196: 2191: 2188: 2185:, p. 30. 2184: 2179: 2177: 2173: 2169: 2164: 2161: 2157: 2152: 2149: 2145: 2144:Shepperd 1990 2140: 2137: 2134:, p. 24. 2133: 2128: 2126: 2124: 2122: 2118: 2115:, p. 23. 2114: 2109: 2107: 2103: 2099: 2094: 2091: 2088:, p. 29. 2087: 2082: 2079: 2075: 2070: 2068: 2066: 2064: 2060: 2057:, p. 12. 2056: 2051: 2048: 2044: 2039: 2037: 2033: 2029: 2024: 2021: 2017: 2012: 2010: 2006: 2002: 1997: 1995: 1993: 1991: 1989: 1985: 1981: 1976: 1973: 1967: 1962: 1961:Guderian-Plan 1959: 1958: 1954: 1948: 1944: 1943: 1942:Generaloberst 1938: 1935: 1934: 1929: 1928: 1927: 1924: 1919: 1916: 1915: 1913: 1910: 1907: 1904: 1901: 1898: 1895: 1893: 1890: 1887: 1884: 1881: 1878: 1875: 1872: 1869: 1865: 1860: 1857: 1856: 1854: 1851: 1850: 1846: 1839: 1834: 1830: 1824: 1822:0-306-81101-4 1818: 1814: 1813:Da Capo Press 1810: 1809: 1808:Panzer Leader 1803: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1787: 1782: 1778: 1774: 1770: 1766: 1761: 1756: 1754:0-304-35285-3 1750: 1746: 1745: 1739: 1738: 1734: 1732: 1730: 1726: 1725: 1720: 1715: 1713: 1709: 1705: 1701: 1697: 1693: 1689: 1685: 1676: 1669: 1667: 1665: 1661: 1657: 1654: 1650: 1649: 1644: 1640: 1636: 1634: 1633:the Holocaust 1630: 1626: 1622: 1618: 1617:Panzer Leader 1614: 1610: 1605: 1603: 1599: 1595: 1591: 1587: 1582: 1580: 1576: 1569: 1561: 1559: 1557: 1553: 1549: 1545: 1541: 1537: 1532: 1530: 1529:Panzer Leader 1526: 1520: 1517: 1512: 1508: 1507:Panzer Leader 1500: 1499:Panzer Leader 1497: 1492: 1490: 1488: 1484: 1479: 1477: 1473: 1469: 1468: 1467:Panzer Leader 1463: 1459: 1455: 1451: 1446: 1444: 1440: 1435: 1431: 1422: 1415: 1413: 1411: 1407: 1406:the Holocaust 1401: 1399: 1395: 1391: 1385: 1383: 1379: 1374: 1369: 1367: 1363: 1358: 1354: 1350: 1349:Eduard Wagner 1344: 1342: 1336: 1334: 1330: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1313: 1311: 1310:Kurt Zeitzler 1307: 1299: 1295: 1290: 1283: 1281: 1279: 1275: 1273: 1269: 1265: 1261: 1257: 1253: 1249: 1240: 1233: 1231: 1229: 1225: 1221: 1217: 1213: 1208: 1205: 1201: 1197: 1193: 1188: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1165: 1161: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1140: 1138: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1122: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1102: 1098: 1094: 1090: 1085: 1083: 1079: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1062: 1054: 1049: 1044: 1036: 1034: 1030: 1028: 1024: 1020: 1015: 1011: 1007: 1003: 999: 994: 991: 986: 985:Manstein Plan 982: 974: 969: 964: 956: 954: 952: 948: 944: 940: 936: 931: 927: 925: 921: 917: 916:Brest-Litovsk 913: 909: 904: 902: 898: 894: 893:West Prussian 890: 886: 882: 878: 870: 866: 863: 862: 857: 852: 847: 839: 834: 832: 830: 826: 822: 817: 813: 809: 804: 802: 797: 796: 790: 788: 784: 778: 776: 772: 764: 759: 752: 750: 748: 744: 740: 735: 733: 729: 725: 721: 717: 708: 704: 702: 701:Iron Division 698: 694: 690: 689: 684: 680: 672: 670: 668: 667:German Empire 664: 663:General Staff 660: 656: 652: 648: 644: 640: 635: 633: 632:Heinz Günther 629: 625: 623: 620:Hannoversche 617: 616:officer cadet 612: 608: 604: 596: 594: 592: 588: 584: 583: 582:Panzer Leader 577: 575: 571: 567: 566:Eastern Front 563: 558: 556: 552: 548: 547:panzer forces 543: 541: 537: 533: 529: 525: 522:. He led the 521: 517: 513: 510:. During the 509: 505: 500: 498: 494: 490: 485: 477: 468: 460: 457: 455: 452: 450: 447: 445: 442: 441: 440: 437: 433: 430: 429: 428: 425: 423: 420: 419: 418: 417: 408: 405: 404: 403: 402: 401: 400: 391: 388: 387: 386: 385: 384: 383: 382: 376: 372: 369: 365: 361: 357: 354: 350: 347: 346:Generaloberst 344: 340: 336: 332: 329: 325: 321: 318: 314: 310: 297: 284: 283:German Empire 273: 269: 264: 258: 254: 250: 246: 242: 239: 236: 232: 225: 223: 222:Heinz Günther 220: 219: 217: 213: 194: 190: 187: 183: 179: 170: 166: 162: 158: 157:German Empire 154: 150: 133: 129: 124: 120: 117: 114: 108: 105: 102: 96: 93: 90: 86: 80: 75: 72: 67: 63: 59: 52: 47: 40: 37: 33: 19: 4862:Kriegsmarine 4861: 4809: 4784: 4769:Franz Halder 4701:Paul Hausser 4680: 4671:Karl Witzell 4613:Kriegsmarine 4606: 4592:Hubert Weise 4577:Kurt Student 4537:Otto Deßloch 4522: 4399:Hermann Hoth 4384:Carl Hilpert 4379:Walter Heitz 4359:Franz Halder 4348: 4319:Eduard Dietl 4299:Wilhelm Adam 4284: 4272:Nazi Germany 4228:at Wikiquote 4178: 4159: 4131: 4127: 4108: 4085: 4059: 4033: 4013:. New York: 4009: 3978: 3959: 3948:the original 3935: 3931: 3907: 3902: 3879: 3876:David Stahel 3864:Römer, Felix 3841: 3819: 3797: 3775: 3755: 3735: 3715: 3694: 3674: 3669: 3655: 3651: 3632: 3628: 3605: 3584: 3580:Corum, James 3561: 3541: 3511:Gotham Books 3509:. New York: 3504: 3479: 3470:Bibliography 3456: 3444: 3422:Wegmann 2009 3405:Wegmann 2009 3356: 3344: 3332: 3320: 3308: 3296: 3284: 3272: 3260: 3248: 3236: 3224: 3212: 3183: 3156: 3144: 3117: 3071: 3059: 3030: 3018: 3006: 2994: 2967: 2940: 2928: 2916: 2885: 2861:Kershaw 2000 2856: 2829: 2817: 2805: 2793: 2781: 2739: 2727: 2715: 2703: 2691: 2679: 2667: 2655: 2628: 2616: 2604: 2592: 2550: 2538: 2533:, p. 6. 2526: 2519:Epstein 2015 2514: 2502: 2490: 2485:, p. 9. 2478: 2466: 2454: 2447:Epstein 2015 2442: 2430: 2418: 2406: 2394: 2382: 2370: 2358: 2346: 2334: 2307: 2280: 2268: 2241: 2229: 2202: 2190: 2163: 2151: 2139: 2093: 2081: 2076:, p. 7. 2050: 2045:, p. 6. 2030:, p. 6. 2023: 2018:, p. 5. 2003:, p. 5. 1975: 1940: 1931: 1828: 1807: 1789: 1785: 1768: 1764: 1743: 1728: 1722: 1716: 1707: 1699: 1695: 1691: 1681: 1663: 1660:David Stahel 1658: 1646: 1637: 1625:Soviet Union 1616: 1608: 1606: 1583: 1571: 1555: 1533: 1528: 1524: 1521: 1506: 1504: 1498: 1480: 1471: 1465: 1447: 1427: 1402: 1390:feste Plätze 1389: 1386: 1370: 1345: 1341:Hans Speidel 1337: 1325:20 July Plot 1317:Honour Court 1314: 1303: 1294:Hans Lammers 1276: 1256:Albert Speer 1245: 1209: 1189: 1148:encirclement 1141: 1129:Franz Halder 1105:Minsk pocket 1086: 1060: 1058: 1031: 1027:Maginot Line 1023:Weygand Line 995: 978: 947:Nazi ghettos 932: 928: 905: 897:East Prussia 874: 859: 805: 793: 791: 779: 768: 736: 728:Percy Hobart 724:Soviet Union 719: 713: 686: 676: 657:of Infantry 636: 619: 607:West Prussia 600: 580: 578: 559: 555:20 July Plot 544: 532:Soviet Union 501: 489:World War II 475: 474: 416:World War II 414: 397: 379: 378: 374:Battles/wars 309:Nazi Germany 186:West Germany 173:(1954-05-14) 149:West Prussia 145:17 June 1888 111:Succeeded by 92:Adolf Hitler 78: 36: 4919:1954 deaths 4914:1888 births 4876:Kurt Fricke 4850:Karl Koller 4797:Alfred Jodl 4764:Ludwig Beck 4479:Walter Weiß 4429:Erhard Raus 4414:Alfred Jodl 4369:Josef Harpe 4309:Ludwig Beck 3868:Alex J. Kay 3846:I.B. Tauris 3349:Stahel 2009 3337:Stahel 2009 3161:Searle 1998 3122:Coogan 1999 2834:Citino 2012 2822:Citino 2012 2810:Citino 2012 2720:Stahel 2015 2708:Stahel 2015 2696:Stahel 2015 2633:Stahel 2012 2621:Müller 2015 2609:Keegan 1989 2555:Stahel 2009 2543:Stahel 2009 2531:Luther 2019 2285:Stahel 2009 2273:Stahel 2009 1836: [ 1552:James Corum 1487:Atlanticist 1373:Nazi salute 1125:20th Armies 1103:closed the 1087:Guderian's 998:Meuse River 825:Sudetenland 808:Nazi regime 747:Oswald Lutz 381:World War I 311:(1933–1945) 298:(1919–1933) 285:(1907–1918) 256:Nickname(s) 171:14 May 1954 99:Preceded by 4903:Categories 4791:Hans Krebs 4631:Rolf Carls 4587:Ernst Udet 4354:Curt Haase 4088:. London: 3844:. London: 3658:. Moscow: 3529:2006015518 3241:Corum 1992 2759:Stein 2007 2744:Römer 2012 1968:References 1853:Iron Cross 1721:magazine, 1511:blitzkrieg 1398:Hans Krebs 1382:Volkssturm 1298:Volkssturm 1252:panzer arm 1228:commissars 1127:, General 1078:Lebensraum 941:began its 775:blitzkrieg 763:blitzkrieg 739:Truppenamt 683:Reichswehr 493:blitzkrieg 324:Reichsheer 271:Allegiance 141:1888-06-17 116:Hans Krebs 4810:Luftwaffe 4748:Wehrmacht 4688:Waffen-SS 4529:Luftwaffe 3660:Voenizdat 3499:Boot, Max 3277:Hart 2006 3229:Hart 2006 3217:Hart 2006 3110:Hart 2006 3052:Hart 2006 3035:Hart 2006 3023:Hart 2006 2960:Hart 2006 2890:Hart 2006 2878:Hart 2006 2849:Hart 2006 2798:Hart 2006 2774:Hart 2006 2684:Hart 2006 2660:Hart 2006 2570:Hart 2006 2495:Hart 2006 2471:Hart 2006 2459:Hart 2006 2435:Hart 2006 2423:Hart 2006 2399:Hart 2006 2375:Hart 2006 2351:Hart 2006 2339:Hart 2006 2327:Hart 2006 2312:Hart 2006 2300:Hart 2006 2261:Hart 2006 2246:Hart 2006 2234:Hart 2006 2207:Hart 2006 2195:Hart 2006 2183:Hart 2006 2168:Hart 2006 2156:Hart 2006 2132:Hart 2006 2113:Hart 2006 2098:Hart 2006 2055:Hart 2006 2028:Hart 2006 2016:Hart 2006 1980:Boot 2006 1877:Commander 1777:601435526 1719:wargaming 1621:expulsion 1602:Gauleiter 1581:of 1944. 1454:Schwangau 1220:reprisals 1093:Bug River 765:approach. 688:freikorps 655:Battalion 576:of 1944. 337:1907–1945 244:Signature 178:Schwangau 163:, Poland) 79:In office 4084:(2012). 4058:(2015). 4007:(2008). 3958:(2016). 3909:Archives 3878:(eds.). 3840:(2015). 3818:(2000). 3796:(2005). 3627:(2000). 3582:(1992). 3539:(2012). 3501:(2006). 1955:See also 1696:Newsweek 1594:Głębokie 1546:and the 1437:Marshal 1270:and the 1214:and the 1204:4th Army 1164:Red Army 1158:east of 1109:Smolensk 1084:threat. 659:Regiment 643:4th Army 516:Ardennes 352:Commands 215:Children 4891:*Acting 4746:of the 4686:of the 4611:of the 4527:of the 4289:of the 4262:German 1914:(1939) 1855:(1914) 1798:8977019 1489:cause. 1333:Gestapo 1268:Panther 1196:Kashira 1179:, near 1177:Mtsensk 1097:Dnieper 1010:Dunkirk 867:at the 861:Kombrig 732:Stettin 651:captain 526:during 506:in the 480:German: 209: 201: 182:Bavaria 161:Chełmno 153:Prussia 69:of the 4189: 4166: 4138: 4115: 4096: 4070: 4044: 4021: 3989: 3966: 3915: 3890: 3852: 3826: 3804: 3782: 3763: 3742: 3723: 3702: 3681: 3639: 3613: 3592: 3568: 3549: 3527: 3517: 3487: 1847:Awards 1819: 1796: 1775: 1751: 1538:, the 1476:Goslar 1458:Füssen 1351:, the 1187:tank. 1076:: the 983:. The 901:Warsaw 591:Goslar 540:Moscow 316:Branch 306: 293: 280: 234:Awards 192:Spouse 147:Kulm, 88:Leader 4130:[ 3906:[ 3673:[ 3631:[ 1840:] 1788:[ 1767:[ 1735:Works 1456:near 1319:": a 1272:Tiger 1181:Oryol 1014:Arras 885:corps 622:Jäger 203:( 199: 159:(now 4291:Army 4266:and 4187:ISBN 4164:ISBN 4136:ISBN 4113:ISBN 4094:ISBN 4068:ISBN 4042:ISBN 4019:ISBN 3987:ISBN 3964:ISBN 3913:ISBN 3888:ISBN 3850:ISBN 3824:ISBN 3802:ISBN 3780:ISBN 3761:ISBN 3740:ISBN 3721:ISBN 3700:ISBN 3679:ISBN 3637:ISBN 3611:ISBN 3590:ISBN 3566:ISBN 3547:ISBN 3525:LCCN 3515:ISBN 3485:ISBN 1817:ISBN 1794:OCLC 1773:OCLC 1749:ISBN 1641:and 1527:and 1501:myth 1194:and 1192:Tula 1185:T-34 1160:Kiev 1123:and 1121:19th 1117:16th 816:Linz 785:and 603:Kulm 342:Rank 328:Heer 226:Kurt 168:Died 131:Born 4270:of 3940:doi 1474:in 1460:in 1144:1st 611:née 4905:: 4185:. 4092:. 4066:. 4040:. 4017:. 4003:; 3985:. 3934:. 3930:. 3886:. 3882:. 3874:; 3870:; 3848:. 3523:. 3513:. 3429:^ 3412:^ 3383:^ 3368:^ 3195:^ 3168:^ 3129:^ 3098:^ 3083:^ 3042:^ 2979:^ 2952:^ 2897:^ 2868:^ 2841:^ 2766:^ 2751:^ 2640:^ 2577:^ 2562:^ 2319:^ 2292:^ 2253:^ 2214:^ 2175:^ 2120:^ 2105:^ 2062:^ 2035:^ 2008:^ 1987:^ 1838:de 1815:. 1698:, 1694:, 1478:. 1400:. 1274:. 1119:, 939:SS 926:. 912:SS 831:. 605:, 593:. 205:m. 184:, 180:, 155:, 151:, 4846:* 4799:* 4793:* 4787:* 4781:* 4735:e 4728:t 4721:v 4609:) 4605:( 4525:) 4521:( 4287:) 4283:( 4255:e 4248:t 4241:v 4195:. 4172:. 4144:. 4121:. 4102:. 4076:. 4050:. 4027:. 3995:. 3972:. 3942:: 3936:5 3921:. 3896:. 3858:. 3832:. 3810:. 3788:. 3769:. 3748:. 3729:. 3708:. 3687:. 3662:. 3645:. 3619:. 3598:. 3574:. 3555:. 3531:. 3493:. 1825:. 1800:. 1779:. 1757:. 478:( 143:) 139:( 34:. 20:)

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