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This suspension is usually described as semi-independent, meaning that the two wheels can move relative to each other, but their motion is still somewhat inter-linked, to a greater extent than in a true independent rear suspension (IRS). This can mildly compromise the handling and ride quality of the
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also have stayed with the twist beam. The twist beam has been shown to suffer less from bush wear, than fully independent multi-link suspension, thus resulting in a virtually maintenance free rear suspension.
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which improves vehicle handling; such configuration is used with the Opel Astra, Buick Verano, Cadillac ELR, Opel
Cascada and higher trim-levels of the American-market Chevrolet Cruze.
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General Motors introduced its new global platform named D2XX flexible platform in August 2012. The new platform was mainly engineered by GM's former German subsidiary
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or compound crank suspension. This is at a cost saving of €100 per car compared to multi-link rear suspension. The version used on the 2009-on
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As noted, certain GM brands and models have continued to use the suspension setup, known variously as twist beam,
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The platform was developed for compact vehicle architecture, replacing both Delta II and the midsize crossover
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at a cost of €20 to address the drawbacks and provide a competitive and cost effective rear suspension. The
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vehicle. For this reason, some manufacturers have changed to different linkage designs. As an example,
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1450:"NEW 2011 Chevy Volt - Gearhart Chevrolet Delivers First Volt in America"
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1551:"2016 Chevrolet Volt Unveiled: More range, passenger room (+VIDEO)"
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1488:"GM to produce Cadillac Converj with Volt's plug-in technology"
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1510:"GM Will Produce Volt-Based Cadillac Converj Plug-in Concept"
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GM Delta
Enthusiasts (a part of the GM Enthusiast Network)
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1464:"Paris debut for new Chevrolet Cruze sedan - paultan.org"
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GM chose this compact vehicle architecture for its first
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dropped the torsion beam in favour of a true IRS for the
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and tools are available to assist in formatting, such as
1565:"New Details About All-New Chevrolet Monza Sedan Emerge"
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625:The platform features a torsion beam (marketed as
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700:Production vehicles based on Delta II platform:
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1424:"Vehicle dynamics & chassis: A new leaf"
1285:Pan Asia Technical Automotive Center (PATAC)
35:, which are uninformative and vulnerable to
50:and maintains a consistent citation style.
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620:Global Compact Vehicle Architecture or GCV
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1398:"Astra suspension by Automotive Engineer"
592:Learn how and when to remove this message
530:Learn how and when to remove this message
92:Learn how and when to remove this message
355:Former vehicles based on this platform:
334:engine is widely used, as are a 4-speed
1422:Simon Bickerstaffe (December 1, 2010).
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1597:"Chevy gets new compact car next year"
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468:adding citations to reliable sources
1396:Richard Aucock (January 22, 2010).
311:. The platform debuted in the 2003
42:Please consider converting them to
1213:Chevrolet Volt (second generation)
14:
1525:https://www.cnbc.com/id/101041918
877:Chevrolet Volt (first generation)
649:' Control Blade rear suspension.
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479:"General Motors Delta platform"
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1:
1537:"GM's D2XX Platform Detailed"
572:the claims made and adding
418:Pontiac G5/G4/Pursuit coupe
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288:, originally developed by
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2199:General Motors platforms
246:For Opel & Vauxhall:
1351:2016 Chevrolet Cavalier
793:Daewoo Lacetti Premiere
1189:Holden Astra Hatchback
330:type in the rear. The
324:independent suspension
110:Motor vehicle platform
1339:2018 Buick Excelle GT
1678:Delta (D2XX/PATAC K)
1452:. December 16, 2010.
1363:2019 Chevrolet Monza
464:improve this article
106:List of GM platforms
1698:Epsilon (E2XX/P2XX)
1430:on November 3, 2016
925:Vauxhall Zafira Mk3
643:Volkswagen Golf Mk5
340:manual transmission
299:; it also replaced
1553:. 12 January 2015.
1493:2013-10-12 at the
1307:Chevrolet Cavalier
1177:Vauxhall Astra Mk7
1153:Holden Astra Sedan
1057:Chevrolet Cavalier
865:Vauxhall Astra Mk6
767:Chevrolet Cavalier
747:Opel Zafira Tourer
682:Voltec application
660:and the 2011-2016
557:possibly contains
2186:
2185:
1571:. 23 January 2019
1539:. 28 August 2012.
1498:(Automotive Week)
1273:Chevrolet Orlando
1237:Chevrolet Equinox
1121:Chevrolet Orlando
1109:Chevrolet Equinox
1080:GM Theta platform
985:Vauxhall Meriva B
961:Chevrolet Orlando
729:Chevrolet Orlando
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276:front-wheel drive
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1515:January 11, 2010
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1323:2017-present
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481: –
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475:Find sources:
469:
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453:This article
451:
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430:Chevrolet HHR
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283:crossover SUV
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236:GM Z platform
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232:GM T platform
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228:GM R platform
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224:GM J platform
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178:Body style(s)
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29:This article
27:
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1603:(2008-06-01)
1600:
1573:. Retrieved
1569:GM Authority
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1472:. Retrieved
1470:. 2008-07-10
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1434:September 9,
1432:. Retrieved
1428:the original
1417:
1406:. Retrieved
1402:the original
1282:
1165:Opel Astra K
1097:Opel Astra K
1084:
1077:
1066:
1009:Opel Cascada
997:Cadillac ELR
889:Holden Astra
829:Buick Verano
817:Opel Astra J
805:Holden Cruze
760:Opel Cascada
754:Cadillac ELR
735:Buick Verano
699:
696:Applications
679:
662:Buick Verano
654:torsion beam
651:
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462:Please help
457:verification
454:
354:
351:Applications
338:and 5-speed
321:
307:used by the
265:
264:
253:
245:
150:2002–present
136:Manufacturer
88:
79:
68:Citation bot
30:
2128:Trucks/SUVs
2031:Trucks/SUVs
1722:Trucks/SUVs
1261:GMC Terrain
1115:GMC Terrain
1073:Rüsselsheim
937:Opel Ampera
901:Holden Volt
741:Opel Ampera
631:Watt's link
613:compact car
582:August 2017
520:August 2017
375:/G4/Pursuit
220:Predecessor
189:convertible
2038:C/K Series
1575:2020-04-17
1474:2023-03-09
1408:2012-09-09
1381:References
1311:2017–2023
1305:2016–2021
1299:2015–2023
1279:GM-PATAC K
1125:2014–2020
1119:2019–2023
1107:2018–2024
1101:2016–2019
1095:2015–2022
1089:2015–2023
765:2017–2021
758:2013–2019
752:2013–2016
745:2011–2019
739:2011–2015
733:2011–2016
727:2010–2018
721:2010–2015
713:Opel Astra
711:2009–2015
704:2008–2016
674:Citroen C4
658:Opel Astra
647:Ford Focus
639:Volkswagen
566:improve it
490:newspapers
394:Saturn Ion
378:2006–2011
373:Pontiac G5
371:2005–2009
365:2005–2010
361:Saturn Ion
359:2003–2007
328:Twist beam
313:Saturn Ion
305:Z platform
301:J platform
297:T platform
290:Opel Group
279:automobile
215:Chronology
147:Production
48:verifiable
1641:platforms
1313:Buick GL6
1063:D2XX/D2UX
611:' global
570:verifying
336:automatic
242:Successor
209:hatchback
194:hatchback
33:bare URLs
2193:Category
2158:Category
1491:Archived
1283:In 2015
616:platform
605:Delta II
436:Delta II
303:and the
286:platform
258:GM VSS-F
130:Overview
37:link rot
2168:Commons
2067:530/560
2051:345/745
2047:325/330
1940:Premium
1768:Retired
1650:Marques
664:uses a
564:Please
504:scholar
273:compact
254:For GM:
207:5-door
202:4-door
197:4-door
192:3-door
187:2-door
182:2-door
166:Compact
2105:Future
2089:Lambda
1854:GM4200
1849:GM2900
684:, the
506:
499:
492:
485:
477:
332:Ecotec
268:was a
57:reFill
2140:VSS-T
2135:VSS-S
2119:VSS-R
2094:Theta
1960:Sigma
1897:Kappa
1708:Omega
1703:Alpha
1693:VSS-F
1673:Gamma
511:JSTOR
497:books
346:Delta
266:Delta
199:sedan
184:coupe
161:Class
31:uses
2178:List
2112:Cars
2083:K2XX
2022:Zeta
1955:SCCS
1801:BEV2
1775:Cars
1751:T1XX
1743:31XX
1734:C1XX
1683:BEV3
1666:Cars
1436:2012
1289:SAIC
1069:Opel
672:and
607:was
483:news
317:VINs
294:Opel
281:and
65:and
2079:900
2075:800
2071:600
2063:400
2059:360
2055:355
2043:GMT
2006:RWD
2002:FWD
1987:RWD
1983:FWD
1973:RWD
1969:FWD
1934:FWD
1930:RWD
1915:RWD
1911:FWD
1891:RWD
1887:FWD
1867:RWD
1863:FWD
1843:RWD
1839:FWD
1814:RWD
1810:FWD
1790:RWD
1786:FWD
1747:610
1739:GMT
1729:BT1
1688:GEM
1071:in
715:J,
568:by
466:by
204:SUV
2195::
2081:,
2077:,
2073:,
2069:,
2065:,
2061:,
2057:,
2053:,
2049:,
2004:,
1985:,
1971:,
1932:,
1913:,
1889:,
1873:HQ
1865:,
1841:,
1812:,
1788:,
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1745:,
1599:.
1567:.
1466:.
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2012:Y
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1965:T
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