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840:. The UK's first Fraunhofer Centre, Fraunhofer Centre for Applied Photonics, was established and quickly recognised as a world-leading centre in lasers and optical systems. The UK Government commented on the significance of Fraunhofer CAP in quantum technology innovation. Ongoing core funding is received from Scottish Government and Scottish Enterprise.
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focus, distribution of resources, project acquisition, and project management. On the other hand, this also generates a certain economic pressure and a compulsion to customer and market orientation. In this sense, the institutes and their employees act in an entrepreneurial manner and ideally combine research, innovation, and entrepreneurship.
960:. At this time, a "commission for the promotion of the development of the Fraunhofer Society" planned the further development of the Fraunhofer Society (FhG). The commission developed a financing model that would make the Society dependent on its commercial success. This would later come to be known as the "Fraunhofer Model".
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The
Fraunhofer Society developed and formulated a firm specific mission statement summarizing fundamental targets and codifying the desired "values and guidelines" of the society's "culture". Amongst these, the society committed itself to improving the opportunities for female employees and coworkers
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audio data compression process. In 2018, the
Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft reported 734 new inventions. This corresponds to about three inventions per working day. Of these, 612 developments were registered for patents. Recent studies have shown that the presence of a Fraunhofer center can boost the patent
464:
The institutes are not legally independent units. The
Fraunhofer model grants a very high degree of independence to the institutes in terms of project results, scientific impact and above all for their own funding. On the one hand, this results in a high degree of independence in terms of technical
468:
Numerous innovations are the result of research and development work at the
Fraunhofer institutes. The institutes work on practically all application-relevant technology fields, i.e. microelectronics, information and communication technology, life sciences, materials research, energy technology or
952:
In 1968, the
Fraunhofer Society became the target of public criticism for its role in military research. The criticism continued in the following decades and became a topic of public debate, including the need to improve resilience, defence capabilities and the protection of civilians and against
1036:
In 2002, ownership of the
Heinrich-Hertz-Institut for Communications Technology Berlin GmbH (HHI), which belonged to the Gottfried William Leibniz Society e. V. (GWL), was transferred to the Fraunhofer Society. With this integration, the Fraunhofer Society budget exceeded €1 billion for the
447:
Since the 1990s the organization has also internationalized, establishing various centers in the United States, Asia and other
European countries. In October 2010, Fraunhofer announced that it would open its first research center in South America. Fraunhofer UK Research Ltd was established as a
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The so-called "Fraunhofer model" has been in existence since 1973 and has led to the society's continuing growth. Under the model, the
Fraunhofer Society earns about 70% of its income through contracts with industry or specific government projects. The other 30% of the budget is sourced in the
460:
Thus the size of the society's budget depends largely on its success in maximizing revenue from commissions. This funding model applies not just to the central society itself but also to the individual institutes. This serves both to drive the realization of the
Fraunhofer Society's strategic
1021:
Between 2000 and 2001, the institutes and IT research centres of the GMD (Gesellschaft für
Mathematik und Datenverarbeitung – Society for Mathematics and Information technology) were integrated into the Fraunhofer Society at the initiative of the Federal Ministry for Education and Research.
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E-puzzler, a pattern-recognition machine, which can digitally put back together even the most finely shredded papers. The E-puzzler uses a computerized conveyor belt that runs shards of shredded and torn paper through a digital scanner, automatically reconstructing original
893:
OpenIMS, an Open Source implementation of IMS Call Session Control Functions (CSCFs) and a lightweight Home Subscriber Server (HSS), which together form the core elements of all IMS/NGN architectures as specified today within 3GPP, 3GPP2, ETSI TISPAN and the PacketCable
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From 1954, the Society's first institutes developed. By 1956, it was developing research facilities in cooperation with the Ministry of Defense. In 1959, the Fraunhofer Society comprised nine institutes with 135 coworkers and a budget of 3.6 million
1069:
In 2009, the former FGAN Institutes were converted into Fraunhofer Institutes, amongst them the Fraunhofer Institute for Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics FKIE and the Fraunhofer Institute for Radar and High Frequency Technology FHR.
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In 2004, the former "Fraunhofer Working Group for Electronic Media Technology" at the Fraunhofer-Institut for Integrated Circuits (IIS) gained the status of an independent institute. It becomes Fraunhofer-Institut for Digital Media Technology IDMT.
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In 2006, the Fraunhofer Institute for Intelligent Analysis and Information Systems (IAIS) was founded as a merger between the Institute for Autonomous Intelligent Systems (AIS), and the Institute for Media Communication (IMK).
897:
Roborder, an autonomous border surveillance system that uses unmanned mobile robots including aerial, water surface, underwater and ground vehicles which incorporate multi-modal sensors as part of an interoperable
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The Model was agreed to by the Federal Cabinet and the Bund-Länder-Kommission in 1973. In the same year, the executive committee and central administration moved into joint accommodation at Leonrodstraße 54 in
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Its mission statement of 2000 committed the Fraunhofer Society to being a market and customer-oriented, nationally and internationally active sponsor organization for institutes of applied research.
998:
In 1991, the Fraunhofer Society faced the challenge of integrating numerous research establishments in former East Germany as branch offices of already-existing institutes in the Fraunhofer Society.
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In 2012, the cooperation of Fraunhofer with selected research-oriented universities of applied sciences based on the "Application Center" model started. The first cooperation was started with the
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1738:: Die Militarisierung des Zivilen - Das Forschungsprogramm für die zivile Sicherheit. Tübingen: Informationsstelle Militarisierung (IMI) e.V., accessed: 6 September 2023.
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In 1952, the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs declared the Fraunhofer Society to be the third part of the non-university German research landscape (alongside the
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In 2005, two new institutes, the Leipzig Fraunhofer-Institut for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), and the Fraunhofer Center for Nano-electronic technologies CNT in
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direction of becoming a leader in applied research and to encourage a flexible, autonomous, and entrepreneurial approach to the society's research priorities.
444:, "owns" the Fraunhofer Society), but more than 70% of the funding is earned through contract work, either for government-sponsored projects or from industry.
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compression algorithm was invented and patented by Fraunhofer IIS. Its license revenues generated about €100 million in revenue for the society in 2005.
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Fraunhofer Singapore – Visual and Medical Computing, Cognitive Human-Machine Interaction, Cyber- and Information Security, Visual Immersive Mathematics
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New alliances and topic groups helped to strengthen the market operational readiness level of the institutes for Fraunhofer in certain jurisdictions.
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audio format which they developed. For many years afterwards, MP3 was the most widely adopted method for compressing and decompressing digital audio.
1008:
In 1994, the Society founded a US-based subsidiary, Fraunhofer USA, Inc., to extend the outreach of Fraunhofer's R&D network to American clients.
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Some basic funding for the Fraunhofer Society is provided by the state (the German public, through the federal government together with the states or
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938:). Whether the Fraunhofer Society should support applied research through its own facilities was, however, the subject of a long-running dispute.
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In addition to its German institutes, the Fraunhofer Society operates five US-based Centers through its American subsidiary, Fraunhofer USA:
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stores, which would allow people to take a picture of their home into a store to view a fully assembled, digital adaptation of their room.
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1018:, to advance the transfer of its scientific research findings and meet the growing entrepreneurial spirit in the Fraunhofer institutes.
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https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/642542/Science_and_innovation_paper.pdf
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403:'Fraunhofer Society for the Advancement of Applied Research') is a German publicly-owned research organization with 76
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holds the world record for solar energy conversion efficiency with 41.1%, nearly twice that of a standard silicon-based cell.
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legally independent affiliate along with its Fraunhofer Centre for Applied Photonics, in Glasgow, Scotland, in March 2012.
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cyber-attacks. In 2022, Fraunhofer also benefited from the € 100 billion in special funding for the German armed forces.
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who, as a scientist, an engineer, and an entrepreneur, is said to have superbly exemplified the goals of the society.
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billion, it is the biggest organization for applied research and development services in Europe. It is named after
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By 1989, the Fraunhofer Society had nearly 6,400 employees in 37 institutes, with a total budget of 700 million
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video compression standard, a technology recognized with two Emmy awards in 2008 and 2009. This includes the
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proportion 9:1 from federal and state (Land) government grants and is used to support preparatory research.
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At the invitation of the UK Government, Fraunhofer UK Research Ltd was established in partnership with the
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By 1988, defence research represented only about 10% of the entire expenditure of the Fraunhofer Society.
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By 1984, the Fraunhofer Society had 3,500 employees in 33 institutes and a research budget of 360 million
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1503:"The effect of applied research institutes on invention: Evidence from the Fraunhofer centres in Europe"
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In 1977, the political ownership of the society was shared by the Ministries of Defense and Research.
1655:"High efficiency concentrator solar cells and moduls – Research-News-Special-Edition-05-2010-Topic 2"
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By 1969, Fraunhofer had more than 1,200 employees in 19 institutes. The budget stood at 33 million
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1788:"Präsident, Unternehmensstrategie, Forschung und Kommunikation: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Reimund Neugebauer"
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The year 2000 marked a noteworthy success at Fraunhofer-Institut for Integrated Circuits (IIS):
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In 1965, the Fraunhofer Society was identified as a sponsor organization for applied research.
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to identify themselves with the enterprise and to develop their own creative potential.
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The Fraunhofer Society currently operates 76 institutes and research units. These are
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1567:"Fraunhofer UK Innovation investment: Funding announced for leading laser scientists"
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on March 26, 1949, by representatives of industry and academia, the government of
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https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm201719/cmselect/cmsctech/2030/2030.pdf
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was established, and has gained ever more significance in subsequent years.
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Members of the European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics
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institutes spread throughout Germany, each focusing on different fields of
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Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e. V.
1502:
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In 2003, the Fraunhofer Society headquarters moved to its own building in
823:
In 2017 Fraunhofer Society launched its first direct subsidiary in Asia:
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medical technology. One of the best known Fraunhofer developments is the
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1749:"Fraunhofer-FKIE stärkt Bonn als nationales Zentrum für Cybersicherheit"
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In 1993, the Fraunhofer Society's total budget exceeded 1 billion
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Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e. V.
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1726:, Web special Fraunhofer magazine 2.2022, accessed: 6 September 2023
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The Fraunhofer program for the promotion of consulting research for
1633:"Ten facts about the Fraunhofer FDK AAC Codec Library for Android™"
1081:
and led to the foundation of the Fraunhofer IOSB-INA in late 2011.
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Information Center for Regional Planning and Building Construction
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1359:"Photonics leaders gather for launch of Fraunhofer UK Research"
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1419:"The World's Most Innovative Research Institutions 2019"
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1587:. Britischebotschaft.de. 1 August 2008. Archived from
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output of local firms and inventors in at least 13%.
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In 1999, Fraunhofer initiated Fraunhofer Venture, a
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Communication, Information Processing and Ergonomics
1611:"Heinrich Hertz Institute – Another EMMY for H.264"
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101:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1298:"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft: International Locations"
911:A German stamp: 50 years of the Fraunhofer Society
427:, and with an annual research budget of about €3.0
18:Gesellschaft für Mathematik und Datenverarbeitung
193:, potentially preventing the article from being
1678:"Reassembling a puzzle with 600 million pieces"
1333:Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft organizational web site
1302:Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft organizational web site
877:Fraunhofer's Institute for Solar Energy Systems
1113:Fraunhofer - Dresden - FEP - IFAM - IKTS - IWS
882:Fraunhofer is developing a program for use at
871:As of May 2010, a metamorphic triple-junction
678:Microsystems and Solid State Technologies EMFT
628:International Management and Knowledge Economy
1724:"Security that reflects the times we live in"
1183:National Network for Manufacturing Innovation
572:Energy Economics and Energy System Technology
8:
744:Structural Durability and System Reliability
698:, System Technologies and Image Exploitation
619:Intelligent Analysis and Information Systems
263:
860:(HHI) was a significant contributor to the
664:Materials Recycling and Resource Strategies
587:High-Frequency Physics and Radar Techniques
575:Environmental, Safety and Energy Technology
64:Learn how and when to remove these messages
276:
262:
213:reliable, independent, third-party sources
1914:Scientific organisations based in Germany
1449:. Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft. Archived from
780:Transportation and Infrastructure Systems
249:Learn how and when to remove this message
231:Learn how and when to remove this message
161:Learn how and when to remove this message
786:Wood Research, Wilhelm-Klauditz-Institut
715:Production Systems and Design Technology
652:Manufacturing Engineering and Automation
616:Integrated Systems and Device Technology
512:Applied Optics and Precision Engineering
207:by replacing them with more appropriate
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675:Microstructure of Materials and Systems
190:too closely associated with the subject
1919:20th-century establishments in Bavaria
915:The Fraunhofer Society was founded in
419:). With some 30,800 employees, mainly
1770:"Chronik der Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft"
1676:Popplewell, Brett (20 January 2008).
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672:Microelectronic Circuits and Systems
99:adding citations to reliable sources
1884:1949 establishments in West Germany
858:Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute
566:Electron Beam and Plasma Technology
578:Embedded Systems and Communication
25:
1904:Organizations established in 1949
1565:Rollo, Grant (14 December 2023).
1376:"Satzung von Fraunhofer (German)"
802:Experimental Software Engineering
799:Coatings and Diamond Technologies
712:Process Engineering and Packaging
581:Experimental Software Engineering
45:This article has multiple issues.
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721:Reliability and Microintegration
584:Factory Operation and Automation
542:Ceramic Technologies and Systems
188:may rely excessively on sources
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1889:Engineering research institutes
1635:. Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft. 2012
1145:Christian Otto Mohr (1968–1974)
757:Systems and Innovation Research
709:Physical Measurement Techniques
508:Applied and Integrated Security
86:needs additional citations for
53:or discuss these issues on the
1501:Llanos-Paredes, Pedro (2023).
649:and Applied Materials Research
1:
1098:Fraunhofer-Institut (IME) in
724:Secure Information Technology
1657:. Fraunhofer.de. 19 May 2010
761:Technological Trend Analysis
655:Material and Beam Technology
622:Interfacial Engineering and
539:Cell Therapy and Immunology
415:, which works primarily on
1935:
1142:Franz Kollmann (1964–1968)
1016:technology transfer office
932:German Research Foundation
866:Fraunhofer FDK AAC library
832:Fraunhofer UK Research Ltd
814:Digital Media Technologies
702:Open Communication Systems
1075:Technische Hochschule OWL
838:University of Strathclyde
777:and Experimental Medicine
647:Manufacturing Engineering
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1148:Heinz Keller (1974–1982)
811:Manufacturing Innovation
516:Applied Polymer Research
269:
1894:Laboratories in Germany
1792:Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
1774:Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
1519:10.1093/reseval/rvad028
1480:Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
1397:Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
1283:Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
691:Non-Destructive Testing
569:Electronic Nano Systems
1909:Robotics organizations
1327:Staff (October 2010).
1252:[ˈfraʊnˌhoːfɐ]
1188:Open access in Germany
912:
668:Mechanics of Materials
605:Industrial Mathematics
601:Industrial Engineering
532:Biomedical Engineering
504:Information Technology
393:
1329:"Fraunhofer in Chile"
936:Max Planck Institutes
910:
718:Production Technology
706:Photonic Microsystems
484:Fraunhofer Institutes
433:Joseph von Fraunhofer
27:Research organization
1473:"Annual Report 2018"
1296:Staff (March 2006).
1158:Hans-Jürgen Warnecke
819:Fraunhofer Singapore
740:Solar Energy Systems
498:Scientific Computing
110:"Fraunhofer Society"
95:improve this article
1613:. Hhi.fraunhofer.de
1571:Technology Scotland
1532:Fraunhofer homepage
1507:Research Evaluation
1393:"Fraunhofer Groups"
1308:on 17 November 2011
1279:"Facts and Figures"
1164:Hans-Jörg Bullinger
1137:Hermann von Siemens
783:Wind Energy Systems
748:Surface Engineering
612:Integrated Circuits
595:Ernst-Mach-Institut
591:High-Speed Dynamics
545:Chemical Technology
521:Solid State Physics
492:Systems Engineering
411:(as opposed to the
352:€3.0 billion (2022)
290: (75 years ago)
265:
1879:Fraunhofer Society
1339:on 28 October 2010
1170:Reimund Neugebauer
923:, and the nascent
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765:Telecommunications
658:Material Flow and
642:Forming Technology
413:Max Planck Society
386:Fraunhofer Society
264:Fraunhofer Society
1684:. Toronto, Canada
1453:on 1 January 2014
1447:"The mp3 History"
682:Molecular Biology
552:Computer Graphics
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862:H.264/MPEG-4 AVC
844:Notable projects
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1752:. Retrieved
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1707:. Retrieved
1698:
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1682:Toronto Star
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1593:. Retrieved
1589:the original
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1482:. p. 30
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1451:the original
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93:Please help
88:verification
85:
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47:Please help
44:
1816:(in German)
1754:18 November
1688:12 November
1639:31 December
1457:31 December
1402:28 February
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1166:(2002–2012)
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1154:(1982–1993)
1139:(1955–1964)
1133:(1951–1955)
1127:(1949–1951)
894:initiative.
374:.fraunhofer
1873:Categories
1704:"Roborder"
1343:22 October
1262:References
1119:Presidents
890:documents.
873:solar cell
775:Toxicology
752:Thin Films
736:Technology
634:Technology
560:Technology
528:Production
478:Institutes
421:scientists
331:Key people
205:improve it
195:verifiable
151:March 2012
121:newspapers
50:improve it
1486:20 August
1428:20 August
1152:Max Syrbe
771:-Institut
696:Optronics
660:Logistics
490:Advanced
425:engineers
340:President
322:, Germany
285:Formation
209:citations
56:talk page
1177:See also
898:network.
730:Research
728:Silicate
554:Research
519:Applied
502:Applied
348:Budget
313:Location
1709:30 July
1661:13 July
1617:13 July
1595:13 July
1423:Reuters
1248:German:
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903:History
734:Silicon
686:Ecology
401:
367:Website
358:Staff
293: (
199:neutral
135:scholar
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1042:Munich
966:Munich
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441:Länder
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320:Munich
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1859:(DE)
1476:(PDF)
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632:Laser
486:for:
142:JSTOR
128:books
1849:(UK)
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1756:2017
1711:2021
1690:2016
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1597:2012
1488:2024
1459:2013
1430:2024
1404:2020
1345:2010
1314:2006
1029:, a
973:SMEs
884:IKEA
856:The
849:The
750:and
640:and
423:and
399:lit.
384:The
303:Type
197:and
114:news
1515:doi
1077:in
1027:MP3
851:MP3
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376:.de
372:www
211:to
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