327:
515:(BPD) in the second trimester. Other algorithms take into account other variables, such as whether this is the first or subsequent child, the mother's race, age, length of menstrual cycle, and menstrual regularity. In order to have a standard reference point, the normal pregnancy duration is assumed by medical professionals to be 280 days (or 40 weeks) of gestational age. Furthermore, actual childbirth has only a certain probability of occurring within the limits of the estimated due date. A study of singleton live births determined that childbirth has a
490:
359:
343:
403:
from the beginning of the last menstrual period (without the use of any additional method mentioned in previous section) is substantially larger because of uncertainty which menstrual cycle gave rise to the pregnancy. For example, the menstruation may be scarce enough to give the false appearance that an earlier menstruation gave rise to the pregnancy, potentially giving an estimated gestational age that is approximately one month too large. Also, vaginal bleeding occurs during 15–25% of first trimester
552:
477:
765:
rather than "live births." Only if such newborns survived seven days (168 hours) were they then classified as live births. If, however, they died within that interval, they were classified as stillbirths. If they survived that interval but died within the first 365 days they were classified as infant deaths.
544:
about 2–3% per day between 24 and 26 weeks of gestation. After 26 weeks the rate of survival increases at a much slower rate because survival is high already. Prognosis depends also on medical protocols on whether to resuscitate and aggressively treat a very premature newborn, or whether to provide only
402:
of the ovulation of 9 to 20 days after menstruation even for an average woman who has a mean LMP-to-ovulation time of 14.6. In a reference group representing all women, the 95% prediction interval of the LMP-to-ovulation is 8.2 to 20.5 days. The actual variability between gestational age as estimated
779:
as "The perinatal period commences at 22 completed weeks (154 days) of gestation and ends seven completed days after birth." Perinatal mortality is the death of fetuses or neonates during the perinatal period. A 2013 study found that "While only a small proportion of births occur before 24 completed
764:
in the latter part of the century. Babies who were fewer than 28 weeks of gestational age, or weighed fewer than 1000 grams, or fewer than 35 cm in length – even if they showed some sign of life (breathing, heartbeat, voluntary muscle movement) – were classified as "live fetuses"
543:
survive, while 50 to 70 percent of babies born at 24 to 25 weeks, and more than 90 percent born at 26 to 27 weeks, survive. It is rare for a baby weighing less than 500 g (17.6 ounces) to survive. A baby's chances for survival increases 3–4% per day between 23 and 24 weeks of gestation and
731:
According to the WHO, a preterm birth is defined as "babies born alive before 37 weeks of pregnancy are completed." According to this classification, there are three sub-categories of preterm birth, based on gestational age: extremely preterm (fewer than 28 weeks), very preterm (28 to 32 weeks),
304:
As a general rule, the official gestational age should be based on the actual beginning of the last menstrual period, unless any of the above methods gives an estimated date that differs more than the variability for the method, in which case the difference cannot probably be explained by that
127:
of pregnancies of known gestational age (such as calculated from last menstrual periods) and using the mean gestational age of other embryos or fetuses of the same size. If the gestational age as calculated from an early ultrasound is contradictory to the one calculated directly from the last
309:
variability of ±8% of the estimate, thereby giving a variability of ±0.8 weeks), the difference of 1.0 weeks between the tests is larger than the 2 SD variability of the ultrasonography estimate, indicating that the gestational age estimated by ultrasonography should be used as the official
772:" continue to vary widely internationally, sometimes incorporating weight as well as gestational age. The gestational age for statistical recording of fetal deaths ranges from 16 weeks in Norway, to 20 weeks in the US and Australia, 24 weeks in the UK, and 26 weeks in Italy and Spain.
933:
1561:
Verlato, Giovanna; Gobber, Daniela; Drago, Donatella; Chiandetti, Lino; Drigo, Paola; Working Group of
Intensive Care in the Delivery Room of Extremely Premature Newborns (2016). "Guidelines for Resuscitation in the Delivery Room of Extremely Preterm Infants".
707:
Using the LMP (last menstrual period) method, a full-term human pregnancy is considered to be 40 weeks (280 days), though pregnancy lengths between 38 and 42 weeks are considered normal. A fetus born prior to the 37th week of gestation is considered to be
930:
1500:
The
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (September 2002). "ACOG Practice Bulletin: Clinical Management Guidelines for Obstetrcian-Gynecologists: Number 38, September 2002. Perinatal care at the threshold of viability".
305:
variability alone. For example, if there is a gestational age based on the beginning of the last menstrual period of 9.0 weeks, and a first-trimester obstetric ultrasonography gives an estimated gestational age of 10.0 weeks (with a 2
530:, which estimates the expected date of delivery (EDD) by adding a year, subtracting three months, and adding seven days to the first day of a woman's last menstrual period (LMP) or corresponding date as estimated from other means.
538:
There is no sharp limit of development, gestational age, or weight at which a human fetus automatically becomes viable. According to studies between 2003 and 2005, 20 to 35 percent of babies born at 23
1840:
812:
Child's gestational age at birth (pregnancy length) is associated with various likely causal maternal non-genetic factors: stress during pregnancy, age, parity, smoking, infection and inflammation,
1634:
65:. The popularity of using this measure of pregnancy is largely due to convenience: menstruation is usually noticed, while there is generally no convenient way to discern when fertilization or
493:
Distribution of gestational age at childbirth among singleton live births, given both when gestational age is estimated by first trimester ultrasound and directly by last menstrual period
84:. This definition is unusual for saying that women become "pregnant" two weeks before having sex. The definition of pregnancy and the calculation of gestational age are also relevant
1658:
1126:
Kędzia, Alicja; Woźniak, Jowita; Ziajkiewicz, Marcin; Dudek, Krzysztof; Derkowski, Wojciech (2009). "Foetal age assessment on the basis of selected parameters of head and trunk".
941:
828:. Parental ancestral background (race) also plays a role in pregnancy duration. Gestational age at birth is on average shortened by various pregnancy aspects: twin pregnancy,
1666:
101:
956:"Gestational age in pregnancies conceived after in vitro fertilization: A comparison between age assessed from oocyte retrieval, crown-rump length and biparietal diameter"
398:, which, in turn, occurs on average 14.6 days after the beginning of the preceding menstruation (LMP). There is also considerable variability in this interval, with a 95%
3330:
2066:
Clausson, Britt; Lichtenstein, Paul; Cnattingius, Sven (2000). "Genetic influence on birthweight and gestational length determined by studies in offspring of twins".
53:(LMP), or the corresponding age of the gestation as estimated by a more accurate method, if available. Such methods include adding 14 days to a known duration since
1755:"International Comparisons of Fetal and Neonatal Mortality Rates in High-Income Countries: Should Exclusion Thresholds Be Based on Birth Weight or Gestational Age?"
313:
Once the estimated due date (EDD) is established, it should rarely be changed, as the determination of gestational age is most accurate earlier in the pregnancy.
1865:
2689:
424:
1844:
3950:
1605:
3083:
2658:
1631:
1386:
326:
792:) is sometimes used postnatally (after birth) to estimate various risk factors. For example, it is a better predictor than postnatal age for risk of
1291:; Hartmann, Katherine E. (2008). "Comparison of gestational age at birth based on last menstrual period and ultrasound during the first trimester".
316:
Assessment of gestational age can be made based on selected head and trunk parameters. Following are diagrams for estimating gestational age from
844:. The ratio between fetal growth rate and uterine size (reflecting uterine distension) is suspected to partially determine the pregnancy length.
358:
3247:
780:
weeks of gestation (about 1 per 1000), survival is rare and most of them are either fetal deaths or live births followed by a neonatal death."
3677:
2854:
2784:
1135:
342:
3448:
3323:
2359:
2009:
Bacelis, Jonas; Juodakis, Julius; Waldorf, Kristina M. Adams; Sengpiel, Verena; Muglia, Louis J.; Zhang, Ge; Jacobsson, Bo (2018-10-01).
1655:
3704:
3616:
2958:
2126:
801:
2824:
85:
81:
2859:
2724:
1696:
Anderson, Barbara A; Silver, Brian D (1986). "Infant
Mortality in the Soviet Union: Regional Differences and Measurement Issues".
1544:
1403:
2963:
2663:
2188:
432:
3383:
3316:
3076:
3015:
2729:
1203:
841:
2779:
3378:
3092:
2804:
2711:
2213:
829:
89:
3561:
3458:
3126:
2809:
2769:
2268:
821:
540:
3864:
3157:
2638:
2449:
793:
489:
2422:
503:
The mean pregnancy length has been estimated to be 283.4 days of gestational age as timed from the first day of the
3556:
3069:
2844:
2681:
2439:
2364:
2334:
498:
438:
1753:
Mohangoo, Ashna D; Blondel, Béatrice; Gissler, Mika; Velebil, Petr; MacFarlane, Alison; Zeitlin, Jennifer (2013).
1154:
Geirsson RT (May 1991). "Ultrasound instead of last menstrual period as the basis of gestational age assignment".
3935:
3551:
3418:
2894:
2506:
2246:
2170:
761:
520:
512:
268:
66:
62:
3945:
3468:
3152:
2256:
852:
Family-based studies showed that gestational age at birth is partially (25–40%) determined by genetic factors.
817:
1336:"The length of human pregnancy as calculated by ultrasonographic measurement of the fetal biparietal diameter"
1003:
Robinson, H. P.; Fleming, J. E. E. (1975). "A Critical
Evaluation of Sonar "crown-Rump Length" Measurements".
3463:
2829:
2694:
2432:
2193:
2160:
2119:
212:
128:
menstrual period, it is still the one from the early ultrasound that is used for the rest of the pregnancy.
3694:
2948:
2764:
2329:
2208:
1903:
Dole, N.; Savitz, D. A.; Hertz-Picciotto, I.; Siega-Riz, A. M.; McMahon, M. J.; Buekens, P. (2003-01-01).
1610:
188:
167:
132:
58:
3453:
2943:
2799:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2568:
2521:
2516:
2484:
2304:
504:
407:, and may be mistaken as menstruation, potentially giving an estimated gestational age that is too low.
1249:
Snell, BJ (Nov–Dec 2009). "Assessment and management of bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy".
1820:. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare National Perinatal Statistics Unit, Australian Government
3993:
3672:
3611:
3511:
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3106:
3050:
2989:
2849:
2706:
2630:
2538:
2528:
2324:
2225:
2203:
1766:
1459:"The changing risk of infant mortality by gestation, plurality, and race: 1989-1991 versus 1999-2001"
871:
556:
508:
420:
317:
112:
1813:
3998:
3988:
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2953:
2864:
2819:
2719:
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2479:
2444:
2299:
2220:
2180:
886:
876:
733:
399:
391:
379:
365:
200:
54:
31:
4003:
3433:
2839:
2734:
2699:
2558:
2407:
2319:
2284:
2165:
2112:
2091:
2011:"Uterine distention as a factor in birth timing: retrospective nationwide cohort study in Sweden"
1841:"Further Issues Relating to Late Abortion, Fetal Viability and Registration of Births and Deaths"
1713:
1587:
1365:
1231:
1197:
1179:
1028:
985:
745:
516:
456:
428:
306:
224:
171:
3759:
3647:
3626:
3586:
3408:
3169:
3147:
2918:
2794:
2533:
2474:
2314:
2294:
2289:
2083:
2048:
2030:
1991:
1973:
1934:
1926:
1794:
1579:
1518:
1488:
1445:
1357:
1316:
1308:
1266:
1223:
1171:
1131:
1108:
1073:
1020:
977:
725:
527:
349:
272:
73:
3541:
3516:
2889:
2501:
2374:
2369:
2263:
2075:
2038:
2022:
1981:
1965:
1916:
1885:
1784:
1774:
1705:
1571:
1510:
1478:
1470:
1435:
1427:
1347:
1300:
1258:
1215:
1163:
1100:
1065:
1012:
967:
776:
749:
551:
180:
136:
3965:
3915:
3844:
3819:
3789:
3699:
3606:
3297:
3213:
2938:
2548:
2417:
2309:
2198:
2147:
1662:
1638:
1548:
1407:
937:
813:
713:
545:
450:
333:
124:
1952:
Goldenberg, Robert L.; Culhane, Jennifer F.; Iams, Jay D.; Romero, Roberto (2008-01-05).
1770:
1352:
1335:
1167:
3955:
3839:
3779:
3443:
3438:
3428:
3423:
3388:
3237:
2984:
2899:
2605:
2553:
2251:
2079:
2043:
2010:
1986:
1953:
1789:
1754:
1682:
1541:
1483:
1458:
1440:
1415:
1400:
1288:
1104:
1016:
931:
Obstetric Data
Definitions Issues and Rationale for Change - Gestational Age & Term
423:, which usually occur at specific gestational ages. Hence, the gestational timing of a
152:
1969:
1514:
3982:
3960:
3930:
3910:
3769:
3744:
3667:
3581:
3571:
3566:
3480:
3373:
2994:
2884:
2673:
2648:
2400:
2241:
2155:
1304:
1219:
972:
955:
833:
797:
444:
184:
140:
2095:
1591:
1369:
1235:
1183:
1032:
989:
3799:
3794:
3774:
3754:
3740:
3684:
3531:
3413:
3363:
3030:
2610:
2563:
2511:
2469:
891:
881:
753:
116:
50:
1575:
910:
476:
1779:
3905:
3900:
3874:
3764:
3749:
3730:
3689:
3657:
3652:
3490:
3368:
3292:
3259:
3242:
3061:
3020:
2615:
2573:
2491:
2026:
1889:
769:
460:
1262:
1069:
1052:
760:
differed from common international standards, such as those established by the
3884:
3829:
3824:
3814:
3809:
3662:
3536:
3398:
3393:
3349:
3264:
3179:
3142:
3025:
2543:
2465:
2344:
2139:
816:. Also, preexisting maternal medical conditions with genetic component, e.g.,
108:
Directly calculating the days since the beginning of the last menstrual period
38:
2034:
1977:
1930:
1732:
1312:
1056:
Hunter, L. A. (2009). "Issues in
Pregnancy Dating: Revisiting the Evidence".
3869:
3735:
3714:
3596:
3521:
3473:
3403:
3358:
3218:
2135:
1287:
Hoffman, Caroline S.; Messer, Lynne C.; Mendola, Pauline; Savitz, David A.;
954:
Tunon, K.; Eik-Nes, S. H.; Grøttum, P.; Von Düring, V.; Kahn, J. A. (2000).
866:
861:
837:
717:
404:
395:
295:
Third-trimester obstetric ultrasonography (head circumference, femur length)
148:
77:
46:
2104:
2087:
2052:
1995:
1938:
1798:
1583:
1522:
1492:
1474:
1449:
1320:
1270:
1227:
1175:
1112:
1077:
981:
736:(32 to 37 weeks). Various jurisdictions may use different classifications.
17:
1361:
1024:
3920:
3859:
3849:
3784:
3621:
3601:
3526:
3308:
2904:
2620:
1921:
1904:
1606:"World's most premature baby defies sub-1% survival odds to break record"
1431:
548:, in view of the high risk of severe disability of very preterm babies.
235:
Days from estimated ovulation by basal body temperature record + 14 days
3879:
3854:
3631:
3269:
3208:
3162:
2427:
1876:
Jobe, Alan H (2004). "Post-conceptional age and IVH in ECMO patients".
1717:
1416:"Intensive care for extreme prematurity--moving beyond gestational age"
644:
Using gestational age, births can be classified into broad categories:
1843:. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists UK. Archived from
1733:"The Geodemography of Infant Mortality in the Soviet Union, 1950-1990"
3804:
3591:
3576:
3339:
3203:
3174:
3116:
3111:
2933:
2395:
2390:
825:
757:
1709:
1540:(). What are the chances that my baby will survive?. Available at:
3709:
3276:
3254:
3232:
3223:
3184:
3121:
2999:
2979:
2643:
2412:
721:
550:
488:
475:
284:
120:
1414:
Tyson JE, Parikh NA, Langer J, Green C, Higgins RD (April 2008).
3495:
1839:
Royal
College of Obstetricians; Gynaecologists UK (April 2001).
519:
of 14 days when gestational age is estimated by first-trimester
466:
Birth classification into for example preterm, term or postterm.
283:
Second-trimester obstetric ultrasonography (head circumference,
158:
A more complete listing of methods is given in following table:
3312:
3065:
2108:
740:
In classifying perinatal deaths, stillbirths and infant deaths
435:
can be used to predict the potential consequences to the fetus.
147:
Gestational age can also be estimated by calculating days from
1130:. Vol. 16. Wrocław Scientific Society. pp. 241–246.
526:
The most common system used among healthcare professionals is
523:
and 16 days when estimated directly by last menstrual period.
1053:
A Simple
Solution to Dating Discrepancies: The Rule of Eights
1005:
76:
which takes the date of fertilization as the start date of
1334:
Kieler, H; Axelsson, O; Nilsson, S; Waldenströ, U (1995).
472:
Postnatally (after birth) to estimate various risk factors
82:
different approaches to defining the start of a pregnancy
744:
For most of the 20th century, official definitions of a
646:
104:, the main methods to calculate gestational age are:
1542:
http://www.spensershope.org/chances_for_survival.htm
1388:
The
Developing Human: Clinically Oriented Embryology
942:
American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
567:) at bottom. Weeks and months numbered by gestation.
3893:
3723:
3640:
3504:
3347:
3285:
3193:
3135:
3099:
3043:
3008:
2972:
2926:
2917:
2877:
2672:
2629:
2598:
2591:
2458:
2383:
2352:
2343:
2277:
2234:
2179:
2146:
1818:
Perinatal statistics series no. 27. Cat. no. PER 57
1667:
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
1536:
1534:
911:"Gestational age: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia"
102:
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
1381:
1379:
1204:"Variability in the phases of the menstrual cycle"
507:and 280.6 days when retrospectively estimated by
1812:Li, Z; Zeki, R; Hilder, L; Sullivan, EA (2012).
1410:Retrieved on November 10, 2014. In turn citing:
1748:
1746:
1731:Anderson, Barbara A.; Silver, Brian D. (1994).
940:from Patient Safety and Quality Improvement at
469:Classification of infant deaths and stillbirths
1282:
1280:
1149:
1147:
3834:(American 'crib' and 'cradle', British 'cot')
3324:
3077:
2120:
8:
1656:Ob-Gyns Redefine Meaning of "Term Pregnancy"
1048:
1046:
1044:
1042:
32:Human fertilization § Fertilization age
1677:
1675:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1202:Fehring RJ, Schneider M, Raviele K (2006).
3331:
3317:
3309:
3084:
3070:
3062:
2923:
2595:
2349:
2127:
2113:
2105:
1954:"Epidemiology and causes of preterm birth"
926:
924:
151:if it was estimated from related signs or
2042:
1985:
1920:
1788:
1778:
1482:
1439:
1351:
1251:Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health
1058:Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health
971:
716:and consequently faces increased risk of
415:Gestational age is used for example for:
570:
480:Timeline of pregnancy by gestational age
160:
49:taken from the beginning of the woman's
1340:Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
960:Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
902:
322:
1200:in this interval of 2.6, as given in:
1128:The computer-aided scientific research
574:Completed weeks of gestation at birth
1814:"Australia's Mothers and Babies 2010"
1293:Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology
830:prelabor rupture of (fetal) membranes
563:and point of 50% chance of survival (
251:Second-trimester physical examination
86:in the context of the abortion debate
7:
3449:Infant respiratory distress syndrome
1401:March of Dimes --> Neonatal Death
724:. An estimated due date is given by
394:. It usually occurs within a day of
259:Third-trimester physical examination
243:First-trimester physical examination
164:Method of estimating gestational age
155:, and adding 14 days by convention.
2959:Psychiatric disorders of childbirth
1905:"Maternal stress and preterm birth"
1353:10.1046/j.1469-0705.1995.06050353.x
1168:10.1046/j.1469-0705.1991.01030212.x
802:extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
455:Calculating the results of various
72:Gestational age is contrasted with
2080:10.1111/j.1471-0528.2000.tb13234.x
1457:Luke B, Brown MB (December 2006).
1105:10.1097/01.AOG.0000454932.15177.be
1017:10.1111/j.1471-0528.1975.tb00710.x
808:Factors affecting pregnancy length
712:. A preterm baby is likely to be
25:
1698:Population and Development Review
380:fertilization or conceptional age
199:Days from estimated ovulation in
30:For actual age of gestation, see
27:Measure of the age of a pregnancy
2964:Postpartum physiological changes
2664:Postpartum physiological changes
2189:Assisted reproductive technology
1909:American Journal of Epidemiology
1305:10.1111/j.1365-3016.2008.00965.x
1220:10.1111/j.1552-6909.2006.00051.x
973:10.1046/j.1469-0705.2000.00004.x
848:Heritability of pregnancy length
433:vertically transmitted infection
357:
341:
325:
320:, by various target parameters:
3384:Breastfeeding and mental health
3016:Adaptation to extrauterine life
842:intrauterine growth restriction
768:More recently, thresholds for "
374:Comparison to fertilization age
2659:Maternal physiological changes
1737:PSC Research Report No. 94-316
1208:J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs
1:
3379:Breastfeeding and medications
3093:Development of the human body
2214:partner-assisted reproduction
1970:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60074-4
1576:10.1177/088307380401900106011
1515:10.1016/S0029-7844(02)02260-3
1385:Moore, Keith and Persaud, T.
818:diabetes mellitus type 1
90:beginning of human personhood
45:is a measure of the age of a
3941:Neonatal withdrawal syndrome
3562:Infant cognitive development
3459:Neonatal intensive care unit
1780:10.1371/journal.pone.0064869
1091:"Committee Opinion No 611".
877:Gestation periods in mammals
822:systemic lupus erythematosus
788:Gestational age (as well as
3865:Supplemental nursing system
2450:Traditional birth attendant
2027:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-022929
1890:10.1016/j.jpeds.2004.07.010
1093:Obstetrics & Gynecology
794:intraventricular hemorrhage
115:, comparing the size of an
4020:
3617:Prenatal development table
3557:Irritant diaper dermatitis
2682:Brain health and pollution
1641:ACOG Committee Opinion 404
1564:Journal of Child Neurology
1263:10.1016/j.jmwh.2009.08.007
1070:10.1016/j.jmwh.2008.11.003
499:Estimated date of delivery
496:
439:Estimated date of delivery
29:
3936:Prenatal cocaine exposure
3724:Infant care and equipment
3641:Socialization and Culture
3552:Infant visual development
3419:Infant and toddler safety
2895:Chorionic villus sampling
2247:Obstetric ultrasonography
2171:Pre-conception counseling
1878:The Journal of Pediatrics
1391:, p. 103 (Saunders 2003).
1156:Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol
762:World Health Organization
513:fetal biparietal diameter
269:obstetric ultrasonography
135:, calculating days since
63:obstetric ultrasonography
3946:Parental child abduction
3469:Oral rehydration therapy
2785:Intrahepatic cholestasis
944:. Created November 2012.
650:Gestational Age in Weeks
3951:Parental responsibility
3464:Newborn care and safety
2855:Motor vehicle emissions
2716:Concomitant conditions
2690:environmental toxicants
2433:Auxiliary nurse midwife
2194:artificial insemination
2161:Natural family planning
534:Medical fetal viability
459:, (for example, in the
390:) is the time from the
223:Days from known single
213:artificial insemination
3695:Grandparent visitation
2949:Postpartum confinement
2209:in vitro fertilisation
1611:Guinness World Records
1475:10.1542/peds.2006-1824
568:
494:
485:Estimation of due date
481:
189:in vitro fertilisation
133:in vitro fertilization
59:in vitro fertilization
3454:Infant sleep training
2944:Postpartum depression
2825:Pruritic folliculitis
2569:Unassisted childbirth
554:
505:last menstrual period
492:
479:
51:last menstrual period
3612:Prenatal development
3512:Attachment parenting
3486:Shaken baby syndrome
3051:Gravidity and parity
3031:Congenital disorders
2990:Lactation consultant
2860:Pre-existing disease
2539:Childbirth positions
2529:Rupture of membranes
2226:Unintended pregnancy
2204:fertility medication
1632:Late-Preterm Infants
1432:10.1056/NEJMoa073059
1099:(4): 863–866. 2014.
872:Prenatal development
775:The WHO defines the
640:Birth classification
557:prenatal development
509:obstetric ultrasound
425:fetal toxin exposure
421:prenatal development
318:obstetric ultrasound
298:±8% of the estimate
290:±8% of the estimate
278:±8% of the estimate
113:obstetric ultrasound
3926:Infant ear piercing
2954:Sex after pregnancy
2761:Endocrine diseases
2707:Prenatal depression
2579:Placental expulsion
2497:Uterine contraction
2480:cervical effacement
2221:Fertility awareness
1771:2013PLoSO...864869M
887:Reproductive rights
606:Chance of survival
511:measurement of the
429:fetal drug exposure
400:prediction interval
366:biparietal diameter
201:ovulation induction
172:standard deviations
143:and adding 14 days.
57:(as is possible in
3434:Infant food safety
3248:Emerging adulthood
2730:Hypercoagulability
2559:Natural childbirth
2408:Postterm pregnancy
2166:Male contraceptive
1922:10.1093/aje/kwf176
1847:on 5 November 2013
1669:. October 22, 2013
1661:2017-05-03 at the
1637:2012-05-02 at the
1614:. 10 November 2021
1547:2018-08-09 at the
1406:2014-10-24 at the
1198:standard deviation
936:2013-11-06 at the
569:
565:limit of viability
541:weeks of gestation
517:standard deviation
495:
482:
225:sexual intercourse
3976:
3975:
3836:
3673:Children's rights
3587:Object permanence
3409:Failure to thrive
3306:
3305:
3170:Adult development
3148:Child development
3059:
3058:
3044:Obstetric history
3039:
3038:
3000:Confinement nanny
2913:
2912:
2780:Acute fatty liver
2587:
2586:
2475:cervical dilation
1137:978-83-7374-060-0
790:fertilization age
705:
704:
637:
636:
350:crown-rump length
310:gestational age.
302:
301:
273:crown-rump length
74:fertilization age
16:(Redirected from
4011:
3832:
3517:Baby-led weaning
3333:
3326:
3319:
3310:
3286:Social and legal
3086:
3079:
3072:
3063:
2924:
2890:Cardiotocography
2596:
2502:Vaginal delivery
2375:Nesting instinct
2350:
2335:Rudimentary horn
2264:Prenatal testing
2129:
2122:
2115:
2106:
2100:
2099:
2063:
2057:
2056:
2046:
2006:
2000:
1999:
1989:
1949:
1943:
1942:
1924:
1900:
1894:
1893:
1873:
1867:
1863:
1857:
1856:
1854:
1852:
1836:
1830:
1829:
1827:
1825:
1809:
1803:
1802:
1792:
1782:
1750:
1741:
1740:
1728:
1722:
1721:
1693:
1687:
1686:
1679:
1670:
1653:
1642:
1629:
1623:
1622:
1620:
1619:
1602:
1596:
1595:
1558:
1552:
1538:
1529:
1526:
1496:
1486:
1453:
1443:
1398:
1392:
1383:
1374:
1373:
1355:
1331:
1325:
1324:
1284:
1275:
1274:
1246:
1240:
1239:
1194:
1188:
1187:
1151:
1142:
1141:
1123:
1117:
1116:
1088:
1082:
1081:
1050:
1037:
1036:
1000:
994:
993:
975:
951:
945:
928:
919:
918:
907:
798:premature babies
777:perinatal period
647:
571:
361:
345:
329:
267:First-trimester
181:oocyte retrieval
161:
137:oocyte retrieval
21:
4019:
4018:
4014:
4013:
4012:
4010:
4009:
4008:
3979:
3978:
3977:
3972:
3966:Paternity fraud
3916:Closed adoption
3889:
3845:Infant clothing
3820:Haberman Feeder
3790:Car seat safety
3719:
3700:Infant swimming
3678:UN Child rights
3636:
3547:Gestational age
3500:
3343:
3337:
3307:
3302:
3298:Age of majority
3281:
3214:Early childhood
3189:
3136:Birth and after
3131:
3127:Gestational age
3095:
3090:
3060:
3055:
3035:
3004:
2968:
2939:Postpartum care
2909:
2873:
2776:Liver diseases
2770:Thyroid disease
2668:
2654:Gestational age
2625:
2583:
2549:Labor induction
2454:
2445:Perinatal nurse
2418:Birth attendant
2379:
2339:
2273:
2269:Medical imaging
2230:
2199:fertility fraud
2175:
2142:
2133:
2103:
2065:
2064:
2060:
2021:(10): e022929.
2008:
2007:
2003:
1964:(9606): 75–84.
1951:
1950:
1946:
1902:
1901:
1897:
1875:
1874:
1870:
1864:
1860:
1850:
1848:
1838:
1837:
1833:
1823:
1821:
1811:
1810:
1806:
1752:
1751:
1744:
1730:
1729:
1725:
1710:10.2307/1973432
1695:
1694:
1690:
1683:"Preterm birth"
1681:
1680:
1673:
1663:Wayback Machine
1654:
1645:
1639:Wayback Machine
1630:
1626:
1617:
1615:
1604:
1603:
1599:
1560:
1559:
1555:
1549:Wayback Machine
1539:
1532:
1499:
1456:
1426:(16): 1672–81.
1420:N. Engl. J. Med
1413:
1408:Wayback Machine
1399:
1395:
1384:
1377:
1333:
1332:
1328:
1289:Herring, Amy H.
1286:
1285:
1278:
1248:
1247:
1243:
1201:
1196:Derived from a
1195:
1191:
1153:
1152:
1145:
1138:
1125:
1124:
1120:
1090:
1089:
1085:
1055:
1051:
1040:
1002:
1001:
997:
953:
952:
948:
938:Wayback Machine
929:
922:
915:medlineplus.gov
909:
908:
904:
900:
858:
850:
810:
786:
742:
690:41 0/7 - 41 6/7
682:39 0/7 - 40 6/7
674:37 0/7 - 38 6/7
666:34 0/7 - 36 6/7
653:Classification
642:
546:palliative care
536:
501:
487:
451:fetal viability
413:
376:
369:
362:
353:
346:
337:
334:gestational sac
330:
153:ovulation tests
125:reference group
98:
43:gestational age
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4017:
4015:
4007:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3981:
3980:
3974:
3973:
3971:
3970:
3969:
3968:
3958:
3956:Parenting plan
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3897:
3895:
3891:
3890:
3888:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3840:Infant carrier
3837:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3780:Baby transport
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3738:
3733:
3727:
3725:
3721:
3720:
3718:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3681:
3680:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3644:
3642:
3638:
3637:
3635:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3519:
3514:
3508:
3506:
3502:
3501:
3499:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3477:
3476:
3466:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3444:Infant massage
3441:
3439:Infant formula
3436:
3431:
3429:Infant feeding
3426:
3424:Infant bathing
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3396:
3391:
3389:Bottle feeding
3386:
3381:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3355:
3353:
3345:
3344:
3342:and their care
3338:
3336:
3335:
3328:
3321:
3313:
3304:
3303:
3301:
3300:
3295:
3289:
3287:
3283:
3282:
3280:
3279:
3274:
3273:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3252:
3251:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3238:Preadolescence
3230:
3229:
3228:
3227:
3226:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3197:
3195:
3191:
3190:
3188:
3187:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3166:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3145:
3139:
3137:
3133:
3132:
3130:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3103:
3101:
3097:
3096:
3091:
3089:
3088:
3081:
3074:
3066:
3057:
3056:
3054:
3053:
3047:
3045:
3041:
3040:
3037:
3036:
3034:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3012:
3010:
3006:
3005:
3003:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2985:Health visitor
2982:
2976:
2974:
2970:
2969:
2967:
2966:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2941:
2936:
2930:
2928:
2921:
2915:
2914:
2911:
2910:
2908:
2907:
2902:
2900:Nonstress test
2897:
2892:
2887:
2881:
2879:
2875:
2874:
2872:
2871:
2870:
2869:
2868:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2834:
2833:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2816:Skin diseases
2814:
2813:
2812:
2807:
2802:
2797:
2789:
2788:
2787:
2782:
2774:
2773:
2772:
2767:
2759:
2758:
2757:
2752:
2747:
2742:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2703:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2684:
2678:
2676:
2670:
2669:
2667:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2635:
2633:
2627:
2626:
2624:
2623:
2618:
2613:
2608:
2606:Amniotic fluid
2602:
2600:
2593:
2589:
2588:
2585:
2584:
2582:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2554:Multiple birth
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2525:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2504:
2499:
2494:
2489:
2488:
2487:
2482:
2477:
2462:
2460:
2456:
2455:
2453:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2436:
2435:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2404:
2403:
2393:
2387:
2385:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2377:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2360:Bradley method
2356:
2354:
2347:
2341:
2340:
2338:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2281:
2279:
2275:
2274:
2272:
2271:
2266:
2261:
2260:
2259:
2252:Pregnancy test
2249:
2244:
2238:
2236:
2232:
2231:
2229:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2217:
2216:
2211:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2185:
2183:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2152:
2150:
2144:
2143:
2134:
2132:
2131:
2124:
2117:
2109:
2102:
2101:
2058:
2001:
1944:
1895:
1868:
1858:
1831:
1804:
1742:
1723:
1688:
1671:
1643:
1624:
1597:
1553:
1530:
1528:
1527:
1503:Obstet Gynecol
1497:
1469:(6): 2488–97.
1454:
1393:
1375:
1326:
1299:(6): 587–596.
1276:
1241:
1189:
1143:
1136:
1118:
1083:
1064:(3): 184–190.
1038:
995:
946:
920:
901:
899:
896:
895:
894:
889:
884:
879:
874:
869:
864:
857:
854:
849:
846:
809:
806:
785:
782:
741:
738:
726:Naegele's rule
703:
702:
699:
695:
694:
691:
687:
686:
683:
679:
678:
675:
671:
670:
667:
663:
662:
659:
655:
654:
651:
641:
638:
635:
634:
631:
628:
625:
622:
619:
616:
613:
610:
607:
603:
602:
599:
596:
593:
590:
587:
584:
581:
578:
575:
535:
532:
528:Naegele's rule
497:Main article:
486:
483:
474:
473:
470:
467:
464:
457:prenatal tests
453:
449:Estimation of
447:
441:
436:
419:The events of
412:
409:
375:
372:
371:
370:
363:
356:
354:
347:
340:
338:
331:
324:
300:
299:
296:
292:
291:
288:
280:
279:
276:
264:
263:
260:
256:
255:
252:
248:
247:
244:
240:
239:
236:
232:
231:
228:
220:
219:
216:
208:
207:
204:
196:
195:
192:
176:
175:
165:
145:
144:
129:
109:
97:
94:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4016:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3986:
3984:
3967:
3964:
3963:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3931:Open adoption
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3911:Child neglect
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3898:
3896:
3892:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3835:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3745:Hidden camera
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3728:
3726:
3722:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3679:
3676:
3675:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3668:Child custody
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3645:
3643:
3639:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3582:Nursery rhyme
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3572:Kangaroo care
3570:
3568:
3567:Infant crying
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3509:
3507:
3503:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3487:
3484:
3482:
3481:Preterm birth
3479:
3475:
3472:
3471:
3470:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3395:
3392:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3375:
3374:Breastfeeding
3372:
3370:
3367:
3365:
3362:
3360:
3357:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3334:
3329:
3327:
3322:
3320:
3315:
3314:
3311:
3299:
3296:
3294:
3291:
3290:
3288:
3284:
3278:
3275:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3257:
3256:
3253:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3235:
3234:
3231:
3225:
3222:
3221:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3201:
3199:
3198:
3196:
3192:
3186:
3183:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3150:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3140:
3138:
3134:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3104:
3102:
3098:
3094:
3087:
3082:
3080:
3075:
3073:
3068:
3067:
3064:
3052:
3049:
3048:
3046:
3042:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3013:
3011:
3007:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2995:Monthly nurse
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2971:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2957:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2945:
2942:
2940:
2937:
2935:
2932:
2931:
2929:
2925:
2922:
2920:
2916:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2898:
2896:
2893:
2891:
2888:
2886:
2885:Amniocentesis
2883:
2882:
2880:
2876:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2845:Vaginal flora
2843:
2841:
2838:
2837:
2835:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2817:
2815:
2811:
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2792:
2790:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2737:
2736:
2735:Substance use
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2687:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2679:
2677:
2675:
2671:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2649:Fundal height
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2636:
2634:
2632:
2628:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2607:
2604:
2603:
2601:
2597:
2594:
2590:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2523:
2520:
2518:
2515:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2500:
2498:
2495:
2493:
2490:
2486:
2483:
2481:
2478:
2476:
2473:
2472:
2471:
2467:
2464:
2463:
2461:
2457:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2441:
2438:
2434:
2431:
2430:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2402:
2401:Preterm birth
2399:
2398:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2388:
2386:
2382:
2376:
2373:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2365:Hypnobirthing
2363:
2361:
2358:
2357:
2355:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2342:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2286:
2283:
2282:
2280:
2276:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2258:
2255:
2254:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2242:3D ultrasound
2240:
2239:
2237:
2233:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2215:
2212:
2210:
2207:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2191:
2190:
2187:
2186:
2184:
2182:
2178:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2156:Birth control
2154:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2130:
2125:
2123:
2118:
2116:
2111:
2110:
2107:
2097:
2093:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2074:(3): 375–81.
2073:
2069:
2062:
2059:
2054:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2016:
2012:
2005:
2002:
1997:
1993:
1988:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1948:
1945:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1906:
1899:
1896:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1862:
1859:
1846:
1842:
1835:
1832:
1819:
1815:
1808:
1805:
1800:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1772:
1768:
1765:(5): e64869.
1764:
1760:
1756:
1749:
1747:
1743:
1738:
1734:
1727:
1724:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1704:(4): 705–38.
1703:
1699:
1692:
1689:
1684:
1678:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1657:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1633:
1628:
1625:
1613:
1612:
1607:
1601:
1598:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1557:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1543:
1537:
1535:
1531:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1509:(3): 617–24.
1508:
1504:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1442:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1417:
1412:
1411:
1409:
1405:
1402:
1397:
1394:
1390:
1389:
1382:
1380:
1376:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1354:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1330:
1327:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1290:
1283:
1281:
1277:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1260:
1257:(6): 483–91.
1256:
1252:
1245:
1242:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1214:(3): 376–84.
1213:
1209:
1205:
1199:
1193:
1190:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1150:
1148:
1144:
1139:
1133:
1129:
1122:
1119:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1087:
1084:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1054:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1043:
1039:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1011:(9): 702–10.
1010:
1006:
999:
996:
991:
987:
983:
979:
974:
969:
965:
961:
957:
950:
947:
943:
939:
935:
932:
927:
925:
921:
916:
912:
906:
903:
897:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
860:
859:
855:
853:
847:
845:
843:
839:
835:
834:pre-eclampsia
831:
827:
823:
819:
815:
807:
805:
803:
800:treated with
799:
795:
791:
784:Postnatal use
783:
781:
778:
773:
771:
766:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
739:
737:
735:
729:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
700:
697:
696:
692:
689:
688:
684:
681:
680:
676:
673:
672:
669:Late preterm
668:
665:
664:
660:
657:
656:
652:
649:
648:
645:
639:
632:
629:
626:
623:
620:
617:
614:
611:
608:
605:
604:
600:
597:
594:
591:
588:
585:
582:
579:
576:
573:
572:
566:
562:
558:
553:
549:
547:
542:
533:
531:
529:
524:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
500:
491:
484:
478:
471:
468:
465:
462:
458:
454:
452:
448:
446:
445:prenatal care
442:
440:
437:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
417:
416:
410:
408:
406:
401:
397:
393:
392:fertilization
389:
385:
384:embryonic age
382:(also called
381:
373:
367:
360:
355:
351:
344:
339:
335:
328:
323:
321:
319:
314:
311:
308:
297:
294:
293:
289:
286:
282:
281:
277:
274:
270:
266:
265:
261:
258:
257:
253:
250:
249:
245:
242:
241:
237:
234:
233:
229:
226:
222:
221:
217:
214:
210:
209:
205:
202:
198:
197:
193:
190:
186:
185:co-incubation
182:
178:
177:
173:
169:
166:
163:
162:
159:
156:
154:
150:
142:
141:co-incubation
138:
134:
130:
126:
123:to that of a
122:
118:
114:
110:
107:
106:
105:
103:
100:According to
95:
93:
91:
87:
83:
80:. There are
79:
75:
70:
68:
64:
60:
56:
55:fertilization
52:
48:
44:
40:
33:
19:
3894:Other topics
3833:
3800:Cradle board
3795:Cloth diaper
3755:Baby shampoo
3741:Baby monitor
3731:Baby bouncer
3685:Circumcision
3546:
3532:Birth defect
3414:Immunization
3364:Birth weight
3265:Middle adult
3200:Early years
3100:Before birth
2725:Hypertension
2712:Immunization
2695:in pregnancy
2653:
2611:Amniotic sac
2564:Silent birth
2507:Presentation
2470:Bishop score
2440:Obstetrician
2330:Interstitial
2257:home testing
2071:
2067:
2061:
2018:
2014:
2004:
1961:
1957:
1947:
1915:(1): 14–24.
1912:
1908:
1898:
1881:
1877:
1871:
1861:
1849:. Retrieved
1845:the original
1834:
1822:. Retrieved
1817:
1807:
1762:
1758:
1736:
1726:
1701:
1697:
1691:
1627:
1616:. Retrieved
1609:
1600:
1567:
1563:
1556:
1506:
1502:
1466:
1462:
1423:
1419:
1396:
1387:
1346:(5): 353–7.
1343:
1339:
1329:
1296:
1292:
1254:
1250:
1244:
1211:
1207:
1192:
1162:(3): 212–9.
1159:
1155:
1127:
1121:
1096:
1092:
1086:
1061:
1057:
1008:
1004:
998:
966:(1): 41–46.
963:
959:
949:
914:
905:
892:Fetal rights
882:Abortion law
851:
811:
789:
787:
774:
767:
754:Soviet Union
750:infant death
743:
734:late preterm
732:moderate to
730:
709:
706:
643:
564:
560:
537:
525:
502:
414:
387:
383:
377:
315:
312:
303:
157:
146:
99:
71:
67:implantation
42:
36:
3994:Neonatology
3906:Babywearing
3901:Baby shower
3875:Swim diaper
3765:Baby walker
3750:Baby powder
3690:Foster care
3658:Child abuse
3653:Babysitting
3505:Development
3491:Soy formula
3369:Breast pump
3270:Elder adult
3260:Young adult
3243:Adolescence
3107:Development
3021:Apgar score
2805:Hepatitis C
2791:Infections
2631:Development
2616:Endometrium
2574:Water birth
2492:Bloody show
2423:Men's roles
2353:Preparation
2305:Heterotopic
1570:(1): 31–4.
770:fetal death
698:> 42 0/7
677:Early Term
658:< 37 0/7
577:21 and less
461:triple test
443:Scheduling
405:pregnancies
168:Variability
131:In case of
18:Gestational
3999:Demography
3989:Obstetrics
3983:Categories
3885:Travel cot
3830:Infant bed
3825:High chair
3815:Baby wipes
3810:Diaper bag
3775:Baby swing
3663:Child care
3648:Attachment
3537:Childbirth
3399:Cradle cap
3350:Pediatrics
3180:Senescence
3026:Child care
2919:Postpartum
2878:Procedures
2830:Dermatoses
2686:Nutrition
2544:Home birth
2466:Pelvimetry
2345:Childbirth
2325:Unintended
2181:Conception
2140:childbirth
1618:2022-03-15
1463:Pediatrics
898:References
746:live birth
693:Late Term
685:Full Term
559:, showing
555:Stages in
521:ultrasound
386:and later
211:Days from
179:Days from
69:occurred.
39:obstetrics
4004:Midwifery
3961:Paternity
3870:Swaddling
3736:Baby gate
3715:Wet nurse
3705:Milk bank
3597:Parenting
3522:Baby talk
3474:Pedialyte
3404:Esotropia
3359:Baby food
3255:Adulthood
3219:Childhood
2534:Caesarean
2300:Abdominal
2136:Pregnancy
2035:2044-6055
1978:1474-547X
1931:0002-9262
1884:(2): A2.
1313:0269-5022
867:Maternity
862:Pregnancy
838:eclampsia
722:mortality
718:morbidity
714:premature
701:Postterm
561:viability
396:ovulation
388:fetal age
262:±6 weeks
254:±4 weeks
246:±2 weeks
227:+ 14 days
215:+ 14 days
203:+ 14 days
191:+ 14 days
149:ovulation
78:gestation
61:), or by
47:pregnancy
3921:Cry room
3860:Stroller
3850:Pacifier
3785:Bassinet
3760:Baby toy
3622:Teething
3602:Peekaboo
3542:Crawling
3527:Babbling
3348:Health (
2927:Maternal
2905:Abortion
2850:Bleeding
2800:COVID-19
2765:Diabetes
2750:Cannabis
2700:prenatal
2621:Placenta
2592:Prenatal
2522:shoulder
2517:cephalic
2485:position
2459:Delivery
2320:Postterm
2285:Cervical
2148:Planning
2096:43470321
2088:10740335
2053:30385442
2015:BMJ Open
1996:18177778
1939:12505886
1799:23700489
1759:PLOS ONE
1659:Archived
1635:Archived
1592:20200767
1584:15032380
1545:Archived
1523:12220792
1493:17142535
1450:18420500
1404:Archived
1370:39447672
1321:19000297
1271:19879521
1236:30317703
1228:16700687
1184:29063110
1176:12797075
1113:25244460
1078:19410210
1033:31663686
990:20029116
982:10776011
934:Archived
856:See also
661:Preterm
633:>98%
336:diameter
238:±4 days
230:±3 days
218:±3 days
206:±3 days
88:and the
3880:Teether
3855:Playpen
3632:Weaning
3627:Walking
3340:Infants
3209:Toddler
3163:Puberty
2836:Others
2810:Malaria
2755:Opioids
2745:Alcohol
2740:Smoking
2599:Anatomy
2428:Midwife
2396:Newborn
2315:Ovarian
2295:Ectopic
2290:Cryptic
2235:Testing
2044:6252709
1987:7134569
1790:3658983
1767:Bibcode
1718:1973432
1665:, from
1484:3623686
1441:2597069
1362:8590208
1025:1182090
826:anaemia
752:in the
710:preterm
630:>95%
627:>90%
287:length)
194:±1 day
96:Methods
3805:Diaper
3592:Parent
3577:Mother
3204:Infant
3194:Phases
3175:Ageing
3153:Stages
3117:Embryo
3112:Zygote
3009:Infant
2934:Lochia
2720:Anemia
2639:Embryo
2512:breech
2391:Mother
2370:Lamaze
2094:
2086:
2051:
2041:
2033:
1994:
1984:
1976:
1958:Lancet
1937:
1929:
1851:4 July
1824:4 July
1797:
1787:
1716:
1590:
1582:
1521:
1491:
1481:
1448:
1438:
1368:
1360:
1319:
1311:
1269:
1234:
1226:
1182:
1174:
1134:
1111:
1076:
1031:
1023:
988:
980:
758:Russia
624:80–90%
621:50–80%
618:40–70%
615:10–35%
609:<1%
117:embryo
111:Early
3710:Nanny
3394:Colic
3293:Minor
3277:Dying
3233:Youth
3224:Child
3185:Death
3158:Early
3143:Birth
3122:Fetus
2980:Doula
2973:Roles
2865:Sleep
2840:Drugs
2820:Lupus
2644:Fetus
2413:Doula
2384:Roles
2310:Molar
2278:Types
2092:S2CID
1714:JSTOR
1588:S2CID
1366:S2CID
1232:S2CID
1180:S2CID
1029:S2CID
986:S2CID
612:0–10%
368:(BPD)
352:(CRL)
285:femur
121:fetus
3607:Play
3496:SIDS
2674:Care
2138:and
2084:PMID
2068:BJOG
2049:PMID
2031:ISSN
1992:PMID
1974:ISSN
1935:PMID
1927:ISSN
1853:2013
1826:2013
1795:PMID
1739:: 8.
1580:PMID
1519:PMID
1489:PMID
1446:PMID
1358:PMID
1317:PMID
1309:ISSN
1267:PMID
1224:PMID
1172:PMID
1132:ISBN
1109:PMID
1074:PMID
1021:PMID
978:PMID
756:and
748:and
720:and
411:Uses
378:The
3770:Bib
2795:HIV
2076:doi
2072:107
2039:PMC
2023:doi
1982:PMC
1966:doi
1962:371
1917:doi
1913:157
1886:doi
1882:145
1785:PMC
1775:doi
1706:doi
1572:doi
1551:. .
1511:doi
1507:100
1479:PMC
1471:doi
1467:118
1436:PMC
1428:doi
1424:358
1348:doi
1301:doi
1259:doi
1216:doi
1164:doi
1101:doi
1097:124
1066:doi
1013:doi
968:doi
814:BMI
796:in
601:34
431:or
364:By
348:By
332:By
187:in
183:or
170:(2
139:or
119:or
37:In
3985::
2468:/
2090:.
2082:.
2070:.
2047:.
2037:.
2029:.
2017:.
2013:.
1990:.
1980:.
1972:.
1960:.
1956:.
1933:.
1925:.
1911:.
1907:.
1880:.
1816:.
1793:.
1783:.
1773:.
1761:.
1757:.
1745:^
1735:.
1712:.
1702:12
1700:.
1674:^
1646:^
1608:.
1586:.
1578:.
1568:19
1566:.
1533:^
1517:.
1505:.
1487:.
1477:.
1465:.
1461:.
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