128:
40:
171:), and have a lower five-year survival rate. The survival rate for germinomatous tumors is higher in part because these tumors are very sensitive to radiation, and they also respond well to chemotherapy. The prognosis for nongerminomatous tumours has improved dramatically, however, due to the use of platinum-based chemotherapy regimens.
530:, or with both. This kind of mixed germ cell tumor may be known simply as a teratoma with elements of embryonal carcinoma or choriocarcinoma, or simply by ignoring the teratoma component and referring only to its malignant component: embryonal carcinoma and/or choriocarcinoma. They can present in the
769:
Access to appropriate treatment has a large effect on outcome. A 1993 study of outcomes in
Scotland found that for 454 men with nonseminomatous (nongerminomatous) GCTs diagnosed between 1975 and 1989, five-year survival increased over time and with earlier diagnosis. Adjusting for these and other
542:
Some investigators suggest that this distribution arises as a consequence of abnormal migration of germ cells during embryogenesis. Others hypothesize a widespread distribution of germ cells to multiple sites during normal embryogenesis, with these cells conveying genetic information or providing
719:, while the uterus, the ovary, and the fallopian tube on the opposite side can be left behind. This is not an option when the cancer is in both ovaries. If the patient has finished having children, the surgery involves complete staging, including salpingoophorectomy on both sides, as well as
765:
and benign tumors, and conversely, solid and malignant tumors. Because the cystic extent of a tumor can be estimated by ultrasound, MRI, or CT scan before surgery, this permits selection of the most appropriate surgical plan to minimize risk of spillage of a malignant tumor.
143:, regardless of location in the body. However, as more information about the genetics of these tumors become available, they may be classified based on specific gene mutations that characterize specific tumors. They are broadly divided in two classes:
1414:
International Germ Cell Cancer
Collaborative Group (February 1997). "International Germ Cell Consensus Classification: a prognostic factor-based staging system for metastatic germ cell cancers. International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group".
1614:
1587:
166:
The two classes reflect an important clinical difference. Compared with germinomatous tumors, nongerminomatous tumors tend to grow faster, have an earlier mean age at time of diagnosis (around 25 years versus 35 years, in the case of
1450:
Stankovic ZB, Djukic MK, Savic D, Lukac BJ, Djuricic S, Sedlecki K, Zdravkovic D (October 2006). "Pre-operative differentiation of pediatric ovarian tumors: morphological scoring system and tumor markers".
1641:
1231:
1945:
1148:
Omata T, Kodama K, Watanabe Y, Iida Y, Furusawa Y, Takashima A, et al. (May 2017). "Ovarian teratoma development after anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis treatment".
2471:
1072:
Nielsen OS, Munro AJ, Duncan W, Sturgeon J, Gospodarowicz MK, Jewett MA, et al. (1990). "Is placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) a useful marker for seminoma?".
916:
691:
have a 50 times greater risk of GSTs. In these persons, GSTs usually contain nonseminomatous elements, present at an earlier age, and seldom are gonadal in location.
770:
factors, survival was 60% higher for men treated in a cancer unit that treated the majority of these men, though the unit treated more men with the worst prognosis.
2645:
2640:
1191:
Bebb GG, Grannis FW, Paz IB, Slovak ML, Chilcote R (August 1998). "Mediastinal germ cell tumor in a child with precocious puberty and
Klinefelter syndrome".
2309:
750:). Targeted treatments, such as immunotherapy, hormonal therapy and kinase inhibitors, are being evaluated for tumors that do not respond to chemotherapy.
1783:
758:
The 1997 International Germ Cell
Consensus Classification is a tool for estimating the risk of relapse after treatment of malignant germ-cell tumor.
2385:
2294:
932:"Germ cell tumors of the gonads: a selective review emphasizing problems in differential diagnosis, newly appreciated, and controversial issues"
1938:
1696:
2375:
2266:
1552:
818:
2464:
2103:
1123:
2505:
2065:
2652:
2304:
2021:
2289:
1900:
565:
Of all anterior mediastinal tumors, 15–20% are GCTs of which about 50% are benign teratomas. Ovarian teratomas may be associated with
1494:
Harding MJ, Paul J, Gillis CR, Kaye SB (April 1993). "Management of malignant teratoma: does referral to a specialist unit matter?".
1365:"Molecular Pathways and Targeted Therapies for Malignant Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors and Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors: A Contemporary Review"
1314:"Molecular Pathways and Targeted Therapies for Malignant Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors and Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors: A Contemporary Review"
1263:"Molecular Pathways and Targeted Therapies for Malignant Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors and Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors: A Contemporary Review"
973:"Molecular Pathways and Targeted Therapies for Malignant Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors and Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors: A Contemporary Review"
836:"Molecular Pathways and Targeted Therapies for Malignant Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors and Sex Cord-Stromal Tumors: A Contemporary Review"
2390:
2332:
1931:
1883:
1239:
1056:
2433:
1989:
2738:
2685:
2457:
2428:
566:
2515:
2083:
1711:
1706:
1538:
2728:
1776:
162:
The nongerminomatous or nonseminomatous germ-cell tumors (NGGCT, NSGCT) include all other germ-cell tumors, pure and mixed.
743:
1716:
2743:
2271:
2046:
228:
1984:
2733:
2662:
2564:
632:
2006:
2707:
2438:
1769:
712:
656:. In younger women, they are more common, thus in patients under the age of 21, 60% of ovarian tumors are of the
515:
Mixed germ cell tumors occur in many forms. Among these, a common form is teratoma with endodermal sinus tumor.
2702:
2261:
1649:
1110:
657:
127:
2353:
2413:
2299:
730:
for at least three cycles, but female patients with early-stage disease may not require this treatment. The
681:
642:
559:
2589:
2136:
1879:
1843:
338:
2423:
2189:
2093:
910:
704:
112:
2657:
2011:
785:
731:
688:
531:
84:
2584:
2559:
2520:
2131:
2078:
1838:
1693:
1618:
1544:
716:
523:
313:
2697:
2525:
2380:
2256:
2248:
2073:
2041:
2016:
1519:
1476:
1173:
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2175:
1127:
1048:
1041:
1756:
2496:
2486:
2197:
1958:
1872:
1745:
1548:
1511:
1468:
1432:
1396:
1345:
1294:
1208:
1165:
1089:
1052:
1004:
953:
898:
867:
814:
711:. In general, all patients with malignant GCTs have the same staging surgery that is done for
665:
331:
168:
59:
2028:
1966:
1735:
1503:
1460:
1424:
1386:
1376:
1335:
1325:
1284:
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1200:
1157:
1081:
994:
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943:
857:
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400:
132:
1106:
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2348:
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2167:
2155:
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790:
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527:
361:
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1923:
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2233:
2211:
2141:
2051:
1975:
1912:
1391:
1364:
1340:
1313:
1289:
1262:
999:
972:
862:
835:
649:
436:
260:
240:
1635:
1204:
2722:
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2405:
2395:
2150:
1867:
1854:
1507:
1363:
Maoz A, Matsuo K, Ciccone MA, Matsuzaki S, Klar M, Roman LD, et al. (May 2020).
1312:
Maoz A, Matsuo K, Ciccone MA, Matsuzaki S, Klar M, Roman LD, et al. (May 2020).
1261:
Maoz A, Matsuo K, Ciccone MA, Matsuzaki S, Klar M, Roman LD, et al. (May 2020).
1085:
971:
Maoz A, Matsuo K, Ciccone MA, Matsuzaki S, Klar M, Roman LD, et al. (May 2020).
834:
Maoz A, Matsuo K, Ciccone MA, Matsuzaki S, Klar M, Roman LD, et al. (May 2020).
653:
595:
1740:
1723:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1523:
1480:
224:
Sheets of uniform polygonal cells with cleared cytoplasm; lymphocytes in the stroma
2121:
1907:
1862:
1818:
1177:
1161:
727:
720:
708:
414:
387:
235:
152:
108:
92:
1678:
327:
Poorly differentiated, pleomorphic cells in cords, sheets, or papillary formation
1654:
1464:
664:. In males, GCTs of the testis occur typically after puberty and are malignant (
626:
603:
39:
17:
2238:
2220:
1608:
1428:
1022:
948:
931:
555:
547:
47:
147:
The germinomatous or seminomatous germ-cell tumors (GGCT, SGCT) include only
1808:
1673:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1381:
1330:
1279:
1027:
989:
852:
747:
739:
735:
715:. If the patient is in her reproductive years, an alternative is unilateral
661:
482:
300:
210:
197:
148:
140:
1749:
1472:
1400:
1349:
1298:
1169:
1008:
957:
902:
886:
871:
1515:
1436:
1212:
1093:
2609:
2599:
2554:
2482:
2418:
2319:
2146:
1850:
1813:
726:
Patients with germ-cell cancer often need to be treated with combination
677:
669:
614:
519:
383:
255:
156:
80:
64:
51:
1579:
648:
In females, GCTs account for 30% of ovarian tumors, but only 1 to 3% of
2098:
2088:
761:
A small study of ovarian tumors in girls reports a correlation between
673:
1591:
638:
599:
582:
478:
296:
193:
116:
104:
96:
88:
353:
Poorly differentiated endothelium-like, cuboidal, or columnar cells
1761:
776:
of the testicles has the worst prognosis of all germ-cell cancers.
734:
most commonly used in GCTs is called PEB (or BEP), and consists of
1954:
610:
578:
551:
470:
288:
185:
131:
Germ cells tumors constitute a vast majority of the incidences of
126:
100:
518:
Teratocarcinoma refers to a germ cell tumor that is a mixture of
375:
Cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast without villus formation
762:
621:
589:
558:
and originate outside the gonads. The most notable of these is
2453:
1927:
1765:
562:, the single most common tumor diagnosed in babies at birth.
390:, immature teratoma, teratoma with malignant transformation
813:(21st ed.). New York: McGraw Hill. 2022. p. 690.
577:
Despite their name, GCTs occur both within and outside the
885:
Gill MS, Shah SH, Soomro IN, Kayani N, Hasan SH (2000).
546:
Extragonadal GCTs were thought initially to be isolated
1569:
2671:
2626:
2575:
2545:
2536:
2504:
2495:
2404:
2366:
2341:
2318:
2280:
2247:
2219:
2210:
2188:
2166:
2112:
2064:
1999:
1983:
1974:
1965:
1829:
1799:
1664:
1573:
1453:
Journal of
Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism
58:
32:
1040:
629:— account for 1% to 5% of all germ cell neoplasms
399:Mature teratoma, dermoid cyst usually benign (but
107:). GCTs that originate outside the gonads may be
554:, but many germ cell tumors are now known to be
1047:(7th ed.). Philadelphia: Saunders. p.
1722:Packer RJ, Cohen BH, Cooney K, Coney K (2000).
406:Very variable, but "normal" tissues are common
2641:High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia
2465:
1939:
1777:
1232:"Treatment for germ cell tumors of the ovary"
8:
915:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
887:"Morphological pattern of testicular tumors"
2542:
2501:
2472:
2458:
2450:
2216:
1996:
1980:
1971:
1946:
1932:
1924:
1784:
1770:
1762:
1570:
1226:
1224:
1222:
811:Harrison's principles of internal medicine
341:, also known as yolk sac tumor (EST, YST)
38:
29:
1739:
1390:
1380:
1339:
1329:
1288:
1278:
1109:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
998:
988:
947:
861:
851:
463:
281:
178:
2386:Clear-cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina
1707:Childhood Extracranial Germ Cell Tumors
1039:Robbins SL, Kumar V, Cotran RS (2003).
802:
543:regulatory functions at somatic sites.
95:. Germ cells normally occur inside the
1124:"Clinical Image: Mediastinal Teratoma"
908:
550:from an undetected primary tumor in a
213:(including dysgerminoma and seminoma)
2576:
2376:Squamous-cell carcinoma of the vagina
2267:Endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia
2126:
1844:Endodermal sinus tumor/Yolk sac tumor
1830:
7:
2104:Sex cord tumour with annular tubules
606:locations are most commonly reported
409:Pure tumors do not secrete hCG, AFP
403:required); others usually malignant
271:Placental alkaline phosphate (PLAP)
2653:List of people with prostate cancer
2022:Papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma
2546:
2290:Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
2262:Uterine papillary serous carcinoma
1901:Placental site trophoblastic tumor
1800:
25:
2391:Vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia
2333:Gestational trophoblastic disease
1884:Gestational trophoblastic disease
1238:. 11 January 2012. Archived from
1023:Germinoma, Central Nervous System
2434:Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia
1741:10.1634/theoncologist.2000-0312
1724:"Intracranial germ cell tumors"
699:Women with benign GCTs such as
680:younger than 4 years, most are
613:— a fairly common location for
567:anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis
1193:The Annals of Thoracic Surgery
1162:10.1016/j.braindev.2016.12.003
1:
2310:Villoglandular adenocarcinoma
1712:Extragonadal Germ Cell Tumors
1205:10.1016/S0003-4975(98)00504-9
930:Ulbright TM (February 2005).
744:platinum-based antineoplastic
703:(dermoid cysts) are cured by
139:GCTs are classified by their
111:resulting from errors during
2686:Extramammary Paget's disease
2429:Extramammary Paget's disease
2272:Uterine clear-cell carcinoma
2047:Ovarian clear-cell carcinoma
1508:10.1016/0140-6736(93)91082-W
1465:10.1515/JPEM.2006.19.10.1231
1417:Journal of Clinical Oncology
1086:10.1016/0277-5379(90)90049-y
509:Depends on elements present
506:Depends on elements present
2663:Transitional-cell carcinoma
2565:Germ cell neoplasia in situ
1757:Cancer.Net: Germ Cell Tumor
633:mediastinal germ cell tumor
386:including mature teratoma,
54:, a common germ cell tumor.
2760:
2516:Sertoli–Leydig cell tumour
2229:Uterine fibroids/leiomyoma
2084:Sertoli–Leydig cell tumour
2007:Ovarian serous cystadenoma
1074:European Journal of Cancer
660:, and up to one-third are
630:
87:. Germ-cell tumors can be
2708:Hirsuties coronae glandis
2439:Bartholin gland carcinoma
2381:Botryoid rhabdomyosarcoma
2037:
1429:10.1200/jco.1997.15.2.594
949:10.1038/modpathol.3800310
713:epithelial ovarian cancer
46:
37:
2703:Erythroplasia of Queyrat
2066:Sex cord–gonadal stromal
1985:Glandular and epithelial
1717:Ovarian Germ Cell Tumors
1111:Medical Subject Headings
682:sacrococcygeal teratomas
227:About 10% have elevated
1382:10.3390/cancers12061398
1331:10.3390/cancers12061398
1280:10.3390/cancers12061398
1236:American Cancer Society
1150:Brain & Development
1043:Robbins Basic Pathology
990:10.3390/cancers12061398
853:10.3390/cancers12061398
643:sacrococcygeal teratoma
560:sacrococcygeal teratoma
2739:Male genital neoplasia
2590:Endodermal sinus tumor
2137:Endodermal sinus tumor
1880:Trophoblastic neoplasm
585:. They are found in:}
339:Endodermal sinus tumor
136:
2729:Gynaecological cancer
2424:Papillary hidradenoma
2354:Mixed MĂĽllerian tumor
2305:Glassy-cell carcinoma
2094:Granulosa cell tumour
130:
85:primordial germ cells
2658:Small-cell carcinoma
2295:Clear-cell carcinoma
2012:Mucinous cystadenoma
1537:Verville KM (2009).
942:(Suppl 2): S61–S79.
786:Embryonic stem cells
732:chemotherapy regimen
689:Klinefelter syndrome
532:anterior mediastinum
2744:Germ cell neoplasia
2585:Embryonal carcinoma
2560:Spermatocytic tumor
2521:Sertoli cell tumour
2132:Embryonal carcinoma
2079:Sertoli cell tumour
1990:surface epithelial-
1839:Embryonal carcinoma
1545:Infobase Publishing
1242:on 20 December 2016
717:salpingoophorectomy
524:embryonal carcinoma
314:Embryonal carcinoma
2734:Colorectal surgery
2698:Bowenoid papulosis
2526:Leydig cell tumour
2257:Endometrioid tumor
2074:Leydig cell tumour
2042:Endometrioid tumor
2017:Cystadenocarcinoma
1703:(Pathology images)
1699:2021-04-09 at the
1665:External resources
1502:(8851): 999–1002.
705:ovarian cystectomy
169:testicular cancers
137:
2716:
2715:
2622:
2621:
2618:
2617:
2487:urogenital system
2447:
2446:
2362:
2361:
2206:
2205:
2198:Adenomatoid tumor
2184:
2183:
2060:
2059:
1959:urogenital system
1921:
1920:
1889:Hydatidiform mole
1873:Strumal carcinoid
1688:
1687:
1554:978-1-60413-166-6
1540:Testicular Cancer
1459:(10): 1231–1238.
1080:(10): 1049–1054.
820:978-1-264-26850-4
666:testicular cancer
513:
512:
457:
456:
378:100% secrete hCG
356:100% secrete AFP
275:
274:
151:and its synonyms
133:testicular tumors
83:derived from the
70:
69:
27:Medical condition
16:(Redirected from
2751:
2543:
2502:
2474:
2467:
2460:
2451:
2217:
2127:Nongerminomatous
2029:Krukenberg tumor
1997:
1981:
1972:
1948:
1941:
1934:
1925:
1831:Nongerminomatous
1793:Germ cell tumors
1786:
1779:
1772:
1763:
1753:
1743:
1571:
1559:
1558:
1534:
1528:
1527:
1491:
1485:
1484:
1447:
1441:
1440:
1411:
1405:
1404:
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1384:
1360:
1354:
1353:
1343:
1333:
1309:
1303:
1302:
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1252:
1251:
1249:
1247:
1228:
1217:
1216:
1188:
1182:
1181:
1145:
1139:
1138:
1136:
1135:
1126:. Archived from
1120:
1114:
1104:
1098:
1097:
1069:
1063:
1062:
1046:
1036:
1030:
1019:
1013:
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1002:
992:
968:
962:
961:
951:
936:Modern Pathology
927:
921:
920:
914:
906:
882:
876:
875:
865:
855:
831:
825:
824:
807:
701:mature teratomas
464:
282:
278:Nongerminomatous
179:
42:
30:
21:
18:Germ-cell cancer
2759:
2758:
2754:
2753:
2752:
2750:
2749:
2748:
2719:
2718:
2717:
2712:
2693:Bowen's disease
2667:
2614:
2605:Choriocarcinoma
2571:
2532:
2508:gonadal stromal
2507:
2491:
2478:
2448:
2443:
2400:
2358:
2349:Uterine sarcoma
2337:
2328:Choriocarcinoma
2314:
2276:
2243:
2202:
2180:
2176:Meigs' syndrome
2162:
2156:Choriocarcinoma
2108:
2056:
2033:
1991:
1988:
1961:
1952:
1922:
1917:
1896:Choriocarcinoma
1825:
1795:
1790:
1721:
1701:Wayback Machine
1689:
1684:
1683:
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1190:
1189:
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1117:
1107:Teratocarcinoma
1105:
1101:
1071:
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1066:
1059:
1038:
1037:
1033:
1020:
1016:
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969:
965:
929:
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907:
891:J Pak Med Assoc
884:
883:
879:
833:
832:
828:
821:
809:
808:
804:
799:
791:Cancer research
782:
774:Choriocarcinoma
756:
697:
650:ovarian cancers
641:, particularly
635:
575:
540:
528:choriocarcinoma
462:
362:Choriocarcinoma
280:
177:
125:
73:Germ cell tumor
33:Germ-cell tumor
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2757:
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2747:
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2675:
2669:
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2655:
2650:
2649:
2648:
2638:
2636:Adenocarcinoma
2632:
2630:
2624:
2623:
2620:
2619:
2616:
2615:
2613:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2595:Gonadoblastoma
2592:
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2572:
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2313:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2292:
2286:
2284:
2278:
2277:
2275:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2253:
2251:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2241:
2236:
2234:Leiomyosarcoma
2231:
2225:
2223:
2214:
2208:
2207:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2200:
2194:
2192:
2190:Fallopian tube
2186:
2185:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2178:
2172:
2170:
2164:
2163:
2161:
2160:
2159:
2158:
2153:
2144:
2142:Gonadoblastoma
2139:
2134:
2124:
2118:
2116:
2110:
2109:
2107:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2070:
2068:
2062:
2061:
2058:
2057:
2055:
2054:
2052:Brenner tumour
2049:
2044:
2038:
2035:
2034:
2032:
2031:
2026:
2025:
2024:
2014:
2009:
2003:
2001:
1994:
1978:
1969:
1963:
1962:
1957:of the female
1953:
1951:
1950:
1943:
1936:
1928:
1919:
1918:
1916:
1915:
1913:Gonadoblastoma
1910:
1904:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1892:
1891:
1876:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1847:
1846:
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1835:
1833:
1827:
1826:
1824:
1823:
1822:
1821:
1816:
1805:
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1797:
1796:
1791:
1789:
1788:
1781:
1774:
1766:
1760:
1759:
1754:
1734:(4): 312–320.
1728:The Oncologist
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1686:
1685:
1682:
1681:
1669:
1668:
1666:
1662:
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1658:
1657:
1646:
1638:
1611:
1583:
1578:
1577:
1575:
1574:Classification
1567:
1566:External links
1564:
1561:
1560:
1553:
1547:. p. 76.
1529:
1486:
1442:
1423:(2): 594–603.
1406:
1355:
1304:
1253:
1218:
1199:(2): 547–548.
1183:
1156:(5): 448–451.
1140:
1115:
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963:
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658:germ-cell type
646:
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631:Main article:
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539:
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476:
475:Peak Age (yr)
473:
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455:
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451:
448:
445:
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439:
437:Gonadoblastoma
433:
432:
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190:Peak Age (yr)
188:
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123:Classification
121:
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62:
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2187:
2177:
2174:
2173:
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2169:
2165:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2151:Struma ovarii
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
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2129:
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2125:
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2027:
2023:
2020:
2019:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2004:
2002:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1992:stromal tumor
1986:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1973:
1970:
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1868:Struma ovarii
1866:
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1852:
1849:
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1820:
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1801:Germinomatous
1798:
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1130:on 2018-08-04
1129:
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1058:0-7216-9274-5
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654:North America
651:
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508:
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494:
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490:Tumor marker
489:
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477:
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459:
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365:
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359:
355:
352:
349:
346:
343:
340:
337:
336:
333:
330:secrete hCG,
329:
326:
323:
320:
317:
315:
312:
311:
308:Tumor marker
307:
304:
302:
298:
295:
292:
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287:
284:
283:
277:
270:
268:
266:
264:
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230:
226:
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217:
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212:
209:
208:
205:Tumor marker
204:
201:
199:
195:
192:
189:
187:
184:
181:
180:
175:Germinomatous
174:
172:
170:
161:
158:
154:
150:
146:
145:
144:
142:
134:
129:
122:
120:
118:
114:
110:
109:birth defects
106:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
66:
63:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
36:
31:
19:
2537:
2485:of the male
2122:Dysgerminoma
2113:
1908:Polyembryoma
1863:Dermoid cyst
1856:
1819:Dysgerminoma
1792:
1731:
1727:
1672:
1648:
1640:
1613:
1586:
1539:
1532:
1499:
1495:
1489:
1456:
1452:
1445:
1420:
1416:
1409:
1372:
1368:
1358:
1321:
1317:
1307:
1270:
1266:
1256:
1244:. Retrieved
1240:the original
1235:
1196:
1192:
1186:
1153:
1149:
1143:
1132:. Retrieved
1128:the original
1118:
1102:
1077:
1073:
1067:
1042:
1034:
1021:
1017:
980:
976:
966:
939:
935:
925:
911:cite journal
897:(4): 110–3.
894:
890:
880:
843:
839:
829:
810:
805:
772:
768:
760:
757:
728:chemotherapy
725:
721:hysterectomy
709:oophorectomy
698:
686:
647:
576:
564:
545:
541:
517:
514:
415:Polyembryoma
388:dermoid cyst
236:Dysgerminoma
165:
153:dysgerminoma
138:
76:
72:
71:
2249:Endometrium
1645:: 9060–9100
1375:(6): 1398.
1324:(6): 1398.
1273:(6): 1398.
983:(6): 1398.
846:(6): 1398.
687:Males with
627:mediastinum
609:inside the
604:suprasellar
594:inside the
396:0–3, 15–30
113:development
2723:Categories
2239:Adenomyoma
2221:Myometrium
1134:2011-12-22
797:References
556:congenital
548:metastases
526:, or with
503:Malignant
487:Histology
372:Malignant
350:Malignant
324:Malignant
305:Histology
221:Malignant
202:Histology
48:Micrograph
2681:Carcinoma
2538:Germ cell
2506:Sex cord–
2497:Testicles
2114:Germ cell
1855:Fetus in
1809:Germinoma
1674:eMedicine
1028:eMedicine
754:Prognosis
748:cisplatin
740:etoposide
736:bleomycin
695:Treatment
662:malignant
483:malignant
401:follow-up
301:malignant
211:Germinoma
198:malignant
149:germinoma
141:histology
89:cancerous
60:Specialty
2628:Prostate
2610:Embryoma
2600:Teratoma
2555:Seminoma
2419:Melanoma
2320:Placenta
2147:Teratoma
1851:Teratoma
1814:Seminoma
1750:10964999
1697:Archived
1692:humpath
1524:29536953
1481:35087867
1473:17172084
1401:32485873
1350:32485873
1299:32485873
1170:28040316
1009:32485873
958:15761467
903:10851829
872:32485873
780:See also
742:, and a
678:children
670:neonates
615:teratoma
573:Location
520:teratoma
384:Teratoma
256:Seminoma
157:seminoma
81:neoplasm
65:Oncology
52:seminoma
2342:General
2168:Fibroma
2099:Luteoma
2089:Thecoma
1976:Ovaries
1679:med/863
1655:D009373
1516:8096954
1437:9053482
1392:7353025
1369:Cancers
1341:7353025
1318:Cancers
1290:7353025
1267:Cancers
1246:23 July
1213:9725401
1178:8224022
1094:2148879
1000:7353025
977:Cancers
863:7353025
840:Cancers
674:infants
668:). In
596:cranium
441:9073/1
419:9072/3
366:9100/3
344:9071/3
318:9070/3
261:M9061/3
241:M9060/3
115:of the
79:) is a
2483:Tumors
2368:Vagina
2282:Cervix
2212:Uterus
1967:Adnexa
1955:Tumors
1748:
1551:
1522:
1514:
1496:Lancet
1479:
1471:
1435:
1399:
1389:
1348:
1338:
1297:
1287:
1211:
1176:
1168:
1113:(MeSH)
1092:
1055:
1007:
997:
956:
901:
870:
860:
817:
763:cystic
676:, and
639:pelvis
600:pineal
583:testis
500:15–30
495:Mixed
479:Benign
467:Tumor
422:15–25
369:20–30
321:20–30
297:Benign
285:Tumor
218:40–50
194:Benign
182:Tumor
117:embryo
105:testis
97:gonads
93:benign
2673:Penis
2646:HGPIN
2406:Vulva
1694:#2658
1642:ICD-O
1636:222.0
1609:D29.2
1520:S2CID
1477:S2CID
1174:S2CID
611:mouth
579:ovary
552:gonad
538:Cause
522:with
471:ICD-O
460:Mixed
289:ICD-O
186:ICD-O
101:ovary
50:of a
2000:CMS:
1857:fetu
1746:PMID
1650:MeSH
1619:9-CM
1549:ISBN
1512:PMID
1469:PMID
1433:PMID
1397:PMID
1346:PMID
1295:PMID
1248:2012
1209:PMID
1166:PMID
1090:PMID
1053:ISBN
1005:PMID
954:PMID
917:link
899:PMID
868:PMID
815:ISBN
622:neck
602:and
590:head
581:and
155:and
103:and
2414:SCC
2300:SCC
1736:doi
1632:220
1628:186
1624:183
1615:ICD
1605:D27
1601:C62
1597:C56
1588:ICD
1504:doi
1500:341
1461:doi
1425:doi
1387:PMC
1377:doi
1336:PMC
1326:doi
1285:PMC
1275:doi
1201:doi
1158:doi
1082:doi
1049:664
1026:at
995:PMC
985:doi
944:doi
858:PMC
848:doi
707:or
652:in
481:or
332:AFP
299:or
229:hCG
196:or
91:or
77:GCT
2725::
2577:NG
1882::
1853::
1744:.
1730:.
1726:.
1677::
1653::
1634:,
1630:,
1626:,
1622::
1607:,
1603:,
1599:,
1595::
1592:10
1543:.
1518:.
1510:.
1498:.
1475:.
1467:.
1457:19
1455:.
1431:.
1421:15
1419:.
1395:.
1385:.
1373:12
1371:.
1367:.
1344:.
1334:.
1322:12
1320:.
1316:.
1293:.
1283:.
1271:12
1269:.
1265:.
1234:.
1221:^
1207:.
1197:66
1195:.
1172:.
1164:.
1154:39
1152:.
1088:.
1078:26
1076:.
1051:.
1003:.
993:.
981:12
979:.
975:.
952:.
940:18
938:.
934:.
913:}}
909:{{
895:50
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