800:
621:
Polish-Soviet mixed commission. By the signed agreement, the Polish administration took over them on 4 October 1945. With the detailed demarcation of the western border, it turned out that in many places it was absurd. The statement of the
Potsdam conference that the border should run "directly" west of Świnoujście was put into action so literally that even the water intake for the city of Świnoujście was left abroad. This situation meant that over the years corrections were made to the previously set border route. It was already established in September 1945 that Poland would depart from the German side of
694:
791:
262:
187:
366:
375:
537:
61:
72:
672:
road. In 1949, however, the border was adjusted at the height of the intersection and the Links-Neu
Lienken-Buk road. It was agreed that the entire intersection in Nowe Linky would go to the side of the German Democratic Republic, in exchange for a narrow strip of land lying directly on the west side
689:
agreed to the transfer of a water intake to Poland, located at Lake
Wolgastsee. In June of the following year, an area of 76.5 ha (together with a water treatment plant) was incorporated into Poland, creating a characteristic promontory protruding into the German area. In return, a similarly sized
745:
from 1971 to 1980 when Poles and East
Germans could cross it without a passport or a visa; it was however closed again after a few years, due to economic pressure on the East German economy from Polish shoppers and the desire of the East German government to diminish the influence of the Polish
620:
An urgent issue in the west was the delineation of a border section from Świnoujście to
Gryfino in the terrain. Until autumn 1945, these areas, except Szczecin, were not yet included in the Polish administration. This section of the border was delineated in September and October 1945 by the
269:
Between the 11th and 14th centuries, the German-Polish border moved west or east in various sections at various times. In the early 14th century there were significant shifts of the borders to the east and west in various sections, as a result of which
673:
of the road from Nowe Linki to Buk. In
January 1951, an act was drawn up to delineate the border between the Polish People's Republic and the German Democratic Republic, confirming the Polish administration of the islands between the Western Oder and
294:, however, several decades later both territories were lost by the aforementioned principalities and the border stabilized, in a more eastern course than at present, although the southern section formed not a German-Polish border, but a
345:). The shape of that border roughly resembled that of pre-partition Poland. Germany repeatedly contested the interwar border and even Poland's existence itself, as stated by Chief of the German Army
799:
1594:
769:. For a period, it was "the most heavily policed border in Europe". After Poland joined the European Union in 2004, the border controls were relaxed in agreement with the
2039:
548:
556:
974:
1136:
777:
controls by 2007. The modern borderlands of Poland and
Germany are inhabited by about one million of those countries' citizens within the counties on each side.
1945:
2072:
563:". It roughly matched the centuries-old, historical border between the Medieval Polish and German states. It divided several river cities into two parts –
521:
would remain German. Just before the final protocol was signed, Soviet diplomats made one more amendment according to which the border was to run "west of
1918:
2096:
1860:
433:, the United States, and the United Kingdom, at the Soviets' insistence, and, without any significant consultations with Poland (or Germany), at the
2174:
2159:
2164:
40:
2169:
1902:
1844:
1817:
1790:
1760:
1733:
1703:
1646:
1619:
1578:
1551:
1502:
1475:
1445:
1415:
1363:
1336:
1310:
1283:
1253:
1223:
1193:
1067:
1040:
1010:
2179:
690:
area north of
Mescherin, including the village of Staffelde (Polish: Staw), was transferred from Poland to the German Democratic Republic.
2189:
665:
641:
2154:
1518:
1893:
Bjork, Jim (2014). "Church Fights: Nationality, Class, and the
Politics of Church-Building in a German-Polish Borderland, 1890–1914".
314:
1978:
1673:
325:, a long German-Polish border was settled on, 1,912 km (1,188 mi) long (including a 607 km (377 mi) border with
2106:
1083:
Sadowski, Aleksander Marek (2022). "Sachsen und Polen – Tausend Jahre
Nachbarschaft / Polska i Saksonia – tysiąc lat sąsiedztwa".
1938:
948:
734:
125:
2194:
2065:
953:
747:
2008:
1998:
2219:
445:, replied to Mikołajczyk's question about the western border of Poland that "it should be based on the Oder River". At the
334:
933:
226:, although not necessarily yet a border with Germany, as present-day north-eastern Germany was still inhabited by Slavic
2116:
552:
238:, the Polish western border reached further west than the present one, and Poland bordered the German-ruled marches of
230:
tribes, and German conquests and sovereignty over the tribes were periodic and intermittent. Under first Polish rulers
2209:
2184:
1931:
762:
295:
2126:
2100:
1983:
1973:
1968:
710:
498:
246:
in the southern section of the western border, while the northern section marked the border with the Slavic Lechitic
2214:
2058:
693:
279:
195:
2131:
2092:
1988:
2121:
2034:
1993:
338:
1150:
Knoll, Paul W. (1967). "The stabilization of the Polish Western frontier under Casimir the Great, 1333-1370".
892:
726:
235:
191:
121:
1868:
1543:
Ethnic Cleansing and the European Union: An Interdisciplinary Approach to Security, Memory and Ethnography
649:
426:
1379:
560:
261:
243:
714:
414:
219:
167:
790:
2204:
845:
758:
730:
603:
541:
330:
322:
299:
155:
622:
2029:
864:
754:
718:
614:
247:
186:
116:
979:. Mały Rocznik Statystyczny (in Polish and English). GŁÓWNY URZĄD STATYSTYCZNY. 2013. p. 26.
713:
and the German Democratic Republic on the demarcation of the existing Polish-German border on the
1954:
1159:
1130:
938:
770:
645:
442:
438:
350:
342:
303:
2081:
1898:
1840:
1834:
1813:
1807:
1786:
1780:
1756:
1750:
1729:
1723:
1699:
1693:
1669:
1663:
1642:
1636:
1615:
1609:
1574:
1568:
1547:
1498:
1492:
1471:
1465:
1441:
1435:
1411:
1405:
1359:
1353:
1332:
1306:
1279:
1249:
1243:
1219:
1213:
1189:
1183:
1088:
1063:
1057:
1036:
1030:
1006:
980:
825:
812:
522:
394:
251:
1541:
1326:
1300:
1273:
943:
855:
808:
580:
446:
434:
365:
255:
239:
1108:
Chronik der Stadt Senftenberg und der zum ehemaligen Amte Senftenberg gehörigen Ortschaften
374:
2199:
878:
840:
702:
346:
215:
147:
139:
39:
518:
298:-Polish border until the 1740s. The border disappeared in the late 18th century with the
210:
Germany–Poland border traces its origins to the beginnings of the Polish state, with the
536:
766:
678:
510:
506:
497:. On July 24, for the only time in history, the communist Bierut and the oppositionist
406:
402:
291:
203:
175:
2148:
973:"WARUNKI NATURALNE I OCHRONA ŚRODOWISKA (ENVIRONMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION)".
869:
669:
631:
627:
576:
478:
307:
223:
887:
592:
17:
1776:
976:
MAŁY ROCZNIK STATYSTYCZNY POLSKI 2013 (CONCISE STATISTICAL YEARBOOK OF POLAND 2013)
722:
686:
454:
430:
390:
354:
326:
222:) being one of the earliest natural boundaries of the early Polish state under the
653:
514:
1919:
List of former border crossings on Polish-German border on Polish Knowledge (XXG)
1000:
2024:
1695:
The Political Economy of Divided Islands: Unified Geographies, Multiple Polities
830:
742:
607:
494:
318:
283:
199:
1570:
Imagined, Negotiated, Remembered: Constructing European Borders and Borderlands
902:
883:
859:
657:
588:
584:
564:
530:
486:
398:
171:
1352:
Manfred F. Boemeke; Gerald D. Feldman; Elisabeth Gläser (13 September 1998).
1092:
984:
425:(Nysa) rivers through most of their course. This was agreed upon by the main
1809:
Surveillance and Security: Technological Politics and Power in Everyday Life
916:
906:
738:
568:
466:
275:
231:
897:
470:
462:
170:, with a total length of 467 km (290 mi). It stretches from the
1437:
An Encyclopedic Dictionary of Conflict and Conflict Resolution, 1945-1996
774:
674:
526:
474:
271:
227:
1163:
911:
682:
661:
637:
490:
458:
163:
66:
709:
On 6 June 1950 a declaration was signed between the government of the
1923:
1302:
Genocides by the Oppressed: Subaltern Genocide in Theory and Practice
921:
611:
599:
422:
410:
306:, annexed all of its territories. In 1871 Prussia became part of the
287:
159:
77:
2050:
1519:"Historia linii Curzona: Jak Stalin został obrońcą sprawy polskiej?"
453:, the leaders of the powers decided to hand over to Poland part of
873:
850:
835:
692:
572:
535:
482:
450:
260:
185:
698:
502:
418:
211:
2054:
1927:
1494:
National and European Foreign Policies: Towards Europeanization
1638:
Germany: A Reference Guide from the Renaissance to the Present
717:. After the initial agreement, both countries concluded the
1782:
Communism Unwrapped: Consumption in Cold War Eastern Europe
1002:
The Oder-Neisse Line: a reappraisal under international law
1087:(in German and Polish). No. 5. Ostritz. p. 36.
1865:
Presseurop.eu: European news, cartoons and press reviews
1355:
The Treaty of Versailles: A Reassessment After 75 Years
1056:
Wim Blockmans; Peter Hoppenbrouwers (3 February 2014).
1725:
Borders and Border Regions in Europe and North America
761:, the border became part of the eastern border of the
194:
of then-fragmented Poland. Territories annexed by the
250:. Polish victories against invading German forces at
555:, and resulted in significant westward transfers of
2017:
1961:
1836:
Nation Shapes: The Story Behind the World's Borders
1407:
Communist Regimes in Eastern Europe: Fourth Edition
258:(1017) secured the early western border of Poland.
112:
104:
96:
91:
83:
54:
49:
32:
1861:"Freedom of movement: Schengen is the real Europe"
1785:. Oxford University Press, USA. pp. 377–385.
1687:
1685:
1614:. Britanncia Educational Publishing. p. 193.
1275:Small Nations in Times of Crisis and Confrontation
811:is the largest border city on the German side and
1608:Britannica Educational Publishing (1 June 2013).
1459:
1457:
1237:
1235:
1752:Regions in Central Europe: The Legacy of History
1470:. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 398–399.
1248:. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 419–421.
1491:Reuben Wong; Christopher Hill (27 April 2012).
1755:. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. p. 244.
1717:
1715:
737:of 1990. It was subject to minor corrections (
2066:
1939:
1429:
1427:
1215:Heart of Europe: The Past in Poland's Present
1207:
1205:
815:is the largest border city on the Polish side
547:This border was a compensation to Poland for
540:Boundary stones of Germany and Poland in the
302:, in which Poland's neighbors, including the
8:
1728:. SCERP and IRSC publications. p. 178.
1668:. Brookings Institution Press. p. 147.
1267:
1265:
1177:
1175:
1173:
1024:
1022:
1897:. Palgrave Macmillan UK. pp. 192–213.
1440:. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 543.
1358:. Cambridge University Press. p. 334.
1188:. Cambridge University Press. p. 285.
2073:
2059:
2051:
1946:
1932:
1924:
1567:Kimmo Katajala; Maria Lähteenmäki (2012).
1135:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
685:. In November 1950, the government of the
329:). The border was partially shaped by the
38:
1467:Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966-1945
1245:Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966-1945
1032:Historical Dictionary of Poland 1945-1996
1698:. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 142–143.
1692:Godfrey Baldacchino (21 February 2013).
1305:. Indiana University Press. p. 75.
1218:. Oxford University Press. p. 216.
1059:Introduction to Medieval Europe 300–1500
1895:Borderlands in World History, 1700–1914
1299:Nicholas A. Robins; Adam Jones (2009).
1005:. East European Monographs. p. 6.
965:
501:spoke with one voice, fighting for the
349:already in 1922, and it was the German
1635:Joseph A. Biesinger (1 January 2006).
1611:Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland
1128:
409:) border with Poland and Germany near
29:
1812:. Taylor & Francis. p. 193.
1497:. Taylor & Francis. p. 323.
1125:(in Polish). Petersburg. p. 142.
697:The modern border mostly follows the
525:". Like a trifle, but thanks to this
190:19th-century map of the 13th-century
144:Grenze zwischen Deutschland und Polen
7:
1641:. Infobase Publishing. p. 615.
549:territories lost to the Soviet Union
1573:. LIT Verlag Münster. p. 204.
265:History of border changes of Poland
1779:; Mary Neuburger (8 August 2012).
1665:The New Germany and the New Europe
1546:. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 47.
383:German and Polish boundary markers
341:, the former also affected by the
25:
1833:Fred M. Shelley (23 April 2013).
1434:John E. Jessup (1 January 1998).
1272:Yohanan Cohen (1 February 2012).
1110:(in German). Dresden. p. 67.
1185:The History of Poland Since 1863
1029:Piotr Wróbel (27 January 2014).
949:Territorial evolution of Germany
798:
789:
373:
364:
70:
59:
2175:1945 in international relations
2160:European Union internal borders
1722:Paul Ganster (1 January 1997).
954:Territorial evolution of Poland
757:in Poland and Germany, and the
721:. The border was recognized by
2165:1945 establishments in Germany
1595:"Oznakowanie granic 1945-1990"
1331:. ABC-CLIO. 2005. p. 25.
1278:. SUNY Press. pp. 61–62.
598:It also divided the island of
333:and partially by plebiscites (
198:from Poland marked in yellow (
1:
2170:1945 establishments in Poland
1749:Sven Tägil (1 January 1999).
1410:. Hoover Press. p. 185.
1212:Norman Davies (31 May 2001).
1121:Bogusławski, Wilhelm (1861).
741:) in 1951. The borders were
509:line. Churchill insisted on
393:, the border was drawn from
315:Poland regained independence
87:467 kilometres (290 mi)
2180:West Pomeranian Voivodeship
1839:. ABC-CLIO. pp. 104–.
1540:Lynn Tesser (14 May 2013).
1123:Rys dziejów serbo-łużyckich
763:European Economic Community
735:German–Polish Border Treaty
608:Muskau Park/Park Mużakowski
290:passed to the Polish-ruled
126:German–Polish Border Treaty
2236:
2190:Lower Silesian Voivodeship
2097:2021–present border crisis
2035:German-Czechoslovak border
1062:. Routledge. p. 166.
1035:. Routledge. p. 214.
999:Phillip A. Bühler (1990).
687:German Democratic Republic
441:. Soviet foreign minister
280:Margraviate of Brandenburg
202:) and green (northwestern
196:Margraviate of Brandenburg
2088:
1464:Jerzy Jan Lerski (1996).
1242:Jerzy Jan Lerski (1996).
1106:Paulitz, Johann Gottlob.
278:fell to the German-ruled
37:
1521:. FOCUS.pl. 27 July 2013
934:Germany–Poland relations
711:Polish People's Republic
551:as a consequence of the
335:East Prussian plebiscite
152:Granica polsko-niemiecka
1662:Paul B. Stares (1992).
989:(Downloadable pdf file)
893:Rothenburg, Oberlausitz
781:Border cities and towns
553:Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact
529:got free access to the
192:Duchy of Greater Poland
122:Treaty of Warsaw (1970)
2195:Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
1806:Torin Monahan (2006).
706:
544:
427:Allies of World War II
266:
207:
151:
143:
2220:International borders
2155:Germany–Poland border
1404:Richard Felix Staar.
1182:R. F. Leslie (1980).
821:From north to south:
696:
561:Recovered Territories
539:
499:Stanisław Mikołajczyk
353:in 1939 that started
321:and the 123 years of
264:
189:
136:Germany–Poland border
44:Germany–Poland border
33:Germany–Poland border
2040:German-Soviet Border
1380:"Poland and Germany"
759:German reunification
517:with its region and
397:in the north at the
331:Treaty of Versailles
300:partitions of Poland
236:Bolesław I the Brave
174:in the north to the
27:International border
18:German-Polish border
2030:Inner German border
765:, then that of the
748:Solidarity movement
719:Treaty of Zgorzelec
615:World Heritage Site
513:, which meant that
339:Silesian plebiscite
248:Lutician federation
218:(Nysa) rivers (the
166:, mostly along the
117:Treaty of Zgorzelec
2210:Borders of Germany
2185:Lubusz Voivodeship
1955:Borders of Germany
939:General Government
771:Schengen Agreement
707:
545:
443:Vyacheslav Molotov
439:Potsdam Conference
351:invasion of Poland
343:Silesian Uprisings
304:Kingdom of Prussia
267:
208:
105:Current shape
2215:Borders of Poland
2140:
2139:
2082:Borders of Poland
2048:
2047:
1904:978-1-137-32058-2
1846:978-1-61069-106-2
1819:978-0-415-95393-1
1792:978-0-19-982766-4
1762:978-1-85065-552-7
1735:978-0-925613-23-3
1705:978-1-137-02313-1
1648:978-0-8160-7471-6
1621:978-1-61530-991-7
1580:978-3-643-90257-3
1553:978-1-137-30877-1
1504:978-1-136-71925-7
1477:978-0-313-26007-0
1447:978-0-313-28112-9
1417:978-0-8179-7693-4
1365:978-0-521-62132-8
1338:978-1-57607-800-6
1312:978-0-253-22077-6
1285:978-0-7914-9938-2
1255:978-0-313-26007-0
1225:978-0-19-164713-0
1195:978-0-521-27501-9
1152:The Polish Review
1069:978-1-317-93425-7
1042:978-1-135-92694-6
1012:978-0-88033-174-6
846:Kostrzyn nad Odrą
755:fall of communism
750:on East Germany.
733:, in 1990 in the
731:reunified Germany
604:Ueckermünde Heath
557:German population
542:Ueckermünde Heath
413:. It follows the
401:southward to the
132:
131:
16:(Redirected from
2227:
2075:
2068:
2061:
2052:
1948:
1941:
1934:
1925:
1908:
1880:
1879:
1877:
1876:
1867:. Archived from
1857:
1851:
1850:
1830:
1824:
1823:
1803:
1797:
1796:
1773:
1767:
1766:
1746:
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1739:
1719:
1710:
1709:
1689:
1680:
1679:
1659:
1653:
1652:
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1625:
1605:
1599:
1598:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1564:
1558:
1557:
1537:
1531:
1530:
1528:
1526:
1515:
1509:
1508:
1488:
1482:
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1431:
1422:
1421:
1401:
1395:
1394:
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1376:
1370:
1369:
1349:
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1342:
1323:
1317:
1316:
1296:
1290:
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1209:
1200:
1199:
1179:
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1147:
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1134:
1126:
1118:
1112:
1111:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1080:
1074:
1073:
1053:
1047:
1046:
1026:
1017:
1016:
996:
990:
988:
970:
944:German partition
865:Eisenhüttenstadt
856:Frankfurt (Oder)
809:Frankfurt (Oder)
802:
793:
727:Treaty of Warsaw
715:Oder–Neisse line
640:in exchange for
635:
581:Frankfurt (Oder)
435:Yalta Conference
415:Oder–Neisse line
377:
368:
220:Oder–Neisse line
168:Oder–Neisse line
76:
74:
73:
65:
63:
62:
42:
30:
21:
2235:
2234:
2230:
2229:
2228:
2226:
2225:
2224:
2145:
2144:
2141:
2136:
2084:
2079:
2049:
2044:
2013:
1957:
1952:
1915:
1905:
1892:
1889:
1887:Further reading
1884:
1883:
1874:
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1403:
1402:
1398:
1388:
1386:
1384:The Irish Times
1378:
1377:
1373:
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1339:
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1100:
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1027:
1020:
1013:
998:
997:
993:
972:
971:
967:
962:
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879:Forst (Lausitz)
841:Bad Freienwalde
819:
818:
817:
816:
805:
804:
803:
795:
794:
783:
725:in 1970 in the
703:Lusatian Neisse
625:
387:
386:
385:
384:
380:
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1869:the original
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1513:
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723:West Germany
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600:Usedom/Uznam
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546:
519:Jelenia Góra
477:, Lower and
455:East Prussia
431:Soviet Union
391:World War II
388:
355:World War II
327:East Prussia
312:
268:
209:
135:
133:
2205:Brandenburg
2025:Berlin Wall
2009:Switzerland
1999:Netherlands
1158:(4): 3–29.
831:Nowe Warpno
826:Świnoujście
813:Świnoujście
681:) south of
679:Międzyodrze
626: [
523:Świnoujście
495:Lubusz Land
421:(Odra) and
395:Świnoujście
319:World War I
284:Senftenberg
214:(Odra) and
200:Lubusz Land
108:22 May 1989
97:Established
2149:Categories
1994:Luxembourg
1875:2014-05-15
960:References
884:Bad Muskau
739:land swaps
670:Kołbaskowo
589:Bad Muskau
559:from the "
531:Baltic Sea
399:Baltic Sea
323:partitions
317:following
254:(972) and
172:Baltic Sea
2117:Lithuania
1389:8 October
1131:cite book
1093:2701-6285
985:1640-3630
917:Bogatynia
907:Zgorzelec
729:, and by
654:Barnisław
569:Zgorzelec
515:Wałbrzych
467:Pomerania
276:Czaplinek
232:Mieszko I
2127:Slovakia
2018:Historic
1164:25776735
928:See also
775:passport
675:Regalica
664:and the
610:, now a
606:and the
527:Szczecin
475:Szczecin
337:and the
296:Bohemian
228:Lechitic
158:between
113:Treaties
55:Entities
2132:Ukraine
2112:Germany
2101:Barrier
2093:Belarus
1984:Denmark
1974:Belgium
1969:Austria
1962:Present
1525:6 April
1085:Polonus
912:Ostritz
903:Görlitz
888:Łęknica
860:Słubice
683:Gryfino
662:Pargowo
658:Rosówek
650:Bobolin
638:Altwarp
593:Łęknica
585:Słubice
565:Görlitz
491:Gliwice
487:Wrocław
459:Olsztyn
417:of the
256:Niemcza
252:Cedynia
244:Meissen
240:Lusatia
182:History
164:Germany
92:History
67:Germany
2200:Saxony
2122:Russia
2004:Poland
1989:France
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1816:
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642:Stolec
612:UNESCO
602:, the
471:Gdańsk
463:Elbląg
447:summit
429:– the
423:Neisse
411:Zittau
389:After
313:After
288:Zittau
282:, and
160:Poland
156:border
148:Polish
140:German
128:(1990)
119:(1950)
84:Length
78:Poland
75:
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1160:JSTOR
874:Guben
870:Gubin
851:Lebus
836:Gartz
634:]
623:Rieth
577:Gubin
573:Guben
483:Opole
481:with
469:with
457:with
451:Yalta
272:Wałcz
1899:ISBN
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1787:ISBN
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1730:ISBN
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1670:ISBN
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1527:2020
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1391:2023
1360:ISBN
1333:ISBN
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1250:ISBN
1220:ISBN
1190:ISBN
1137:link
1089:ISSN
1064:ISBN
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1007:ISBN
981:ISSN
905:and
886:and
872:and
858:and
701:and
699:Oder
636:and
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