466:. With Goethe's move to Weimar, his works steadily matured, aligning more with an aesthetic ideal that approached the content and form of classical antiquity. Pursuing this ideal geographically as well, Goethe traveled to Italy in 1786. In Italy, Goethe aimed to rediscover himself as a writer and to become an artist, through formal training in Rome, Europe's 'school of art'. While he failed as an artist, Italy appeared to have made him a better writer. Immediately after his return in the spring of 1788, he freed himself from his previous duties and met Schiller in Rudolstadt in September. This encounter was rather disillusioning for both: Goethe considered Schiller a hothead of the
497:
worked quite in the subjective way, deemed his own fashion the right one, and to defend himself against me, wrote the treatise upon 'Naïve and
Sentimental Poetry.' He proved to me that I myself, against my will, was romantic, and that my 'Iphigenia,' through the predominance of sentiment, was by no means so classical and so much in the antique spirit as some people supposed. The Schlegels took up this idea, and carried it further, so that it has now been diffused over the whole world; and every one talks about classicism and romanticism—of which nobody thought fifty years ago.
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361:(1714–62) defined "aesthetics", which he coined earlier in 1735, with its current intention as the "science" of the "lower faculties" (i.e., feeling, sensation, imagination, memory, et al.), which earlier figures of the Enlightenment had neglected. (The term, however, gave way to misunderstandings due to Baumgarten's use of the
482:
the continuity of these objections partly elucidates the nature of Goethe's ideas in art and how they intermingled with his scientific thinking as well, inasmuch as it gives coherence to Goethe's work. Weimar
Classicism may be seen as an attempt to reconcile—in "binary synthesis"—the vivid feeling emphasized by the
481:
was in opposition to Weimar and German
Classicism, especially to Schiller. It is in this way both may be best understood, even to the degree in which Goethe continuously and stringently criticized it through much of his essays, such as "On Dilettantism", on art and literature. After Schiller's death,
496:
The idea of the distinction between classical and romantic poetry , which is now spread over the whole world, and occasions so many quarrels and divisions, came originally from
Schiller and myself. I laid down the maxim of objective treatment of poetry, and would allow no other; but Schiller, who
365:
in accordance with the German renditions, and consequently this has often led many to falsely undervalue his accomplishment.) It was no inquiry into taste—into positive or negative appeals—nor sensations as such but rather a way of knowledge. Baumgarten's emphasis on the need for such "sensuous"
473:
Schiller's evolution as a writer was following a similar path to Goethe's. He had begun as a writer of wild, violent, emotion-driven plays. In the late 1780s he turned to a more classical style. In 1794, Schiller and Goethe became friends and allies in a project to establish new standards for
577:: the aesthetic form, in which the import of the work is stratified, that emerges from the regulation of forms (these being rhetorical, grammatical, intellectual, and so on) abstracted from the world or created by the artist, with sense relationships prevailing within the employed medium.
629:, where playful and turbulent ironies abound, may perceivably lend Weimar Classicism the double, ironic title "Weimar Romanticism", it must nevertheless be understood that Goethe consistently demanded this distance via irony to be imbued within a work for precipitate aesthetic affect.
540:
to their cause. This alliance later became known as 'Weimar
Classicism', and it came to form a part of the foundation of 19th-century Germany's understanding of itself as a culture and the political
4098:
415:, to her court; the troupe stayed at Anna Amalia's court until 1774. The Seyler Theatre Company was considered "the best theatre company that existed in Germany during that time " and pioneered the
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Between 1786 and
Schiller's death in 1805, he and Goethe worked to recruit a network of writers, philosophers, scholars, artists and even representatives of the natural sciences such as
5511:
4451:
1549:
Daum, Andreas W., "Social
Relations, Shared Practices, and Emotions: Alexander von Humboldt’s Excursion into Literary Classicism and the Challenges to Science around 1800", in
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559:: the inexpressible "felt-thought", or "import", which is alive in the artist and the percipient that he or she finds means to express within the aesthetic form, hence
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353:'s epochal "critical" philosophy. Another, though not as abstract, approach to this problem was a governing concern with the problems of aesthetics. In his
2011:
1872:
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1377:"Social Relations, Shared Practices, and Emotions: Alexander von Humboldt's Excursion into Literary Classicism and the Challenges to Science around 1800"
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159:. Amongst the audience are Herder (second person seated at the far left), Wieland (center, seated with cap) and Goethe (in front of the pillar, right).
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1625:—, "Die ästhetische Gegenwärtigkeit des Vergangenen: Goethes 'Maximen und Reflexionen' über Geschichte und Gesellschaft, Erkenntnis und Erziehung",
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movement (itself named for a play written for the company) as well as serious German theatre and opera. The following year she invited
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Die Ironie im Späwerk
Goethes: "Diese sehr ernsten Scherze": Studien zum West-östlichen Divan, zu den Wanderjahren und zu Faust II
603:
of the art-symbol that it cannot be abstracted except at the cost of destroying the aesthetic relations established by the artist.
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2006:
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335:(1679–1754). This philosophy, circulated widely in many magazines and journals, profoundly directed the subsequent expansion of
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2016:
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Stephenson, R. H., "The
Cultural Theory of Weimar Classicism in the light of Coleridge's Doctrine of Aesthetic Knowledge", in
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583:: Schiller and Goethe reserve this (almost solely) for the forms taken from the world or that are created. In a work of art,
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movement with the clear thought emphasized by the
Enlightenment, thus implying Weimar Classicism is intrinsically un-
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The inability of this common-sense outlook convincingly to bridge "feeling" and "thought", "body" and "mind", led to
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599:(i.e., also the medium through which the artist creates) needs to be in such a complete state of unicity with the
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The starting point of Weimar Classicism, or the era of German classical literature, was in 1771 when the widowed
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Wilkinson, Elizabeth M. and L. A. Willoughby, "'The Whole Man' in Schiller's theory of Culture and Society", in
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to Weimar to educate her two sons. Wieland had just published his modern and ironic mirror-for-princes work,
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1517:, ed. by Dennis F. Mahoney, Vol. 8 of The Camden House History of German Literature, Rochester, N. Y., 2004.
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was called to Weimar in 1775 at the age of 26, also as a tutor for princes, he had become the leader of the
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1278:. Bibliothèque de la Faculté de Philosophie et Lettres de l'Université de Liège (Paris, 1955), pp. 21 ff.
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Dilettantismus und Meisterschaft. Zum Problem des Dilettantismus bei Goethe: Praxis, Theorie, Zeitkritik
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595:"), that is, it should not arouse undue interest, deflecting attention from the aesthetic form. Indeed,
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294:. The movement was eventually concentrated upon Goethe and Schiller, previously also exponents of the
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Although the vociferously unrestricted, even "organic", works that were produced, such as
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movement, to her court in Weimar. The Seyler company was soon thereafter followed by
27:
German literary and cultural movement, whose practitioners established a new humanism
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427:. Wieland became an important friend and collaborator of both Seyler, and later
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395:'s theatre company's arrival in Weimar marked the infancy of Weimar Classicism
320:
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470:, while Schiller saw Goethe's poetic approach in stark contrast to his own.
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2444:
2388:
1287:"Herzogin Anna Amalie von Weimar und ihr Theater," in Robert Keil (ed.),
591:", or "content", when observed in this context) is to be "indifferent" ("
255:, Germany, because the leading authors of Weimar Classicism lived there.
236:
1537:
Einführung in die Literatur des Sturm und Drang und der Weimarer Klassik
1248:
Einführung in die Literatur des Sturm und Drang und der Weimarer Klassik
505:
published works by several women, including a serially published novel,
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477:
By contrast, the contemporaneous and efflorescing literary movement of
343:
501:
The Weimar movement was notable for its inclusion of female writers.
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1836:
Centre for Intercultural Studies—Ernst Cassirer and Weimar Classicism
1794:
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252:
156:
1605:"Der Liebe Maskentanz": Aufsätze zum Werk Christoph Martin Wielands
1392:
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Schiller was very prolific during this period, writing his plays
366:
knowledge was a major abetment to the "pre-Romanticism" known as
5141:
4433:
3455:
3236:
3198:
1854:
1845:
1558:
Schiller's Kalliasbriefe and the Study of his Aesthetic Theory
29:
1360:: Patrons, Petticoats, and the Promotion of Weimar Classicism
411:, including several prominent actors and playwrights such as
1276:
Les Théories esthétiques en Allemagne de Baumgarten à Kant
671:, (stage play, 1773, first on stage: Weimar, May 25, 1773)
1466:
On the Aesthetic Education of Man: In a Series of Letters
5461:Über den Grund des Vergnügens an tragischen Gegenständen
999:Über den Grund des Vergnügens an tragischen Gegenständen
1622:, ed. by Paul Bishop and R. H. Stephenson, Leeds, 2000.
1442:
Goethe's letter to Friedrich Zelter, 25.xii.1829. Cf. "
1362:(Newark, Delaware: University of Delaware Press, 2007).
1034:, ("On the Aesthetic Education of Man", essays, 1795)
718:
Geheime Geschichte des Philosophen Peregrinus Proteus
5512:
What is universal history and why does one study it?
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1444:
Spanische Romanzen, übersetzt von Beauregard Pandin
765:
Ideen zur Philosophie der Geschichte der Menschheit
198:
180:
172:
164:
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1632:—, 'Goethe's Prose Style: Making Sense of Sense',
1484:Amrine, F, Zucker, F. J., and Wheeler, H. (Eds.),
552:These are essentials used by Goethe and Schiller:
425:Der goldne Spiegel oder die Könige von Scheschian
1670:The Classical Age of German Literature 1748–1805
1468:, ed. and trans. by Wilkinson, Elizabeth M. and
752:Volkslieder nebst untermischten anderen Stücken
494:
1656:Essays in German Language, Culture and Society
824:("Trauerspiel", begun in 1775, published 1788)
513:. Other women published by Schiller included
5456:The Theatre Considered as a Moral Institution
5153:
4445:
3210:
1866:
1246:Buschmeier, Matthias; Kauffmann, Kai (2010).
264:Duchess Anna Amalia of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
8:
5700:Friedrich Schiller – The Triumph of a Genius
3339:
3310:
3296:
1641:Goethe's Conception of Knowledge and Science
132:
3405:
2012:Category:Translators of William Shakespeare
1658:, ed. Prawer et al., London, 1969, 177–210.
1587:Nietzsche and Schiller: Untimely Aesthetics
1203:(editorship, many contributions, 1798–1800)
1031:Über die ästhetische Erziehung des Menschen
905:("Reineke Fox", hexametric epic poem, 1794)
5160:
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3203:
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1859:
1851:
1807:Weimar Classicism in Literary Encyclopedia
1634:Publications of the English Goethe Society
1289:Goethe's Tagebuch aus den Jahren 1776–1782
1260:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1134:("The Bride of Messina", stage play, 1803)
913:("Conversations of German Refugees", 1795)
138:
131:
2126:Hans Jakob Christoffel von Grimmelshausen
1795:"Introduction to the Propyläen" by Goethe
1500:Friedrich Nietzsche and Weimar Classicism
1189:(editorship, many contributions, 1796–97)
1183:(edited by Schiller, periodical, 1795–96)
1126:("The Maid of Orleans", stage play, 1801)
797:Metakritik zur Kritik der reinen Vernunft
460:– primarily through his epistolary novel
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
1342:Conversations With Eckermann (1823–1832)
1039:Über naive und sentimentalische Dichtung
741:, tom. I-IV, Leipzig: Göschen 1800–1802)
235:, whose practitioners established a new
1522:Weimarer Klassik: Portrait einer Epoche
1238:
1173:By Goethe and Schiller in collaboration
910:Unterhaltungen deutscher Ausgewanderten
734:Aristipp und einige seiner Zeitgenossen
721:, (novel, Weimar 1788/89; Leipzig 1791)
298:movement, during the period 1788–1805.
4797:The Green Snake and the Beautiful Lily
2136:Christian Hoffmann von Hoffmannswaldau
1535:Buschmeier, Matthias; Kauffmann, Kai:
1486:Goethe and the Sciences: A Reappraisal
1330:equivalents in "poetry" and "fiction".
1253:
921:The Green Snake and the Beautiful Lily
829:Wilhelm Meisters theatralische Sendung
548:Aesthetic and philosophical principles
380:were notable participants for a time.
1498:Bishop, Paul & R. H. Stephenson,
1424:(Berlin: Erich Schmidt Verlag, 1872).
7:
1515:The Literature of German Romanticism
773:Briefe zur Beförderung der Humanität
713:, (tom. I-III, Winterthur 1786–1789)
474:literature and the arts in Germany.
58:adding citations to reliable sources
4531:Gesang der Geister über den Wassern
1572:Goethe and the Scientific Tradition
859:(stage play, 1780–, published 1790)
151:. Schiller reads in the gardens of
5670:Wilhelm Friedrich Hermann Reinwald
5399:Der Antritt des neuen Jahrhunderts
4823:Wilhelm Meister's Journeyman Years
1544:Goethe und die geschichtliche Welt
1387:(1). University of Chicago: 1–37.
25:
5486:On the Aesthetic Education of Man
2161:Anthony Ulrich, Duke of Brunswick
1565:Schiller's Writings on Aesthetics
832:(novel from 1776, published 1911)
792:, (5 collections, Riga 1796–1799)
319:", burgeoned in the synthesis of
251:. It was named after the city of
239:from the synthesis of ideas from
4814:Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship
4480:
4479:
4413:
4412:
1931:Early New High German literature
1356:The Women Writers in Schiller's
931:Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship
801:(essay, Part I+II, Leipzig 1799)
563:is implicit with form. A work's
34:
5491:On Naïve and Sentimental Poetry
5050:Goethe Society of North America
1846:Goethe Society of North America
776:, (collected essays, 1791–1797)
384:Cultural and historical context
145:Weimar's Courtyard of the Muses
45:needs additional citations for
5776:19th-century German literature
5771:18th-century German literature
5658:Alexander von Gleichen-Rußwurm
5334:Das verschleierte Bild zu Sais
1168:(stage play, incomplete, 1805)
1100:(trilogy of stage plays, 1799)
961:", hexametric epic poem, 1798)
851:", stage play, published 1787)
768:(essays, tom. I-IV, 1784–1791)
509:, by Schiller's sister-in-law
1:
5369:Der Gang nach dem Eisenhammer
1926:Middle High German literature
1513:—, "Goethe's Late Verse", in
1433:Borchmeyer, op. cit., p. 358.
943:" I, 1797–, first print 1808)
839:. Ein Schauspiel für Liebende
757:Stimmen der Völker in Liedern
705:, (rhymed novel, Weimar 1780)
697:, (rhymed novel, Weimar 1778)
689:, (rhymed novel, Weimar 1778)
5622:Carl Christoph von Lengefeld
5610:Elisabetha Dorothea Schiller
5529:Wirtembergisches Repertorium
5065:Goethe in the Roman Campagna
4805:The Sorrows of Young Werther
3342:Liberté, égalité, fraternité
2212:Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock
1820:Goethes Allianz mit Schiller
1790:"On the Sublime" by Schiller
1629:, 114, 1997, 101–12; 382–84.
1339:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe,
1300:Borchmeyer, op. cit., p. 58.
814:Johann Wolfgang (von) Goethe
729:, (novel, Leipzig 1796–1797)
676:Die Geschichte der Abderiten
463:The Sorrows of Young Werther
446:Friedrich Maximilian Klinger
262:movement began in 1771 when
5766:German literature by period
5652:Ludwig von Gleichen-Rußwurm
5646:Emilie von Gleichen-Rußwurm
5423:The Criminal of Lost Honour
4584:Nur wer die Sehnsucht kennt
3311:
3154:Adelbert von Chamisso Prize
2289:Annette von Droste-Hülshoff
2217:Jakob Michael Reinhold Lenz
1464:Schiller, J. C. Friedrich,
656:Primary works of the period
492:. On this Goethe remarked:
5792:
5731:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
4948:Catharina Elisabeth Goethe
4461:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
2339:Christian Friedrich Hebbel
2294:Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach
2229:(Friedrich von Hardenberg)
2197:Johann Christoph Gottsched
2192:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
2141:Johann Michael Moscherosch
2063:Walther von der Vogelweide
2017:Reformation era literature
1921:Old High German literature
1882:German-language literature
1354:Holmgren, Janet Besserer,
927:Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre
284:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
185:Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
5736:German literary movements
5379:Der Kampf mit dem Drachen
5329:Die Götter Griechenlandes
4607:The Sorcerer's Apprentice
4467:
4399:
3462:
3451:
3356:Methodological skepticism
3247:
3243:
3232:
2243:Johann Gottfried Schnabel
2182:Barthold Heinrich Brockes
1589:, Clarendon Press, 1996,
1551:Journal of Modern History
1488:, BSPS, D. Reidel, 1987,
1381:Journal of Modern History
1345:. M. Walter Dunne (1901).
357:of 1750 (vol. II; 1758)
137:
5277:Die Huldigung der Künste
5087:(1939 Thomas Mann novel)
5024:Goethe–Schiller Monument
5016:Goethe Monument (Berlin)
5002:Goethe House (Frankfurt)
4741:The Magic Flute Part Two
4517:Die erste Walpurgisnacht
2835:Fritz Zorn (Fritz Angst)
2248:Christoph Martin Wieland
2222:Gotthold Ephraim Lessing
2202:Johann Christian Günther
2083:Gottfried von Strassburg
1916:History of Liechtenstein
1772:Christoph Martin Wieland
1663:Goethe, Poet and Thinker
1472:, Clarendon Press, 1967.
1313:(Munich: Winkler, 1971).
1157:Die Huldigung der Künste
1123:Die Jungfrau von Orleans
984:Friedrich (von) Schiller
973:Die Wahlverwandtschaften
661:Christoph Martin Wieland
567:is not reducible to its
421:Christoph Martin Wieland
280:Christoph Martin Wieland
5616:Charlotte von Lengefeld
5389:Das Lied von der Glocke
5374:Der Ring des Polykrates
5359:Die Kraniche des Ibykus
4892:Metamorphosis of Plants
3179:Leipzig Book Fair Prize
3139:Ingeborg Bachmann Prize
3061:Rudolf Christoph Eucken
2073:Albrecht von Johansdorf
2007:Swiss writers in German
1812:Klassik Stiftung Weimar
1710:Johann Gottfried Herder
1250:(in German). Darmstadt.
1211:(periodical, 1798–1801)
1152:", stage play, 1803/04)
1105:Das Lied von der Glocke
1071:Der Ring des Polykrates
1055:Die Kraniche des Ibykus
872:Venezianische Epigramme
746:Johann Gottfried Herder
288:Johann Gottfried Herder
5741:Neoclassical movements
5604:Johann Kaspar Schiller
3406:
3340:
3306:Enlightened absolutism
3297:
2394:Conrad Ferdinand Meyer
2299:Joseph von Eichendorff
2068:Wolfram von Eschenbach
1911:History of Switzerland
1841:English Goethe Society
1553:91 (March 2019), 1–37.
1502:, Camden House, 2004,
966:Die natürliche Tochter
542:unification of Germany
538:Alexander von Humboldt
499:
405:Seyler Theatre Company
396:
268:Seyler Theatre Company
224:
5664:Christophine Reinwald
5466:Augustenburger Briefe
5126:Pied Piper of Hamelin
4986:Goethe House (Weimar)
4843:Dichtung und Wahrheit
4723:Götz von Berlichingen
3272:Counter-Enlightenment
2710:Christian Morgenstern
2595:Hugo von Hofmannsthal
2500:Rolf Dieter Brinkmann
2284:Adelbert von Chamisso
2078:Heinrich von Morungen
2002:Liechtenstein writers
1755:Jean-Jacques Rousseau
1740:Johann Heinrich Meyer
1601:Reemtsma, Jan Philipp
1453:Selected bibliography
1131:Die Braut von Messina
1007:Augustenburger Briefe
789:Christliche Schriften
511:Caroline von Wolzogen
450:play of the same name
444:movement – named for
391:
193:Caroline von Wolzogen
5746:Age of Enlightenment
5628:Louise von Lengefeld
5476:Über das Pathetische
5471:On Grace and Dignity
5339:Die Teilung der Erde
5263:The Bride of Messina
5117:Young Goethe in Love
5075:Goethe at the Window
5036:Monument (Milwaukee)
4921:Gespräche mit Goethe
4751:The Natural Daughter
4629:West–östlicher Divan
4621:Wanderer's Nightsong
4614:Welcome and Farewell
4562:Hermann and Dorothea
3226:Age of Enlightenment
3169:Heinrich Heine Prize
2735:Erich Maria Remarque
2705:Friederike Mayröcker
2540:Friedrich Dürrenmatt
1520:Borchmeyer, Dieter,
1291:, Veit, 1875, p. 69.
1118:", stage play, 1800)
1015:Über Anmut und Würde
994:, (stage play, 1787)
959:Hermann and Dorothea
955:Hermann und Dorothea
937:Faust. Eine Tragödie
923:", fairy tale, 1795)
845:Iphigenie auf Tauris
683:, Leipzig 1774–1780)
679:, (novel on ancient
646:The Bride of Messina
627:West-östlicher Divan
359:Alexander Baumgarten
313:German Enlightenment
249:Age of Enlightenment
54:improve this article
5449:philosophical works
5256:The Maid of Orleans
5240:Wallenstein's Death
5009:Goethe-Gesellschaft
4789:Elective Affinities
4744:(libretto fragment)
4732:Iphigenia in Tauris
4546:Harzreise im Winter
4485:Cultural depictions
4232:Feijóo y Montenegro
4183:Vorontsova-Dashkova
3149:Sigmund Freud Prize
3144:Georg Büchner Prize
2958:Emine Sevgi Özdamar
2670:Else Lasker-Schüler
2535:Heimito von Doderer
2379:Heinrich von Kleist
2369:Friedrich Hölderlin
2207:Friedrich Hölderlin
2053:Reinmar von Hagenau
1966:Austrian literature
1750:Friedrich Nietzsche
1745:Karl Philipp Moritz
1715:Friedrich Hölderlin
1705:Johann Georg Hamann
1668:Willoughby, L. A.,
1643:, Edinburgh, 1995,
1567:, Manchester, 1961.
977:Elective Affinities
879:Faust. Ein Fragment
849:Iphigenia in Tauris
754:(1778–1779, ²1807:
642:The Maid of Orleans
613:Goethe and Schiller
527:Elisa von der Recke
329:Christian Thomasius
134:
69:"Weimar Classicism"
18:German new humanism
5761:Friedrich Schiller
5692:Friedrich Schiller
5640:Ernst von Schiller
5226:Wallenstein's Camp
5169:Friedrich Schiller
4570:Der König in Thule
3371:Natural philosophy
3159:Hans Fallada Prize
2740:Rainer Maria Rilke
2660:Siegfried Kracauer
2550:Marieluise Fleißer
2465:Johannes R. Becher
2344:Johann Peter Hebel
2238:Friedrich Schiller
1985:Related categories
1906:History of Austria
1901:History of Germany
1760:F. W. J. Schelling
1636:, 66, 1996, 31–41.
1585:Martin, Nicholas,
1560:, The Hague, 1970.
1539:, Darmstadt, 2010.
1524:, Weinheim, 1994,
969:(stage play, 1804)
933:", novel, 1795/96)
897:(stage play, 1793)
841:(stage play, 1776)
687:Hann und Gulpenheh
479:German Romanticism
458:theatrical company
397:
292:Friedrich Schiller
274:, pioneers of the
189:Friedrich Schiller
5756:History of Weimar
5751:Culture in Weimar
5718:
5717:
5676:Weimar Classicism
5634:Karl von Schiller
5496:Über das Erhabene
5437:A magnanimous act
5364:Ritter Toggenburg
5198:Intrigue and Love
5135:
5134:
5077:(1786/7 painting)
4963:Weimar Classicism
4940:Christine Vulpius
4901:Theory of Colours
4658:Der Bürgergeneral
4427:
4426:
4395:
4394:
4391:
4390:
3447:
3446:
3443:
3442:
3420:Scientific method
3277:Critical thinking
3192:
3191:
3184:Nelly Sachs Prize
3071:Gerhart Hauptmann
3028:Wolf Wondratschek
2953:Sharon Dodua Otoo
2790:Berta von Suttner
2765:Arthur Schnitzler
2755:Ernst von Salomon
2545:Lion Feuchtwanger
2450:Ingeborg Bachmann
2364:E. T. A. Hoffmann
2334:Gerhart Hauptmann
2319:Franz Grillparzer
2314:Jeremias Gotthelf
2264:Bettina von Arnim
2187:Christian Gellert
2088:Dietrich von Bern
2043:Der von Kürenberg
1941:Weimar Classicism
1672:, New York, 1966.
1542:Cassirer, Ernst,
1228:works by Schiller
1063:Ritter Toggenburg
894:Der Bürgergeneral
886:Theory of Colours
867:(written 1788–90)
523:Amalie von Imhoff
372:(1765), of which
233:cultural movement
217:Weimar Classicism
214:
213:
133:Weimar Classicism
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
5783:
5660:(great-grandson)
5505:Historical works
5205:Körner's Morning
5162:
5155:
5148:
5139:
5128:
5121:
5111:
5099:
5089:
5079:
5069:
5059:
5052:
5045:
5038:
5028:
5018:
5011:
5004:
4995:
4988:
4979:
4972:
4965:
4958:
4956:Goethean science
4951:
4943:
4924:
4904:
4895:
4883:Natural sciences
4875:
4855:
4846:
4834:Autobiographical
4826:
4817:
4808:
4799:
4792:
4772:
4763:
4754:
4745:
4735:
4726:
4717:
4714:Erwin und Elmire
4708:
4697:
4688:
4679:
4670:
4661:
4641:
4632:
4623:
4616:
4609:
4602:
4593:
4586:
4579:
4572:
4565:
4556:
4549:
4540:
4533:
4526:
4519:
4512:
4505:
4487:
4483:
4482:
4475:
4454:
4447:
4440:
4431:
4416:
4415:
3464:
3453:
3411:
3345:
3316:
3302:
3245:
3234:
3219:
3212:
3205:
3196:
3111:Elfriede Jelinek
3033:Feridun Zaimoğlu
3023:Peter Wawerzinek
2968:Julya Rabinowich
2928:Christian Kracht
2903:Wladimir Kaminer
2893:Elfriede Jelinek
2655:Egon Erwin Kisch
2600:Ödön von Horváth
2580:Marlen Haushofer
2414:Adalbert Stifter
2374:Gottfried Keller
2274:Clemens Brentano
2156:Angelus Silesius
2131:Andreas Gryphius
2058:Hartmann von Aue
2048:Dietmar von Aist
1992:Austrian writers
1971:Swiss literature
1951:Literary realism
1889:Related articles
1875:
1868:
1861:
1852:
1832:
1828:Der späte Goethe
1824:
1816:
1700:Jena Romanticism
1470:L. A. Willoughby
1447:
1440:
1434:
1431:
1425:
1418:
1412:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1373:Daum, Andreas W.
1369:
1363:
1352:
1346:
1337:
1331:
1320:
1314:
1307:
1301:
1298:
1292:
1285:
1279:
1272:
1266:
1265:
1259:
1251:
1243:
1078:Der Geisterseher
1026:, (essays, 1793)
1010:, (essays, 1793)
864:Römische Elegien
809:, (Leipzig 1800)
587:(designated as "
531:Louise Brachmann
507:Agnes von Lilien
331:(1655–1728) and
327:as developed by
260:Weimarer Klassik
225:Weimarer Klassik
149:Theobald von Oer
142:
135:
125:
118:
114:
111:
105:
103:
62:
38:
30:
21:
5791:
5790:
5786:
5785:
5784:
5782:
5781:
5780:
5721:
5720:
5719:
5714:
5708:Beloved Sisters
5630:(mother-in-law)
5624:(father-in-law)
5592:
5548:
5516:
5500:
5448:
5442:
5414:
5408:
5307:
5289:
5233:The Piccolomini
5171:
5166:
5136:
5131:
5124:
5114:
5104:
5095:Lotte in Weimar
5092:
5085:Lotte in Weimar
5082:
5072:
5067:(1787 painting)
5062:
5055:
5048:
5041:
5034:Goethe–Schiller
5031:
5021:
5014:
5007:
5000:
4993:National Museum
4991:
4984:
4975:
4970:Goethe-Institut
4968:
4961:
4954:
4946:
4938:
4927:
4918:
4907:
4898:
4889:
4878:
4869:
4858:
4852:Italian Journey
4849:
4840:
4829:
4820:
4811:
4802:
4795:
4786:
4775:
4766:
4757:
4748:
4738:
4729:
4720:
4711:
4702:
4691:
4682:
4673:
4664:
4655:
4644:
4635:
4626:
4619:
4612:
4605:
4596:
4589:
4582:
4577:Marienbad Elegy
4575:
4568:
4559:
4552:
4543:
4536:
4529:
4522:
4515:
4508:
4501:
4490:
4478:
4471:
4463:
4458:
4428:
4423:
4422:
4409:
4387:
4349:
4251:
4208:
4187:
4134:
4103:
4099:Carvalho e Melo
4087:
4034:
3968:
3920:
3884:
3851:
3770:
3729:
3573:
3458:
3439:
3425:Spanish America
3299:Encyclopédistes
3262:Civil liberties
3239:
3228:
3223:
3193:
3188:
3132:literary awards
3131:
3130:German-language
3125:
3056:Theodor Mommsen
3049:Nobel laureates
3048:
3047:German-language
3042:
2988:Clemens J. Setz
2918:Alexander Kluge
2908:Daniel Kehlmann
2868:Jenny Erpenbeck
2850:
2844:
2815:Josef Weinheber
2775:Kurt Schwitters
2760:Paul Scheerbart
2475:Thomas Bernhard
2433:
2304:Theodor Fontane
2269:Achim von Arnim
2252:
2170:
2099:
2038:Courtly romance
2021:
1980:
1936:Sturm und Drang
1896:German language
1884:
1879:
1830:
1822:
1814:
1803:
1786:
1784:Primary sources
1781:
1776:
1690:S. T. Coleridge
1680:
1675:
1665:, London, 1972.
1627:Goethe-Jahrbuch
1574:, Leeds, 1972,
1570:Nisbet, H. B.,
1546:, Berlin, 1932.
1480:
1475:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1441:
1437:
1432:
1428:
1419:
1415:
1405:
1403:
1371:
1370:
1366:
1353:
1349:
1338:
1334:
1321:
1317:
1308:
1304:
1299:
1295:
1286:
1282:
1273:
1269:
1252:
1245:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1224:works by Goethe
1220:works by Herder
1175:
1042:, (essay, 1795)
1018:, (essay, 1793)
1002:, (essay, 1792)
986:
979:", novel, 1809)
816:
784:, (Lübeck 1795)
748:
663:
658:
619:Wilhelm Meister
615:
610:
608:Primary authors
550:
519:Friederike Brun
485:Sturm und Drang
468:Sturm und Drang
441:Sturm und Drang
417:Sturm und Drang
386:
369:Sturm und Drang
333:Christian Wolff
309:
304:
296:Sturm and Drang
276:Sturm und Drang
227:) was a German
204:Sturm und Drang
160:
153:Schloss Tiefurt
126:
115:
109:
106:
63:
61:
51:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5789:
5787:
5779:
5778:
5773:
5768:
5763:
5758:
5753:
5748:
5743:
5738:
5733:
5723:
5722:
5716:
5715:
5713:
5712:
5704:
5696:
5688:
5683:
5678:
5673:
5667:
5661:
5655:
5649:
5643:
5637:
5631:
5625:
5619:
5613:
5607:
5600:
5598:
5594:
5593:
5591:
5590:
5584:
5578:
5572:
5567:
5562:
5556:
5554:
5550:
5549:
5547:
5546:
5539:
5532:
5524:
5522:
5518:
5517:
5515:
5514:
5508:
5506:
5502:
5501:
5499:
5498:
5493:
5488:
5483:
5481:Kallias-Briefe
5478:
5473:
5468:
5463:
5458:
5452:
5450:
5444:
5443:
5441:
5440:
5433:
5430:The Ghost-Seer
5426:
5418:
5416:
5410:
5409:
5407:
5406:
5404:Das Siegesfest
5401:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5384:Die Bürgschaft
5381:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5331:
5326:
5321:
5315:
5313:
5312:Selected poems
5309:
5308:
5306:
5305:
5297:
5295:
5291:
5290:
5288:
5287:
5280:
5273:
5266:
5259:
5252:
5245:
5244:
5243:
5236:
5229:
5215:
5208:
5201:
5194:
5187:
5179:
5177:
5173:
5172:
5167:
5165:
5164:
5157:
5150:
5142:
5133:
5132:
5130:
5129:
5122:
5112:
5102:
5101:
5100:
5080:
5070:
5060:
5053:
5046:
5039:
5029:
5019:
5012:
5005:
4998:
4997:
4996:
4982:
4981:
4980:
4966:
4959:
4952:
4944:
4935:
4933:
4929:
4928:
4926:
4925:
4915:
4913:
4909:
4908:
4906:
4905:
4896:
4886:
4884:
4880:
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4877:
4876:
4866:
4864:
4860:
4859:
4857:
4856:
4847:
4837:
4835:
4831:
4830:
4828:
4827:
4818:
4809:
4800:
4793:
4783:
4781:
4777:
4776:
4774:
4773:
4769:Torquato Tasso
4764:
4755:
4746:
4736:
4727:
4718:
4709:
4700:
4699:
4698:
4689:
4671:
4662:
4652:
4650:
4646:
4645:
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4642:
4633:
4624:
4617:
4610:
4603:
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4587:
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4527:
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4513:
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4491:
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4468:
4465:
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4459:
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2094:Nibelungenlied
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1997:German writers
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1976:German studies
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1956:Weimar culture
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1779:External links
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1727:
1725:W. v. Humboldt
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1720:A. v. Humboldt
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1685:Ernst Cassirer
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1139:Das Siegesfest
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1101:
1093:
1092:, (poem, 1798)
1089:Die Bürgschaft
1085:
1082:The Ghost-seer
1075:
1074:, (poem, 7987)
1067:
1066:, (poem, 1797)
1059:
1058:, (poem, 1797)
1051:
1050:, (poem, 1797)
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1023:Kallias-Briefe
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5589:(with Goethe)
5588:
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5583:(with Goethe)
5582:
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5577:(with Goethe)
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5349:Der Handschuh
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5107:A Man in Love
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4912:Conversations
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4355:United States
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3580:
3576:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3479:Ashley-Cooper
3477:
3475:
3472:
3471:
3469:
3465:
3461:
3454:
3450:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3410:
3409:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3381:Progressivism
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3351:
3347:
3344:
3343:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3330:Individualism
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3315:
3314:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3301:
3300:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3288:
3285:
3283:
3280:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3270:
3268:
3265:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3253:
3250:
3249:
3246:
3242:
3235:
3231:
3227:
3220:
3215:
3213:
3208:
3206:
3201:
3200:
3197:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3136:
3134:
3128:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3101:Elias Canetti
3099:
3097:
3096:Heinrich Böll
3094:
3092:
3089:
3087:
3086:Hermann Hesse
3084:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3067:
3064:
3062:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3045:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3018:Martin Walser
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2993:Botho Strauss
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2938:Clemens Meyer
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2913:Esther Kinsky
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2878:Durs Grünbein
2876:
2874:
2873:Rainald Goetz
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2855:
2853:
2847:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2810:Robert Walser
2808:
2806:
2803:
2801:
2798:
2796:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2771:
2768:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2746:
2743:
2741:
2738:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2720:Heiner Müller
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2690:Heinrich Mann
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2648:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2635:Erich Kästner
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2585:Hermann Hesse
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2565:Stefan George
2563:
2561:
2558:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2530:Alfred Döblin
2528:
2526:
2523:
2521:
2520:Elias Canetti
2518:
2516:
2513:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2505:Hermann Broch
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2493:
2491:
2488:
2486:
2485:Thomas Brasch
2483:
2481:
2480:Heinrich Böll
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2463:
2461:
2458:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2448:
2446:
2443:
2442:
2440:
2436:
2430:
2429:Ludwig Uhland
2427:
2425:
2422:
2420:
2419:Theodor Storm
2417:
2415:
2412:
2410:
2409:Wilhelm Raabe
2407:
2405:
2402:
2400:
2399:Eduard Mörike
2397:
2395:
2392:
2390:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2354:Georg Herwegh
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2329:Wilhelm Grimm
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2280:
2279:Georg Büchner
2277:
2275:
2272:
2270:
2267:
2265:
2262:
2261:
2259:
2255:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2173:
2167:
2166:Georg Wickram
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2106:
2102:
2096:
2095:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2028:
2024:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1989:
1987:
1983:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1967:
1964:
1962:
1961:Exilliteratur
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1893:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1876:
1871:
1869:
1864:
1862:
1857:
1856:
1853:
1847:
1844:
1842:
1839:
1837:
1834:
1829:
1826:
1821:
1818:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1804:
1801:Other sources
1800:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1787:
1783:
1778:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1767:
1766:Weltliteratur
1763:
1761:
1758:
1756:
1753:
1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
1736:
1733:
1731:
1728:
1726:
1723:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1713:
1711:
1708:
1706:
1703:
1701:
1698:
1696:
1693:
1691:
1688:
1686:
1683:
1682:
1677:
1671:
1667:
1664:
1660:
1657:
1653:
1650:
1649:0-7486-0538-X
1646:
1642:
1638:
1635:
1631:
1628:
1624:
1621:
1617:
1614:
1613:3-251-00453-0
1610:
1606:
1602:
1599:
1596:
1595:0-19-815913-7
1592:
1588:
1584:
1581:
1580:0-85457-050-0
1577:
1573:
1569:
1566:
1562:
1559:
1556:Ellis, John,
1555:
1552:
1548:
1545:
1541:
1538:
1534:
1531:
1530:3-89547-112-7
1527:
1523:
1519:
1516:
1512:
1509:
1508:1-57113-280-5
1505:
1501:
1497:
1495:
1494:90-277-2265-X
1491:
1487:
1483:
1482:
1477:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1445:
1439:
1436:
1430:
1427:
1423:
1417:
1414:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1368:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1351:
1348:
1344:
1343:
1336:
1333:
1329:
1326:word has its
1325:
1319:
1316:
1312:
1306:
1303:
1297:
1294:
1290:
1284:
1281:
1277:
1274:Cf. Nivelle,
1271:
1268:
1263:
1257:
1249:
1242:
1239:
1233:
1231:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1210:
1209:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1197:(poems, 1796)
1196:
1195:
1191:
1188:
1187:Musenalmanach
1185:
1182:
1181:
1177:
1176:
1172:
1167:
1166:
1162:
1159:
1158:
1154:
1151:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1128:
1125:
1124:
1120:
1117:
1113:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1086:
1083:
1079:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1068:
1065:
1064:
1060:
1057:
1056:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1044:
1041:
1040:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1028:
1025:
1024:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1012:
1009:
1008:
1004:
1001:
1000:
996:
993:
992:
988:
987:
983:
978:
974:
971:
968:
967:
963:
960:
956:
953:
950:
949:
945:
942:
938:
935:
932:
928:
925:
922:
918:
915:
912:
911:
907:
904:
903:
902:Reineke Fuchs
899:
896:
895:
891:
888:
887:
883:
880:
877:
874:
873:
869:
866:
865:
861:
858:
857:
853:
850:
846:
843:
840:
838:
834:
831:
830:
826:
823:
822:
818:
817:
813:
808:
807:
803:
800:
798:
794:
791:
790:
786:
783:
782:
778:
775:
774:
770:
767:
766:
762:
759:
758:
753:
750:
749:
745:
740:
736:
735:
731:
728:
727:
723:
720:
719:
715:
712:
711:
707:
704:
703:
699:
696:
695:
691:
688:
685:
682:
678:
677:
673:
670:
669:
665:
664:
660:
655:
653:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
630:
628:
624:
620:
612:
607:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
579:
576:
573:
570:
566:
562:
558:
555:
554:
553:
547:
545:
543:
539:
534:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
515:Sophie Mereau
512:
508:
504:
498:
493:
491:
487:
486:
480:
475:
471:
469:
465:
464:
459:
455:
451:
447:
443:
442:
437:
432:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
394:
390:
383:
381:
379:
375:
371:
370:
364:
360:
356:
352:
351:Immanuel Kant
347:
345:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
318:
317:neo-classical
314:
306:
301:
299:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
256:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
210:
206:
205:
201:
197:
194:
190:
186:
183:
181:Major figures
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
158:
154:
150:
146:
141:
136:
124:
121:
113:
110:February 2017
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
5706:
5698:
5690:
5675:
5672:(son-in-law)
5542:
5535:
5528:
5435:
5428:
5421:
5300:
5282:
5275:
5270:William Tell
5268:
5261:
5254:
5247:
5238:
5231:
5224:
5217:
5210:
5203:
5196:
5189:
5182:
5116:
5106:
5094:
5084:
5074:
5064:
5043:Goethe Prize
5033:
5023:
4977:Goethe Medal
4962:
4919:
4899:
4890:
4870:
4850:
4841:
4821:
4812:
4803:
4787:
4767:
4758:
4749:
4739:
4730:
4721:
4712:
4703:
4692:
4683:
4674:
4665:
4656:
4636:
4627:
4597:
4560:
4544:
4538:Gingo biloba
4473:Bibliography
4403:
4148:Catherine II
3600:Beaumarchais
3430:Universality
3401:Reductionism
3348:
3325:Human rights
3174:Kleist Prize
3164:Goethe Prize
3121:Peter Handke
3116:Herta Müller
3106:Günter Grass
2978:Ingo Schulze
2973:Rafik Schami
2948:Herta Müller
2943:Terézia Mora
2933:Monika Maron
2883:Peter Handke
2849:Contemporary
2840:Stefan Zweig
2830:Christa Wolf
2825:Franz Werfel
2795:Ernst Toller
2785:Anna Seghers
2780:W. G. Sebald
2730:Robert Musil
2725:Adolf Muschg
2715:Erich Mühsam
2675:Kurd Laßwitz
2650:Sarah Kirsch
2645:Irmgard Keun
2625:Ernst Jünger
2610:Peter Huchel
2605:Ricarda Huch
2575:Peter Handke
2570:Günter Grass
2490:Volker Braun
2455:Hermann Bahr
2438:20th century
2424:Ludwig Tieck
2257:19th century
2175:18th century
2146:Martin Opitz
2116:Paul Fleming
2104:Early modern
2092:
1940:
1764:
1735:C. G. Körner
1695:J. G. Fichte
1669:
1662:
1655:
1640:
1633:
1626:
1619:
1604:
1586:
1571:
1564:
1557:
1550:
1543:
1536:
1521:
1514:
1499:
1485:
1465:
1443:
1438:
1429:
1421:
1416:
1406:February 16,
1404:. Retrieved
1384:
1380:
1367:
1359:
1355:
1350:
1340:
1335:
1318:
1310:
1305:
1296:
1288:
1283:
1275:
1270:
1247:
1241:
1215:
1214:
1206:
1200:
1192:
1186:
1178:
1163:
1160:(poem, 1804)
1155:
1150:William Tell
1146:Wilhelm Tell
1145:
1142:(poem, 1803)
1137:
1129:
1121:
1112:Maria Stuart
1111:
1108:(poem, 1799)
1103:
1095:
1087:
1077:
1069:
1061:
1053:
1045:
1037:
1029:
1021:
1013:
1005:
997:
989:
972:
964:
954:
946:
936:
926:
916:
908:
900:
892:
884:
878:
870:
862:
854:
844:
835:
827:
819:
804:
795:
787:
779:
771:
763:
755:
751:
737:, (novel on
732:
724:
716:
710:Dschinnistan
708:
700:
692:
686:
674:
666:
650:William Tell
649:
645:
641:
637:
633:
631:
626:
622:
618:
616:
600:
596:
593:gleichgültig
592:
588:
584:
580:
574:
568:
564:
560:
556:
551:
535:
506:
502:
500:
495:
483:
476:
472:
467:
461:
439:
433:
424:
413:Konrad Ekhof
403:invited the
398:
367:
354:
348:
310:
290:and finally
266:invited the
259:
257:
216:
215:
202:
165:Years active
144:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
5711:(2014 film)
5703:(1940 film)
5695:(1923 film)
5415:prose works
5354:Der Taucher
5324:Resignation
5249:Mary Stuart
5219:Wallenstein
5184:The Robbers
5119:(2010 film)
5097:(1975 film)
4405:Romanticism
4227:Charles III
4068:Poniatowski
4005:Leeuwenhoek
3985:de la Court
3973:Netherlands
3817:Mendelssohn
3812:Lichtenberg
3690:Montesquieu
3408:Sapere aude
3391:Rationalism
3386:Rationality
3376:Objectivity
3091:Nelly Sachs
3081:Thomas Mann
2998:Yoko Tawada
2983:Lutz Seiler
2858:Zsuzsa Bánk
2820:Peter Weiss
2800:Georg Trakl
2750:Nelly Sachs
2745:Joseph Roth
2700:Thomas Mann
2630:Franz Kafka
2620:Uwe Johnson
2615:Ernst Jandl
2555:Erich Fried
2324:Jacob Grimm
1946:Romanticism
1831:(in German)
1823:(in German)
1815:(in German)
1620:Goethe 2000
1563:Kerry, S.,
1116:Mary Stuart
1097:Wallenstein
1047:Der Taucher
917:Das Märchen
781:Terpsichore
726:Agathodämon
694:Schach Lolo
648:(1803) and
638:Mary Stuart
634:Wallenstein
454:Abel Seyler
409:Abel Seyler
401:Anna Amalia
393:Abel Seyler
325:Rationalism
302:Development
272:Abel Seyler
241:Romanticism
5725:Categories
5681:Play drive
5654:(grandson)
5648:(daughter)
5319:Ode to Joy
5212:Don Carlos
5057:Goetheanum
4591:Prometheus
4503:Epiphanias
4247:Villarroel
4242:Jovellanos
4178:Radishchev
4125:Micu-Klein
4063:Niemcewicz
4030:Swammerdam
4020:Nieuwentyt
4010:Mandeville
3865:Farmakidis
3751:Burlamaqui
3660:La Mettrie
3635:Fontenelle
3590:d'Argenson
3585:d'Alembert
3509:Harrington
3435:Utopianism
3335:Liberalism
3292:Empiricism
3267:Classicism
3257:Capitalism
3066:Paul Heyse
3013:Jan Wagner
2695:Klaus Mann
2680:Gert Ledig
2665:Karl Kraus
2590:Georg Heym
2560:Max Frisch
2525:Paul Celan
2460:Vicki Baum
2359:Paul Heyse
2151:Hans Sachs
2111:Simon Dach
1730:C. G. Jung
1234:References
991:Don Karlos
739:Aristippus
355:Aesthetica
321:Empiricism
315:, called "
307:Background
247:, and the
245:Classicism
209:Classicism
199:Influences
147:(1860) by
80:newspapers
5575:Milwaukee
5553:Memorials
5543:Die Horen
5284:Demetrius
4872:Propyläen
4368:Jefferson
4310:Hutcheson
4199:Obradović
4168:Lomonosov
4163:Kheraskov
4073:Śniadecki
3837:Weishaupt
3832:Thomasius
3822:Pufendorf
3665:Lavoisier
3650:d'Holbach
3645:Helvétius
3625:Descartes
3620:Condorcet
3615:Condillac
3549:Priestley
3366:Modernity
3287:Democracy
2233:Jean Paul
2121:Hans Folz
2033:Minnesang
1478:Secondary
1446:" (1823).
1401:151051482
1256:cite book
1208:Propyläen
1180:Die Horen
1165:Demetrius
1084:", (1789)
806:Kalligone
503:Die Horen
168:1788–1805
5666:(sister)
5612:(mother)
5606:(father)
5581:Syracuse
5570:Columbus
5521:Journals
5447:Selected
5413:Selected
5294:Libretti
5026:(Weimar)
4950:(mother)
4863:Journals
4694:Faust II
4510:Erlkönig
4418:Category
4363:Franklin
4330:Playfair
4300:Ferguson
4257:Scotland
4204:Mrazović
4158:Kantemir
4153:Fonvizin
4092:Portugal
4058:Krasicki
4053:Konarski
4048:Kołłątaj
4000:Koerbagh
3949:Genovesi
3934:Beccaria
3896:Berkeley
3827:Schiller
3792:Humboldt
3766:Saussure
3761:Rousseau
3725:Voltaire
3680:Maréchal
3655:Jaucourt
3610:Châtelet
3605:Chamfort
3554:Reynolds
3457:Thinkers
3361:Midlands
3350:Lumières
3320:Humanism
3313:Haskalah
3038:Juli Zeh
3003:Uwe Timm
2445:May Ayim
2389:Karl May
2026:Medieval
1678:See also
1607:, 1999,
1375:(2019).
1216:See also
1201:Almanach
951:(1797– )
889:1791/92)
652:(1804).
644:(1801),
640:(1800),
636:(1799),
490:Platonic
378:Schiller
341:European
237:humanism
229:literary
173:Location
5597:Related
5565:Chicago
5109:(novel)
4932:Related
4685:Faust I
4667:Clavigo
4524:Ganymed
4373:Madison
4345:Stewart
4285:Burnett
4280:Boswell
4265:Beattie
4237:Moratín
4222:Cadalso
4173:Novikov
4108:Romania
4083:Wybicki
4078:Staszic
4025:Spinoza
3995:Huygens
3990:Grotius
3944:Galvani
3939:Galiani
3889:Ireland
3870:Feraios
3842:Wieland
3807:Lessing
3802:Leibniz
3775:Germany
3756:Prévost
3741:Abauzit
3705:Quesnay
3695:Morelly
3685:Meslier
3670:Leclerc
3630:Diderot
3519:Johnson
3494:Collins
3489:Bentham
3474:Addison
3467:England
3415:Science
3252:Atheism
2851:writers
2227:Novalis
1458:Primary
1328:English
1309:Vaget,
948:Novelle
668:Alceste
601:Gestalt
575:Gestalt
434:Before
407:led by
344:culture
282:, then
270:led by
176:Germany
94:scholar
5618:(wife)
5587:Weimar
5560:Berlin
5536:Thalia
5344:Xenien
5302:Semele
5191:Fiesco
4942:(wife)
4760:Stella
4705:Egmont
4638:Xenien
4325:Newton
4315:Hutton
4295:Cullen
4192:Serbia
4140:Russia
4130:Șincai
4040:Poland
3980:Bekker
3954:Pagano
3916:Toland
3880:Korais
3875:Kairis
3857:Greece
3787:Herder
3782:Goethe
3746:Bonnet
3734:Geneva
3720:Turgot
3710:Raynal
3700:Pascal
3640:Gouges
3578:France
3564:Tindal
3559:Sidney
3534:Newton
3529:Milton
3504:Godwin
3499:Gibbon
3396:Reason
3238:Topics
1647:
1611:
1593:
1578:
1528:
1506:
1492:
1420:Bahr,
1399:
1324:German
1226:, and
1194:Xenien
881:(1790)
875:(1790)
837:Stella
821:Egmont
702:Oberon
681:Abdera
625:, and
589:Inhalt
569:Inhalt
565:Gehalt
561:Gehalt
557:Gehalt
529:, and
436:Goethe
429:Goethe
374:Goethe
337:German
253:Weimar
221:German
157:Weimar
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
5686:Skull
5642:(son)
5636:(son)
5394:Nänie
5176:Plays
4780:Prose
4676:Faust
4649:Plays
4495:Poems
4383:Paine
4378:Mason
4340:Smith
4290:Burns
4275:Blair
4270:Black
4214:Spain
4120:Maior
4015:Meyer
3959:Verri
3926:Italy
3911:Swift
3906:Burke
3901:Boyle
3847:Wolff
3675:Mably
3595:Bayle
3544:Price
3524:Locke
3514:Hooke
3484:Bacon
3282:Deism
1397:S2CID
1358:Horen
941:Faust
623:Faust
597:Stoff
585:Stoff
581:Stoff
363:Latin
101:JSTOR
87:books
4335:Reid
4320:Mill
4305:Hume
3964:Vico
3797:Kant
3715:Sade
3539:Pope
1645:ISBN
1609:ISBN
1591:ISBN
1576:ISBN
1526:ISBN
1504:ISBN
1490:ISBN
1408:2021
1322:The
1262:link
1080:, ("
919:, ("
376:and
323:and
311:The
258:The
231:and
73:news
1661:—,
1639:—,
1389:doi
456:'s
448:'s
56:by
5727::
1603:,
1395:.
1385:91
1383:.
1379:.
1258:}}
1254:{{
1230:.
1222:,
1218::
1148:"(
1114:("
975:("
957:("
939:("
929:("
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621:,
544:.
533:.
525:,
521:,
517:,
431:.
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286:,
243:,
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207:,
191:;
187:;
155:,
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5154:t
5147:v
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4446:t
4439:v
4407:→
3218:e
3211:t
3204:v
1874:e
1867:t
1860:v
1651:.
1615:.
1597:.
1582:.
1532:.
1510:.
1410:.
1391::
1264:)
799:,
760:)
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123:)
117:(
112:)
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91:·
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