30:
1973:
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1934:
60:
993:
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273:(FRG) and Venezuela were established. German companies became increasingly active in the postwar period in the country, which at the time was one of the wealthiest in Latin America. A German-Venezuelan Chamber of Commerce and Industry was established soon after. After the end of the
336:, met President Maduro in Caracas on a "state visit" and expressed solidarity with him, which was met with criticism in Germany. However, after the protests in Venezuela subsided, the recognition of Guaidó as president of Venezuela was reversed by the German government in 2021.
411:
In 2018, just under 6000 Venezuelans lived in
Germany. Nearly six million Venezuelans fled their homeland under the Maduro government as part of the economic crisis in the country, with nearly 10,000 of them settling in Germany by 2020.
249:
was founded. In 1902, a diplomatic conflict arose after German citizens in
Venezuela were dispossessed. As a result, British and German ships blockaded the coast of Venezuela. The dispute was settled a year later. After
296:
became president of
Venezuela in 1999 and adopted an anti-Western course in foreign policy. He made German sociologist Bernard Mommer his deputy minister in the Ministry of Energy and Petroleum in 2005.
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starting in 2013, economic contacts have collapsed and many German companies have withdrawn from the country. In 2016, direct flights between
967:
183:
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254:, economic relations between the two countries deepened and Germany became one of the most important trading partners for Venezuela. During
95:; however, he was able to return to the country soon after. Close relations with Venezuela continue to be maintained by parts of the German
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There is an investment promotion treaty and a double taxation agreement between the two countries. However, with the severe
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There are numerous cultural contacts between the two countries. German institutions active in the country include the
266:
disrupted shipping off
Venezuela, German assets in the country were expropriated and German institutions were closed.
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151:(New Nuremberg), although the settlement did not permanently last. In 1535, Georg Hohermuth von Speyer and
1866:
1820:
175:
111:
Germans were involved in the colonization of
Venezuela as early as the 16th century. In 1528, Emperor
286:
282:
954:
2404:
396:
Since the 16th century, German migration to
Venezuela occurred and Germans founded cities such as
187:
274:
234:
152:
96:
206:. German merchants, explorers, and migrants settled in the country, and in 1843 immigrants from
533:
159:
from the colony. The
Welsers were finally deprived of the governorship of Little Venice by the
2383:
753:
709:
651:
541:
483:
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353:
328:
as the country's interim president while at the same time the foreign policy spokesman of the
313:
242:
171:
160:
140:
92:
80:
734:
1805:
476:"Deutscher Botschafter zurück in Venezuela: Daniel Kriener fällt erneut die Mittlerrolle zu"
317:
269:
After World War II, diplomatic relations were re-established on April 28, 1954, between the
215:
191:
312:
then called Chávez a "political scatterbrain." After Chavez's death in 2013, his successor
2448:
397:
373:
136:
112:
829:
644:"Ärger um Hitler-Vergleich: Chávez' Regierung droht Merkel mit schlechteren Beziehungen"
2460:
860:
569:
408:. The latter settlement shows a strong German cultural imprint until the 21st century.
325:
293:
194:
established representations in
Venezuela after independence, and in the late 1820s the
2443:
2470:
405:
309:
301:
238:
211:
116:
333:
305:
289:
259:
258:, Venezuela first remained neutral and finally broke off diplomatic relations with
255:
2353:
251:
214:. German immigrants established cultural and educational institutions, learned
1830:
324:, Germany joined other Western countries in recognizing opposition politician
320:
manner, which further deteriorated relations with
Germany. In 2019, following
881:
713:
655:
545:
487:
1933:
437:
401:
329:
156:
144:
100:
84:
64:
595:"Deutsche in Venezuela vom 16. Jahrhundert bis zur Gegenwart - eine Skizze"
195:
186:
in the 19th century, German officers and mercenaries fought on the side of
179:
361:
226:
128:
123:), referring to the etymology of Venezuela being based on Venice, to the
174:, although sources are uncertain. In 1799, the South American voyage of
992:
422:
349:
230:
203:
199:
198:
Merchant Georg Blohm established a regular shipping connection between
167:
88:
53:
955:
Information from the German
Foreign Office on relations with Venezuela
702:"Venezuela: Andrej Hunko (Linke) empört mit Besuch bei Nicolás Maduro"
79:
have a long tradition and were officially established in 1871. During
429:
356:
was discontinued. Bilateral trade volume in 2021 was only 93 million
263:
124:
856:"Can Germany be a new home for young Venezuelans? | DW | 18.05.2018"
735:"Guaidó für Bundesregierung nicht mehr Interimspräsident Venezuelas"
677:"Venezuela - Deutschland erkennt Guaidó als Interimspräsidenten an"
190:
army for Venezuelan independence, including Johann von Uslar. The
357:
1904:
963:
277:, Venezuela also established diplomatic relations with the
237:, and in 1893 a Venezuelan legation was established in the
139:
was founded as the capital of the territory. A year later,
534:"Kommentar Linkspartei und Venezuela: Brüder im Geiste"
304:, calling her part of the German right "that supported
2432:
2392:
2371:
2336:
2329:
2313:
2217:
2106:
1980:
1945:
1859:
1788:
1762:
1531:
1295:
1189:
1004:
777:"Deutschland und Venezuela: Bilaterale Beziehungen"
36:
570:"Deutsch-venezolanische Beziehungen - pangloss.de"
229:in Venezuela in 1868, which was converted into an
2422:List of ministers of foreign affairs of Venezuela
2400:Foreign policy of the Hugo Chávez administration
2349:Community of Latin American and Caribbean States
388:there is a German school abroad in the country.
83:tenure, relations have deteriorated and in 2019
1916:
975:
802:"Rangfolge der Handelspartner im Außenhandel"
8:
882:"Refugees and Migrants from Venezuela | R4V"
376:, the Asociación Cultural Humboldt, and the
218:, and integrated into the majority society.
22:
758:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
300:In 2008, Chavez attacked German Chancellor
2333:
1923:
1909:
1901:
982:
968:
960:
927:"Vertretungen Venezuelas in Deutschland"
509:"Linke-Fraktion: Unser geliebter Maduro"
115:granted governorship over the colony of
2439:
467:
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360:, a fraction of that with neighboring
170:from Germany may have been present in
21:
771:
769:
7:
2344:Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas
1826:East Germany–United States relations
902:"Deutsche Vertretungen in Venezuela"
564:
562:
560:
14:
1851:Foreign relations of East Germany
1846:Foreign relations of Nazi Germany
642:Fischer, Sebastian (2008-05-13).
2487:Bilateral relations of Venezuela
2454:
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1971:
1932:
1180:
991:
382:Roman-Catholic Church in Germany
166:In the 17th and 18th centuries,
155:attempted to reach the mythical
58:
47:
28:
163:in 1556 after a legal dispute.
2482:Bilateral relations of Germany
1939:Foreign relations of Venezuela
1890:Germany and the United Nations
456:Foreign relations of Venezuela
1:
1801:German entry into World War I
854:Deutsche Welle (www.dw.com).
1872:Foreign ministers of Germany
998:Foreign relations of Germany
507:Tobias Käufer (2020-12-09),
451:Foreign relations of Germany
428:Venezuela has an Embassy in
346:economic crisis in Venezuela
135:(New Augsburg), the city of
91:Ambassador Daniel Kriener a
2477:Germany–Venezuela relations
1841:Ambassadors of Nazi Germany
593:Rolf Walter/Nikolaus Werz.
292:visited Venezuela in 1996.
271:Federal Republic of Germany
77:Germany–Venezuela relations
23:Germany-Venezuela relations
2503:
1372:Consuls in Haifa and Eilat
532:Martin Reeh (2017-08-03),
421:Germany has an Embassy in
322:mass protests in Venezuela
279:German Democratic Republic
223:North German Confederation
178:began with his arrival in
2417:
1969:
1178:
708:(in German). 2019-04-26.
316:ruled in an increasingly
70:
57:
46:
27:
1816:Soviet Union before 1941
1027:Central African Republic
733:amerika21 (2021-01-29).
386:Colegio Humboldt Caracas
233:three years later after
99:and the political party
809:Statistisches Bundesamt
618:"Venezuela: Steckbrief"
480:Der Tagesspiegel Online
2359:Diplomatic missions of
2337:Diplomatic initiatives
1885:Ambassadors of Germany
1877:Diplomatic missions of
1867:Federal Foreign Office
1821:Inner German relations
1569:Bosnia and Herzegovina
262:in 1941. After German
247:German-Venezuelan Club
176:Alexander von Humboldt
538:Die Tageszeitung: Taz
364:(2.6 billion euros).
1508:United Arab Emirates
828:deutschlandfunk.de.
675:deutschlandfunk.de.
416:Diplomatic locations
283:German Reunification
184:Wars of Independence
143:founded the city of
2405:Betancourt Doctrine
2088:Trinidad and Tobago
1988:Antigua and Barbuda
24:
19:Bilateral relations
16:Bilateral relations
368:Cultural relations
340:Economic relations
275:Hallstein Doctrine
235:German Unification
153:Philipp von Hutten
147:under the name of
131:. Under the name
2430:
2429:
2413:
2412:
2384:Gulf of Venezuela
1953:Equatorial Guinea
1898:
1897:
1811:China before 1941
438:Frankfurt am Main
434:consulate general
354:Frankfurt am Main
281:(GDR). After the
172:Spanish Venezuela
141:Ambrosius Ehinger
93:persona non grata
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1362:Kurdistan Region
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2363:in Venezuela
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1463:Saudi Arabia
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1142:South Africa
935:. Retrieved
930:
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512:
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491:. Retrieved
479:
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410:
395:
371:
343:
334:Andrej Hunko
299:
290:Roman Herzog
268:
260:Nazi Germany
256:World War II
246:
220:
210:founded the
165:
148:
132:
127:family from
120:
110:
76:
75:
2354:Petrocaribe
2265:Netherlands
2189:South Korea
2179:Philippines
2169:North Korea
2038:El Salvador
1775:New Zealand
1744:Switzerland
1684:Netherlands
1473:South Korea
1453:Philippines
1433:North Korea
1303:Afghanistan
1147:South Sudan
1062:Ivory Coast
933:(in German)
908:(in German)
836:(in German)
783:(in German)
741:(in German)
706:Der Spiegel
683:(in German)
648:Der Spiegel
624:(in German)
515:(in German)
384:. With the
378:evangelical
326:Juan Guaidó
294:Hugo Chávez
252:World War I
208:Kaiserstuhl
2471:Categories
2321:Yugoslavia
2124:Bangladesh
2119:Azerbaijan
1881:in Germany
1836:Yugoslavia
1831:Ostpolitik
1796:Arab world
1789:Historical
1679:Montenegro
1664:Luxembourg
1549:Azerbaijan
1513:Uzbekistan
1493:Tajikistan
1388:Kazakhstan
1313:Bangladesh
1137:Somaliland
1102:Mozambique
1092:Mauritania
1082:Madagascar
937:2022-10-31
912:2022-10-31
887:2022-10-16
867:2022-10-16
840:2022-10-31
814:2022-09-30
787:2022-10-31
745:2022-10-31
719:2022-10-31
687:2022-10-31
661:2022-10-31
628:2022-10-31
603:2022-10-16
579:2022-10-31
551:2022-10-16
519:2022-10-16
493:2022-10-31
462:References
2330:Diplomacy
2174:Palestine
2139:Indonesia
2043:Guatemala
1993:Argentina
1770:Australia
1654:Lithuania
1478:Sri Lanka
1468:Singapore
1448:Palestine
1348:Indonesia
1337:Hong Kong
1287:Venezuela
1262:Nicaragua
1197:Argentina
739:amerika21
714:2195-1349
656:2195-1349
546:0931-9085
488:1865-2263
402:Maracaibo
392:Migration
330:Die Linke
225:opened a
157:El Dorado
145:Maracaibo
113:Charles V
101:Die Linke
85:Venezuela
65:Venezuela
2449:Politics
2372:Disputes
2275:Portugal
2250:Holy See
2159:Malaysia
2114:Abkhazia
2083:Suriname
2073:Paraguay
2023:Colombia
1981:Americas
1729:Slovenia
1724:Slovakia
1704:Portugal
1624:Holy See
1574:Bulgaria
1498:Thailand
1443:Pakistan
1418:Mongolia
1413:Maldives
1408:Malaysia
1328:Cambodia
1267:Paraguay
1227:Colombia
1202:Barbados
1190:Americas
1172:Zimbabwe
1157:Tanzania
1047:Ethiopia
1032:DR Congo
1022:Cameroon
754:cite web
513:Die Welt
445:See also
380:and the
362:Colombia
227:legation
129:Augsburg
2461:Germany
2435:Portals
2393:Related
2300:Ukraine
2240:Germany
2230:Denmark
2225:Belarus
2209:Vietnam
2164:Myanmar
2098:Uruguay
2058:Jamaica
2033:Ecuador
2003:Bolivia
1763:Oceania
1749:Ukraine
1709:Romania
1674:Moldova
1639:Ireland
1634:Iceland
1629:Hungary
1614:Georgia
1604:Finland
1599:Estonia
1594:Denmark
1579:Croatia
1564:Belgium
1559:Belarus
1554:Austria
1544:Armenia
1539:Albania
1518:Vietnam
1423:Myanmar
1403:Lebanon
1308:Bahrain
1282:Uruguay
1252:Jamaica
1237:Ecuador
1207:Bolivia
1132:Somalia
1127:Senegal
1117:Nigeria
1107:Namibia
1097:Morocco
1072:Liberia
1042:Eritrea
1012:Algeria
423:Caracas
350:Caracas
332:party,
264:U-boats
231:embassy
216:Spanish
204:Hamburg
200:Caracas
168:Jesuits
107:History
54:Germany
2295:Sweden
2285:Serbia
2280:Russia
2270:Poland
2260:Kosovo
2245:Greece
2235:France
2218:Europe
2204:Turkey
2199:Taiwan
2149:Israel
2068:Panama
2063:Mexico
2048:Guyana
2013:Canada
2008:Brazil
1998:Belize
1946:Africa
1739:Sweden
1719:Serbia
1714:Russia
1699:Poland
1689:Norway
1649:Kosovo
1619:Greece
1609:France
1584:Cyprus
1532:Europe
1503:Turkey
1488:Taiwan
1393:Kuwait
1383:Jordan
1368:Israel
1323:Brunei
1318:Bhutan
1257:Mexico
1242:Guyana
1217:Canada
1212:Brazil
1167:Uganda
1122:Rwanda
1057:Guinea
1017:Angola
1005:Africa
712:
654:
544:
486:
432:and a
430:Berlin
306:Hitler
241:under
196:Lübeck
180:Cumaná
125:Welser
89:German
2290:Spain
2255:Italy
2194:Syria
2154:Japan
2134:India
2129:China
2053:Haiti
2018:Chile
1958:Kenya
1860:Other
1780:Tonga
1734:Spain
1669:Malta
1644:Italy
1523:Yemen
1483:Syria
1458:Qatar
1428:Nepal
1378:Japan
1343:India
1333:China
1247:Haiti
1222:Chile
1152:Sudan
1112:Niger
1077:Libya
1067:Kenya
1052:Ghana
1037:Egypt
805:(PDF)
598:(PDF)
358:euros
2144:Iran
2107:Asia
2078:Peru
2028:Cuba
1438:Oman
1398:Laos
1358:Iraq
1353:Iran
1296:Asia
1272:Peru
1232:Cuba
1162:Togo
1087:Mali
760:link
710:ISSN
652:ISSN
542:ISSN
484:ISSN
404:and
398:Coro
352:and
221:The
202:and
137:Coro
97:left
436:in
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