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suffragette bent on disrupting the meeting. Her acceptance by her fellow engineers was hard-won - at the second meeting of the IEE she attended, she was once again barred from entry by the commissionaire. After half an hour of argument, Entwisle was allowed to enter when the secretary vouched for her eligibility.
262:
after an uninterrupted professional career of thirty-nine years as an electrical design engineer. In a speech encouraging girls to take up engineering as a career, given in
Portsmouth in the mid-1950s, she noted that "We are no longer at the stage when the appearance of a woman in the shops makes the
278:
as a
Student Member in 1916 and became a Graduate Member in 1919 and an Associate Member in 1920 - she was the first woman to become a member in each of these grades. When she attended her first IEE lecture, the chairman of the meeting stopped proceedings as he suspected her of being a militant
243:
In 1937, Entwistle served as an opposition member at a meeting of the
Metropolitan-Vickers Debating Society, arguing against the motion “That the Introduction of Female Apprentices to these works is to be deplored.” She was joined in her opposition by Dorothy Garfitt,
173:
without graduating. Entwisle's Oxford
Dictionary of National Biography entry states that it was noted on her student card that she was to be married in the month of her graduation in 1914. However, no records of this marriage or any subsequent marriage exists.
194:) was looking into the recruitment of women engineers to manage the shortages of skilled technical employees at the time. The Chief Engineer John S Peck (who had taken out patents on electrical distribution systems) had approached the
111:(12 June 1892 – 18 November 1961) was an electrical engineer. She was the first British woman to retire from a complete career in industry as a professional engineer; the first female engineer to work at
201:
There was some consternation among the management when she asked for permission to enter the engineering works: eventually it was decided that she was permitted as long as she did not wear trousers.
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to enquire about suitable candidates, and when the invitation came to
Entwisle's attention she joined the company, working first on test results and then on the design of DC motors.
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286:(WES) had been founded in 1919, and Entwisle was one of its founder members. She was a member of Council, first secretary of the Manchester Branch, Vice President to
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228:) after the war's end as they did not hire married women. She spent most of her career working on the design, manufacturing, and cost of
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309:. She was a member of its national executive committee during the society's early years and the first honorary secretary of the EAW's
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and exciters. Her obituary said she broke "barriers of prejudice to become a respected designer of electrical rotating machinery."
775:
715:
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479:
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356:
302:
151:
501:
Pursell, Carroll (1993). ""Am I a Lady or an
Engineer?" The Origins of the Women's Engineering Society in Britain, 1918-1940".
252:, fellow Metropolitan-Vickers employees and members of the Women's Engineering Society. The motion was lost by 78 votes to 61.
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Towards the end of her career, Entwisle concentrated on exciters, on which she became something of a specialist.
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64:
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Entwisle was the first
British woman to retire from a complete career in industry as a professional engineer.
162:, but was able to attend engineering classes in her second year when they were opened to female students.
32:
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208:, Entwisle spent her weekends nursing in a Red Cross hospital and also attended evening classes at
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Shorrocks (1854–1932) and Thomas Henry
Entwisle (1858–1937), clerk in a shipping warehouse.
298:. Entwisle retired from the WES council in 1954, the year of her professional retirement.
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trade union. She was also the first female member of the
Society of Technical Engineers.
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where she studied from 1911 to 1914. Entwisle originally studied physics under
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139:, Lancashire, on 12 June 1892, the younger of two daughters of Elizabeth Ann,
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Being an umarried woman, Entwisle was able to continue working at
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in the role, and was succeeded in turn by electrical engineer
354:
Cable, Jon (2018). "Entwisle, Gertrude Lilian (1892–1961)".
305:(EAW), founded in 1924 and a "daughter organisation" of the
726:– via Institution of Engineering and Technology.
593:– via Institution of Engineering and Technology.
490:– via Institution of Engineering and Technology.
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branch, formed in 1926. Entwisle also belonged to the
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Entwisle also had a significant involvement with the
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80:
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23:
738:"The Women of the EAW Manchester Branch 1926-1935"
632:Magnificent women and their revolutionary machines
400:Journal of the Institution of Electrical Engineers
263:whole place stop work, as it did when I started".
290:and President from 1941 to 1943. She succeeding
123:). Entwisle was known for her work on designing
825:Alumni of the Victoria University of Manchester
135:Gertrude Entwisle was born at 5 Stafford Road,
472:"Retirement of Miss Gertrude L Entwisle AMIEE"
835:Presidents of the Women's Engineering Society
800:Online Catalogue of TWE Journal, IET Archives
8:
210:Manchester College of Science and Technology
196:Manchester College of Science and Technology
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663:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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121:Institution of Engineering and Technology
850:People from Swinton, Greater Manchester
774:(4): 33. September 1920. Archived from
357:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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258:On 20 June 1954, Entwisle retired from
656:
470:Hardwich, Isabel Helen (Autumn 1954).
441:"Archives Gertrude Entwisle biography"
360:. Vol. 1 (online ed.). OUP.
315:British Federation of University Women
714:(8): 113. Autumn 1941. Archived from
366:10.1093/odnb/9780198614128.013.110228
7:
855:People from Lancashire (before 1974)
629:Heald, Henrietta (4 February 2020).
564:
562:
465:
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396:"Obituary: Gertrude Lilian Entwisle"
571:"Engineering as a career for girls"
546:"System of electrical distribution"
276:Institution of Electrical Engineers
117:Institution of Electrical Engineers
569:Entwisle, Gertrude (Winter 1956).
165:In July 1914, Entwisle failed her
154:and obtained a scholarship to the
14:
319:Association of Scientific Workers
182:In 1915, at the beginning of the
171:Victoria University of Manchester
169:physics examination and left the
303:Electrical Association for Women
152:Manchester High School for Girls
478:. 7 no, 14: 3–9. Archived from
178:Early Career during World War I
1:
544:Peck, John S. (3 May 1904).
374:UK public library membership
845:Metropolitan-Vickers people
840:Women's Engineering Society
307:Women's Engineering Society
284:Women's Engineering Society
50:Swinton, Greater Manchester
16:British electrical engineer
871:
679:"The Woman Engineer Vol 4"
605:"The Woman Engineer Vol 4"
581:(3): 16–22. Archived from
394:H., I.H. (February 1962).
270:Professional organisations
786:– via IET Archives.
37:fair use - no known owner
30:
412:10.1049/jiee-3.1962.0075
236:machines, in particular
156:University of Manchester
131:Early life and education
109:Gertrude Lilian Entwisle
85:University of Manchester
65:Sale, Greater Manchester
25:Gertrude Lilian Entwisle
830:British women engineers
503:Technology and Culture
274:Entwisle joined the
260:Metropolitan-Vickers
226:Metropolitan-Vickers
222:British Westinghouse
192:Metropolitan-Vickers
188:British Westinghouse
146:She was educated at
113:British Westinghouse
704:"The new President"
246:Anne Gillespie Shaw
94:Electrical engineer
768:The Woman Engineer
708:The Woman Engineer
575:The Woman Engineer
476:The Woman Engineer
418:on 19 January 2019
296:Margaret Partridge
288:Edith Mary Douglas
148:Milham Ford School
102:Engineering design
742:IET Archives blog
642:978-1-78352-660-4
372:(Subscription or
160:Ernest Rutherford
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509:(1): 78–97.
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46:12 June 1892
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820:1961 deaths
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406:(86): 121.
317:and of the
206:World War I
184:World War I
167:preliminary
73:Nationality
809:Categories
651:1080083743
635:. London.
422:17 January
376:required.)
325:References
311:Manchester
91:Occupation
659:cite book
523:0040-165X
452:11 August
238:DC motors
125:DC motors
119:(now the
81:Education
67:, England
52:, England
782:20 June
764:"Notes"
722:20 June
589:20 June
551:15 June
531:3106456
486:20 June
204:During
190:(later
137:Swinton
76:British
748:8 July
688:17 May
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614:3 June
529:
521:
370:
248:, and
527:JSTOR
784:2019
750:2024
724:2019
690:2020
665:link
647:OCLC
637:ISBN
616:2021
591:2019
553:2017
519:ISSN
488:2019
454:2021
424:2019
282:The
232:and
58:Died
43:Born
511:doi
446:IET
408:doi
362:doi
141:née
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
