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the 10th century A.D. On the other hand, analysts opine that 'Banka-Paika' of
Kalampur had carried Lankeswari deity with a grand procession of Ghumura music to Junagarh in 1008 A.D. when the Naga dynasty shifted their old capital from Jugasaipatna to Junagarh. The terracotta and stone objects found from medieval site in Nehena, 3 km from Khariar, resembles Ghumura object dated to the 9th and 10th centuries. In the 12th century A.D. Ghumura dance was already popular, which is evident from a scene of one person playing the instrument Ghumura in a stone-hole of Nritya Mandir of
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recognition of the
Ghumura group reform and development was made in the manner and nature of dress, painting, dance, music and song. While performing, the Ghumura dancers and singers of each group used to ask very complicated question related to socio-economic and political problems to their competent opposite group through the medium of the songs. This gave birth to the contemporary form of Ghumura-Ladhei or Badi-Ghumura in Kalahandi, which is very meaningful, attractive and enchanting.
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mean 'Raba' or 'Dhowni' (vibrating sound). Earthen clay pot is locally known as 'Ghumuri', which was largely used by females to reserve water for home use. The male version of 'Ghumuri' is 'Ghumura'. Since
Ghumura is a male dance form and it is found in almost all parts of the human culture that equipment and appliances invented for human use have been the foundation to the invention of musical instruments, the derivation of name of Ghumura from 'Ghumuri' signifies such claim.
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Abhimanyu
Samanta Singar, etc. gradually entered into Ghumura, which made it much more enchanting. As a result, common people living in the rural areas of Kalahandi became very attracted by this music, song and dance of Ghumura and formed many Ghumura groups to develop and spread. In this respect, the royal families of Bhawanipatna, Jayapatna, Madanpur Rampur, Khariar etc. also highly encouraged and helped these groups of village folk.
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Ghumura is an earthen pitcher and the imagination of the preparation of such pitcher into a musical instrument is a polygenetic development. 'Ghumura' is derived from 'Ghum+u+Ra'. 'Ghum' means bowl like pitcher made of soil or clay and having a thin face with big belly. 'U' means 'Lord Siva' and 'Ra'
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region. It is in unknown if in its early period whether it was a caste-based dance or not. By the time when
Ghumura entered into the sphere of folk dance, above from the level of tribal dance, it was extensively performed by almost all castes and communities. Perhaps, Ghumura was a caste-based dance
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There are myths about the origin of Nishan and Tala. After building
Chandrachuda Bindhani out of iron found from Bindhya Giri and covering its top with a skin of dead Bouta cow, it was inaugurated with Panchakshar-Mantra. Its parents Gaurab Gandharb and Urbasi called it Nishan. Likewise the Tala was
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Afterwards poets and writers in general of Odisha and in particular of
Kalahandi took initiatives to compose songs of Ghumura while writing about Devi bandana (hymns or prayer to deities), glory of dynasties and mythological studies. In this way Chanda-Chaupadis of poet Upendra Bhanja, Dinakrushna,
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There is a beautiful waterfall in the river valley of
Indravati, which was initially recognized by Chindak Nagas of Chakrakot. Many believe that Ghumura dance originated from this river valley and gradually spread into the areas between Indravati and Mahanadi, indicating this dance form belongs to
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Dr
Mahendra Kumar Mishra, a noted folklorist and ethnomusicologist of Kalahandi, has researched extensively on ethnography of Ghumra dance of kalahandi, which can be accessed in the website www.scribd.com. Dr Mishra has widely discussed on structure, function and socio-cultural context of Ghumra
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Only its music and dance were being used during wartime to make the soldiers excited with the spirit of fighting. Later on the song was integrated with the music and dance of
Ghumura, since it was regarded as the only medium of exercise for body building and entertainment during leisure time of
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Durga, the eternal deity of Shakti, asked all the Gods and Goddesses of heaven to lend their weapons, as instruments and conveyances to kill a demon king Mahisasur. One of the war-musical instruments collected was the Ghumura instrument that was formed by combination of a portion of Dambaru, a
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During religious and cultural festivals like 'Dasahara' many of these groups used to gather together on the altars of deities, e.g., Manikeswari of Bhawanipatna, Lankeswari of Jungarh, Raktambari of Khariar, Dakeshwari of Madanpur Rampur, Budha Raja of Ampani etc. However, for the distinctive
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that looks like Ghumura, Damru and other attractive things. These rock art sites belongs to more than 8000 B.C. and from such painting the antiquity of musical instrument Ghumura and Damru can be imagined. It is also proved that during mythological age, Kalahandi had prosperous and developed
242:, Ghumura was used by Gods and Goddesses as a musical instrument during war. According to Sarala Mahabharata, during Satya Juga-Jenabali-Patana was the capital of the king Gogingh Daitya, grandson of Mahisasura. Many people accept that Mahisasura Jenabali-Patana of that age is the
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In mythological ages Ghumura was a favorite music instrument of Gods and Demons during war, which was followed in subsequent time as the heroic war music by successive kings and soldiers of Odisha, especially in Kalahandi. Many kings in the region such as
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in 1954. Nandini Bhasin and Gaganeswar have also described a myth regarding origin of Ghumura, in which they described that Chandra Dhwaja has originally established the dance and later it was taken over a demon — Karttabirya Asura.
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Paikas or soldiers. During British rule, the Paikas were often inactive and used to get sufficient leisure time, for which the Ghumura was developed by them as a primary means of entertainment.
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of a particular caste in its beginning and later on extended to different castes and communities. It was then widely accepted as a mass dance from folk dance.
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Beside historical evidence, the origin of Ghumura dance has taken into consideration of public views and myths. Based on myth, poet Shivam Bhasin Panda wrote
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had well-organized soldiers with Ghumura as their primary war music. During that period, the Ghumura song hadn't been composed nor sung.
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of today. However, in the Madhya Parba of Mahabharat, Ghumura has been mentioned with description about killing of Gosingh Daitya.
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Ghumura dance has had the opportunity to represent the nation in international events in Delhi, Moscow, and other places.
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dance of Kalahandi adjoining Bastar and Chhatishgarh and part of Odisha in his well-researched book
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created by a Saint-Kasyapa Risi. Nishan and Tala are considered as symbols of Radha-Krishna.
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Loka Nutrya Ghumura, Edited by Parameswar Mund, Mahabir Sanskrutika Anusthan, June 2002
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The Heroic Dance Ghumura, edited by Sanjay Kumar, Mahabir Sanskrutika, 2002
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has also described it as the Rana-Badya (war music) of Mahisasura.
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musical instrument of Lord Siva, and Veena of goddess Saraswati.
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civilization. The origin of Ghumura goes back to ancient times.
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A few experts believed Ghumura was a war music (Rana-Badya) of
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K.B. Nayak, "Ghumura" Folk Dance-A Glory of Kalahandi, in
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M. Sahu, Kalahandi Kala and Sanskruti, 1992m pp. 112–113
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Transformation of war music into folk music and dance
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294:(1996) published by Freidns Publishers, Cuttack.
213:Ghumura Dance during Odisha Tribal sports meet.
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443:Sarala Das, Chandi Purana, pp. 45 & 96
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120:Learn how and when to remove this message
371:Sheep Fighting Dance (Mesha Yudha Dance)
1720:Pana Sankranti (Maha Vishuba Sankranti)
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58:adding citations to reliable sources
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383:Hen Fighting (Kakuta Yudha) Dance
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2420:Classical dance genres of India
359:Circular or Semi-Circular Dance
45:needs additional citations for
464:Epigraphica Indica, IX, p. 179
368:Go Spada Dance: Cow Foot Dance
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1925:Bronze & Bell metal works
27:Folk dance from Odisha, India
1133:Hindi cinema song and dance
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2255:The Leaning Temple of Huma
2184:Jitamitra Prasad Singh Deo
2138:Gangadhar Meher University
2118:Rajendra College Balangir
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388:Ghumura in folk tradition
292:Kalahandira Lokasanskruti
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144:An artist in traditional
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337:Nrutta, Nrutya and Natya
2332:Pousha Purnima(Puspuni)
482:K. Mishra, Utkal Itihas
423:Tribal Dances of India
401:Development and spread
265:Archaeological aspects
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473:Girijhara, 1982, p. 8
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1950:Kalinga architecture
323:Etymological meaning
224:Ghumura Janma Bidhan
54:improve this article
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374:Cross (Chaki) Dance
189:is a folk dance of
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273:and Yogi Matha of
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71: –
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65:Find sources:
59:
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43:This article
41:
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32:
31:
19:
18:Ghumura Dance
2312:Kalasi Jatra
2204:Sarat Pujari
2128:VSSUT, Burla
2113:NIT Rourkela
1943:Architecture
1776:Paika akhada
1769:Martial arts
1591:Bharata Lila
1343:Chaiti ghoda
1165:
1158:
1126:Contemporary
1082:Singhi Chham
922:Kachhi Ghodi
881:
817:Dandiya Raas
757:Bedara Vesha
687:Divine forms
623:Mohiniyattam
487:
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377:Square Dance
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110:January 2017
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
2342:Sulia Jatra
2337:Sitalsasthi
2297:Dhanu Jatra
2281:Sankh River
2199:Sadhu Meher
2179:Haldhar Nag
1888:Handicrafts
1867:Jhoti chita
1862:Pattachitra
1848:Handicrafts
1807:Dhalapathar
1760:Snana Jatra
1755:Sitalsasthi
1735:Ratha Jatra
1601:Dhanu Jatra
1468:Pasu nrutya
1418:Naga nrutya
1388:Jodi sankha
1353:Chutkuchuta
1333:Bagha Nacha
1228:Accessories
1097:Thirayattam
1087:Sword dance
772:Bommalattam
747:Bardo Chham
737:Baagh Naach
573:Veeranatyam
563:Parai Attam
248:Sarala Dasa
240:Mahabharata
154:Native name
2414:Categories
2322:Lanka Podi
2169:Bhima Bhoi
2092:Sundargarh
2087:Subarnapur
2072:Jharsuguda
1966:Calendar (
1915:Stoneworks
1837:Sambalpuri
1797:Berhampuri
1690:Durga Puja
1685:Dola Jatra
1670:Bali Jatra
1596:Dasakathia
1478:Sakhi Nata
1448:Laudi nata
1438:Sambalpuri
1368:Dhan Koela
1363:Danda Nata
1214:Tamil Nadu
1152:Literature
1117:Yakshagana
1072:Raut Nacha
1062:Puliyattam
1042:Pavri Nach
1032:Paampattam
1002:Mayilattam
932:Karakattam
807:Corridinho
797:Chheih Lam
591:Recognised
553:Margamkali
409:References
351:Dance form
168:Folk dance
80:newspapers
2389:Rangabati
2271:Indravati
2264:Geography
2101:Education
2082:Sambalpur
2045:Districts
1982:Anka year
1817:Habaspuri
1785:Handlooms
1680:Deepabali
1662:Festivals
1453:Lankapodi
1428:Rasarkeli
1408:Keisabadi
1297:Classical
1112:Veeragase
1057:Puli Kali
1027:Oyilattam
947:Khual Lam
942:Keisabadi
902:Hulivesha
847:Duffmuttu
742:Bagurumba
704:Rasa lila
613:Kuchipudi
608:Kathakali
583:Classical
394:Kalahandi
271:Kalahandi
218:Mythology
2276:Mahanadi
2067:Debagarh
2052:Balangir
1998:Category
1900:Tarakasi
1846:Arts and
1832:Pasapali
1620:Puppetry
1577:puppetry
1556:Khanjani
1443:Samprada
1338:Chadheia
1235:Ghungroo
1182:By state
1047:Phulpati
1037:Padayani
957:Kolattam
927:Kalbelia
907:Jhijhiya
897:Hojagiri
887:Gombhira
827:Dhunachi
802:Chholiya
787:Chang Lo
694:Nataraja
633:Sattriya
618:Manipuri
244:Junagarh
2327:Nuakhai
2307:Jiuntia
2223:Temples
2077:Nuapada
2057:Bargarh
1968:Panjika
1905:Ganjapa
1895:Chandua
1695:Nuakhai
1645:Wedding
1561:Kendara
1378:Ghumura
1373:Dhuduki
1358:Dalkhai
1305:Gotipua
1240:Silambu
1219:Tripura
1107:Tippani
1092:Tertali
1007:Mussoll
972:Lahasua
917:Jhumair
882:Ghumura
877:Ghoomar
837:Domkach
812:Dalkhai
762:Bhangra
699:Tandava
669:Gotipua
664:Gaudiya
568:Theyyam
541:Ancient
238:As per
230:As per
193:of the
180:, India
146:ghumurā
133:Ghumura
94:scholar
2384:Bhukha
1930:Dhokra
1877:Idital
1822:Kotpad
1566:Dhumpa
1551:Odissi
1524:Paraja
1509:Kandha
1504:Gadaba
1492:Tribal
1483:Suanga
1463:Tamasa
1433:Ranapa
1413:Nachni
1383:Jhumar
1315:Odissi
1310:Mahari
1209:Punjab
1204:Odisha
1173:Mudras
1143:Nautch
1067:Rasiya
1022:Oppana
967:Lavani
952:Kikkli
912:Jhumar
872:Giddha
862:Garadi
852:Dumhal
792:Cheraw
674:Mahari
659:Deknni
642:Others
628:Odissi
603:Kathak
558:Koothu
340:Nrutya
255:Ravana
199:Odisha
197:state
195:Indian
178:Odisha
174:Origin
158:ଘୁମୁରା
148:attire
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
2062:Boudh
1955:Deula
1606:Jatra
1543:Music
1529:Saura
1499:Desia
1473:Patua
1393:Karma
1348:Chhau
1289:Dance
1194:Assam
1077:Saang
1012:Nacnī
997:Matki
982:Maach
977:Lezim
962:Kummi
937:Karma
892:Grida
867:Garba
857:Fugdi
842:Domni
822:Dhalo
782:Chang
732:Alkap
709:Lasya
654:Chhau
164:Genre
101:JSTOR
87:books
2108:BPUT
1910:Clay
1855:Arts
1827:Ikat
1740:Raja
1519:Onra
1514:Koya
1458:Lila
1423:Pala
1325:Folk
1017:Nati
767:Bihu
723:list
719:Folk
73:news
56:by
2416::
448:^
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