33:
1303:
176:
1695:
539:
735:
651:
Alam remained associated with the centrifuge program and was its design director until 1981 when he developed intellectual differences with Abdul Qadeer Khan in 1981. He was confided by Abdul Qadeer Khan about selling the centrifuge technology to unknown Arab country, which he vehemently opposed the
564:
in 1971, Alam became interested in computing and mathematics, briefly writing a computer program while working in problems relating to logic and the mathematics. Alam was instrumental in establishing the computer department at the
Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology before moving to join the
607:
for analysis, which he later identified as incorrect and incomplete to the PAEC. During this time, he held discussion with Abdul Qadeer Khan on copper metallurgy which was nascent to his development of centrifuge at the
Airport Development Works facility. Meanwhile, Alam accepted and joined the
647:
under supervision of Shah, Alam, and Qadeer Khan. Commenting on the success, Alam famously quoted: "Boys, we have achieved enrichment in
Pakistan." Following this success, Alam and other colleagues signed and quickly published a paper on the differential methods of the centrifuges in 1978–79.
663:
Alam went to join the Quaid-i-Azam
University and briefly taught courses on calculus, and published a computer model on HIV rate of infection along with American scientists. At the Department of Mathematics, Alam pioneered a paper in
652:
idea on the ground that India (a competitor in that field) might be benefited from that technology. After this incident, Alam was transferred to PAEC where he remained associated with the electromagnetic separation program under Dr.
499:, Alam continued publishing and working on the atomic physics and atomic collisions, collaborating with many other of his British colleagues. However, Alam lost interests in atomic physics and became interested in
964:
N. M. Butt, “Nuclear
Radiation Education and Nuclear Science and Technology in Pakistan,” paper presented to the 2nd International Congress on Radiation Education in Debrecen, Hungary
639:
under Abdul Qadeer Khan. At KRL, Alam and Shah worked on solving differential equation problems relating the gas centrifuges, and designed a first generation of centrifuges, known as
503:
and mathematics. In 1970, he published a paper on gamma rays and performed an experiment on isomers, proposing and later proving mathematically that, in the isomer state, the average
1770:
1785:
557:
461:
and worked on experimental physics under J.B. Hasted. In 1967, he submitted his doctoral thesis supervised by Dr. J.B. Hasted which he defended successfully and graduated with
210:
1556:
1825:
1835:
1364:
1800:
1292:
1038:
616:, an Oxford University PhD graduate in mathematics, degelating Shah to join the centrifuge program. Alam and Shah performed mathematical calculations for linearly
255:
1790:
1354:
446:
220:
1138:
669:
686:
1495:
1397:
1106:
1780:
1415:
525:
349:
746:
Long Road to Chagai:§ Gas centrifuge controversy§Pakistan nuclear technology project: from
Pakistan's Theoretical Physics to the making of the bomb
1805:
722:
Fission fragment mass distributions and kinetic energies for spontaneous fission isomers, by R.L. Ferguson, F. Plasil, G.D. Alam†, H.W. Schmitt.
1664:
691:, vol. 1 (1 ed.), National Center for Theoretical Physics, Islamabad: World Scientific Publications Co. Pte. Lmtd, pp. 382–400,
1820:
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851:
785:
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396:
118:
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1285:
489:
1561:
906:
685:; Faheem Hussain; Riazuddin, M.; Jamil Aslam & Hamid Saleem (June 2007) , "Quantum nonlocality, Black Holes and Quantum Gravity",
896:
810:
Allam, GD; Rashid, Khalid; Ahmad, Maqsood; Qureshi, I.E.; Ali, Anwar; Khan, Naeem Ahmad; Bhatti, Nasim; Horsh, F. (1 November 1983).
1775:
1090:
1063:
553:
380:
363:
After the atomic bomb project, Alam joined the
Department of Mathematics at the Quaid-e-Azam University (QAU) as well as serving as
438:, had contained investigations on electromagnetic radiation emitted from the heavy metals by bombarding the elementary particles.
1582:
1577:
725:
Gamma Ray
Transitions in the de-excitation Californium-253 spontenous fission pragments, by G.D. Alam, Department of Mathematics.
624:
for the actual value of military-grade uranium that proved the Abdul Qadeer Khan's estimation required to enriched the uranium.
1760:
1490:
1430:
1407:
1765:
1740:
1540:
1420:
1385:
1278:
1213:
Deep, Kusum; Bansal, Jagdish Chand; Das, Kedar Nath; Lal, Arvind Kumar; Garg, Harish; Nagar, Atulya K.; Pant, Millie (2017).
657:
621:
1698:
1425:
544:
1214:
1815:
1672:
1614:
1390:
1315:
632:
1810:
1750:
1706:
1485:
87:
627:
In April 1976, Alam succeeded in designing a gas centrifuge and succeeded in rotating the first centrifuge to 30,000
1012:
1840:
1510:
1342:
636:
581:
569:
561:
533:
470:
811:
1619:
1535:
711:, 1, vol. 1 (1 ed.), Department of Mathematics, Quaid-e-Azam University: Punjab Text Board, p. 390
442:
215:
150:
126:
416:
122:
672:
to analyse the energy released by the gamma rays. Alam died on 5 December 2000 in his residence in
Islamabad.
1755:
1677:
1113:
754:
609:
341:
225:
1216:
Proceedings of Sixth
International Conference on Soft Computing for Problem Solving: SocProS 2016, Volume 2
547:. In 1970s, Alam had conceived a concept of gas centrifuge independent of A.Q. Khan's Urenco-based designs.
32:
1710:
1702:
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628:
428:
372:
293:
1080:
1053:
1332:
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775:
597:
337:
57:
53:
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on physics of atomic collision and potential energy curves— their work was supported and funded by the
1735:
1730:
935:
500:
462:
368:
326:
1682:
653:
617:
603:
In 1976, Alam was asked to review the components and the blueprints of a gas centrifuge brought by
404:
197:
1650:
1640:
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1469:
841:
596:. Eventually other physicists such as Fakhr Hashmi, Javed Arshad Mirza, Eqbal Ahmad Khokhar, and
364:
98:
1302:
1248:
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joined his Airport Development Works facility— thus forming the centrifuge program under Alam.
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1220:
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1132:
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1032:
902:
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145:
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Alam originally was not part of the team that was investigating the uranium enrichment under
244:
1635:
1587:
1462:
593:
585:
474:
384:
357:
270:
1197:
Dr. Qadeer Was Ready to Secretly Sell Nuclear Technology to an Arab Country: Dr. G.D. Alam
665:
644:
613:
139:
1249:"Gamma Ray Transitions in the de-excitation Californium-253 spontenous fission pragments"
573:
529:
504:
496:
454:
376:
353:
345:
330:
179:
175:
1270:
1724:
1457:
1452:
458:
317:
298:
682:
508:
538:
936:"The Emission of Electromagnetic Radiations from metals by high energy particles"
1082:
Nuclear Fission and Cluster Radioactivity: An Energy-Density Functional Approach
812:"GAMMA RAY TRANSITIONS IN DE-EXCITATION OF CF-252 SPONTANEOUS FISSION FRAGMENTS"
577:
450:
412:
408:
288:
275:
756:
Deception: Pakistan, the United States, and the Secret Trade in Nuclear Weapons
543:
A schematic of gas centrifuge employed in the United States, copyright by U.S.
436:
The Emission of Electromagnetic Radiations from metals by high energy particles
1253:
Dr. Ghulam Dastigar Alam, Department of Mathematics, Quaid-e-Azam University
589:
415:–a theoretical physicist. He then went to attend the physics program at the
49:
507:
associated with the decay process of Isomer state is about the same in the
734:
156:
108:
560:(PINSTECH), the national laboratory site in Nilore, in 1970. During the
484:
In 1967, he published another thesis jointly written by J.B. Hasted and
635:
of the centrifuge— Alam and his team was immediately dispatched at the
424:
160:
63:
400:
344:. Alam is best known for conceiving and embarking on research on the
235:
83:
537:
67:
643:, that succeeded in separating the U, U, and U isotopes from raw
449:, initially joining the doctoral group led by British physicist,
688:
Mathematical physics Proceedings of the 12th Regional Conference
1274:
992:. London, Eng. UK: University College London Press. p. 142
895:
Khan, Feroz Hassan (7 November 2012). "Cascade to Enriching".
580:, an American, in 1940s. In 1974–76, Alam directed a separate
976:
974:
972:
970:
929:
927:
925:
1011:
W. Benjamin., 1967, United States. Dept. of Defense (1967).
890:
733:
441:
In 1964, Alam joined the doctoral program in physics at the
1175:. Pakistan, UK: Printwise publications. pp. 8, 53–60.
1169:
Shahid-Ur Rehman (1999). "The Gas-centriguce controversy".
888:
886:
884:
882:
880:
878:
876:
874:
872:
870:
943:
379:. He was one of the notable theoretical physicists at the
1164:
1162:
1160:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1148:
1079:
Hooshyar, M. Ali; Irwin Reichstein; F. B. Malik (2005).
520:
1971 war, atomic bomb program, and centrifuge technology
759:. New York: Walker & Co./Holtzbrinck. p. 586.
387:, called Alam "the problem solving brain of the PAEC".
584:
program at the Airport Development Works setup at the
576:
albeit of rudimentary knowledge from the work done by
465:
in theoretical physics. His doctoral thesis, titled:
1172:
Long Road to Chagai: §The Gas centrifuge controversy
898:
Eating grass : the making of the Pakistani bomb
748:. Pakistan, UK: Printwise Publications. p. 157.
352:
in the 1970s, and he also conceived the research on
211:
Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology
1663:
1628:
1607:
1570:
1549:
1523:
1478:
1445:
1406:
1378:
1322:
901:. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press.
383:(PAEC) and QAU. At one point, his fellow theorist,
281:
269:
256:
Charge Transfer Collisions Involving Curve-Crossing
234:
203:
193:
170:
132:
114:
104:
94:
76:
42:
23:
821:. Nilore, Islamabad: IAEA and PINSTECH. p. 28
1058:. Uk. Usa: Academic Press Inc. pp. 243–247.
1085:. Berlin; New York: Springer. pp. 136–151.
709:Calculus: An Approach to Engineering Mathematics
556:as a researcher, and was directed to join the
1286:
753:Levy, Adrian; Scott-Clark, Catherine (2007).
16:Pakistani theoretical physicist and professor
8:
1771:Government College University, Lahore alumni
403:where he studied in 1951 and graduated with
221:International Centre for Theoretical Physics
1786:Pakistani expatriates in the United Kingdom
1037:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
983:"Electron Capture by Multiply Charged Ions"
707:Qasmi, Ghulam Dastigar Alam (April 1996) ,
558:Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology
320:غلام دستگیر عالم قاسمی; popularly known as
1625:
1567:
1475:
1375:
1293:
1279:
1271:
780:. United States: Free Press. p. 296.
20:
1826:Academic staff of Quaid-i-Azam University
1013:"Charge Transfer Involving Curve Crossin"
588:and begin working on the applications of
467:Electron Capture by Multiply Charged Ions
245:Electron capture by multiply charged ions
1836:Nuclear weapons scientists and engineers
1055:Advances in Atomic and Molecular Physics
526:Pakistan and weapons of mass destruction
469:, provided scientific investigations on
802:
1801:Academics of University College London
1365:Cabinet Committee on National Security
1359:National Assembly Committee on Defence
1137:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1130:
1030:
7:
942:. Islamabad: NM Butt. Archived from
340:and professor of mathematics at the
1791:Alumni of University College London
490:United States Department of Defense
14:
1019:. United States. Dept. of Defense
777:Peddling Peril§ Its Just Business
554:Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission
515:Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission
411:in 1955 under the supervision of
381:Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission
1694:
1693:
1301:
174:
31:
1781:University of the Punjab alumni
1806:Pakistani computer programmers
1541:Strategic Plans Division Force
1247:Alam, Ghulam Dastigar (1997).
658:partial differential equations
608:faculty of mathematics at the
427:in 1957, supervised under Dr.
1:
656:, and decided to work on the
397:Government College University
348:during Pakistan's integrated
119:Government College University
1821:Recipients of Hilal-i-Imtiaz
1796:Pakistani nuclear physicists
1746:Indian emigrants to Pakistan
1316:Military history of Pakistan
1052:Bates, David Robert (1967).
981:Alam, GD (1 February 1967).
840:Vandenbosch, Robert (2012).
371:, and co-authored papers on
282:Other academic advisors
1355:Senate Committee on Defence
1255:. Institution of Electrical
631:by perfectly balancing and
572:in 1974 and had not seen a
453:. He learned the course on
1857:
1831:Pakistani textbook writers
1615:Pakistani Defence Industry
1501:National Command Authority
1343:Prime Minister of Pakistan
637:Khan Research Laboratories
633:rotating around fixed axis
582:electromagnetic separation
534:Supercomputing in Pakistan
523:
314:Ghulam Dastagir Alam Qasmi
25:Ghulam Dastagir Alam Qasmi
1691:
1620:Defence Housing Authority
1370:National Security Council
1313:
670:mathematical descriptions
552:In 1958, Alam joined the
443:University College London
395:Alam was educated at the
307:
216:University College London
186:
127:University College London
30:
1776:Pakistani mathematicians
774:Albright, David (2010).
744:Shahidur Rehman (1999).
447:Colombo Plan Scholarship
419:where he graduated with
990:www.discovery.ucl.ac.uk
610:Quaid-e-Azam University
586:Chaklala Air Force Base
431:– a nuclear physicist.
360:throughout his career.
356:, nuclear fission, and
342:Quaid-e-Azam University
226:Quaid-e-Azam University
1761:Scientists from Lahore
1557:Awards and decorations
738:
549:
1766:Academics from Lahore
1741:People from Faridabad
1408:Joint Chiefs of Staff
1333:President of Pakistan
1307:Pakistan Armed Forces
1203:(Urdu), June 12, 1998
737:
541:
338:theoretical physicist
1431:Chief of Naval Staff
501:computer programming
473:involving potential
463:Doctor of Philosophy
369:Institute of Physics
163:and abstract algebra
37:Dr. G.D Alam (right)
1816:Pakistani inventors
1683:Bangladesh genocide
1651:Shaheen (Air Force)
1421:Chief of Army Staff
1329:Commander-in-Chief
940:www.defence.pk/pdf/
654:Shaukat Hameed Khan
570:Bashiruddin Mahmood
434:His thesis titled:
405:Bachelor of Science
350:atomic bomb project
336:), was a Pakistani
198:Theoretical physics
1811:Project-706 people
1751:Pashtun scientists
1608:Business interests
1571:Ranks and insignia
1531:Civil Armed Forces
1426:Chief of Air Staff
1398:Defence Production
1017:W. Benjamin., 1967
739:
565:Physics Division.
550:
373:variation calculus
155:Published work in
1841:Pashtun academics
1718:
1717:
1659:
1658:
1603:
1602:
1519:
1518:
1511:Armed Forces Band
1441:
1440:
1226:978-981-10-3325-4
1182:978-969-8500-00-9
934:Qasmi, GD Allam.
853:978-0-323-15052-1
819:www.inis.iaea.org
787:978-1-4165-4931-4
766:978-0-8027-1554-8
698:978-981-270-591-4
605:Abdul Qadeer Khan
479:quantum mechanics
421:Master of Science
417:Punjab University
311:
310:
188:Scientific career
146:Quantum Mechanics
123:Punjab University
1848:
1697:
1696:
1626:
1568:
1491:Public Relations
1476:
1376:
1339:Chief Executive
1305:
1295:
1288:
1281:
1272:
1265:
1264:
1262:
1260:
1244:
1238:
1237:
1235:
1233:
1210:
1204:
1193:
1187:
1186:
1166:
1143:
1142:
1136:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1118:
1112:. Archived from
1111:
1103:
1097:
1096:
1076:
1070:
1069:
1049:
1043:
1042:
1036:
1028:
1026:
1024:
1008:
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1001:
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978:
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951:
946:on 11 March 2023
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837:
831:
830:
828:
826:
816:
807:
791:
770:
749:
717:Science articles
712:
701:
666:Gamma-ray bursts
594:magnetic bearing
548:
445:(UCL) under the
385:Munir Ahmad Khan
365:visiting faculty
358:gamma-ray bursts
335:
271:Doctoral advisor
262:
251:
178:
71:
62:(Present-day in
35:
21:
1856:
1855:
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1850:
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1721:
1720:
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1714:
1687:
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1506:Nursing Service
1496:Selection Board
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1402:
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1318:
1309:
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1246:
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1201:Assas-o-Lashkar
1199:, interview in
1194:
1190:
1183:
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1120:
1116:
1109:
1107:"Archived copy"
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843:Nuclear Fission
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767:
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645:natural uranium
620:the reasonable
542:
536:
524:Main articles:
522:
517:
477:, a concept in
471:charge-crossing
393:
325:
303:
265:
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166:
140:Ultracentrifuge
125:
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115:Alma mater
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80:5 December 2000
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1536:National Guard
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574:gas centrifuge
562:war with India
530:Gas centrifuge
521:
518:
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505:kinetic energy
497:United Kingdom
475:curve crossing
455:atomic physics
451:John B. Hasted
392:
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377:fission isomer
354:charge density
346:gas centrifuge
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180:Hilal-e-Imtiaz
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151:Ion Scattering
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133:Known for
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