Giordano Bruno - Knowledge

3671:, ch. 7: "A gloating account of the whole ritual is given in a letter written on the very day by a youth named Gaspar Schopp of Breslau, a recent convert to Catholicism to whom Pope Clement VIII had shown great favor, creating him Knight of St. Peter and Count of the Sacred Palace. Schopp was addressing Conrad Rittershausen. He recounts that because of his heresy Bruno had been publicly burned that day in the Square of Flowers in front of the Theatre of Pompey. He makes merry over the belief of the Italians that every heretic is a Lutheran. It is evident that he had been present at the interrogations, for he relates in detail the life of Bruno and the works and doctrines for which he had been arraigned, and he gives a vivid account of Bruno's final appearance before his judges on 8 February. To Schopp we owe the knowledge of Bruno's bearing under judgement. When the verdict had been declared, records Schopp, Bruno with a threatening gesture addressed his judges: "Perchance you who pronounce my sentence are in greater fear than I who receive it." Thus he was dismissed to the prison, gloats the convert, "and was given eight days to recant, but in vain. So today he was led to the funeral pyre. When the image of our Savior was shown to him before his death he angrily rejected it with averted face. Thus my dear Rittershausen is it our custom to proceed against such men or rather indeed such monsters." 1764:

within the highest mountains, should belong to the Earth as its members, just as the air in the lungs and in other cavities of animals by which they breathe, widen their arteries, and other similar effects necessary for life are performed. The clouds, too, move through accidents in the body of the Earth and are in its bowels as are the waters. With the Earth move all things that are on the Earth. If, therefore, from a point outside the Earth something were thrown upon the Earth, it would lose, because of the latter's motion, its straightness as would be seen on the ship moving along a river, if someone on point C of the riverbank were to throw a stone along a straight line, and would see the stone miss its target by the amount of the velocity of the ship's motion. But if someone were placed high on the mast of that ship, move as it may however fast, he would not miss his target at all, so that the stone or some other heavy thing thrown downward would not come along a straight line from the point E which is at the top of the mast, or cage, to the point D which is at the bottom of the mast, or at some point in the bowels and body of the ship. Thus, if from the point D to the point E someone who is inside the ship would throw a stone straight up, it would return to the bottom along the same line however far the ship moved, provided it was not subject to any pitch and roll."

4283:("World and Life Views, Emerging From Religion, Philosophy and Perception of Nature") (1910), p. 321: "Also darf man vielleicht glauben, daß das ganze System eine Erhebung des Physischen aus seiner Natur in das Göttliche ist oder eine Durchstrahlung des Physischen durch das Göttliche; beides eine Art Pandeismus. Und so zeigt sich auch der Begriff Gottes von dem des Universums nicht getrennt; Gott ist naturierende Natur, Weltseele, Weltkraft. Da Bruno durchaus ablehnt, gegen die Religion zu lehren, so hat man solche Angaben wohl umgekehrt zu verstehen: Weltkraft, Weltseele, naturierende Natur, Universum sind in Gott. Gott ist Kraft der Weltkraft, Seele der Weltseele, Natur der Natur, Eins des Universums. Bruno spricht ja auch von mehreren Teilen der universellen Vernunft, des Urvermögens und der Urwirklichkeit. Und damit hängt zusammen, daß für ihn die Welt unendlich ist und ohne Anfang und Ende; sie ist in demselben Sinne allumfassend wie Gott. Aber nicht ganz wie Gott. Gott sei in allem und im einzelnen allumfassend, die Welt jedoch wohl in allem, aber nicht im einzelnen, da sie ja Teile in sich zuläßt." 4308:("Theological Literature Journal"), Volume 35, column 827 (1910): "Dem Verfasser hat anscheinend die Einteilung: religiöse, rationale und naturwissenschaftlich fundierte Weltanschauungen vorgeschwebt; er hat sie dann aber seinem Material gegenüber schwer durchführbar gefunden und durch die mitgeteilte ersetzt, die das Prinzip der Einteilung nur noch dunkel durchschimmern läßt. Damit hängt wohl auch das vom Verfasser gebildete unschöne griechisch-lateinische Mischwort des 'Pandeismus' zusammen. Nach S. 228 versteht er darunter im Unterschied von dem mehr metaphysisch gearteten Pantheismus einen 'gesteigerten und vereinheitlichten Animismus', also eine populäre Art religiöser Weltdeutung. Prhagt man lieh dies ein, so erstaunt man über die weite Ausdehnung, die dem Begriff in der Folge gegeben wird. Nach S. 284 ist Scotus Erigena ein ganzer, nach S. 300 Anselm von Canterbury ein 'halber Pandeist'; aber auch bei Nikolaus Cusanus und Giordano Bruno, ja selbst bei Mendelssohn und Lessing wird eine Art von Pandeismus gefunden (S. 306. 321. 346.)." 3046:: "In Rome, Bruno was imprisoned for seven years and subjected to a difficult trial that analyzed, minutely, all his philosophical ideas. Bruno, who in Venice had been willing to recant some theses, became increasingly resolute and declared on 21 December 1599 that he 'did not wish to repent of having too little to repent, and in fact did not know what to repent.' Declared an unrepentant heretic and excommunicated, he was burned alive in the Campo dei Fiori in Rome on Ash Wednesday, 17 February 1600. On the stake, along with Bruno, burned the hopes of many, including philosophers and scientists of good faith like Galileo, who thought they could reconcile religious faith and scientific research, while belonging to an ecclesiastical organization declaring itself to be the custodian of absolute truth and maintaining a cultural militancy requiring continual commitment and suspicion." 1907: 3034:, pp. 18–19: For Bruno was claiming for the philosopher a principle of free thought and inquiry which implied an entirely new concept of authority: that of the individual intellect in its serious and continuing pursuit of an autonomous inquiry… It is impossible to understand the issue involved and to evaluate justly the stand made by Bruno with his life without appreciating the question of free thought and liberty of expression. His insistence on placing this issue at the center of both his work and of his defense is why Bruno remains so much a figure of the modern world. If there is, as many have argued, an intrinsic link between science and liberty of inquiry, then Bruno was among those who guaranteed the future of the newly emerging sciences, as well as claiming in wider terms a general principle of free thought and expression." 4312:: "The author apparently intended to divide up religious, rational and scientifically based philosophies, but found his material overwhelming, resulting in an effort that can shine through the principle of classification only darkly. This probably is also the source of the unsightly Greek-Latin compound word, 'Pandeism.' At page 228, he understands the difference from the more metaphysical kind of pantheism, an enhanced unified animism that is a popular religious worldview. In remembering this borrowing, we were struck by the vast expanse given the term. According to page 284, Scotus Erigena is one entirely, at p. 300 Anselm of Canterbury is 'half Pandeist'; but also Nicholas of Cusa and Giordano Bruno, and even in Mendelssohn and Lessing a kind of Pandeism is found (p. 306 321 346.)". 58: 1919: 946:. During his Venetian trial, he told inquisitors that while in Geneva he told the Marchese de Vico of Naples, who was notable for helping Italian refugees in Geneva, "I did not intend to adopt the religion of the city. I desired to stay there only that I might live at liberty and in security." Bruno had a pair of breeches made for himself, and the Marchese and others apparently made Bruno a gift of a sword, hat, cape and other necessities for dressing himself; in such clothing Bruno could no longer be recognized as a priest. Things apparently went well for Bruno for a time, as he entered his name in the Rector's Book of the 6147: 1474: 2885:, Cambridge University Press, 1986, p. 10, " sources... seem to have been more numerous than his followers, at least until the eighteenth- and nineteenth-century revival of interest in Bruno as a supposed 'martyr for science.' It is true that he was burned at the stake in Rome in 1600, but the church authorities guilty of this action were almost certainly more distressed at his denial of Christ's divinity and alleged diabolism than at his cosmological doctrines." 976:, where he took his doctorate in theology and was elected by students to lecture in philosophy. He also attempted at this time to return to Catholicism, but was denied absolution by the Jesuit priest he approached. When religious strife broke out in the summer of 1581, he moved to Paris. There he held a cycle of thirty lectures on theological topics and also began to gain fame for his prodigious memory. His talents attracted the benevolent attention of the king 3162:, p. : "Following the northern route back through Brescia, Bruno came to Bergamo where he resumed the monastic habit. He perhaps visited Milan, and then leaving Italy he crossed the Alps by the Mont Cenis pass, and came to Chambéry. He describes his hospitable reception there by the Dominican Convent, but again he received no encouragement to remain, and he journeyed on to Lyons. Bruno's next movements are obscure. In 1579 he reached Geneva." 429: 2937:"Yet the fact remains that cosmological matters, notably the plurality of worlds, were an identifiable concern all along and appear in the summary document: Bruno was repeatedly questioned on these matters, and he apparently refused to recant them at the end.14 So, Bruno probably was burned alive for resolutely maintaining a series of heresies, among which his teaching of the plurality of worlds was prominent but by no means singular." 6240: 6264: 1599: 1064: 1380:, as well as accusations of personal misconduct. Bruno defended himself skillfully, stressing the philosophical character of some of his positions, denying others and admitting that he had had doubts on some matters of dogma. The Roman Inquisition, however, asked for his transfer to Rome. After several months of argument, the Venetian authorities reluctantly consented and Bruno was sent to Rome in January 1593. 1392:. Some important documents about the trial are lost, but others have been preserved, among them a summary of the proceedings that was rediscovered in 1940. The numerous charges against Bruno, based on some of his books as well as on witness accounts, included blasphemy, immoral conduct, and heresy in matters of dogmatic theology, and involved some of the basic doctrines of his philosophy and cosmology. 6180: 1235: 6142: 6192: 935: 6204: 6228: 2968:

doctrine of a plurality of worlds." and "Bruno, however, by admitting so candidly his distance from the Catholic theology, was indirectly questioning such a system of law, which imposed on his conscience views different from his own. (...) he was doing it in the name of a principle of religious pluralism which derived directly from his cosmology.

6252: 6216: 2028:, and possession of banned texts. White considers that Bruno's later heresy was "multifaceted" and may have rested on his conception of infinite worlds. "This was perhaps the most dangerous notion of all... If other worlds existed with intelligent beings living there, did they too have their visitations? The idea was quite unthinkable." 6168: 3144:

contrary to the way in which Bruno has been portrayed as a martyr for modern science. Instead, Gosselin argues, Bruno should be understood in the context of reformist Catholic dissenters. Edward A. Gosselin, "A Dominican Head in Layman's Garb? A Correction to the Scientific Iconography of Giordano Bruno", in

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According to historian Mordechai Feingold, "Both admirers and critics of Giordano Bruno basically agree that he was pompous and arrogant, highly valuing his opinions and showing little patience with anyone who even mildly disagreed with him." Discussing Bruno's experience of rejection when he visited

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which began around 1610. "It should not be supposed," writes A. M. Paterson of Bruno and his "heliocentric solar system", that he "reached his conclusions via some mystical revelation....His work is an essential part of the scientific and philosophical developments that he initiated." Paterson echoes

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Bruno's overall contribution to the birth of modern science is still controversial. Some scholars follow Frances Yates in stressing the importance of Bruno's ideas about the universe being infinite and lacking geocentric structure as a crucial crossing point between the old and the new. Others see in

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Bruno defended himself as he had in Venice, insisting that he accepted the Church's dogmatic teachings, but trying to preserve the basis of his cosmological views. In particular, he held firm to his belief in the plurality of worlds, although he was admonished to abandon it. His trial was overseen by

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rejects what she describes as the "legend that Bruno was prosecuted as a philosophical thinker, was burned for his daring views on innumerable worlds or on the movement of the earth." Yates however writes that "the Church was... perfectly within its rights if it included philosophical points in its

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Other scholars oppose such views, and claim Bruno's martyrdom to science to be exaggerated, or outright false. For Yates, while "nineteenth century liberals" were thrown "into ecstasies" over Bruno's Copernicanism, "Bruno pushes Copernicus' scientific work back into a prescientific stage, back into

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The Spirit of Things (Transcript) "Erica Patient: She came into contact with theosophy through 2GB, Station 2GB when it was owned by the Theosophical Society. Rachael Kohn: GB stands for Giordano Bruno. Erica Patient: It does. Actually we wanted to have AB for Annie Besant, but it sounded too like

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At the time such a move did not seem to be too much of a risk: Venice was by far the most liberal of the Italian states; the European tension had been temporarily eased after the death of the intransigent pope Sixtus V in 1590; the Protestant Henry of Bourbon was now on the throne of France, and a

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Theophilus – air through which the clouds and winds move are parts of the Earth, to mean under the name of Earth the whole machinery and the entire animated part, which consists of dissimilar parts; so that the rivers, the rocks, the seas, the whole vaporous and turbulent air, which is enclosed

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In the second half of the 16th century, the theories of Copernicus (1473–1543) began diffusing through Europe. Copernicus conserved the idea of planets fixed to solid spheres, but considered the apparent motion of the stars to be an illusion caused by the rotation of the Earth on its axis; he also

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One of the first and most notable developments consisted in a growing awareness that earlier commentators had indeed been right to consider Bruno's trial as being closely linked to that of Galileo (...) Jean Seidengart underlined the particular emphasis to be found throughout the trial on Bruno's

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perpetual becoming of all things in an infinite universe." A. M. Paterson says that, while we no longer have a copy of the official papal condemnation of Bruno, his heresies included "the doctrine of the infinite universe and the innumerable worlds" and his beliefs "on the movement of the earth".

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Alfonso Ingegno states that Bruno's philosophy "challenges the developments of the Reformation, calls into question the truth-value of the whole of Christianity, and claims that Christ perpetrated a deceit on mankind... Bruno suggests that we can now recognize the universal law which controls the

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and forbidden books soon caused him difficulties. Given the controversy he caused in later life, it is surprising that he was able to remain within the monastic system for eleven years. In his testimony to Venetian inquisitors during his trial many years later, he says that proceedings were twice

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in 1600. After his death, he gained considerable fame, being particularly celebrated by 19th- and early 20th-century commentators who regarded him as a martyr for science. Some historians are of the opinion his heresy trial was not a response to his cosmological views but rather a response to his

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Gosselin has argued that Bruno's report that he returned to Dominican garb in Padua suggests that he kept his tonsure at least until his arrival in Geneva in 1579. He also suggests it is likely that Bruno kept the tonsure even after this point, showing a continued and deep religious attachment

984:"I got me such a name that King Henry III summoned me one day to discover from me if the memory which I possessed was natural or acquired by magic art. I satisfied him that it did not come from sorcery but from organized knowledge; and, following this, I got a book on memory printed, entitled 1792:

Bruno's cosmology distinguishes between "suns" which produce their own light and heat, and have other bodies moving around them; and "earths" which move around suns and receive light and heat from them. Bruno suggested that some, if not all, of the objects classically known as

2210:, "His philosophy is a kind of dualism – every power in nature must evolve an opposite in order to realise itself and opposition brings reunion". Amongst his numerous allusions to Bruno in his novel, including his trial and torture, Joyce plays upon Bruno's notion of 1939:

declared Bruno's death to be a "sad episode" but, despite his regret, he defended Bruno's prosecutors, maintaining that the Inquisitors "had the desire to serve freedom and promote the common good and did everything possible to save his life". In the same year, Pope

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The earliest likeness of Bruno is an engraving published in 1715 and cited by Salvestrini as "the only known portrait of Bruno". Salvestrini suggests that it is a re-engraving made from a now lost original. This engraving has provided the source for later images.

3356: 1614:, envisioning instead an infinite universe whose center was everywhere and circumference nowhere, and moreover teeming with countless stars. He also predicted that neither were the rotational orbits circular nor were their movements uniform. 3113:

This is recorded in the diary of one Guillaume Cotin, librarian of the Abbey of St. Victor, who recorded recollections of a number of personal conversations he had with Bruno. Bruno also mentions this dedication in the Dedicatory Epistle of

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desire "to improve speculative science and knowledge of natural things," and to achieve a philosophy "which brings about the perfection of the human intellect most easily and eminently, and most closely corresponds to the truth of nature."

2044:, "in 1600 there was no official Catholic position on the Copernican system, and it was certainly not a heresy. When Bruno was burned at the stake as a heretic, it had nothing to do with his writings in support of Copernican cosmology." 1573:

The records of Bruno's imprisonment by the Venetian inquisition in May 1592 describe him as a man "of average height, with a hazel-coloured beard and the appearance of being about forty years of age". Alternately, a passage in a work by

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In the same rooms where Giordano Bruno was questioned, for the same important reasons of the relationship between science and faith, at the dawning of the new astronomy and at the decline of Aristotle's philosophy, sixteen years later,

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Campo de' Fiori was festooned with flags bearing Masonic symbols. Fiery speeches were made by politicians, scholars and atheists about the importance of commemorating Bruno as one of the most original and oppressed freethinkers of his

1043:, 1582). In the 16th century dedications were, as a rule, approved beforehand, and hence were a way of placing a work under the protection of an individual. Given that Bruno dedicated various works to the likes of King Henry III, Sir 2129:

presents Bruno as an impoverished philosopher who was ultimately executed due to his refusal to recant his belief in other worlds, a portrayal that was criticized by some as simplistic or historically inaccurate. Corey S. Powell, of

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one year later. Bruno accepted Mocenigo's invitation and moved to Venice in March 1592. For about two months he served as an in-house tutor to Mocenigo, to whom he let slip some of his heterodox ideas. Mocenigo denounced him to the

2901:, University of California Press, p. 24, "Though Bruno may have been a brilliant thinker whose work stands as a bridge between ancient and modern thought, his persecution cannot be seen solely in light of the war between 1115:

that the earth did go round, and the heavens did stand still; whereas in truth it was his own head which rather did run round, and his brains did not stand still", and found Bruno had both plagiarized and misrepresented

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indicates that Bruno was of diminutive stature: "When that Italian Didapper, who intituled himselfe Philotheus Iordanus Brunus Nolanus, magis elaboratae Theologiae Doctor, &c. with a name longer than his body...".

2175:, a (possibly autobiographical) poem about a group of American poets who visit Italy and are lectured about Bruno and the nature of poetry by a local arts administrator. The poem was published in the collection 961:, a distinguished professor. Bruno and the printer, Jean Bergeon, were promptly arrested. Rather than apologizing, Bruno insisted on continuing to defend his publication. He was refused the right to take 6113:

Complete works of Bruno as well as main biographies and studies available for free download in PDF format from the Warburg Institute and the Centro Internazionale di Studi Bruniani Giovanni Aquilecchia

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Bruno imagines all planets and stars having souls (part of what he means by them all having the same "composition"), and he uses his cosmology as a tool for advancing an animist or Pandeist theology.

2917:, p. 7: "This was perhaps the most dangerous notion of all... If other worlds existed with intelligent beings living there, did they too have their visitations? The idea was quite unthinkable." 1935:, who discovered a number of lost documents relating to Bruno's trial, stated that the Church was perfectly justified in condemning him. On the 400th anniversary of Bruno's death, in 2000, Cardinal 1788:

The universe is then one, infinite, immobile... It is not capable of comprehension and therefore is endless and limitless, and to that extent infinite and indeterminable, and consequently immobile.

859:, and for having recommended controversial texts to a novice. Such behavior could perhaps be overlooked, but Bruno's situation became much more serious when he was reported to have defended the 1892:

as pandeistic, writing that it was "a tool for advancing an animist or Pandeist theology", and this assessment of Bruno as a pandeist was agreed with by science writer Michael Newton Keas, and

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preserved the notion of an immobile center, but it was the Sun rather than the Earth. Copernicus also argued the Earth was a planet orbiting the Sun once every year. However he maintained the

2371:(the search for extraterrestrial intelligence). The award was proposed by sociologist Donald Tarter in 1995 on the 395th anniversary of Bruno's death. The trophy presented is called a Bruno. 4106: 4323: 4191:(1584) claims that "innumerable celestial bodies, stars, globes, suns and earths may be sensibly perceived therein by us and an infinite number of them may be inferred by our own reason." 1967:

in writing that Bruno "ushers in a modern theory of knowledge that understands all natural things in the universe to be known by the human mind through the mind's dialectical structure".

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was strongly expressed in the teachings of Bruno, especially with respect to the vision of a deity for which "the concept of God is not separated from that of the universe." However,

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In particular, to support the Copernican view and oppose the objection according to which the motion of the Earth would be perceived by means of the motion of winds, clouds etc., in

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magazine, says of Bruno, "A major reason he moved around so much is that he was argumentative, sarcastic, and drawn to controversy...He was a brilliant, complicated, difficult man.

6117: 1906: 6474: 1209:, put forth this idea in a published work in 1576, some eight years earlier than Bruno. An infinite universe and the possibility of alien life had also been earlier suggested by 2090:

on the site of his execution became feasible. The monument was sharply opposed by the clerical party, but was finally erected by the Rome Municipality and inaugurated in 1889.

4374:, 03.23.14: "Bruno, for instance, was a 'pandeist', which is the belief that God had transformed himself into all matter and ceased to exist as a distinct entity in himself." 2060:, who then contested Bruno's heretical theses, summoned Galileo Galilei, who also faced a famous inquisitorial trial, which, luckily for him, ended with a simple abjuration. 1123:

Nevertheless, his stay in England was fruitful. During that time Bruno completed and published some of his most important works, the six "Italian Dialogues", including the

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Hegel's lectures on the history of philosophy, translated by E.S. Haldane and F.H. Simson, in three volumes. Volume III, p. 119. The Humanities Press, 1974, New York.

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has advanced the theory that, while staying in the French Embassy in London, Bruno was also spying on Catholic conspirators, under the pseudonym "Henry Fagot", for

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Oxford University, Feingold suggests that "it might have been Bruno's manner, his language and his self-assertiveness, rather than his ideas" that caused offence.

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Illuminated illustration of the Ptolemaic geocentric conception of the universe. The outermost text reads "The heavenly empire, dwelling of God and all the elect."

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in "On Learned Ignorance" published in 1440 and Bruno attributed his understanding of multiple worlds to this earlier scholar, who he called "the divine Cusanus".

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In October 1585, Castelnau was recalled to France, and Bruno went with him. In Paris, Bruno found a tense political situation. Moreover, his 120 theses against

5154:"A Selected Analytical Bibliography of Works for Saxophone by Composers Associated with the Darmstadt International Summer Courses for New Music: 1946-2021" 3714:"Il Sommario del Processo di Giordano Bruno, con appendice di Documenti sull'eresia e l'inquisizione a Modena nel secolo XVI", edited by Angelo Mercati, in 3643:"II Sommario del Processo di Giordano Bruno, con appendice di Documenti sull'eresia e l'inquisizione a Modena nel secolo XVI", edited by Angelo Mercati, in 365:

views, while others find the main reason for Bruno's death was indeed his cosmological views. Bruno's case is still considered a landmark in the history of

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in 1572 at age 24. During his time in Naples, he became known for his skill with the art of memory and on one occasion traveled to Rome to demonstrate his

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makes an annual award honoring the memory of Giordano Bruno to a deserving person or persons who have made a significant contribution to the practice of

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Bruno wrote that other worlds "have no less virtue nor a nature different from that of our Earth" and, like Earth, "contain animals and inhabitants".

400:. Other studies of Bruno have focused on his qualitative approach to mathematics and his application of the spatial concepts of geometry to language. 57: 6319: 5227: 2813: 2368: 2364: 3985: 2116:. Edward Gosselin has suggested that it is likely Bruno kept his tonsure at least until 1579, and it is possible that he wore it again thereafter. 6529: 1575: 1104: 4114: 4823: 4365: 3981: 3063:; for a return to emphasis on Bruno's role in the development of Science, and criticism of Yates' emphasis on magical and Hermetic themes, see 1918: 992:

In Paris, Bruno enjoyed the protection of his powerful French patrons. During this period, he published several works on mnemonics, including

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The Giordano Bruno Foundation (German: Giordano-Bruno-Stiftung) is a non-profit foundation based in Germany that pursues the "Support of

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Bruno is sometimes cited as being the first to propose that the universe is infinite, which he did during his time in England, but an

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through applying his name to word puns such as "Browne and Nolan" (the name of Dublin printers) and '"brownesberrow in nolandsland".

803:) in 1548, he was the son of Giovanni Bruno (1517- c. 1592), a soldier, and Fraulissa Savolino (1520-?). In his youth he was sent to 6519: 6065: 4333: 4261: 4228: 2242:. Historical episodes from Bruno’s life are fictionalized in the novels, and his philosophical ideas are key to the novels’ themes. 828: 713: 289:

and gave a mystical stance to exploring the universe. He proposed that the stars were distant suns surrounded by their own planets (

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takes exception to what he considers Weinstein's overbroad assertions that Bruno, as well as other historical philosophers such as

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Alessandro G. Farinella and Carole Preston, "Giordano Bruno: Neoplatonism and the Wheel of Memory in the 'De Umbris Idearum'", in

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in May 1579. But in keeping with his personality he could not long remain silent. In August he published an attack on the work of

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in Naples, taking the name Giordano, after Giordano Crispo, his metaphysics tutor. He continued his studies there, completing his

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is an unfinished, posthumously published fictional autobiography of Bruno, ostensibly written shortly before Bruno's execution.

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During the late 16th century, and throughout the 17th century, Bruno's ideas were held up for ridicule, debate, or inspiration.

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Bruno anticipates some of the arguments of Galilei on the relativity principle. Note that he also uses the example now known as

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Gosselin, Edward A. (1996). "A Dominican Head in Layman's Garb? A Correction to the Scientific Iconography of Giordano Bruno".

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natural science soon put him in ill favor. In 1586, following a violent quarrel over these theses, he left France for Germany.

31: 5632: 5384: 2125:. In this depiction, Bruno is shown with a more modern look, without tonsure and wearing clerical robes and without his hood. 1922:

Monument to Giordano Bruno at Potsdamer Platz in Berlin, Germany, referencing his burning at the stake while tied upside down.

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The earliest depiction of Bruno is an engraving published in 1715 in Germany, presumed based on a lost contemporary portrait.

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Edward A. Gosselin, "A Dominican Head in Layman's Garb? A Correction to the Scientific Iconography of Giordano Bruno", in

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Encyclopedia of Cosmology (Routledge Revivals): Historical, Philosophical, and Scientific Foundations of Modern Cosmology

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Giordano Bruno, Teofilo, in Cause, Principle, and Unity, "Fifth Dialogue", (1588), ed. and trans. by Jack Lindsay (1962).

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Bruno's idea of multiple worlds instantiating the infinite possibilities of a pristine, indivisible One, a forerunner of

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In Search of the Multiverse: Parallel Worlds, Hidden Dimensions, and the Ultimate Quest for the Frontiers of Reality

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Michael White notes that the Inquisition may have pursued Bruno early in his life on the basis of his opposition to

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The measures taken to prevent Bruno continuing to speak have resulted in his becoming a symbol for free thought and

1313:). All these were apparently transcribed or recorded by Besler (or Bisler) between 1589 and 1590. He also published 6419: 6409: 6379: 6158: 5201: 4850: 4609: 2434: 2168:, which addresses Bruno, along with Galileo and Newton, as an originator of the modern scientific-industrial world. 2147: 1828: 1769: 1463: 1416: 1258:

for two years. However, with a change of intellectual climate there, he was no longer welcome, and went in 1588 to

1004: 908: 646: 548: 519: 428: 3543: 6494: 6374: 2342: 2048: 1656: 1365: 807:

to be educated. He was tutored privately at the Augustinian monastery there, and attended public lectures at the

756: 353: 4777: 6354: 4057:

Giordano Bruno, Teofilo, in La Cena de le Ceneri, "Third Dialogue", (1584), ed. and trans. by S.L. Jaki (1975).

2352: 2087: 2035:

condemnation of Bruno's heresies" because "the philosophical points were quite inseparable from the heresies."

1875: 1691: 1652: 1535: 1359:, where he taught briefly, and applied unsuccessfully for the chair of mathematics, which was given instead to 1108: 1088: 5289:

Mertens, Manuel (2009). "A Perspective on Bruno's "De Compendiosa Architectura et Complemento Artis Lullii"".

593: 1854:("World and Life Views, Emerging From Religion, Philosophy and Nature"), wrote that the theological model of 1494:

declared Bruno a heretic, and the Inquisition issued a sentence of death. According to the correspondence of

1035:

then becoming popular. Bruno also published a comedy summarizing some of his philosophical positions, titled

6384: 6284: 2380: 2256: 1551: 1271: 1100: 4800: 1561:

in present-day Rome, where an annual memorial service takes place close to the spot where he was executed.

1336:, who wished to be instructed in the art of memory, and also heard of a vacant chair in mathematics at the 2981: 2083: 1847: 1543: 1430: 1192: 1188: 1160: 499: 325: 1513:(a central Roman market square), naked, with his "tongue imprisoned because of his wicked words", he was 6389: 6349: 6101: 4429: 4034: 2351:". It was founded by entrepreneur Herbert Steffen in 2004. The Giordano Bruno Foundation is critical of 2348: 2239: 2219: 1664: 1452: 951: 816: 2857: 2228: 1931:

The Vatican has published few official statements about Bruno's trial and execution. In 1942, Cardinal

1238:

Woodcut from "Articuli centum et sexaginta adversus huius tempestatis mathematicos atque philosophos",

4884: 6464: 6294: 6289: 4010: 3947: 3718:, vol. 101; the precise terminology for the tool used to silence Bruno before burning is recorded as 3059:; for an alternative assessment, placing more emphasis on the Kabbalah, and less on Hermeticism, see 2902: 2295:

to Italian texts by Bruno, recorded in 1972 at the Salzburg Festival reissued on CD Orfeo C609 031B.

2154: 1863: 1815:

in 1664. Bruno's true, if partial, vindication would have to wait for the implications and impact of

988:, which I dedicated to His Majesty. Forthwith he gave me an Extraordinary Lectureship with a salary." 947: 749: 676: 580: 484: 412: 141: 5565: 5316: 6469: 5175: 4984: 4773: 4768: 4328: 2207: 2180: 1944:

made a general apology for "the use of violence that some have committed in the service of truth".

1880: 1777: 1473: 1337: 1112: 1076: 1072: 1048: 977: 631: 540: 434: 397: 281:. He is known for his cosmological theories, which conceptually extended to include the then-novel 3805:

Nicholas of Cusa on learned ignorance : a translation and an appraisal of De docta ignorantia

2927:

Shackelford, Joel (2009). "Myth 7 That Giordano Bruno was the first martyr of modern science". In

2119:

An idealized animated version of Bruno appears in the first episode of the 2014 television series

1095:, and unsuccessfully sought a teaching position there. His views were controversial, notably with 843:. In his later years, Bruno claimed that the Pope accepted his dedication to him of the lost work 6232: 6184: 6093: 5298: 5072: 4737: 4687: 4026: 4000: 3861: 3337: 3329: 2262: 2025: 1808: 1741: 1699: 1437: 1412: 1345: 1165: 1124: 792: 703: 329: 4253: 1911: 1510: 1478: 357: 6120:

High resolution images of works by and/or portraits of Giordano Bruno in .jpg and .tiff format.

5895: 1055:, it is apparent that this wanderer had risen sharply in status and moved in powerful circles. 6334: 6256: 6127: 6061: 6042: 6023: 5980: 5958: 5915: 5867: 5843: 5807: 5788: 5769: 5750: 5731: 5712: 5701: 5685: 5653: 5527: 5467: 5461: 5390: 4926: 4515: 4301: 4257: 4224: 4169: 4163: 3963: 3925: 3905: 3853: 3818: 3808: 3688: 3682: 3438: 3416: 3389: 3365: 3012: 2987: 2956: 2948: 2408: 2314: 2307: 2299: 2288: 2277: 2224: 2057: 1958:

Some authors have characterized Bruno as a "martyr of science", suggesting parallels with the

1871: 1756: 1660: 1647:, and that all heavenly bodies revolved around it. The ultimate limit of the universe was the 1593: 1531: 1491: 1487: 1349: 1213: 1092: 1028: 994: 800: 469: 309: 145: 86: 5619:

Aquilecchia, Giovanni; Montano, Aniello; Bertrando, Spaventa (2007). Gargano, Antonio (ed.).

5601: 5521: 5507: 5429: 5413: 5045: 956: 6449: 6208: 6172: 6151: 5972: 5823: 5157: 4974:

McHugh, Roland. Annotations to Finnegans Wake. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1980. Print, xv.

4918: 4729: 4679: 4507: 4140: 4018: 3955: 3845: 3768: 3745: 3321: 3312: 2391: 2094: 2079: 1932: 1867: 1695: 1607: 1514: 1448: 1377: 1216: 808: 718: 585: 305: 294: 282: 241: 187: 169: 115: 6017: 4393: 5708: 4828: 4370: 4294:

Welt- und Lebensanschauungen, Hervorgegangen aus Religion, Philosophie und Naturerkenntnis

4281:

Welt- und Lebensanschauungen, Hervorgegangen aus Religion, Philosophie und Naturerkenntnis

2165: 2098: 2075: 1953: 1894: 1885: 1852:

Welt- und Lebensanschauungen, Hervorgegangen aus Religion, Philosophie und Naturerkenntnis

1715: 1703: 1619: 1611: 1388:

During the seven years of his trial in Rome, Bruno was held in confinement, lastly in the

1360: 1333: 1275: 1176: 1117: 916: 876: 840: 812: 626: 526: 393: 4297: 4296:("World and Life Views, Emerging From Religion, Philosophy and Perception of Nature") in 5365: 4014: 3951: 1811:, for example, wrote an entire series of poems against "atoms" and "infinite worlds" in 1506:("Perhaps you pronounce this sentence against me with greater fear than I receive it"). 1502:, he is said to have made a threatening gesture towards his judges and to have replied: 6268: 5669: 5231: 4945:"Tom Hunley's "Epiphanic Structure in Heather McHugh's Ars Poetica, 'What He Thought'"" 4880: 4246: 3959: 2928: 2202: 2172: 1983:

Hermeticism, interpreting the Copernican diagram as a hieroglyph of divine mysteries."

1974:, "aimed at liberating man from the fear of death and the gods." Characters in Bruno's 1959: 1801:, he was the first person to grasp that "stars are other suns with their own planets." 1495: 1490:, who demanded a full recantation, which Bruno eventually refused. On 20 January 1600, 1477:

The trial of Giordano Bruno by the Roman Inquisition. Bronze relief by Ettore Ferrari,

1459: 1423: 1376:

brought against him in Venice, based on Mocenigo's denunciation, was his belief in the

1199: 723: 681: 666: 534: 337: 246: 38: 5547: 4022: 2692:

Articuli centum et sexaginta adversus huius tempestatis mathematicos atque Philosophos

1598: 1063: 6278: 6082: 5857: 5836: 5628: 5487: 5271: 4691: 4030: 3341: 2808: 2387: 2031: 1936: 1727: 1707: 1676: 1547: 1389: 1206: 1084: 1044: 608: 381: 373: 341: 6239: 4088: 17: 6263: 6244: 6220: 6196: 5684:. Translated by Robert de Lucca; Richard J. Blackwell. Cambridge University Press. 5640: 5344: 5228:"Berlin human rights conference stands up to nationalism, religious fundamentalism" 4922: 4683: 4102: 3722:, or "a vise of wood", and not an iron spike as sometimes claimed by other sources. 3408: 1941: 1824: 1816: 1798: 1091:, though there is no evidence that Bruno ever met Dee himself. He also lectured at 1032: 729: 671: 389: 366: 274: 104: 6118:

Online Galleries, History of Science Collections, University of Oklahoma Libraries

4858: 30:

This article is about the Italian philosopher Giordano Bruno. For other uses, see

6088: 5584: 5002: 4906: 4511: 3899: 3357:

God's Philosophers: How the Medieval World Laid the Foundations of Modern Science

2439: 1087:(to whom he dedicated two books) and other members of the Hermetic circle around 1009: 4644: 4592: 4200: 3793:

Robert McNulty, "Bruno at Oxford", in Renaissance News, 1960 (XIII), pp. 300–305

3310:

Weiner, Andrew D. (1980). "Expelling the Beast: Bruno's Adventures in England".

2640:

One Hundred and Twenty Articles on Nature and the World Against the Peripatetics

2321: 2249: 2197: 1843: 1794: 1745: 1668: 1640: 1558: 1539: 1401: 1393: 1341: 1279: 1080: 1052: 924: 851: 836: 505: 420: 349: 321: 286: 278: 258: 129: 6179: 6123: 5153: 3750: 3733: 4640: 3381: 3361: 2894: 2276:

series (2010–2023) of historical crime novels by S. J. Parris (a pseudonym of

1687: 1234: 1184: 872: 855:

taken against him for having cast away images of the saints, retaining only a

824: 651: 476: 385: 270: 5246: 4930: 3967: 3857: 1639:, during Bruno's time most educated Catholics subscribed to the Aristotelian 1067:

Woodcut illustration of one of Giordano Bruno's less complex mnemonic devices

6004: 5331:"'Meanings of "contractio" in Giordano Bruno's Sigillus sigillorum' – Staff" 3822: 2017: 1971: 1889: 1859: 1835: 1781: 1627: 1623: 1369: 1325: 1267: 1255: 1228: 1202: 962: 820: 598: 513: 446: 362: 333: 290: 266: 157: 6108:

Bruno's Latin and Italian works online: Biblioteca Ideale di Giordano Bruno

3836:

Certeau, Michel De; Porter, Catherine (1987). "The Gaze Nicholas of Cusa".

2953:

Ideas under Fire: Historical Studies of Philosophy and Science in Adversity

2051:, discussing a summary of legal proceedings against Bruno in Rome, states: 1509:

He was turned over to the secular authorities. On 17 February 1600, in the

1422:

holding opinions contrary to the Catholic faith pertaining to Jesus as the

6039:

The Acentric Labyrinth. Giordano Bruno's Prelude to Contemporary Cosmology

5386:

Anima Mundi: The Rise of the World Soul Theory in Modern German Philosophy

4352:

UNbelievable: 7 Myths About the History and Future of Science and Religion

1270:, but no teaching position. He went on to serve briefly as a professor in 934: 6136: 2949:"Why Giordano Bruno's "Tranquil Universal Philosophy" Finished in a Fire" 2384: 2021: 2006: 1855: 1839: 1396:

speculates the charges made against Bruno by the Roman Inquisition were:

1368:, which had Bruno arrested on 22 May 1592. Among the numerous charges of 1071:

In April 1583, Bruno went to England with letters of recommendation from

973: 860: 856: 832: 796: 656: 603: 377: 298: 5302: 5156:, Christopher Mark DeLouis, DMA thesis, West Virginia University, 2021, 4613: 2383:

on the far side of the Moon is named in his honor, as are the main belt

1352:, Bruno was lulled into making the fatal mistake of returning to Italy. 5161: 4741: 2113: 2093:

A statue of a stretched human figure standing on its head, designed by

1672: 1499: 1408: 1289:

works, dictated to his friend and secretary Girolamo Besler, including

1247: 1210: 920: 868: 864: 317: 5955:

The Expulsion of the Triumphant Beast: Spaccio Della Bestia Trionfante

5894: 3865: 3333: 3055:

The primary work on the relationship between Bruno and Hermeticism is

4706: 4324:"Defending Giordano Bruno: A Response from the Co-Writer of 'Cosmos'" 2235: 2102: 1780:(momentum). Most dramatically, he completely abandoned the idea of a 1680: 1373: 1329: 1263: 1259: 1239: 943: 900: 892: 850:

While Bruno was distinguished for outstanding ability, his taste for

804: 787: 6132: 4733: 2696:

One Hundred and Sixty Theses Against Mathematicians and Philosophers

2636:

Centum et viginti articuli de natura et mundo adversus peripateticos

2291:

set his large scale cantata for orchestra, choir and four soloists,

1768:

Bruno's infinite universe was filled with a substance—a "pure air",

6215: 4005: 3986:"The contribution of Giordano Bruno to the principle of relativity" 3849: 3325: 312:

on charges of denial of several core Catholic doctrines, including

5946:

Im Schatten der Diana: Die Jagdmetapher im Werk von Giordano Bruno

2794: 1917: 1905: 1597: 1530:

in 1603. The inquisition cardinals who judged Giordano Bruno were

1518: 1504:

Maiori forsan cum timore sententiam in me fertis quam ego accipiam

1472: 1356: 1286: 1233: 1062: 933: 912: 907:

with the permission (so he claimed at his trial) of the Dominican

896: 27:

Italian Dominican friar, philosopher and mathematician (1548–1600)

3807:(2nd ed.). Minneapolis: A.J. Benning Press. pp. 89–98. 3011:(in Spanish). México D.F.: Siglo XXI Editores. pp. 159–169. 2302:

wrote an opera, based on a libretto by Stefano Busellato, titled

5728:

Giordano Bruno and the Kabbalah: Prophets, Magicians, and Rabbis

3881:

Bulletin of the Polish Institute of Arts and Sciences in America

2265:, several characters travel on an interstellar spaceship named 2109: 1732:

In 1584, Bruno published two important philosophical dialogues (

1622:

that the orbits of the planets were composed of perfect circles—

969: 928: 888: 782: 345: 313: 262: 100: 82: 3938:

Russell, Henry Norris (1931). "Tidying Up the Constellations".

2933:

Galileo goes to jail and other myths about science and religion

1554:(Archbishop of Santa Severina, Cardinal-Bishop of Palestrina). 915:, where he met fellow Dominicans who convinced him to wear his 875:

was being prepared against him in Naples he fled, shedding his

5345:"Giordano Bruno: The Heroic Frenzies ('De Gli Eroici Furori')" 5272:"Giordano Bruno: Cantus Circaeus ('The Incantation of Circe')" 2951:. In Lavery, Jonathan; Groarke, Louis; Sweet, William (eds.). 2108:

Retrospective iconography of Bruno shows him with a Dominican

2005:

writes that Bruno's life represented "a bold rejection of all

1429:

holding opinions contrary to the Catholic faith regarding the

372:

In addition to cosmology, Bruno also wrote extensively on the

257:, January or February 1548 – 17 February 1600) was an Italian 5930: 4961:

James Joyce, Letter to Harriet Shaw Weaver, 27 January 1925,

4447:. Charles C. Thomas, Springfield, Illinois, 1970, p. 16. 1630:—and that the stars were fixed on a stationary outer sphere. 336:

was not taken lightly by the church, nor was his teaching of

222: 202: 4670:

Bhattacharjee, Yudhiijit (13 March 2008). "Think About It".

1344:

seemed to be losing some of its strictness, and because the

1179:. Some of the works that Bruno published in London, notably 193: 3131: 3043: 2150:, written when the statue of Bruno was constructed in Rome. 1436:

holding opinions contrary to the Catholic faith about both

1079:. Bruno lived at the French embassy with the lexicographer 867:, annotated by him, was discovered hidden in the monastery 384:

argues that Bruno was deeply influenced by the presocratic

228: 208: 4824:"How 'Cosmos' Bungles the History of Religion and Science" 3904:. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press. p. 25. 2798:), Dritter Band (1962) / curantibus F. Tocco et H. Vitelli 1834:

While many academics note Bruno's theological position as

1407:

holding opinions contrary to the Catholic faith about the

190: 6099:

Library of the World's Best Literature Ancient and Modern

4610:"Summary of the trial against Giordano Bruno: Rome, 1597" 4187:

Bruno (from the mouth of his character Philotheo) in his

2983:

Burned Alive: Giordano Bruno, Galileo and the Inquisition

2899:

The Constant Fire: Beyond the Science vs. Religion Debate

2192:

Bruno and his theory of "the coincidence of contraries" (

1542:), Domenico Cardinal Pinelli, Pompeio Cardinal Arrigoni, 5027:

Margaret Jones, "Vale a reluctant heretic", critique of

4637:"A hungry mind: Giordano Bruno, philosopher and heretic" 4366:

How 'Cosmos' Bungles the History of Religion and Science

2097:

and depicting Bruno's death at the stake, was placed in

396:-like legends surrounding the Hellenistic conception of 2746:

Of Innumerable Things, Vastness and the Unrepresentable

2394:; the latter is named after his philosophical dialogue 1633:

Despite the widespread publication of Copernicus' work

965:. Though this right was soon restored, he left Geneva. 5360: 5358: 5247:"The SETI League, Inc. Giordano Bruno Technical Award" 5118:

Giordano Bruno, Opéra de Francesco Filidei, Calendrier

2935:. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. p. 66. 2306:. The premiere took place on 12 September 2015 at the 1246:

In Germany he failed to obtain a teaching position at

6156: 5621:

Le deposizioni davanti al tribunale dell'Inquisizione

4563: 4561: 3734:"Giordano Bruno: Expander of the Copernican Universe" 1970:

Ingegno writes that Bruno embraced the philosophy of

225: 205: 5499: 5497: 4504:

Occult and scientific mentalities in the Renaissance

2453:

De compendiosa architectura et complento artis Lulli

1910:

The monument to Bruno in the place he was executed,

1740:) in which he argued against the planetary spheres ( 1651:, whose diurnal rotation was conferred upon it by a 1610:

challenged the then widely accepted philosophies of

1111:. Abbot mocked Bruno for supporting "the opinion of 972:, and thereafter settling for a time (1580–1581) in 219: 216: 199: 5443:"Progress and the Hunter's Lamp of Logical Methods" 5130:

Giordano Bruno, Opéra de Francesco Filidei, Musique

3170: 3168: 1120:'s work, leading Bruno to return to the continent. 213: 196: 163: 151: 135: 125: 111: 93: 71: 48: 5948:(in German). Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang Verlag. 5835: 5822: 5700: 5668: 5142:Giordano Bruno, Opéra de Francesco Filidei, Livret 4245: 2223:was released, an Italian/French movie directed by 6060:. Translated by R.E.W. Maddison. Paris: Hermann. 4419:, Ontario Consultants. Retrieved 27 December 2013 2660:Progress and the Hunter's Lamp of Logical Methods 6011:. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. 5905:. Vol. 4 (11th ed.). pp. 686–687. 5671:Giordano Bruno: His Life, Thought, and Martyrdom 5317:"Thirty dangerous seals | Lines of thought" 1748:in 1587) and affirmed the Copernican principle. 1655:God, not part of the universe (although, as the 5682:Cause, Principle and Unity: And Essays on Magic 4753: 4751: 3879:Koyré, Alexandre (1943). "NICOLAS COPERNICUS". 3437:. New York: Springer International Publishing. 2590:Two Dialogues of Fabricii Mordentis Salernitani 6480:People executed by the Papal States by burning 5176:"Avenged Sevenfold – The Stage (Album Review)" 4434:The Popular Science Monthly, Supplement, 1878. 2313:The 2016 song "Roman Sky" by heavy metal band 1797:are in fact suns. According to astrophysicist 1315:De Imaginum, Signorum, Et Idearum Compositione 6545:Academic staff of the University of Helmstedt 5953:Bruno, Giordano (2024). Gatti, Hilary (ed.). 4705:Schmidt-Salomon, Michael (26 February 2008). 4217:Biernacki, Loriliai; Clayton, Philip (2014). 4074: 4072: 3560:religious pacification seemed to be imminent. 3150:, Vol. 27, No. 3 (Autumn, 1996), pp. 673–678. 3080:, Vol. 55, No. 2, (Summer, 2002), pp. 596–624 2756:On the Composition of Images, Signs and Ideas 2752:De imaginum, signorum et idearum compositione 2586:Dialogi duo de Fabricii Mordentis Salernitani 2234:Bruno is a major character in the four-novel 1878:, were pandeists or leaned towards pandeism. 1675:had numbered these at 1,022, grouped into 48 1319:On the Composition of Images, Signs and Ideas 1051:(French Ambassador to England), and possibly 931:. His movements after this time are obscure. 757: 8: 6475:People excommunicated by the Catholic Church 5202:"The Curious Works of Roger Doyle, Reviewed" 4502:Feingold, Mordechai; Vickers, Brian (1984). 3993:Journal of Astronomical History and Heritage 3060: 2793:Giordano Bruno the Nolan's Works Written in 2789:Jordani Bruni Nolani opera latine conscripta 2742:De innumerabilibus, immenso, et infigurabili 2457:A Compendium of Architecture and Lulli's Art 2206:. Joyce wrote in a letter to his patroness, 1712:A Perfit Description of the Caelestial Orbes 1384:Imprisonment, trial and execution, 1593–1600 1274:, but had to flee again in 1590 when he was 863:, and when a copy of the banned writings of 5804:Giordano Bruno and the Geometry of Language 4991:. Continuum International Publishing Group. 2656:De progressu et lampade venatoria logicorum 2146:"The Monument of Giordano Bruno" (1889) by 1328:, where he received an invitation from the 1083:. There he became acquainted with the poet 4905:Mordecai; Marcus, Erin (1 February 1958). 2883:The Extraterrestrial Life Debate 1750–1900 2650:The Lamp of Combinations according to Lull 2398:("The Ash Wednesday Supper") (see above). 1404:and speaking against it and its ministers; 764: 750: 427: 407: 56: 45: 6300:16th-century executions by Italian states 5996:Giordano Bruno: The Forgotten Philosopher 5863:Giordano Bruno and the Hermetic Tradition 5097:ABC. So they said they wouldn't have it." 4801:"Why Did Cosmos Focus on Giordano Bruno?" 4612:. Vatican Secret Archives. Archived from 4220:Panentheism Across the World's Traditions 4004: 3749: 3132:Aquilecchia, Montano & Bertrando 2007 3044:Aquilecchia, Montano & Bertrando 2007 2955:. Fairleigh Dickinson. pp. 116–118. 1683:were each fixed to a transparent sphere. 1250:, but was granted permission to teach at 1029:Circe in the arts § Reasoning beasts 6485:People executed by the Roman Inquisition 5829:. New York: Greenwood Press, Publishers. 5768:. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. 3926:Cosmography by Peter Apian, Antwerp 1539 3687:. Oxford University Press. p. 239. 3631: 3619: 3607: 3595: 3583: 3571: 3530: 3506: 3494: 3482: 3470: 3458: 3297: 3285: 3273: 3261: 3249: 3237: 3225: 3213: 3201: 2853: 2814:List of Roman Catholic scientist-clerics 2616:Animadversiones circa lampadem lullianam 1524:All of Bruno's works were placed on the 887:Bruno first went to the Genoese port of 297:. He also insisted that the universe is 97:17 February 1600 (aged 51–52) 6163: 6085:: text, concordances and frequency list 5366:"All About Heaven - Sources returnpage" 5046:"Children of God by Mary Doria Russell" 4803:. National Center for Science Education 4162:Hetherington, Norriss S., ed. (2014) . 3784:, Vol. 27, No. 3 (Autumn, 1996), p. 674 3764: 3732:Valentinuzzi, Max E. (4 October 2019). 2830: 1694:. Among those who did were the Germans 1606:In the first half of the 15th century, 1285:During this period he produced several 1175:, 1585). Some of these were printed by 1103:and subsequently bishop of Oxford, and 419: 5766:Giordano Bruno and Renaissance Science 5675:. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner. 4252:. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. p. 3668: 3435:Encyclopedia of Renaissance Philosophy 3189: 3159: 3101: 3089: 2576:Figuratio Aristotelici Physici auditus 2521:Concerning Cause, Principle, and Unity 2375:Astronomical objects named after Bruno 5460:Rowland, Ingrid D. (September 2009). 5226:Heinrich, Daniel (12 November 2018). 5099:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation 4599:(online. Retrieved 19 November 2005). 4579: 4567: 4543: 4489: 4477: 4465: 4445:The Infinite Worlds of Giordano Bruno 4431:"Giordano Bruno and Galileo Galilei," 4386:"Vatican Regrets Burning Cosmologist" 3656: 3518: 3386:Giordano Bruno and the Embassy Affair 3064: 3056: 3031: 2914: 2869: 2837: 2550:The Expulsion of the Triumphant Beast 1998:Lectures on the History of Philosophy 1156:The Expulsion of the Triumphant Beast 1075:as a guest of the French ambassador, 968:He went to France, arriving first in 380:techniques and principles. Historian 240: 7: 6305:16th-century Italian Christian monks 5866:. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul. 5825:Giordano Bruno: His Life and Thought 5703:Historical Dictionary of Catholicism 5597: 5503: 5425: 5409: 4635:Findlen, Paula (10 September 2008). 3984:and Catarina Espirito Santo (2015), 3388:. New Haven: Yale University Press. 2849: 2726:On the Threefold Minimum and Measure 2009:beliefs resting on mere authority." 1148:On the Infinite, Universe and Worlds 795:, in the Southern Italian region of 521:The Book of the Secrets of the Stars 6009:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 5936:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 5785:Giordano Bruno: Philosopher/Heretic 5726:DeLeón-Jones, Karen Silvia (1997). 5566:"De monade, numero et figura liber" 4597:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 4244:Thielicke, Helmut (November 1990). 4085:On the infinite universe and worlds 3684:Discourse on Civility and Barbarity 2620:Amendments regarding Lull's Lantern 2528:On the Infinite Universe and Worlds 2142:Poems that refer to Bruno include: 2041:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 1636:De revolutionibus orbium coelestium 1538:, Camillo Cardinal Borghese (later 903:, where he published his lost work 883:First years of wandering, 1576–1583 811:. At the age of 17, he entered the 6550:Writers about religion and science 5090:Kohn, Rachael (15 November 2006). 4758:Powell, Corey S. (10 March 2014). 4322:Powell, Corey S. (13 March 2014). 3960:10.1038/scientificamerican0631-380 3901:Galileo, Bellarmine, and the Bible 2320:Bruno is the central character in 2272:Bruno features as the hero of the 1431:virginity of Mary, mother of Jesus 1348:was the most liberal state in the 1223:Last years of wandering, 1585–1592 1152:Lo spaccio de la bestia trionfante 709:Bibliotheca Philosophica Hermetica 463:Definitions of Hermes Trismegistus 25: 6315:16th-century Italian male writers 6310:16th-century Italian philosophers 5977:Eros and Magic in the Renaissance 5893:; Mitchell, John Malcolm (1911). 5585:"Summa Terminorum metaphysicorum" 5523:Eros and Magic in the Renaissance 5071:O'Connell, John (13 March 2010). 4443:Antoinette Mann Paterson (1970). 4023:10.3724/SP.J.1440-2807.2015.03.02 2947:Gatti, Hilary (26 October 2012). 2086:over the city, the erection of a 1588:Contemporary cosmological beliefs 1517:. His ashes were thrown into the 1469:dealing in magics and divination. 1400:holding opinions contrary to the 714:Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn 493:Discourse on the Eighth and Ninth 116:Execution by burning at the stake 6425:Italian male non-fiction writers 6262: 6250: 6238: 6226: 6214: 6202: 6190: 6178: 6166: 6148:Works by or about Giordano Bruno 6140: 5944:Bombassaro, Luiz Carlos (2002). 5821:Singer, Dorothea Waley (1968) . 4907:"26. Jarrell's the Emancipators" 4855:"The Monument of Giordano Bruno" 4822:Sessions, David (3 March 2014). 2736:On the Monad, Number, and Figure 2646:De Lampade combinatoria Lulliana 2580:Figures From Aristotle's Physics 1594:Celestial spheres § History 1532:Cardinal Bellarmino (Bellarmine) 1144:De l'infinito, universo et mondi 186: 6320:16th-century Italian scientists 6058:The Cosmology of Giordano Bruno 5979:. University of Chicago Press. 5957:. University of Toronto Press. 5650:Giordano Bruno: An Introduction 5623:(in Italian). La Citta del Sol. 5526:. University of Chicago Press. 5466:. University of Chicago Press. 4799:Rosenau, Josh (18 March 2014). 4384:Seife, Charles (1 March 2000). 4189:De l'infinito universo et mondi 2986:. University of Chicago Press. 2762:Summa terminorum metaphysicorum 2546:Spaccio de la bestia trionfante 2540:De l'infinito universo et mondi 2317:focuses on the death of Bruno. 2217:In 1973 the biographical drama 1838:, several have described it as 1738:De l'infinito universo et mondi 1692:Copernicus's heliocentric model 980:; Bruno subsequently reported: 392:, Renaissance Hermeticism, and 376:, a loosely organized group of 162: 32:Giordano Bruno (disambiguation) 6530:Philosophers of social science 5652:. Amsterdam/New York: Rodopi. 5174:Nash, Lisa (5 December 2016). 4923:10.1080/00144940.1958.11481973 4684:10.1126/science.319.5869.1467b 4417:Apologies by Pope John Paul II 4415:Robinson, B A (7 March 2000), 4107:"The Cosmos of Giordano Bruno" 3177:Bibliografia di Giordano Bruno 3175:Salvestrini, Virgilio (1958). 2766:Handbook of Metaphysical Terms 2517:De la causa, principio, et uno 2487:Explicatio triginta sigillorum 1466:of the human soul into brutes; 1: 5787:. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. 5747:Il processo di Giordano Bruno 5699:Collinge, William J. (2012). 5490:– via Internet Archive. 5488:"THE PLEASURE OF THE DISPUTE" 4722:The Sixteenth Century Journal 4306:Theologische Literaturzeitung 3782:The Sixteenth Century Journal 3147:The Sixteenth Century Journal 2980:Martínez, Alberto A. (2018). 2722:De triplici minimo et mensura 2630:The Lantern of Thirty Statues 2379:The 22 km impact crater 2359:Giordano Bruno Memorial Award 2164:"The Emancipators" (1958) by 1548:Pedro Cardinal De Deza Manuel 1140:On Cause, Principle and Unity 1136:De la causa, principio et uno 919:again. From Padua he went to 736:Hermetism and other religions 456:Liber Hermetis (astrological) 352:found him guilty, and he was 6395:Italian architecture writers 5842:. New York: William Morrow. 5639:. Mobile, AL. Archived from 5291:Bruniana & Campanelliana 4512:10.1017/CBO9780511572999.004 4350:Michael Newton Keas (2019). 3681:Fitzgerald, Timothy (2007). 2326:Heresy - an electronic opera 2196:) play an important role in 2171:"What He Thought" (1994) by 2153:"Campo Dei Fiori" (1943) by 2082:and the end of the Church's 1846:. Physicist and philosopher 1744:did the same in 1586 as did 1706:(1571–1630); the Englishman 1643:view that the Earth was the 1536:Cardinal Madruzzo (Madruzzi) 1447:claiming the existence of a 1311:A General Account of Bonding 923:and then across the Alps to 6515:Philosophers of mathematics 6330:Architectural theoreticians 6139:(public domain audiobooks) 6056:Michel, Paul Henri (1973). 6016:McIntyre, J. Lewis (1997). 5929:Blum, Paul Richard (2021). 5910:Blum, Paul Richard (1999). 5783:Rowland, Ingrid D. (2016). 5648:Blum, Paul Richard (2012). 4989:A history of Italian cinema 4851:Swinburne, Algernon Charles 3898:Blackwell, Richard (1991). 2491:Explanation of Thirty Seals 2122:Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey 1527:Index Librorum Prohibitorum 369:and the emerging sciences. 242:[dʒorˈdaːnoˈbruːno] 6566: 6490:People executed for heresy 6325:16th-century Italian poets 6089:Writings of Giordano Bruno 6037:Mendoza, Ramon G. (1995). 5998:. Rationalist Association. 5838:The Pope & the Heretic 5667:Boulting, William (1914). 5520:Couliano, Ioan P. (1987). 5035:, Spectrum, 5 August 2000. 4168:. Routledge. p. 419. 3751:10.1109/MPULS.2019.2937244 3120:Cabala del Cavallo Pegaseo 2732:De monade numero et figura 2560:Cabal of the Horse Pegasus 2556:Cabala del cavallo Pegaseo 2340: 2148:Algernon Charles Swinburne 1976:Cause, Principle and Unity 1951: 1829:many-worlds interpretation 1725: 1710:(c. 1546–1595), author of 1591: 942:In 1579, Bruno arrived in 909:Remigio Nannini Fiorentino 871:. When he learned that an 647:Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa 549:Liber Hermetis de alchemia 301:and could have no center. 36: 29: 6460:Nontrinitarian Christians 6340:Commentators on Aristotle 5730:. Yale University Press. 5383:Vassányi, Miklós (2010). 5144:, accessed Dec. 20, 2023. 5132:, accessed Dec. 20, 2023. 5120:, accessed Dec. 20, 2023. 3007:Koyré, Alexandre (1980). 2626:Lampas triginta statuarum 2343:Giordano Bruno Foundation 2337:Giordano Bruno Foundation 2049:Vatican Apostolic Archive 1690:of Bruno's time accepted 1515:burned alive at the stake 911:. From Venice he went to 905:On the Signs of the Times 354:burned alive at the stake 175: 121: 55: 6520:Philosophers of religion 6022:. Kessinger Publishing. 5802:Saiber, Arielle (2005). 5680:Bruno, Giordano (1998). 5583:Bruno, Giordano (1609). 5349:www.esotericarchives.com 5276:www.esotericarchives.com 5003:"Aegypt by John Crowley" 4707:"giordano bruno denkmal" 4248:Modern Faith and Thought 4079:Bruno, Giordano (1584). 3803:Hopkins, Jasper (1985). 2776:The Art of Communicating 2676:Camoeracensis Acrotismus 2606:De somni interpretatione 2511:The Ash Wednesday Supper 2424:The Incantation of Circe 2353:religious fundamentalism 2293:Novae de infinito laudes 2238:sequence (1987–2007) by 2212:coincidentia oppositorum 2194:coincidentia oppositorum 1486:the Inquisitor Cardinal 1262:, where he obtained 300 1181:The Ash Wednesday Supper 1132:The Ash Wednesday Supper 1109:Archbishop of Canterbury 79:January or February 1548 37:Not to be confused with 6525:Philosophers of science 6505:Philosophers of culture 6360:Executed Italian people 6345:Communication theorists 6133:Works by Giordano Bruno 6124:Works by Giordano Bruno 5914:. Munich: Beck Verlag. 5902:Encyclopædia Britannica 5896:"Bruno, Giordano" 5834:White, Michael (2002). 5749:(in Italian). Salerno. 5570:Encyclopædia Britannica 5552:Encyclopædia Britannica 4279:Max Bernhard Weinsten, 3548:Encyclopædia Britannica 2680:The Pleasure of Dispute 2414:On the Shadows of Ideas 1898:writer David Sessions. 1888:also described Bruno's 1254:, where he lectured on 1195:'s Secretary of State. 1000:On the Shadows of Ideas 879:, at least for a time. 781:Born Filippo Bruno in 251:Iordanus Brunus Nolanus 64:Opere di Giordano Bruno 6435:Italian occult writers 6415:Italian-language poets 5994:Kessler, John (1900). 5764:Gatti, Hilary (2002). 4555:Paterson, p. 198. 3433:Sgarbi, Marco (2022). 3179:(in Italian). Firenze. 2686:De specierum scrutinio 2188:Appearances in fiction 2062: 1923: 1915: 1848:Max Bernhard Weinstein 1831:of quantum mechanics. 1790: 1766: 1645:center of the universe 1603: 1482: 1243: 1189:Sir Francis Walsingham 1173:On the Heroic Frenzies 1068: 990: 939: 777:Early years, 1548–1576 528:The Secret of Creation 500:Prayer of Thanksgiving 250: 6510:Philosophers of logic 6365:Executed philosophers 6102:Charles Dudley Warner 6003:Knox, Dilwyn (2019). 5745:Firpo, Luigi (1993). 5073:"Heresy by SJ Parris" 5033:Sydney Morning Herald 4764:Pick the Wrong Hero?" 4593:"Nicolaus Copernicus" 4456:Paterson, p. 61. 4336:on 16 November 2019. 3982:Alessandro De Angelis 3116:The Cabala of Pegasus 3078:Renaissance Quarterly 2712:De vinculis in genere 2349:Evolutionary Humanism 2298:The Italian composer 2078:by the newly created 2065:In art and literature 2053: 1927:Late Vatican position 1921: 1909: 1786: 1761: 1601: 1476: 1307:De Vinculis in Genere 1237: 1066: 1027:, 1582; described at 982: 937: 817:San Domenico Maggiore 637:Giovanni da Correggio 594:Abu Ma'shar al-Balkhi 6455:Natural philosophers 6445:Italian semioticians 6430:Italian male writers 6405:Italian esotericists 5631:(11 November 1997). 4985:Bondanella, Peter E. 4268:bruno panentheistic. 3928:and its outer sphere 2903:science and religion 2772:Artificium perorandi 2610:Dream Interpretation 2600:The Triumphant Idiot 2566:De gli eroici furori 2507:La cena de le ceneri 2396:La Cena de le Ceneri 2310:in Porto, Portugal. 2284:Appearances in music 2179:, a nominee for the 2159:Occupation of Poland 2138:References in poetry 1864:John Scotus Eriugena 1753:La Cena de le Ceneri 1734:La Cena de le Ceneri 1620:Ptolemaic hypothesis 1366:Venetian Inquisition 1161:De gli eroici furori 1128:La cena de le ceneri 986:The Shadows of Ideas 948:University of Geneva 815:at the monastery of 677:Christian Rosenkreuz 642:Pico della Mirandola 581:Zosimos of Panopolis 572:Ancient and medieval 304:Bruno was tried for 142:Renaissance humanism 18:Giordano Bruno Award 6540:Social philosophers 6500:Philosophers of art 6400:Italian astrologers 6370:Executed scientists 5554:. 19 February 2024. 5052:. 13 September 2022 5029:The Last Confession 4951:. 21 February 2013. 4774:Kalmbach Publishing 4582:, pp. 354–356. 4354:. pp. 149–150. 4015:2015JAHH...18..241D 3952:1931SciAm.144..380R 3940:Scientific American 3622:, pp. 287–288. 3598:, pp. 257–258. 3586:, pp. 253–257. 3533:, pp. 224–225. 3509:, pp. 214–219. 3497:, pp. 207–213. 3485:, pp. 196–197. 3473:, pp. 189–194. 3461:, pp. 112–113. 3009:Estudios galileanos 2716:Of Bonds in General 2706:Consolation Oration 2702:Oratio consolatoria 2670:Valedictory Oration 2666:Oratio valedictoria 2570:The Heroic Frenzies 2497:Sigillus sigillorum 2246:The Last Confession 2208:Harriet Shaw Weaver 2181:National Book Award 2074:Following the 1870 2070:Artistic depictions 2058:Cardinal Bellarmino 2047:The website of the 1948:A martyr of science 1902:Retrospective views 1842:, and some also as 1722:Cosmological claims 1565:Physical appearance 1449:plurality of worlds 1378:plurality of worlds 1338:University of Padua 1150:, 1584) as well as 1125:cosmological tracts 1107:, who later became 1077:Michel de Castelnau 1049:Michel de Castelnau 799:, then part of the 632:Lodovico Lazzarelli 542:Kitāb al-Isṭamākhīs 435:Hermes Trismegistus 398:Hermes Trismegistus 112:Cause of death 66:, published in 1830 6535:Philosophy writers 6440:Italian scientists 5370:allaboutheaven.org 5162:10.33915/etd.10239 4647:on 4 December 2008 4506:. pp. 73–94. 4205:Parallel Universes 4143:on 13 October 2014 4040:on 26 January 2016 3720:una morsa di legno 2929:Numbers, Ronald L. 2881:Michael J. Crowe, 2738:, Frankfurt, 1591) 2263:Mary Doria Russell 2255:In the 2008 novel 2229:Gian Maria Volonté 1991:Theological heresy 1924: 1916: 1809:Margaret Cavendish 1742:Christoph Rothmann 1714:; and the Italian 1700:Christoph Rothmann 1604: 1544:Cardinal Sfondrati 1483: 1438:Transubstantiation 1413:divinity of Christ 1346:Republic of Venice 1340:. At the time the 1324:In 1591 he was in 1244: 1069: 1059:England, 1583–1585 952:Antoine de La Faye 940: 845:On The Ark of Noah 793:province of Naples 791:in the modern-day 704:As above, so below 604:Maslama al-Qurṭubī 589:(may be legendary) 563:Historical figures 330:transubstantiation 322:divinity of Christ 6420:Italian logicians 6410:Italian essayists 6380:Former Dominicans 6128:Project Gutenberg 6048:978-1-85230-640-3 6041:. Element Books. 6029:978-1-56459-141-8 5986:978-0-226-12315-8 5964:978-1-4875-5200-8 5921:978-3-406-41951-5 5873:978-0-7100-2337-7 5849:978-0-06-018626-5 5813:978-0-7546-3321-1 5794:978-1-4668-9584-3 5775:978-0-8014-8785-9 5756:978-88-8402-135-9 5737:978-0-300-06807-8 5718:978-0-8108-5755-1 5691:978-0-521-59658-9 5659:978-90-420-3555-3 5092:"Theosophy Today" 5007:Publishers Weekly 4885:"Campo Dei Fiori" 4468:, "Introduction". 4364:David Sessions, " 4302:Adolf von Harnack 4105:(13 March 2014). 4091:on 27 April 2012. 3694:978-0-19-804103-0 3395:978-0-300-04993-0 3300:, pp. 57–58. 3288:, pp. 56–57. 3252:, pp. 49–52. 3228:, pp. 46–47. 3216:, pp. 44–45. 3061:DeLeón-Jones 1997 2962:978-1-61147-543-2 2596:Idiota triumphans 2501:The Seal of Seals 2481:The Art of Memory 2471:The Candle Bearer 2447:The Art of Memory 2409:De umbris idearum 2355:and nationalism. 2315:Avenged Sevenfold 2300:Francesco Filidei 2289:Hans Werner Henze 2278:Stephanie Merritt 2225:Giuliano Montaldo 2105:on 2 March 2008. 2088:monument to Bruno 2038:According to the 1813:Poems and Fancies 1657:kingdom of heaven 1552:Cardinal Santorio 1492:Pope Clement VIII 1355:He went first to 1350:Italian Peninsula 1334:Giovanni Mocenigo 1214:Catholic Cardinal 1017:The Art of Memory 995:De umbris idearum 801:Kingdom of Naples 774: 773: 470:Corpus Hermeticum 447:Hermetic writings 326:virginity of Mary 314:eternal damnation 310:Roman Inquisition 179: 178: 146:Neopythagoreanism 87:Kingdom of Naples 16:(Redirected from 6557: 6495:People from Nola 6375:Executed writers 6267: 6266: 6255: 6254: 6253: 6243: 6242: 6231: 6230: 6229: 6219: 6218: 6207: 6206: 6205: 6195: 6194: 6193: 6183: 6182: 6171: 6170: 6169: 6162: 6152:Internet Archive 6144: 6143: 6071: 6052: 6033: 6012: 6005:"Giordano Bruno" 5999: 5990: 5973:Culianu, Ioan P. 5968: 5949: 5940: 5931:"Giordano Bruno" 5925: 5906: 5898: 5877: 5853: 5841: 5830: 5828: 5817: 5798: 5779: 5760: 5741: 5722: 5706: 5695: 5676: 5674: 5663: 5644: 5633:"Giordano Bruno" 5624: 5605: 5595: 5589: 5588: 5580: 5574: 5573: 5562: 5556: 5555: 5548:"Giordano Bruno" 5544: 5538: 5537: 5517: 5511: 5501: 5492: 5491: 5484: 5478: 5477: 5457: 5451: 5450: 5439: 5433: 5423: 5417: 5407: 5401: 5400: 5380: 5374: 5373: 5362: 5353: 5352: 5341: 5335: 5334: 5333:. 30 March 2005. 5327: 5321: 5320: 5313: 5307: 5306: 5286: 5280: 5279: 5268: 5262: 5261: 5259: 5257: 5245:Shuch, H. Paul. 5242: 5236: 5235: 5223: 5217: 5216: 5214: 5212: 5197: 5191: 5190: 5188: 5186: 5171: 5165: 5151: 5145: 5139: 5133: 5127: 5121: 5115: 5109: 5108: 5106: 5104: 5087: 5081: 5080: 5068: 5062: 5061: 5059: 5057: 5042: 5036: 5025: 5019: 5018: 5016: 5014: 4999: 4993: 4992: 4981: 4975: 4972: 4966: 4963:Selected Letters 4959: 4953: 4952: 4941: 4935: 4934: 4902: 4896: 4895: 4893: 4891: 4877: 4871: 4870: 4868: 4866: 4861:on 23 April 2015 4857:. Archived from 4847: 4841: 4840: 4838: 4836: 4819: 4813: 4812: 4810: 4808: 4796: 4790: 4789: 4787: 4785: 4780:on 16 March 2014 4776:. Archived from 4755: 4746: 4745: 4717: 4711: 4710: 4702: 4696: 4695: 4667: 4661: 4660: 4654: 4652: 4643:. Archived from 4632: 4626: 4625: 4623: 4621: 4606: 4600: 4589: 4583: 4577: 4571: 4565: 4556: 4553: 4547: 4541: 4535: 4532: 4526: 4525: 4499: 4493: 4487: 4481: 4475: 4469: 4463: 4457: 4454: 4448: 4441: 4435: 4427: 4421: 4420: 4412: 4406: 4405: 4403: 4401: 4392:. 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6002: 5993: 5987: 5971: 5965: 5952: 5943: 5928: 5922: 5909: 5891:Adamson, Robert 5889: 5885: 5883:Further reading 5880: 5874: 5856: 5850: 5833: 5820: 5814: 5801: 5795: 5782: 5776: 5763: 5757: 5744: 5738: 5725: 5719: 5709:Scarecrow Press 5698: 5692: 5679: 5666: 5660: 5647: 5643:on 16 May 2019. 5627: 5618: 5614: 5609: 5608: 5596: 5592: 5582: 5581: 5577: 5564: 5563: 5559: 5546: 5545: 5541: 5534: 5519: 5518: 5514: 5502: 5495: 5486: 5485: 5481: 5474: 5459: 5458: 5454: 5449:. 24 June 2015. 5441: 5440: 5436: 5424: 5420: 5408: 5404: 5397: 5382: 5381: 5377: 5364: 5363: 5356: 5343: 5342: 5338: 5329: 5328: 5324: 5315: 5314: 5310: 5288: 5287: 5283: 5270: 5269: 5265: 5255: 5253: 5244: 5243: 5239: 5225: 5224: 5220: 5210: 5208: 5206:Dublin InQuirer 5200:Maxwell, Luke. 5199: 5198: 5194: 5184: 5182: 5173: 5172: 5168: 5152: 5148: 5140: 5136: 5128: 5124: 5116: 5112: 5102: 5100: 5089: 5088: 5084: 5070: 5069: 5065: 5055: 5053: 5044: 5043: 5039: 5026: 5022: 5012: 5010: 5001: 5000: 4996: 4983: 4982: 4978: 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3896: 3892: 3878: 3877: 3873: 3835: 3834: 3830: 3815: 3802: 3801: 3797: 3792: 3788: 3779: 3775: 3763: 3759: 3731: 3730: 3726: 3713: 3709: 3699: 3697: 3695: 3680: 3679: 3675: 3667: 3663: 3655: 3651: 3642: 3638: 3630: 3626: 3618: 3614: 3606: 3602: 3594: 3590: 3582: 3578: 3570: 3566: 3552: 3550: 3542: 3541: 3537: 3529: 3525: 3517: 3513: 3505: 3501: 3493: 3489: 3481: 3477: 3469: 3465: 3457: 3453: 3445: 3432: 3431: 3427: 3407: 3403: 3396: 3380: 3379: 3375: 3354:Hannam, James. 3353: 3349: 3309: 3308: 3304: 3296: 3292: 3284: 3280: 3272: 3268: 3260: 3256: 3248: 3244: 3236: 3232: 3224: 3220: 3212: 3208: 3200: 3196: 3188: 3184: 3174: 3173: 3166: 3158: 3154: 3142: 3138: 3130: 3126: 3112: 3108: 3100: 3096: 3088: 3084: 3075: 3071: 3054: 3050: 3042: 3038: 3030: 3026: 3019: 3006: 3005: 3001: 2994: 2979: 2978: 2974: 2963: 2946: 2945: 2941: 2926: 2925: 2921: 2913: 2909: 2893: 2889: 2880: 2876: 2868: 2864: 2848: 2844: 2836: 2832: 2827: 2822: 2805: 2785: 2552:, London, 1584) 2530: 2467:The Torchbearer 2437: 2420:Cantus circaeus 2404: 2377: 2361: 2345: 2339: 2334: 2286: 2258:Children of God 2190: 2166:Randall Jarrell 2140: 2099:Potsdamer Platz 2076:Capture of Rome 2072: 2067: 1993: 1956: 1954:Conflict thesis 1950: 1929: 1912:Campo de' Fiori 1904: 1895:The Daily Beast 1886:Corey S. Powell 1730: 1724: 1716:Galileo Galilei 1704:Johannes Kepler 1612:Aristotelianism 1596: 1590: 1585: 1567: 1511:Campo de' Fiori 1479:Campo de' Fiori 1386: 1361:Galileo Galilei 1303:Theses on Magic 1299:Theses De Magia 1225: 1193:Queen Elizabeth 1177:John Charlewood 1163: 1101:Lincoln College 1061: 1041:The Candlemaker 1021:Cantus circaeus 1007: 954: 917:religious habit 899:and finally to 885: 877:religious habit 841:Cardinal Rebiba 813:Dominican Order 779: 770: 741: 740: 699: 698: 689: 688: 679: 627:Marsilio Ficino 617: 616: 615: 588: 571: 570: 569: 565: 564: 555: 554: 450: 449: 438: 406: 394:Book of Genesis 358:Campo de' Fiori 285:. He practiced 237: 212: 189: 185: 166: 154: 144: 107: 98: 89: 80: 78: 77: 67: 51: 42: 35: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 6563: 6561: 6553: 6552: 6547: 6542: 6537: 6532: 6527: 6522: 6517: 6512: 6507: 6502: 6497: 6492: 6487: 6482: 6477: 6472: 6467: 6462: 6457: 6452: 6447: 6442: 6437: 6432: 6427: 6422: 6417: 6412: 6407: 6402: 6397: 6392: 6387: 6385:Galileo affair 6382: 6377: 6372: 6367: 6362: 6357: 6352: 6347: 6342: 6337: 6332: 6327: 6322: 6317: 6312: 6307: 6302: 6297: 6292: 6287: 6285:Giordano Bruno 6277: 6276: 6272: 6271: 6259: 6247: 6235: 6223: 6211: 6199: 6187: 6175: 6155: 6154: 6145: 6130: 6121: 6115: 6110: 6105: 6095:Giordano Bruno 6091: 6086: 6078: 6077:External links 6075: 6073: 6072: 6066: 6053: 6047: 6034: 6028: 6019:Giordano Bruno 6013: 6000: 5991: 5985: 5969: 5963: 5950: 5941: 5926: 5920: 5912:Giordano Bruno 5907: 5886: 5884: 5881: 5879: 5878: 5872: 5858:Yates, Frances 5854: 5848: 5831: 5818: 5812: 5799: 5793: 5780: 5774: 5761: 5755: 5742: 5736: 5723: 5717: 5696: 5690: 5677: 5664: 5658: 5645: 5629:Birx, H. James 5625: 5615: 5613: 5610: 5607: 5606: 5590: 5575: 5557: 5539: 5533:978-0226123165 5532: 5512: 5493: 5479: 5473:978-0226730240 5472: 5463:Giordano Bruno 5452: 5434: 5418: 5402: 5396:978-9048187966 5395: 5375: 5354: 5336: 5322: 5308: 5297:(2): 513–525. 5281: 5263: 5251:setileague.org 5237: 5232:Deutsche Welle 5218: 5192: 5166: 5164:, pp. 105-106. 5146: 5134: 5122: 5110: 5082: 5063: 5050:Powell's Books 5037: 5020: 5009:. 1 March 1987 4994: 4976: 4967: 4954: 4949:Voltage Poetry 4936: 4911:The Explicator 4897: 4872: 4842: 4814: 4791: 4747: 4728:(3): 673–678. 4712: 4697: 4678:(5869): 1467. 4662: 4627: 4616:on 9 June 2010 4601: 4591:Sheila Rabin, 4584: 4572: 4557: 4548: 4536: 4527: 4521:978-0511572999 4520: 4494: 4492:, p. 225. 4482: 4470: 4458: 4449: 4436: 4422: 4407: 4396:on 8 June 2013 4376: 4357: 4342: 4314: 4285: 4272: 4262: 4236: 4229: 4209: 4193: 4175:978-1317677666 4174: 4154: 4128: 4094: 4068: 4059: 4050: 3999:(3): 241–248, 3973: 3946:(6): 380–381. 3930: 3917: 3911:978-0268010249 3910: 3890: 3871: 3850:10.2307/464833 3828: 3814:978-0938060307 3813: 3795: 3786: 3773: 3757: 3724: 3707: 3693: 3673: 3661: 3649: 3636: 3634:, p. 292. 3624: 3612: 3610:, p. 259. 3600: 3588: 3576: 3574:, p. 249. 3564: 3535: 3523: 3511: 3499: 3487: 3475: 3463: 3451: 3443: 3425: 3421:978-0470613528 3401: 3394: 3373: 3370:978-1848310704 3347: 3326:10.1086/391002 3302: 3290: 3278: 3266: 3254: 3242: 3230: 3218: 3206: 3194: 3182: 3164: 3152: 3136: 3124: 3106: 3094: 3082: 3069: 3048: 3036: 3024: 3018:978-9682310355 3017: 2999: 2993:978-1780238968 2992: 2972: 2961: 2939: 2919: 2907: 2887: 2874: 2872:, p. 450. 2862: 2842: 2829: 2828: 2826: 2823: 2821: 2818: 2817: 2816: 2811: 2804: 2801: 2800: 2799: 2784: 2781: 2780: 2779: 2769: 2759: 2749: 2739: 2729: 2719: 2709: 2699: 2689: 2683: 2673: 2663: 2653: 2643: 2633: 2623: 2613: 2603: 2593: 2583: 2573: 2563: 2553: 2543: 2524: 2514: 2504: 2494: 2484: 2474: 2460: 2450: 2449:, Paris, 1582) 2431: 2430:, Paris, 1582) 2417: 2416:, Paris, 1582) 2403: 2400: 2381:Giordano Bruno 2376: 2373: 2360: 2357: 2341:Main article: 2338: 2335: 2333: 2330: 2308:Casa da Música 2304:Giordano Bruno 2285: 2282: 2274:Giordano Bruno 2267:Giordano Bruno 2220:Giordano Bruno 2203:Finnegans Wake 2200:'s 1939 novel 2189: 2186: 2185: 2184: 2173:Heather McHugh 2169: 2162: 2155:Czesław Miłosz 2151: 2139: 2136: 2084:temporal power 2071: 2068: 2066: 2063: 2020:, interest in 1992: 1989: 1960:Galileo affair 1949: 1946: 1928: 1925: 1903: 1900: 1757:Galileo's ship 1726:Main article: 1723: 1720: 1677:constellations 1661:adjacent to it 1653:transcendental 1589: 1586: 1584: 1581: 1566: 1563: 1471: 1470: 1467: 1464:transmigration 1460:metempsychosis 1456: 1453:their eternity 1445: 1434: 1427: 1420: 1405: 1402:Catholic faith 1385: 1382: 1276:excommunicated 1224: 1221: 1097:John Underhill 1060: 1057: 884: 881: 847:at this time. 835:system before 778: 775: 772: 771: 769: 768: 761: 754: 746: 743: 742: 739: 738: 733: 726: 724:Rosicrucianism 721: 716: 711: 706: 700: 696: 695: 694: 691: 690: 687: 686: 682:Rosicrucianism 674: 669: 664: 662:Giordano Bruno 659: 654: 649: 644: 639: 634: 629: 623: 622: 612: 611: 606: 601: 596: 591: 583: 577: 576: 566: 562: 561: 560: 557: 556: 553: 552: 545: 538: 535:Emerald Tablet 531: 524: 517: 510: 503: 496: 489: 482: 481: 480: 466: 459: 451: 445: 444: 443: 440: 439: 432: 424: 423: 417: 416: 405: 402: 361:religious and 340:regarding the 338:metempsychosis 277:theorist, and 182:Giordano Bruno 177: 176: 173: 172: 167: 164: 161: 160: 155: 153:Main interests 152: 149: 148: 139: 133: 132: 127: 123: 122: 119: 118: 113: 109: 108: 99: 95: 91: 90: 81: 75: 73: 69: 68: 62:Portrait from 61: 53: 52: 50:Giordano Bruno 49: 39:Bruno Giordano 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6562: 6551: 6548: 6546: 6543: 6541: 6538: 6536: 6533: 6531: 6528: 6526: 6523: 6521: 6518: 6516: 6513: 6511: 6508: 6506: 6503: 6501: 6498: 6496: 6493: 6491: 6488: 6486: 6483: 6481: 6478: 6476: 6473: 6471: 6468: 6466: 6463: 6461: 6458: 6456: 6453: 6451: 6448: 6446: 6443: 6441: 6438: 6436: 6433: 6431: 6428: 6426: 6423: 6421: 6418: 6416: 6413: 6411: 6408: 6406: 6403: 6401: 6398: 6396: 6393: 6391: 6388: 6386: 6383: 6381: 6378: 6376: 6373: 6371: 6368: 6366: 6363: 6361: 6358: 6356: 6353: 6351: 6348: 6346: 6343: 6341: 6338: 6336: 6333: 6331: 6328: 6326: 6323: 6321: 6318: 6316: 6313: 6311: 6308: 6306: 6303: 6301: 6298: 6296: 6293: 6291: 6288: 6286: 6283: 6282: 6280: 6270: 6265: 6260: 6258: 6248: 6246: 6241: 6236: 6234: 6224: 6222: 6217: 6212: 6210: 6200: 6198: 6188: 6186: 6181: 6176: 6174: 6164: 6160: 6153: 6149: 6146: 6138: 6134: 6131: 6129: 6125: 6122: 6119: 6116: 6114: 6111: 6109: 6106: 6103: 6100: 6097: 6096: 6092: 6090: 6087: 6084: 6083:Bruno's works 6081: 6080: 6076: 6069: 6067:0-8014-0509-2 6063: 6059: 6054: 6050: 6044: 6040: 6035: 6031: 6025: 6021: 6020: 6014: 6010: 6006: 6001: 5997: 5992: 5988: 5982: 5978: 5974: 5970: 5966: 5960: 5956: 5951: 5947: 5942: 5938: 5937: 5932: 5927: 5923: 5917: 5913: 5908: 5904: 5903: 5897: 5892: 5888: 5887: 5882: 5875: 5869: 5865: 5864: 5859: 5855: 5851: 5845: 5840: 5839: 5832: 5827: 5826: 5819: 5815: 5809: 5805: 5800: 5796: 5790: 5786: 5781: 5777: 5771: 5767: 5762: 5758: 5752: 5748: 5743: 5739: 5733: 5729: 5724: 5720: 5714: 5710: 5705: 5704: 5697: 5693: 5687: 5683: 5678: 5673: 5672: 5665: 5661: 5655: 5651: 5646: 5642: 5638: 5637:The Harbinger 5634: 5630: 5626: 5622: 5617: 5616: 5611: 5603: 5599: 5594: 5591: 5586: 5579: 5576: 5571: 5567: 5561: 5558: 5553: 5549: 5543: 5540: 5535: 5529: 5525: 5524: 5516: 5513: 5509: 5505: 5500: 5498: 5494: 5489: 5483: 5480: 5475: 5469: 5465: 5464: 5456: 5453: 5448: 5444: 5438: 5435: 5431: 5427: 5422: 5419: 5415: 5411: 5406: 5403: 5398: 5392: 5388: 5387: 5379: 5376: 5371: 5367: 5361: 5359: 5355: 5350: 5346: 5340: 5337: 5332: 5326: 5323: 5318: 5312: 5309: 5304: 5300: 5296: 5292: 5285: 5282: 5277: 5273: 5267: 5264: 5252: 5248: 5241: 5238: 5233: 5229: 5222: 5219: 5207: 5203: 5196: 5193: 5181: 5177: 5170: 5167: 5163: 5159: 5155: 5150: 5147: 5143: 5138: 5135: 5131: 5126: 5123: 5119: 5114: 5111: 5098: 5093: 5086: 5083: 5078: 5074: 5067: 5064: 5051: 5047: 5041: 5038: 5034: 5030: 5024: 5021: 5008: 5004: 4998: 4995: 4990: 4986: 4980: 4977: 4971: 4968: 4964: 4958: 4955: 4950: 4946: 4940: 4937: 4932: 4928: 4924: 4920: 4916: 4912: 4908: 4901: 4898: 4886: 4882: 4876: 4873: 4860: 4856: 4852: 4846: 4843: 4831: 4830: 4825: 4818: 4815: 4802: 4795: 4792: 4779: 4775: 4771: 4770: 4765: 4763: 4754: 4752: 4748: 4743: 4739: 4735: 4731: 4727: 4723: 4716: 4713: 4708: 4701: 4698: 4693: 4689: 4685: 4681: 4677: 4673: 4666: 4663: 4659: 4646: 4642: 4638: 4631: 4628: 4615: 4611: 4605: 4602: 4598: 4594: 4588: 4585: 4581: 4576: 4573: 4569: 4564: 4562: 4558: 4552: 4549: 4545: 4540: 4537: 4531: 4528: 4523: 4517: 4513: 4509: 4505: 4498: 4495: 4491: 4486: 4483: 4480:, p. 63. 4479: 4474: 4471: 4467: 4462: 4459: 4453: 4450: 4446: 4440: 4437: 4433: 4432: 4426: 4423: 4418: 4411: 4408: 4395: 4391: 4387: 4380: 4377: 4373: 4372: 4367: 4361: 4358: 4353: 4346: 4343: 4339: 4335: 4331: 4330: 4325: 4318: 4315: 4311: 4307: 4303: 4299: 4295: 4289: 4286: 4282: 4276: 4273: 4269: 4265: 4263:9780802826725 4259: 4255: 4250: 4249: 4240: 4237: 4232: 4230:9780199989898 4226: 4222: 4221: 4213: 4210: 4206: 4202: 4197: 4194: 4190: 4177: 4171: 4167: 4166: 4158: 4155: 4142: 4138: 4132: 4129: 4116: 4112: 4108: 4104: 4103:Soter, Steven 4098: 4095: 4090: 4086: 4082: 4075: 4073: 4069: 4063: 4060: 4054: 4051: 4036: 4032: 4028: 4024: 4020: 4016: 4012: 4007: 4002: 3998: 3994: 3987: 3983: 3977: 3974: 3969: 3965: 3961: 3957: 3953: 3949: 3945: 3941: 3934: 3931: 3927: 3921: 3918: 3913: 3907: 3903: 3902: 3894: 3891: 3886: 3882: 3875: 3872: 3867: 3863: 3859: 3855: 3851: 3847: 3843: 3839: 3832: 3829: 3824: 3820: 3816: 3810: 3806: 3799: 3796: 3790: 3787: 3783: 3777: 3774: 3770: 3766: 3761: 3758: 3752: 3747: 3743: 3739: 3735: 3728: 3725: 3721: 3717: 3716:Studi e Testi 3711: 3708: 3696: 3690: 3686: 3685: 3677: 3674: 3670: 3665: 3662: 3658: 3653: 3650: 3646: 3645:Studi e Testi 3640: 3637: 3633: 3632:Boulting 1914 3628: 3625: 3621: 3620:Boulting 1914 3616: 3613: 3609: 3608:Boulting 1914 3604: 3601: 3597: 3596:Boulting 1914 3592: 3589: 3585: 3584:Boulting 1914 3580: 3577: 3573: 3572:Boulting 1914 3568: 3565: 3561: 3549: 3545: 3539: 3536: 3532: 3531:Boulting 1914 3527: 3524: 3520: 3515: 3512: 3508: 3507:Boulting 1914 3503: 3500: 3496: 3495:Boulting 1914 3491: 3488: 3484: 3483:Boulting 1914 3479: 3476: 3472: 3471:Boulting 1914 3467: 3464: 3460: 3459:Boulting 1914 3455: 3452: 3446: 3440: 3436: 3429: 3426: 3422: 3418: 3414: 3410: 3405: 3402: 3397: 3391: 3387: 3383: 3377: 3374: 3371: 3367: 3363: 3359: 3358: 3351: 3348: 3343: 3339: 3335: 3331: 3327: 3323: 3319: 3315: 3314: 3306: 3303: 3299: 3298:Boulting 1914 3294: 3291: 3287: 3286:Boulting 1914 3282: 3279: 3276:, p. 53. 3275: 3274:Boulting 1914 3270: 3267: 3264:, p. 51. 3263: 3262:Boulting 1914 3258: 3255: 3251: 3250:Boulting 1914 3246: 3243: 3239: 3238:Boulting 1914 3234: 3231: 3227: 3226:Boulting 1914 3222: 3219: 3215: 3214:Boulting 1914 3210: 3207: 3204:, p. 42. 3203: 3202:Boulting 1914 3198: 3195: 3192:, p. 12. 3191: 3186: 3183: 3178: 3171: 3169: 3165: 3161: 3156: 3153: 3149: 3148: 3140: 3137: 3134:, p. 11. 3133: 3128: 3125: 3121: 3117: 3110: 3107: 3103: 3098: 3095: 3091: 3086: 3083: 3079: 3073: 3070: 3066: 3062: 3058: 3052: 3049: 3045: 3040: 3037: 3033: 3028: 3025: 3020: 3014: 3010: 3003: 3000: 2995: 2989: 2985: 2984: 2976: 2973: 2969: 2964: 2958: 2954: 2950: 2943: 2940: 2934: 2930: 2923: 2920: 2916: 2911: 2908: 2904: 2900: 2896: 2891: 2888: 2884: 2878: 2875: 2871: 2866: 2863: 2859: 2855: 2854:Collinge 2012 2851: 2846: 2843: 2839: 2834: 2831: 2824: 2819: 2815: 2812: 2810: 2809:Fermi paradox 2807: 2806: 2802: 2797: 2796: 2790: 2787: 2786: 2782: 2777: 2773: 2770: 2767: 2763: 2760: 2757: 2753: 2750: 2747: 2743: 2740: 2737: 2733: 2730: 2727: 2723: 2720: 2717: 2713: 2710: 2707: 2703: 2700: 2697: 2693: 2690: 2687: 2684: 2681: 2677: 2674: 2671: 2667: 2664: 2661: 2657: 2654: 2651: 2647: 2644: 2641: 2637: 2634: 2631: 2627: 2624: 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Ashgate. 5612:Works cited 5256:25 February 5185:23 December 4390:Science Now 4310:Translation 4304:, editors, 4223:. OUP USA. 4201:Max Tegmark 3669:Singer 1968 3647:, vol. 101. 3382:Bossy, John 3320:(1): 1–13. 3190:Singer 1968 3160:Singer 1968 3102:Singer 1968 3090:Saiber 2005 2783:Collections 2531: [ 2438: [ 2365:SETI League 2322:Roger Doyle 2250:Morris West 2227:, starring 2198:James Joyce 2101:station in 1872:Mendelssohn 1844:panentheism 1819:cosmology. 1795:fixed stars 1746:Tycho Brahe 1688:astronomers 1669:first cause 1665:prime mover 1559:free speech 1540:Pope Paul V 1462:and in the 1417:Incarnation 1394:Luigi Firpo 1342:Inquisition 1164: [ 1081:John Florio 1053:Pope Pius V 1008: [ 955: [ 837:Pope Pius V 667:Jakob Böhme 507:Korē kosmou 421:Hermeticism 350:Inquisition 287:Hermeticism 279:esotericist 259:philosopher 130:Renaissance 6470:Pantheists 6279:Categories 6257:Philosophy 5600:, p. 5506:, p. 5428:, p. 5412:, p. 5103:12 January 4890:7 February 4641:The Nation 4580:Yates 1964 4568:White 2002 4544:Bruno 1998 4490:Yates 1964 4478:Bruno 1998 4466:Bruno 1998 4292:Review of 4044:19 January 4006:1504.01604 3887:: 705–730. 3838:Diacritics 3767:, p. 3738:IEEE Pulse 3657:Firpo 1993 3519:Bruno 1998 3362:Icon Books 3065:Gatti 2002 3057:Yates 1964 3032:Gatti 2002 2915:White 2002 2895:Adam Frank 2870:Yates 1964 2856:, p. 2838:Gatti 2002 2820:References 2248:(2000) by 2231:as Bruno. 1952:See also: 1784:universe. 1641:geocentric 1592:See also: 1488:Bellarmine 1415:, and the 1332:patrician 1252:Wittenberg 1185:John Bossy 1113:Copernicus 891:, then to 873:indictment 652:Paracelsus 477:Poimandres 386:Empedocles 356:in Rome's 332:. 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