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around me – several killed instantly, others fatally wounded. I felt a blow on my left leg like someone had hit me with a baseball bat. I hit the ground and crawled off the road into a low spot. I realized I had dropped the spare barrel for my machine gun and crawled back out on the road and retrieved it. The company commander (Captain Brey – later killed instantly) came up and told us to go with him and he would deploy us in the woods. We went in and established our line and came under machine gun fire and mortar fire and more of our company were killed. The captain told us to dig in and I started to dig a foxhole in the frozen ground but by this time my leg really hurt and I couldn’t stand on it and my boot was full of blood. I crawled over to
Captain Brey and told him I had been hit in the leg and he told me to go back to the battalion aid station, which was several hundred yards back near the area where I was wounded in the first place. I had to crawl on my stomach the whole way as the area was under heavy fire but I made it. The medic at the battalion cut off my boot and bandaged my leg and gave me some sulfa pills. Then they put me in a jeep with some other wounded guys – a couple of stretchers and the jeep tore off at high speed for the regimental aid station under artillery fire most of the way. We finally made it to the aid station set up in a house and there were a couple of surgeons there working on the most severely wounded. There were quite a few bodies there and numerous guys with severe head or chest wounds and obviously dying. I was put in an ambulance with several others and taken to a railhead where hospital trains were taking the wounded back into France. I don’t remember too much about that except a nurse came around every few hours and gave me a shot of penicillin (pretty new stuff then) and we finally arrived at Paris where we were taken to a large hospital. A chaplain came around one day with a copy of general orders awarding a bunch of us the Purple Heart. I still have my copy. After a week some of us were flown over to England in DC-3s. I remember all the air force crew had parachutes but none of us wounded had one. I asked one of the crew what we did if the Luftwaffe shot us down. He said “tough shit buddy.” Fortunately, we made it and when I arrived at the hospital in England I was pretty sure that I had probably survived the war. When I look back and realize how close I came to death at the age of 19 it doesn’t seem possible that I
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assistance. In 2005 the
University completed the renovation of historic Herring Hall, and the University of Arizona Fungal Herbarium, renamed the Robert L. Gilbertson Mycological Herbarium was inaugurated on Friday, March 11, 2005. The names of the fungi were current ones, unusual for wood decay fungi, a group in which genus level reassignments remain common. The National Science Foundation recently supplied funding for digitization that currently is underway and should soon be available by searching the herbarium on the Internet. The value of Gil's collection has been increased by the precise substrate information and geographical coverage he included for his collections.
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524:, and he was elected Councilor, Vice President, then President-Elect and President at a time when the Vice-President did not automatically rise to the presidency. He continued to contribute to the society, and after his term as president he served as Chairman of the Awards Committee, Local Arrangements Chairman, member of the Foray Committee, and Chairman of the Honorary Members Committee. The society honored Gil with its highest award, the Distinguished Mycologist Award, in 1994. Gil's MSA presidential address on wood-decaying basidiomycetes (Gilbertson 1980) remains a classic.
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When someone asked why he bothered to plan a foray for the August 1980 MSA meeting with AIBS in Tucson, he was quick to point out that August rainfall in
Arizona was almost three times greater than that of Washington state (Gilbertson 1980). The collection also houses the vouchers of the many new and rare fungi, large numbers fully documented from Gil's large number of publications. The collection is a resource for economically, biographically, and taxonomically important groups of fungi.
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Gil had many close friends who studied fungi, and after graduation he traveled throughout the country with his major professor Josiah Lowe. The friends included
Wilhelm G. Solheim, who taught forest pathology at the University of Arizona (1965-1967) after his retirement from the University of Wyoming
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to me since I was there at that time and lived through a lot of the history myself.” He remarked that his bad feet, perhaps never recovered from the war, suffered from the long walks of sightseeing. On his 72nd birthday (15 January 1997), Gil reflected, “I’m glad to be here when I look back to when I
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Frank
Hawksworth of the Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station in Fort Collins, a close friend from Western International Forest Disease Work Conferences, studied mistletoes. Gil, Frank, and Gordon Wallis updated the list of western forest diseases, and Gil included brown
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Gil was close to his own students, and these included MS students, many of whom went on to get PhDs with another advisor, Daniel O. Ebo, K. Sieglinde
Neuhauser, Douglas C. Rhodes, Karen K. Nakasone, Donna Goldstein, Anjuwaree Ronaritivichai, Mary Lou Fairweather, James J. Flott, Kevin M. McCann, and
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After retirement from his academic position Gil continued to collect, especially in Hawaii and Mexico. He had a fruitful association with Don Hemmes and other colleagues including Jack Rogers and Karen
Nakasone, and many of his last scientific papers cover those fungi. Gil also traveled to places he
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Gil was a founding member of the
Western International Forest Disease Work Conferences (WIFDWC), an annual gathering of western North American forest pathologists. He served as program chair twice, local arrangements chair, secretary (1969), and chair (1980), and as its "mycologist in residence" for
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Gil's herbarium is an important legacy. It contains almost 40,000 wood-decaying and other fungal specimens, especially from
Arizona and the western United States, Mexico, Hawaii, Alaska, and the Gulf Coast region. He built the collection from almost nothing and accessioned the specimens with minimal
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not only for its literary merits, but also because it was set in the
Missoula of his youth. Norman Maclean mentioned many people and places Gil had known. Also, the narrator had a younger brother who died young, and this reminded Gil of his younger brother, George, who died as a young man of a brain
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Beginning in the 1980s, Gil became interested in the wood-inhabiting fungi of the Gulf Coast and realized a close cooperative effort in studying and describing these fungi with Meredith Blackwell as a collaborator. After retirement, Gil collected extensively in Hawaii, the specimens being the basis
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was directed at determining the relation of temperature and length of exposure to delignification and rate of decay. Research on the systematics and floristics of wood-rotting fungi has been directed at the urgency to elucidate biological diversity in world ecosystems. Recent research in this field
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in the Ardennes. Freezing cold -- snow covering everything -- in the pre-dawn darkness a flare fired from the German lines suddenly lit up the area and revealed my company moving down a road – mortar shells and 88 shells began to fall in our midst almost immediately. My friends started dropping all
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Dr. Gilbertson's research concerned several aspects of the biology of wood-rotting basidiomycetes. These aspects included systematics, floristics, cultural morphology, genetics of sexuality including homogenic and heterogenic incompatibility, biochemical and ultrastructural changes in wood during
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The Herbarium is unique because its specialized collections document the occurrence of a complex, speciose desert mycota in a region once said by proposal reviewers to have no fungi. Gil put great stock in the USDA Yearbook of Agriculture (1941) that contained state unit values for precipitation.
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John G. Palmer, Frances F. Lombard, Harold H. Burdsall, Jr., Michael J. Larsen, and Orson K. Miller, Jr. are several other colleagues acknowledged in his presidential address who were an integral part of Gil's mycological and personal life, and who and shared his interest in wood-rotting fungi.
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Gil graduated from Missoula Central High School in 1942 soon after the US entered WWII. He had to wait until his January birthday when he became 18 when he could enlist in the Army. He was sent to Europe, where he served as a combat infantryman in the U. S. Army from 1943-1946. Gil received the
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Gil interacted with a broad and diverse group of mycologists and botanists; he on many occasions identified wood rotters over the telephone with the synoptic key he had in his head. Gil leaves a great legacy of papers, a herbarium specialized in wood-decaying fungi and a group of students and
491:. His work included the use of cladistics, synoptic keys, and the study of wood decay, wood decay inhibitors, and detoxification processes. Gil described many new fungal species from under-studied substrates, including fungi that are associated with Sonoran Desert plants and cacti.
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had visited in his youth in the western US. For example, he wrote (2 July 1997), “I’m back. Officially retired but back. I’m now Professor Emeritus and Curator of the Mycological Herbarium... It was fun to revisit the places where Joe , Ross , Alex , and I collected in 1956 . "
574:, retired to Tucson, where he spent many productive years working in space Gil shared with him. Gil and George worked to provide “Indexes to W.G. Solheim's Mycoflora Saximontanensis Exsiccata.” Gil's last published work was a memorial to George(Gilbertson and Blackwell 2009).
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Donna M. Bigelow. PhD students were Emroy L. Shannon, J. Page Lindsey, Rogerio T. de Almeida, Robert L. Mathiasen, Karin H. Yohem, Julietta Carranza, and Phyllis T. Himmel. Kenneth J. Martin and James Adaskaveg, completed both MS and PhD degrees with Gil.
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tumor. Gil hated that surgery had changed his brother completely but had not cured him. Growing up in Missoula, Gil also had known several men, one the father of a friend, who died in the 1949 Mann Gulch fire described in another Maclean book,
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Gil was born on January 15, 1925, in Hamilton, Montana, to George and Eula Norris Gilbertson. He had one sibling, George N. Gilbertson. They grew up in Missoula. Gil shared his youthful adventures with a best friend whose aunt ran a bordello.
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for the next two years (1950-1951). As an undergraduate Gil assisted Reuben Diettert with his mycological research, so he had some exposure to fungi before he arrived at Washington. There he began a master's degree program with
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for a number of papers on the Hawaiian mycota, authored with Don Hemmes, Jim Adaskaveg, Karen Nakasone, Erast Parmasto, Jack Rogers and Dennis Desjardin, significantly adding to the biogeographical knowledge of the islands.
380:. He and Pat spent the next five years (1954–59) in Moscow, and their son and daughter, Park and Joan, were born in Moscow, Idaho, 27 August 1956 and 23 July 1959, respectively. From Idaho Gil returned to Syracuse as
396:, University of Arizona (1967–95) for a project “Research on wood-rotting fungi and other fungi associated with southwestern plants” and was collaborator and consultant with Center for Forest Mycology Research,
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Adaskaveg, J.E., R.L. Gilbertson, and M.E. Dunlap. 1995. Effects of incubation time and temperature on in vitro delignification of silver leaf oak by Ganoderma colossum. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61:38-144.
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Gilbertson, R.L. 1995. Taxonomy and nomenclature of Polyporoid Hymenochaetaceae with special reference to Phellinus weirii and related species. Proc. 43rd Ann. West Int. Forest Dis. Work Conf. p. 6-14.
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Bursdall, Nakasone & Blackwell. Robert Lee Gilbertson 1925-2011. Mycologia, 104(6), 2012, pp. 1521–1524. DOI: 10.3852/12-118 # 2012 by The Mycological Society of America, Lawrence, KS 66044-8897.
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has shown that several are capable of selective delignification, degrading lignin at a faster rate than they do the polysaccharide components of the wood cell wall. The most promising of these is
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decay, and the use of these fungi for commercial degradation of wood and the biological breakdown of toxic phenolic environmental pollutants. Dr. Gilbertson's research on species of the genus
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Gil's contributions to mycology extended to many fungal groups, most notably Sonoran Desert rusts, myxomycetes, downy mildews, and ascomycetes, and even the fungus-like plant pathogens,
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Basidiomycetes That Decay Aspen in North America by J. Page Lindsey; Robert L. Gilbertson. Review by: Harold H. Burdsall, Jr. Mycologia, Vol. 71, No. 1 (Jan. - Feb., 1979), pp. 229-231
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Alleman, B.C., B.E. Logan and R.L. Gilbertson. 1995. Degradation of pentachlorophenol by fixed films of white rot fungi in rotating tube bioreactors. Water Research 29:61-67.
272:“On the way to Trafalgar Square we stopped at the site of the War Room in the Cabinet Building along St. James Park and toured the restored War Museum –very fascinating
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540:, and served as chair of the Forest Pathology working group. He also belonged to the Arizona Academy of Science, the Association of Southwestern Naturalists, the
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Bigelow, D.M., M.E. Matheron, and R. L. Gilbertson. 1996. Biology and control of Coniophora eremophila on lemon trees in Arizona. Plant Disease 80:934-939.
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On Friday October 25, 1985, he again remembered the war when he wrote about a trip to Europe when he worked at Kew and went sightseeing in London.
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Lindsey, J.P. and Gilbertson, R.L. Basidiomycetes That Decay Aspen in North America Mycologia, Vol. 71, No. 1 (Jan. - Feb., 1979), pp. 229–231
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He also had fond memories of his Uncle Nick, a railroad man for whom one of his grandsons was named. Gil, always a reader, enjoyed the memoir
184:. 2011. He held concurrent positions as Plant Pathologist, Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Arizona (1967–95) for a project
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503:, a thermophilic soil inhabiting fungus of subtropical forest ecosystems. Dr. Gilbertson's research with this and other species of
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Gilbertson R.L., Cummins G.B., Darnall E.D.. Indexes to W. G. Solheim's Mycoflora Saximontanensis Exsiccata . Mycotaxon. 1979; 10.
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Gilbertson R.L., Cummins G.B., Darnall E.D.. Indexes to W. G. Solheim's Mycoflora Saximontanensis Exsiccata .. Mycotaxon. 1979; 10
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with Dr. Leif Ryvarden on flora of the University of Oslo and preparation of a flora of wood-decaying basidiomycetes of Hawaii.
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Robert L. Gilbertson. Wood-Rotting Fungi of North America. Mycologia, Vol. 72, No. 1 (Jan. - Feb., 1980), pp. 1–49
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Wood-Rotting Fungi of North America, Robert L. Gilbertson, Mycologia, Vol. 72, No. 1 (Jan. - Feb., 1980), pp. 1-49
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Mycological systematics and floristics; wood-rotting basidiomycetes; biological diversity in world ecosystems.
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where he majored in Botany and graduated with honors. Gil married Patricia Park in 1948, and they went to the
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Robert Lee Gilbertson 1926-2011 doi: 10.3852/12-118 Mycologia November/December 2012 vol. 104 no. 6 1521-1524
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Gilbertson, R.L. and D. E. Hemmes. 1997. Notes on fungi on Hawaiian tree ferns. Mycotoxon 62:465-487.
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for 60 years. His PhD degree was completed in 1954 in mycology and forest pathology with a thesis on
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and was collaborator and consultant with Center for Forest Mycology Research, US Forest Service,
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Jack Rogers summed it all up by saying, “He was the best field mycologist that I have known."
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European Theater Campaign Medal with two battle stars, a Bronze Star, and a Purple Heart.
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Gilbertson and Ryvarden. North American Polypores: Vol. 2; 1986 Oslo, Norway: Fungiflora
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Gilbertson and Ryvarden. North American Polypores: Vol. 1; 1986 Oslo, Norway: Fungiflora
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of botany in the College of Forestry for eight years (1959-1967). He was appointed as
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Regt., 78th Inf. Division, participating in an attack on the German Wehrmacht in the
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Research on wood-rotting fungi and other fungi associated with southwestern plants
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State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry alumni
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Gilbertson, R.L. 1954. Polyporus montagnei and Cyclomyces greenei. 46(2):229-233
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and began his studies under the G.I. Bill of Rights. In 1946 he enrolled at the
245:… 40 years ago today I was a 19 year old combat infantryman in C. F, 309th Inf.
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Gilbertson and Ryvarden. European polypores. Vol. II. Oslo, Norway: Fungiflora
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Gilbertson and Ryvarden. European polypores. Vol. I. Oslo, Norway: Fungiflora
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in the central Rocky Mountains and Pacific Northwest was published in 1954.
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State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry
601:(Frank G. Hawksworth, Robert L. Gilbertson, and Gordon W. Wallis, 1984).
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Photograph of Gilbertson in uniform of a combat infantryman in the Army
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Forest in December 1944 and didn’t know if I would even get to be 20.”
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On December 13, 1984, Gil wrote about how he earned the Purple Heart.
731:"Robert Gilbertson Obituary (2012) - Tucson, AZ - Arizona Daily Star"
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After receiving his PhD Gil remained at Syracuse for six months as a
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168:(January 15, 1925 – October 26, 2011) was a distinguished American
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actually went through that experience and am alive and well today.
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for 26 years until his retirement from teaching in 1995; he was a
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and filled in until Gil arrived in Tucson. Another close friend,
53:
R.L. Gilbertson at The Robert L. Gilbertson Mycological Herbarium
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889:"ESF | SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry"
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until his death on October 26, 2011, from complications due to
776:"Herbarium and Culture Collection - Northern Research Station"
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in 1967. He concurrently held positions as plant pathologist,
943:, a new genus of polypores (Hymenomycetes, Basidiomycota)".
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European Polypores European Polypores Vol. I & Vol. II
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felt blight, “bear wipe,” a disease of conifers caused by
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until his retirement from teaching in 1995 and then as
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with Page Lindsey and another book authored by Gil:
704:is used to indicate this person as the author when
604:Gil wrote several books with L. Ryvarden including
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341:and published his first paper on these species in
180:at U of A until his death on October 26, 2011, in
813:Ammirati, Joe F.; Libonati-Barnes, Susan (1986).
508:involved preparation of a monograph of the genus
412:(1957-1981). He spent 26 years on the faculty in
528:more than 30 years. He also was a member of the
606:North American Polypores; Vol. I & Vol. II
451:The Robert L. Gilbertson Mycological Herbarium
1119:Gilbertson, 1974. University of Arizona Press
8:
650:Published books by Gilbertson and colleagues
30:"Gilb." redirects here. For other uses, see
544:, Sociedad Mexicana de MicologĂa, and the
323:College of Forestry at Syracuse University
47:
36:
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215:A River Runs Through It and Other Stories
172:and educator. He was a faculty member at
364:Post-doctoral studies and professorships
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550:Fellow of the Linnean Society of London
310:. Gil received his master's degree in
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1003:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
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317:Gil pursued a PhD with Josiah Lowe at
921:1956. The genus Poria in the central
635:European and North American Polypores
532:and served as an associate editor of
429:In 2001, he was honoured by botanist
356:Gilbertson's presidential address in
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467:Gilbertson leaning on a tree with a
530:American Phytopathological Society
25:
815:"Daniel Elliot Stuntz, 1909-1983"
425:Gil's Obituary Arizona Daily Star
345:in 1954. His thesis on the genus
1186:Scientists from New York (state)
618:Fungi that decay ponderosa pine
1130:International Plant Names Index
637:by Gilbertson and Leif Ryvarden
394:Agricultural Experiment Station
325:in 1951, studying mycology and
27:American mycologist (1925–2011)
832:10.1080/00275514.1986.12025285
522:Mycological Society of America
115:Distinguished Mycologist Award
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1181:People from Hamilton, Montana
1176:University of Arizona faculty
538:Society of American Foresters
264:Gilbertson at Silver spur bar
229:Gil's stories of World War II
542:California Botanical Society
319:State University of New York
623:collaborators to carry on.
546:British Mycological Society
536:for fifteen years, and the
329:. Gil would go on to study
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476:Research areas of interest
402:Forest Products Laboratory
190:Forest Products Laboratory
29:
372:until he was hired as an
159:
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945:Harvard Papers in Botany
614:Basidiomycetes on aspen
303:University of Washington
1019:"Dr. Gilbertson's Page"
751:"Dr. Gilbertson's Page"
939:Parmasto, E. (2001). "
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599:Herpotrichia juniperi
565:Mycological colleagues
520:Gil was active in the
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276:was 19 in the HĂĽrtgen
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642:Selected publications
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390:University of Arizona
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314:with Stuntz in 1951.
299:University of Montana
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174:University of Arizona
166:Robert Lee Gilbertson
142:University of Arizona
41:Robert Lee Gilbertson
1166:American mycologists
1066:Taylor & Francis
868:Taylor & Francis
633:Two volumes each of
572:George Baker Cummins
516:Professional service
335:Polyporus montagnei
220:Young Men and Fire.
1087:"Goodreads Authors"
929:. Lloydia 19:65–85.
695:author abbreviation
592:Neopeckia coulteri
501:Ganoderma colossum
433:who named a fungal
382:associate professor
378:University of Idaho
376:of forestry at the
374:assistant professor
339:Cyclomyces greenii
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418:Professor Emeritus
370:research assistant
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293:Gil returned from
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194:Madison, Wisconsin
178:Professor Emeritus
927:Pacific Northwest
398:US Forest Service
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122:Scientific career
73:Hamilton, Montana
16:(Redirected from
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755:Cals.arizona.edu
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556:After retirement
331:wood-decay fungi
327:forest pathology
149:Doctoral advisor
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69:January 15, 1925
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