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The Gitxaała people primarily live in Lax Klan, their main winter (and now permanent) village, and is a large and thriving community. Its population in 1983 was 493. It has temporarily suspended treaty negotiations with the
British Columbia government.
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off the coast of northern B.C. Because of their location, the Gitxaała have sometimes been called
Porcher Island Indians. They were also, in the early contact period, called the Sebassa tribe, for their paramount chief at the time, Ts'ibasaa. The name
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The Gitxaała are reputed to be the first
Indigenous people of the northwest coast to encounter (formally anyway) Europeans and the first to use guns. Stories recording this encounter tell of the acquisition of the hereditary name He'l by the
73:("people of the saltwater") in recognition of their coastal presence on the islands and inlets of this rugged piece of coastline. Gitxaała don’t refer to themselves as Gitlaxmoon or as Ts’msyen (meaning ‘Inside the Skeena River’).
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In the more recent period, one holder of the name He'l also assumed rights over the
Gispwudwada chief name Seeks, which represents another Gitxaała Gispwudwada (Blackfish Clan) house-group.
71:(open sea, or channel), since they are the farthest from the mainland. Another name that inland-based neighbors use in reference to the Gitxaała is, 'Gitlaxmoon
259:(Suwilaay'msga Na Ga'niiyatgm, Teachings of Our Grandfathers, vol. 3.) Prince Rupert, B.C.: First Nations Advisory Council of School District No. 52.
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A large amount of information on the hereditary names, territories, and oral traditions of the Gitxaała people was collected in 1916 by
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278:
286:
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82:(Blackfish or Killerwhale clan) House (extended matrilineal family) of Ts'ibasaa, from an English ship's captain.
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2 vols. (Anthropology Series 30, National Museum of Canada
Bulletin 119.) Ottawa: National Museum of Canada.
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ed. by George F. MacDonald and John J. Cove, pp. 158–159. Ottawa: Canadian Museum of
Civilization.
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103:(Blackfish or Killerwhale clan) house-group, the house of Nisweexs (Ts’ibasaa’s nephew) in the
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One holder of the title Ts'ibasaa was Joshua Ts'ibasaa, who died in 1936. The anthropologist
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are one of the oldest First
Nations whose unceded territories are now occupied by the
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Garfield also describes the House of Ts'ibasaa's genealogical merging with another
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Voyage to the
Northwest Side of America: The Journals of James Colnett, 1786–89
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Russell Gamble, hereditary chief and ANBT - basketball administrator (He'l)
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Joshua Ts’ibasaa, mansm’ooygidm Gitxaała (head chief of Gitxaała)
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Beynon, William (1987) "The Origin of the Name Hale." In:
276:(1990) "Tsimshians of British Columbia since 1900." In
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Edward Gamble, hereditary chief (Ts'ibasaa, He'l, Seeks)
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William Ewart
Gladstone Shakes (hereditary chief Seeks)
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University of Washington Publications in Anthropology,
54:(Lax Klan), on Dolphin Island, a small island just by
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has published a detailed description of his mortuary
188:"Gitxaala Nation | BC Assembly of First Nations"
315:. University of British Columbia (UBC) Press.
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291:Tsimshian Culture: A Light through the Ages.
194:. British Columbia Assembly of First Nations
250:Tsimshian Narratives 2: Trade and Warfare,
298:Marius Barbeau, Man of Mana: A Biography.
257:Saaban: The Tsimshian and Europeans Meet.
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133:House of Ayaamax - Ganhada (Raven Clan)
293:Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
265:(1939) "Tsimshian Clan and Society."
143:House of La'ooy – Ganhada (Raven clan)
300:Toronto: NC Press (pp. 165–168).
155:Prominent people of Gitxaała ancestry
129:Other Gitxaała house-groups include:
63:derives from the name Gitxaała, from
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279:Handbook of North American Indians
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269:vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 167–340.
349:North Coast of British Columbia
150:(Blackfish or Killerwhale clan)
1:
52:village, also called Kitkatla
281:, Volume 7: Northwest Coast,
136:House of Dzagmgishaaytks –
29:Location of Gitxaala Nation
365:
214:"Gitxaala Nation homepage"
296:Nowry, Laurence (1995)
311:Galois, Robert (2004).
255:Brown, Dorothy (1992)
241:Barbeau, Marius (1950)
111:(Port Simpson), B.C.
107:tribe of Ts’msyens at
146:House of Ts'ibasaa –
272:Inglis, Gordon B.,
263:Garfield, Viola E.
322:978-0-7748-0855-2
44:Canadian province
16:(Redirected from
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67:(people of) and
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305:Further reading
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120:Marius Barbeau
116:William Beynon
90:Viola Garfield
56:Porcher Island
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109:Lax Kw'alaams
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329:Google Books
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243:Totem Poles.
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221:. Retrieved
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196:. Retrieved
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140:(Raven clan)
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287:Miller, Jay
148:Gispwudwada
101:Gispwudwada
80:Gispwudwada
338:Categories
327:online at
223:January 6,
198:January 6,
174:References
344:Tsimshian
105:Ginadoiks
289:(1997)
192:bcafn.ca
94:potlatch
61:Kitkatla
40:Gitxaala
36:Kitkatla
18:Gitxaala
236:Sources
138:Ganhada
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274:et al.
69:kxaała
317:ISBN
225:2019
200:2019
65:git-
34:The
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