1033:
99:
311:
and Loutre suggests that the current warm climate may last another 50,000 years. The amount of heat trapping (greenhouse) gases being emitted into the Earth's oceans and its atmosphere may delay the next glacial period by an additional 50,000 years.
413:
Christopher M. Fedo; Grant M. Young; H. Wayne
Nesbitt (1997). "Paleoclimatic control on the composition of the Paleoproterozoic Serpent Formation, Huronian Supergroup, Canada: a greenhouse to icehouse transition".
449:
Miriam E. Katz; Kenneth G. Miller; James D. Wright; Bridget S. Wade; James V. Browning; Benjamin S. Cramer; Yair
Rosenthal (2008). "Stepwise transition from the Eocene greenhouse to the Oligocene icehouse".
113:, measured from ice core samples going back 800,000 years. The stage names are part of the North American and the European Alpine subdivisions. The correlation between both subdivisions is tentative.
169:, and began about 110,000 years ago and ended about 11,700 years ago. The glaciations that occurred during the glacial period covered many areas of the
307:
Since orbital variations are predictable, computer models that relate orbital variations to climate can predict future climate possibilities. Work by
1032:
501:
332:
J. Severinghaus; E. Brook (1999). "Abrupt
Climate Change at the End of the Last Glacial Period Inferred from Trapped Air in Polar Ice".
125:, there have been a number of glacials and interglacials. At least eight glacial cycles have occurred in the last 740,000 years alone.
815:
741:; Schellnhuber, H. J. (14 January 2016). "Critical Insolation–CO2 Relation for Diagnosing Past and Future Glacial Inception".
369:"Leg 198 Synthesis : A Remarkable 120-m.y. Record of Climate and Oceanography from Shatsky Rise, Northwest Pacific Ocean"
568:"Climate Dynamics During the Penultimate Glacial Period Recorded in a Speleothem from Kanaan Cave, Lebanon (central Levant)"
1167:
77:
864:
134:
1049:
942:
367:
Bralower, T.J.; Premoli Silva, I.; Malone, M.J. (2006). Bralower, T.J; Premoli Silva, I; Malone, M.J (eds.).
1055:
566:
Nehme, Carole; Verheyden, Sophie; Breitenbach, Sebastian F.M.; Gillikin, David P.; et al. (July 2018).
904:
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1080:
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93:
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293:. Over the last 650,000 years, there have been on average seven cycles of glacial advance and retreat.
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Interval of time within an ice age that is marked by colder temperatures and glacier advances
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143:. It began about 194,000 years ago and ended 135,000 years ago, with the beginning of the
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The
Penultimate Glacial Period (PGP) is the glacial period that occurred before the
1187:
778:
617:
103:
65:
661:
Berger A, Loutre MF (2002). "Climate: An exceptionally long interglacial ahead?".
706:"Calcium Carbonate Cycling in Future Oceans and its Influence on Future Climates"
384:
345:
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877:
226:
166:
68:, on the other hand, are periods of warmer climate between glacial periods. The
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118:
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is the current interglacial. A time with no glaciers on Earth is considered a
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and have different names, depending on their geographic distributions:
61:
57:
31:
622:"Successive Refinements in Long-Term Integrations of Planetary Orbits"
161:
The last glacial period was the most recent glacial period within the
286:
144:
471:
646:
621:
274:
492:. In Gradstein, F. M.; Ogg, James G.; Smith, A. Gilbert (eds.).
202:
797:
793:
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Proceedings of the Ocean
Drilling Program. Initial Reports
56:) is an interval of time (thousands of years) within an
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1040:
1000:
845:
831:
379:. Proceedings of the Ocean drilling program.: 47.
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519:"Eight glacial cycles from an Antarctic ice core"
487:"Chapter 22: The Pleistocene and Holocene Epochs"
809:
375:. Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program.
8:
842:
816:
802:
794:
60:that is marked by colder temperatures and
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645:
542:
496:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
485:Gibbard, P.; van Kolfschoten, T. (2004).
121:, which started about 2.6 million years
97:
517:Augustin, Laurent; et al. (2004).
321:
106:cycles as represented by atmospheric
7:
277:). The glacial advance reached the
704:Tyrrell, Toby (16 November 2007).
72:ended about 15,000 years ago. The
25:
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30:For longer glacial periods, see
1:
1168:Greenhouse and icehouse Earth
436:10.1016/S0301-9268(97)00049-1
710:Journal of Plankton Research
385:10.2973/odp.proc.ir.198.2002
346:10.1126/science.286.5441.930
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865:Penultimate Glacial Period
494:A Geologic Time Scale 2004
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154:
135:Penultimate Glacial Period
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129:Penultimate Glacial Period
87:
36:
29:
1206:
1029:
626:The Astrophysical Journal
616:F. Varadi; B. Runnegar;
289:, the ice sheet reached
78:greenhouse climate state
1056:Late Paleozoic icehouse
675:10.1126/science.1076120
1210:Timeline of glaciation
1077:(579.88 to 579.63 Mya)
422:(3–4). Elsevier: 201.
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94:timeline of glaciation
1173:Great Oxidation Event
723:10.1093/plankt/fbm105
163:Quaternary glaciation
101:
90:Quaternary glaciation
1058:(360 Mya to 260 Mya)
1052:(460 Mya to 430 Mya)
874:Last Glacial Maximum
416:Precambrian Research
279:Last Glacial Maximum
1193:Milankovitch cycles
870:Last Glacial Period
763:10.1038/nature16494
755:2016Natur.529..200G
638:2003ApJ...592..620V
595:10.1017/qua.2018.18
587:2018QuRes..90...10N
575:Quaternary Research
544:10.1038/nature02599
535:2004Natur.429..623A
464:2008NatGe...1..329K
428:1997PreR...86..201F
303:Milankovitch cycles
297:Next glacial period
171:Northern Hemisphere
157:Last Glacial Period
151:Last Glacial Period
141:Last Glacial Period
70:Last Glacial Period
39:Ice Age (2002 film)
1106:(717 to 660 Mya);
1083:(547 to 541.5 Mya)
458:(5). Nature: 329.
165:at the end of the
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1216:
1148:(2.9 to 2.78 Gya)
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749:(7585): 200–203.
503:978-0-521-78142-8
452:Nature Geoscience
84:Quaternary Period
16:(Redirected from
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1129:(2.4 to 2.1 Gya)
1119:Paleoproterozoic
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102:Glacial and
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1138:Mesoarchean
1081:Baykonurian
943:Santa María
897:Weichselian
227:North China
167:Pleistocene
117:Within the
18:Glaciations
1230:Glaciology
1092:Cryogenian
987:Beestonian
939:Wolstonian
921:Llanquihue
905:Midlandian
855:Antarctica
847:Quaternary
833:Quaternary
316:References
301:See also:
271:Llanquihue
263:Jomolungma
239:Luoji Shan
219:East China
191:Midlandian
119:Quaternary
64:advances.
54:glaciation
1067:Ediacaran
1042:Paleozoic
1018:Antarctic
1010:Oligocene
969:7th–8th:
965:Rio Llico
947:3rd–6th:
931:Illinoian
901:Devensian
893:Wisconsin
860:Greenland
691:128923481
603:134924228
393:1096-2158
267:Himalayas
259:Tian Shan
183:Devensian
175:Wisconsin
1224:Category
1127:Huronian
1108:Marinoan
1104:Sturtian
1075:Gaskiers
1002:Pliocene
983:Menapian
909:Pinedale
825:Ice ages
771:26762457
683:12193773
620:(2003).
553:15190344
398:April 9,
354:10542141
265:(in the
257:(in the
207:Weichsel
201:(in the
74:Holocene
1198:Stadial
1146:Pongola
1006:Miocene
991:Caracol
961:Anglian
779:4466220
751:Bibcode
663:Science
634:Bibcode
618:M. Ghil
583:Bibcode
531:Bibcode
460:Bibcode
424:Bibcode
334:Science
269:), and
255:Tianchi
251:Sichuan
247:Zagunao
243:Sichuan
235:Shaanxi
195:Ireland
62:glacier
58:ice age
50:glacial
32:ice age
957:Elster
949:Mindel
917:Merida
913:Fraser
777:
769:
743:Nature
689:
681:
601:
551:
523:Nature
500:
391:
352:
309:Berger
287:Europe
231:Taibai
145:Eemian
935:Saale
925:2nd:
887:1st:
878:Older
775:S2CID
687:S2CID
599:S2CID
571:(PDF)
490:(PDF)
285:. In
275:Chile
223:Beiye
979:Elbe
971:Günz
927:Riss
889:Würm
880:and
767:PMID
679:PMID
549:PMID
498:ISBN
400:2014
389:ISSN
350:PMID
273:(in
233:(in
225:(in
217:(in
215:Dali
203:Alps
199:Würm
193:(in
185:(in
177:(in
92:and
981:or
759:doi
747:529
718:doi
671:doi
667:297
642:doi
630:592
591:doi
539:doi
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468:doi
432:doi
381:doi
377:198
342:doi
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714:30
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708:.
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420:86
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324:^
283:BP
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34:.
20:)
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