283:; perhaps higher than any material recorded, and a raise in the capacitance of the battery over many charge cycles, rather than a decrease as is usually the case with all other battery technologies. The paper was also not clear if the battery could hold its charge after it is unplugged, which would clarify whether it is really a new battery technology, or simply a capacitor. Braga responded to critics, saying "Data is data, and we have similar data from many different cells, in four different instruments, different labs, glove box. And at the end of the day, the LEDs are lit for days with a very small amount of active material after having cycled for more than 23,000 times".
279:, in which the cathode is coated with a special plasticiser solution to avoid interface cracking as different materials expand at different rates. Braga says the new battery has twice the energy density of conventional lithium-ion batteries, and can be recharged 23,000 times. Critics pointed out several extraordinary claims in the paper, such as a record-high
291:
Braga and
Goodenough stated they expect the battery to have an energy density many times higher than current lithium-ion batteries, as well as an operating temperature range down to −20 °C (−4 °F); much lower than current solid-state batteries. The electrolyte is also stated to have a wide
299:
The authors claim the battery has a much shorter charging time than Li-ion batteries—in minutes rather than hours. The authors also state they tested the stability of the alkali metal/electrolyte interface over 1,200 charge cycles with low cell resistance; the specification for Li-ion batteries is
195:) of materials. Lacey also notes that the original publication does not mention a limit to the thickness of the lithium plated on the cathode, but instead states the opposite: that the capacity of the cell is "determined by the amount of alkali metal used as the anode".
608:
Steingart, Daniel A.; Viswanathan, Venkatasubramanian (17 January 2018). "Comment on "Alternative strategy for a safe rechargeable battery" by M. H. Braga, N. S. Grundish, A. J. Murchison and J. B. Goodenough, Energy
Environ. Sci., 2017, 10, 331–336".
126:
The initial publication in
December 2016 was met with considerable skepticism by other researchers in battery technology, with several noting that it is unclear how a battery voltage is obtained given that pure metallic lithium or sodium exists on
261:
The publication states the battery operates during discharge by stripping the alkali metal from the anode and re-depositing it at the cathode, with the battery voltage determined by the redox active component and the
118:
for research into the "fundamental understanding of interfacial phenomena in solid-state batteries" and "hot pressing of reinforced all-solid-state batteries with sulfide glass electrolyte."
296:. The battery's design is safer than lithium-ion batteries, as the use of a flammable liquid electrolyte is avoided. The battery can also be made using low-cost sodium instead of lithium.
722:
Braga, Maria Helena; M Subramaniyam, Chandrasekar; Murchison, Andrew J.; Goodenough, John B. (24 April 2018). "Nontraditional, Safe, High
Voltage Rechargeable Cells of Long Cycle Life".
147:
commenting, "If anyone but
Goodenough published this, I would be, well, it's hard to find a polite word." A formal comment was published by Steingart and Venkat Viswanathan from
110:
In
September 2016 Iowa State University was granted U.S. $ 1.6 million to develop new lithium-ion-conducting glassy solid electrolytes. In August 2019, it was announced that
831:
Braga, M. H.; Ferreira, J. A.; Stockhausen, V.; Oliveira, J. E.; El-Azab, A. (18 March 2014). "Novel Li3ClO based glasses with superionic properties for lithium batteries".
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of the battery determined by the amount of the alkali metal anode. This operating mechanism is radically different from the insertion (
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is higher than that of the thin lithium plated on the cathode current collector." Goodenough went on to say in a later interview with
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143:. Goodenough's high reputation was enough to deter the strongest criticism however, with Daniel Steingart of
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and a redox active component, as the positive electrode (cathode). The cathode mixture is coated onto
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337:"Lithium-Ion Battery Inventor Introduces New Technology for Fast-Charging, Noncombustible Batteries"
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Goodenough's response has drawn further skepticism from Daniel
Steingart and also Matthew Lacey of
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Goodenough responded to the skepticism, stating: "The answer is that if the lithium plated on the
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503:"Cathode reaction models for Braga-Goodenough Na-ferrocene and Li-MnO2 rechargeable batteries"
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The battery, as reported in the original publication, is constructed using an alkali metal (
561:"Strong, High Li+ Ion Conductivity, Li-Impermeable Thin-Ribbon Glassy Solid Electrolytes"
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current collector is thin enough for its reaction with the current collector to have its
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645:"The Slashdot Interview With Lithium-Ion Battery Inventor John B. Goodenough - Slashdot"
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397:"Has lithium-battery genius John Goodenough done it again? Colleagues are skeptical"
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Braga, M.H.; Grundish, N.S.; Murchison, A.J.; Goodenough, J.B. (9 December 2016).
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in
December 2016; a number of follow-up works have also been published since.
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771:"The Solid-State Lithium-Ion Battery — Has John Goodenough Finally Done It?"
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139:. Any energy stored or released by the battery would therefore violate the
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lowered to that of the current collector, the Fermi energy of the lithium
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In 2018, a new version was described by most of the same authors in the
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584:"US awards General Motors $ 2 million for solid-state battery research"
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254:, allowing fast charging of the battery without the formation of metal
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367:"Lithium-Ion Pioneer Introduces New Battery That's Three Times Better"
697:"On the skepticism surrounding the "Goodenough battery" · Matt Lacey"
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that the lithium plated on the cathode is on the "order of a
270:) mechanism of most conventional Li-ion battery materials.
420:"Google's Schmidt Flags Promise in New Goodenough Battery"
211:
foil) as the negative electrode (anode), and a mixture of
877:"Super-Safe Glass Battery Charges in Minutes, Not Hours"
539:
IEEE Spectrum: Technology, Engineering, and
Science News
470:"Alternative strategy for a safe rechargeable battery"
894:"Will a New Glass Battery Accelerate the End of Oil?"
807:"Battery pioneer unveils surprising new breakthrough"
131:
electrodes, which should not produce a difference in
102:
is researching the battery for possible production.
507:Journal of Electrochemical Science and Engineering
92:The paper describing the battery was published in
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191:effect is only known for extremely thin layers (
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339:. University of Texas News. 28 February 2017
219:foil. The redox active component is either
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287:Comparison with lithium-ion batteries
122:Skepticism and reaction to skepticism
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114:was awarded U.S. $ 2 million by the
567:. 13 September 2016. Archived from
418:Tirone, Johnathan (15 March 2017).
611:Energy & Environmental Science
474:Energy & Environmental Science
153:Energy & Environmental Science
116:United States Department of Energy
95:Energy & Environmental Science
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199:Construction and electrochemistry
833:Journal of Materials Chemistry A
81:and a senior research fellow at
77:, an associate professor at the
69:electrode materials used in the
670:Steingart, Dan (4 March 2017).
395:LeVene, Steve (20 March 2017).
365:Morris, David (6 March 2017).
300:usually less than a thousand.
231:. The electrolyte is a highly
83:Cockrell School of Engineering
1:
805:LeVine, Steve (3 June 2018).
281:relative dielectric constant
57:The battery was invented by
676:the unfortunate tetrahedron
141:first law of thermodynamics
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187:, who point out that this
149:Carnegie Mellon University
106:Glass electrolyte research
189:underpotential deposition
133:electrochemical potential
135:, and therefore give no
87:The University of Texas
294:electrochemical window
67:lithium iron phosphate
16:Electric glass battery
924:Solid-state batteries
672:"Redox without Redox"
649:hardware.slashdot.org
448:"FEUP - Helena Braga"
310:List of battery types
736:10.1021/jacs.8b02322
145:Princeton University
63:lithium cobalt oxide
919:Metal-ion batteries
79:University of Porto
71:lithium-ion battery
53:Development history
25:solid-state battery
845:10.1039/c3ta15087a
623:10.1039/C7EE01318C
582:Szymkowski, Sean.
541:. 24 February 2020
535:"Full Page Reload"
501:Sakai, M. (2023).
487:10.1039/C6EE02888H
185:Uppsala University
61:, inventor of the
59:John B. Goodenough
839:(15): 5470–5480.
730:(20): 6343–6352.
571:on 27 April 2017.
520:10.5599/jese.1704
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229:manganese dioxide
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100:Hydro-Québec
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27:. It uses a
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480:: 331–336.
428:. Bloomberg
32:electrolyte
913:Categories
816:6 December
783:6 December
316:References
233:conductive
193:monolayers
44:electrodes
863:2050-7496
631:1754-5706
593:18 August
369:. Fortune
256:dendrites
225:ferrocene
881:NovaNext
752:13660262
744:29688709
701:lacey.se
588:Roadshow
432:21 March
403:21 March
399:. Quartz
373:23 March
343:22 March
304:See also
264:capacity
180:thick".
173:Slashdot
707:21 June
681:21 June
655:21 June
545:6 March
205:lithium
160:cathode
36:lithium
861:
750:
742:
629:
252:barium
221:sulfur
217:copper
213:carbon
209:sodium
178:micron
42:metal
40:sodium
811:Axios
748:S2CID
250:with
248:doped
236:glass
227:, or
168:anode
29:glass
859:ISSN
818:2018
785:2018
740:PMID
709:2017
683:2017
657:2017
627:ISSN
595:2019
547:2020
434:2017
405:2017
375:2017
345:2017
246:and
242:and
129:both
65:and
34:and
19:The
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