266:, the workers immediately escape by retreating into the nest, while the soldiers remain outside to defend the nest. They will first attempt to catch and pierce the attackers with their large mandibles. If this does not deter the attackers, some soldiers secrete a yellow liquid from a large gland that occupies a large proportion of their body. The liquid is forced out of the gland by contractions of the mandibular muscles which compress the walls of the gland. This liquid rapidly hardens on contact with air, producing a sticky substance that traps ants and other termites. The secretion also contains a
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When the nest is damaged, the soldier termites defend the nest and workers rapidly repair any damage to the nest walls. The soldiers stand on alert on their legs and scan the area with their antennae. If the nest is attacked by
227:. They live in nests made of earth that can be up to 1.5 m tall and can contain tens of thousands of individuals. Between five and 10 per cent of the population are soldier termites which can be recognised by their yellow
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Yamada, Akinori; Tetsushi Inoue; Decha
Wiwatwitaya; Moriya Ohkuma; Toshiaki Kudo & Atsuko Sugimoto (February 2006). "Nitrogen fixation by termites in tropical forests, Thailand".
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which attracts more soldiers to fight the attackers. In some cases, the contractions are so violent that the termites rupture themselves. This form of suicidal
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Bordereau, C.; A. Robert; V. Van Tuyen & A. Peppuy (August 1997). "Suicidal defensive behaviour by frontal gland dehiscence in
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A drawing of the head of a soldier termite showing the head (H), antennae (A) and the mandibles (M). Scale bar = 0.3mm
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per year. Although this contribution is only between 7% and 22% of the total nitrogen inputs in the
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it is thought to be relatively important as termites add it to dead wood, thereby accelerating its
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The species is a major pest in areas it inhabits as it attacks wooden structures and can damage
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Majid, Abdul Hafiz Ab.; Abu Hassan Ahmad; Rashid M Z A & Che Salmah Md Rawi (2007).
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Species of Asian termite whose soldiers are known for their potentially suicidal attack.
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plantations. Experiments have shown that it can be controlled using the insecticide
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forages areas of up to 62m and ventures up to 16m away from its nest.
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Lee, Chow-Yang; Jocelyn Yap; Peng-Soon Ngee & Zairi Jaal (2003).
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542:"Foraging colonies of a higher mound-building subterranean termite,
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506:(Isoptera: Termitidae) (Subterranean termite) in Penang"
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Japanese
Journal of Environmental Entomological Zoology
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found that they fix around 250 grams of nitrogen per
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231:and two large, curved mandibles. The termites use
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207:that is very common in central and southern
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211:and also present in other areas of
580:Photograph of a nest and a soldier
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432:Haviland soldiers (Isoptera)".
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559:(2): 105–112. Archived from
519:(2): 109–114. Archived from
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748:Insects described in 1898
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41:Scientific classification
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546:(Haviland) in Malaysia"
606:Globitermes sulphureus
544:Globitermes sulphureus
504:Globitermes sulphureus
430:Globitermes sulphureus
391:Globitermes sulphureus
364:Globitermes sulphureus
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200:Globitermes sulphureus
160:Globitermes sulphureus
25:Globitermes sulphureus
446:10.1007/s000400050049
263:Oecophylla smaragdina
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359:Colobopsis saundersi
351:Colobopsis explodens
738:Insects of Thailand
733:Insects of Malaysia
728:Insects of Cambodia
476:2006Ecosy...9...75Y
293:. An experiment in
225:Peninsular Malaysia
743:Insects of Vietnam
585:2011-07-13 at the
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142:G. sulphureus
753:Exploding animals
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695:Open Tree of Life
598:Taxon identifiers
393:(Haviland, 1898)"
282:Nitrogen fixation
237:defense mechanism
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186:Termes sulphureus
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402:. Retrieved
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104:Infraorder:
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289:is able to
129:Globitermes
717:Categories
464:Ecosystems
371:References
276:autothysis
233:autothysis
118:Termitidae
78:Arthropoda
303:ecosystem
268:pheromone
136:Species:
98:Blattodea
64:Kingdom:
58:Eukaryota
723:Termites
621:Q4039502
615:Wikidata
583:Archived
404:25 April
344:See also
334:oil palm
313:Foraging
295:Thailand
272:altruism
221:Thailand
217:Cambodia
177:Synonyms
168:Haviland
114:Family:
108:Isoptera
74:Phylum:
68:Animalia
54:Domain:
674:9716217
472:Bibcode
330:coconut
324:Control
299:hectare
243:Defense
229:abdomen
209:Vietnam
205:termite
170:, 1898)
124:Genus:
94:Order:
88:Insecta
84:Class:
700:797179
687:229677
661:GLBTSU
635:675314
223:, and
648:6KHN2
564:(PDF)
549:(PDF)
524:(PDF)
509:(PDF)
235:as a
682:NCBI
669:GBIF
656:EPPO
630:BOLD
406:2021
332:and
258:ants
643:CoL
480:doi
442:doi
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
