Knowledge (XXG)

Glossary of module theory

Source đź“ť

2663: 2395: 4680: 337: 2237: 1838: 464: 1907: 3546: 3226: 938: 4188: 2796: 1963: 2326: 4110: 2718: 2131: 1371: 1281: 2956:
is the common length of any composition series of the module; the length is infinite if there is no composition series. Over a field, the length is more commonly known as the
4468: 1493: 3486: 3166: 1669: 3603: 3283: 4802: 4429: 3654: 3334: 2085: 4058: 3372: 2658: 200:) is a module in which all systems of equations can be decided by finitary means. Alternatively, those modules which leave pure-exact sequence exact after applying Hom. 4026: 3974: 3919: 3691: 2626: 2574: 2519: 2321: 1208: 1159: 390: 3454: 3134: 1398: 4359: 4227:
of a module is the minimal length of (if any) a finite projective resolution of the module; the dimension is infinite if there is no finite projective resolution.
4769: 4749: 4729: 4709: 4379: 4328: 4308: 4288: 4210: 4136: 3994: 3942: 3887: 3863: 3843: 3422: 3402: 3099: 3076: 2744: 2594: 2542: 2487: 2463: 2443: 2415: 2153: 2045: 1862: 1787: 1707: 1628: 1608: 1553: 1533: 1513: 1437: 1248: 1228: 1179: 1133: 579: 559: 361: 250: 230: 2904: 3749:
is a module such that every submodule is finitely generated. Equivalently, every increasing chain of submodules becomes stationary after finitely many steps.
2280:
is a non-zero module that cannot be written as a direct sum of two non-zero submodules. Every simple module is indecomposable (but not conversely).
2937:
says that (1) a finite-length module admits an indecomposable decomposition and (2) any two indecomposable decompositions of it are equivalent.
5071: 5019: 4989: 255: 3813: 643:
over a ring is the category where the objects are all the (say) left modules over the given ring and the morphisms module homomorphisms.
5097: 5066:, The Wadsworth & Brooks/Cole Mathematics Series, Pacific Grove, CA: Wadsworth & Brooks/Cole Advanced Books & Software, 5052: 4966: 2160: 40: 3790: 3034: 1751:
of the module if the submodule generated by the set (i.e., the smallest subset containing the set) is the entire module itself.
1999: 1792: 395: 2877: 1008:
is the set of all module homomorphisms with addition as addition of functions and multiplication composition of functions.
1867: 589: 193: 3495: 3175: 977: 4497:
is the intersection of the maximal submodules. For Artinian modules, the smallest submodule with semisimple quotient.
2957: 879:
is a module that is the direct sum of the underlying abelian group together with component-wise scalar multiplication.
4259: 1993: 2390:{\displaystyle \operatorname {length} (\operatorname {coker} (f))-\operatorname {length} (\operatorname {ker} (f))} 1748: 1689:
is a module that has a basis, or equivalently, one that is isomorphic to a direct sum of copies of the scalar ring
898: 864: 781: 28: 2934: 2006: 688: 4831: 1912: 1635: 1440: 1404: 1296: 824: 703: 209: 581:
such that every element in the module can be expressed as a finite sum of elements in the basis in a unique way.
4935: 3044: 2986: 1408: 1320: 749: 4069: 2677: 2289: 2810:(also called injective hull) is a maximal essential extension, or a minimal embedding in an injective module. 844: 4505: 4144: 2894: 2825: 2752: 2265: 34: 5102: 4537: 3734: 3002: 2090: 1330: 4816:
over a commutative ring is the set of prime ideals at which the localizations of the module are nonzero.
2814: 2277: 2017: 1717: 1253: 876: 197: 478:
is a module in which every decreasing chain of submodules becomes stationary after finitely many steps.
673: 4527: 4434: 4224: 1446: 1078: 513: 20: 3459: 3139: 1641: 727: 4862: 4813: 4623: 4571: 4494: 3716: 3700: 2969: 2134: 1036: 677: 640: 340: 4683:
says that a finitely generated modules over PIDs are finite direct sums of primary cyclic modules.
3555: 3235: 4872: 4842: 4778: 4669: 4384: 3818: 3609: 3289: 3079: 2953: 2807: 2050: 1308: 1021: 987: 760: 4592: 4031: 3340: 2631: 1570: 3699:
3.  All the modules together with all the module homomorphisms between them form the
5067: 5048: 5015: 4985: 4962: 4658: 4635: 3999: 3947: 3892: 3866: 3801: 3746: 3660: 2836: 2599: 2547: 2492: 2294: 1981: 1184: 1016: 1005: 962:
is a module over a ring of functions on algebraic curve with coefficients from a finite field.
770: 738: 628: 4602: 4581: 4516: 4231: 2466: 1759: 1138: 948: 651: 624: 487: 369: 5081: 5029: 4999: 3427: 3107: 1376: 5077: 5025: 5011: 4995: 4984:, Monographs and Textbooks in Pure and Applied Mathematics, vol. 147, Marcel Dekker, 4471: 3773: 3712: 2976: 1113: 959: 699: 531: 475: 4336: 1535:
is a finite linear combination of those elements with coefficients from the scalar ring
5044: 4978: 4958: 4951: 4908: 4890: 4754: 4734: 4714: 4694: 4364: 4331: 4313: 4293: 4273: 4242: 4195: 4121: 3979: 3927: 3872: 3848: 3828: 3779: 3407: 3387: 3084: 3061: 2923: 2729: 2579: 2527: 2472: 2448: 2428: 2400: 2138: 2030: 1847: 1772: 1692: 1613: 1593: 1538: 1518: 1498: 1422: 1233: 1213: 1164: 1118: 1058: 564: 544: 516:
says that two decompositions into modules with local endomorphism rings are equivalent.
346: 235: 215: 5091: 4647: 4113: 3102: 3024: 2848: 2721: 1841: 1736: 1672: 1564: 1292: 793: 661: 16: 3382: 998: 502: 498: 2817:
is an injective module such that every module has a nonzero homomorphism into it.
4928: 4893:
is a module in which every two non-zero submodules have a non-zero intersection.
4852: 4612: 3812: 3056: 2860: 2247: 1686: 1631: 1068: 784:
is a module that admits a generating set whose cardinality is at most countable.
2662: 5036: 4681:
structure theorem for finitely generated modules over a principal ideal domain
3922: 1580: 4772: 2522: 2915:
The kernel of a module homomorphism is the pre-image of the zero element.
812: 715: 607: 702:
is a finitely generated module whose finitely generated submodules are
4584:
says that the endomorphism ring of a simple module is a division ring.
4519:
is a module that is isomorphic via the natural map to its second dual.
4262:
states that a finite projective module over a polynomial ring is free.
332:{\displaystyle {\textrm {Ann}}(M):=\{r\in R~|~rm=0\,\forall m\in M\}} 3811: 2661: 3168:(called scalar multipliction) satisfies the following condition: 718:
of a module homomorphism is the codomain quotiented by the image.
2839:
over a commutative ring is a rank-one finite projective module.
4650:
is a nonzero module whose only submodules are zero and itself.
2232:{\displaystyle r\phi (m)=\phi (rm)\,\forall r\in R,m\in M_{1}} 23:
are studied. This is a glossary of some terms of the subject.
47: 3816:
The characteristic property of projective modules is called
2009:
tells when a Hilbert–Poincaré series is a rational function.
5010:, Graduate Texts in Mathematics No. 189, Berlin, New York: 827:
is a way to express a module as a direct sum of submodules.
4938:
is a module homomorphism that maps every element to zero.
599:"big" usually means "not-necessarily finitely generated". 2907:
says that a projective module over a local ring is free.
847:
of a finite free module over a commutative ring is the
1311:
is a module that admits a (finite) composition series.
4781: 4757: 4737: 4717: 4697: 4437: 4387: 4367: 4339: 4316: 4296: 4276: 4198: 4147: 4124: 4072: 4034: 4002: 3982: 3950: 3930: 3895: 3875: 3851: 3831: 3663: 3612: 3558: 3498: 3462: 3430: 3410: 3390: 3343: 3292: 3238: 3178: 3142: 3110: 3087: 3064: 2863:
between modules is an invertible module homomorphism.
2755: 2732: 2680: 2634: 2602: 2582: 2550: 2530: 2495: 2475: 2451: 2431: 2403: 2329: 2297: 2163: 2141: 2093: 2053: 2033: 1915: 1870: 1850: 1833:{\displaystyle A=\bigoplus _{n\in \mathbb {N} }A_{n}} 1795: 1775: 1695: 1644: 1616: 1596: 1541: 1521: 1501: 1449: 1425: 1379: 1333: 1256: 1236: 1216: 1187: 1167: 1141: 1121: 901: 567: 547: 459:{\displaystyle {\textrm {Ann}}(m):=\{r\in R~|~rm=0\}} 398: 372: 349: 258: 238: 218: 867:
or dg-module is a graded module with a differential.
1984:
of a module homomorphism is another term for index.
1902:{\displaystyle \bigoplus _{i\in \mathbb {N} }M_{i}} 4977: 4950: 4796: 4763: 4743: 4723: 4703: 4462: 4423: 4373: 4353: 4322: 4302: 4282: 4204: 4182: 4130: 4104: 4052: 4020: 3988: 3968: 3936: 3913: 3881: 3857: 3837: 3685: 3648: 3597: 3540: 3480: 3448: 3416: 3396: 3366: 3328: 3277: 3220: 3160: 3128: 3093: 3070: 2790: 2738: 2712: 2652: 2620: 2588: 2568: 2536: 2513: 2481: 2457: 2437: 2409: 2389: 2315: 2231: 2147: 2125: 2079: 2039: 1957: 1901: 1856: 1832: 1781: 1739:is a module over the group ring of a Galois group. 1701: 1663: 1622: 1602: 1547: 1527: 1507: 1487: 1431: 1392: 1365: 1275: 1242: 1222: 1202: 1173: 1153: 1127: 932: 815:is a module over a ring of differential operators. 573: 553: 458: 384: 355: 331: 244: 224: 4234:is a minimal surjection from a projective module. 3541:{\displaystyle \forall r,s\in R,\forall m,n\in M} 3221:{\displaystyle \forall r,s\in R,\forall m,n\in M} 2968:1.  A linear map is another term for a 2666:The module Q is injective if the diagram commutes 1001:is a module homomorphism from a module to itself. 3737:is an endomorphism, some power of which is zero. 4217:In particular, every free module is projective. 1677:In particular, every projective module is flat. 1046:is a submodule that every nonzero submodule of 3793:is a cyclic indecomposable projective module. 933:{\displaystyle \operatorname {Hom} _{R}(M,R)} 8: 4931:is a module consisting of only zero element. 453: 418: 366:2.  The annihilator of an element 326: 278: 1958:{\displaystyle A_{i}M_{j}\subseteq M_{i+j}} 4953:Introductory Lectures on Rings and Modules 2905:Kaplansky's theorem on a projective module 2268:is an endomorphism whose square is itself. 4780: 4756: 4736: 4716: 4696: 4450: 4436: 4386: 4366: 4343: 4338: 4315: 4295: 4275: 4197: 4146: 4123: 4081: 4075: 4074: 4071: 4063:The following conditions are equivalent: 4033: 4001: 3981: 3949: 3929: 3894: 3874: 3850: 3830: 3671: 3662: 3611: 3557: 3497: 3461: 3429: 3409: 3389: 3354: 3348: 3342: 3291: 3237: 3177: 3141: 3109: 3086: 3063: 2754: 2731: 2689: 2683: 2682: 2679: 2671:The following conditions are equivalent: 2633: 2601: 2581: 2549: 2529: 2494: 2474: 2450: 2430: 2402: 2328: 2296: 2223: 2197: 2162: 2140: 2117: 2104: 2092: 2071: 2058: 2052: 2032: 1943: 1930: 1920: 1914: 1893: 1883: 1882: 1875: 1869: 1849: 1824: 1814: 1813: 1806: 1794: 1774: 1694: 1652: 1643: 1615: 1595: 1540: 1520: 1500: 1479: 1454: 1448: 1424: 1384: 1378: 1351: 1338: 1332: 1258: 1257: 1255: 1235: 1215: 1186: 1166: 1140: 1120: 906: 900: 566: 546: 433: 400: 399: 397: 371: 348: 313: 293: 260: 259: 257: 237: 217: 4105:{\displaystyle {\textrm {Hom}}_{R}(P,-)} 2713:{\displaystyle {\textrm {Hom}}_{R}(-,I)} 1135:is one where the action of each nonzero 4976:Golan, Jonathan S.; Head, Tom (1991), 4183:{\displaystyle 0\to L\to L'\to P\to 0} 2791:{\displaystyle 0\to I\to L\to L'\to 0} 1443:if there exist finitely many elements 851:-th exterior power of the module when 19:is the branch of mathematics in which 7: 4920: 4901: 4882: 4824: 4626:is the largest semisimple submodule. 4564: 4486: 4251: 4212:is a direct summand of free modules. 3765: 3726: 3017: 2945: 2887: 2870: 2257: 2126:{\displaystyle \phi :M_{1}\to M_{2}} 1973: 1728: 1400:are finitely generated free modules. 1105: 970: 804: 617: 524: 186: 3488:satisfies the following condition: 1366:{\displaystyle F_{1}\to F_{0}\to M} 4980:Modules and the structure of rings 4638:is a direct sum of simple modules. 3719:with an action of a ring spectrum. 3520: 3499: 3200: 3179: 2397:, when the cokernel and kernel of 2198: 1276:{\displaystyle {\textrm {Ann}}(M)} 796:if it is generated by one element. 314: 14: 1864:can be expressed as a direct sum 1747:A subset of a module is called a 627:(the term "canonical" comes from 41:Glossary of representation theory 761:Jordan Hölder composition series 4463:{\displaystyle r\in R,\,m\in M} 3791:principal indecomposable module 1488:{\displaystyle x_{1},...,x_{n}} 172: 4540:uses a ring homomorphism from 4403: 4391: 4174: 4168: 4157: 4151: 4099: 4087: 4012: 3960: 3905: 3643: 3634: 3622: 3613: 3571: 3559: 3481:{\displaystyle M\times R\to M} 3472: 3443: 3431: 3320: 3311: 3305: 3296: 3254: 3242: 3161:{\displaystyle R\times M\to M} 3152: 3123: 3111: 2782: 2771: 2765: 2759: 2707: 2695: 2612: 2560: 2505: 2384: 2381: 2375: 2366: 2354: 2351: 2345: 2336: 2307: 2194: 2185: 2176: 2170: 2110: 1664:{\displaystyle -\otimes _{R}F} 1357: 1344: 1270: 1264: 1081:uses a ring homomorphism from 927: 915: 434: 412: 406: 294: 272: 266: 1: 5008:Lectures on modules and rings 167: 3598:{\displaystyle (m+n)r=mr+nr} 3278:{\displaystyle r(m+n)=rm+rn} 3035:Mitchell's embedding theorem 3030:Mitchell's embedding theorem 887:The dual module of a module 505:that is also an isomorphism. 194:algebraically compact module 5062:Passman, Donald S. (1991), 4797:{\displaystyle RN\subset N} 4424:{\displaystyle r(m+N)=rm+N} 4141:Every short exact sequence 3649:{\displaystyle (ms)r=r(sm)} 3329:{\displaystyle r(sm)=(rs)m} 2749:Every short exact sequence 2080:{\displaystyle M_{1},M_{2}} 1515:such that every element of 676:if it does not contain any 5119: 4053:{\displaystyle f\circ h=g} 3367:{\displaystyle 1_{R}\,m=m} 2878:Jacobson's density theorem 2674:The contravariant functor 2653:{\displaystyle f\circ h=g} 1407:is a module that admits a 865:differential graded module 855:is the rank of the module. 782:countably generated module 29:Glossary of linear algebra 5098:Glossaries of mathematics 4832:Tensor product of modules 4361:can be made to be a left 3757:normal forms for matrices 1405:finitely presented module 1297:finitely generated module 1050:intersects non-trivially. 825:decomposition of a module 664:(frequently just complex) 4936:zero module homomorphism 4021:{\displaystyle h:P\to N} 3969:{\displaystyle f:N\to M} 3914:{\displaystyle g:P\to M} 3686:{\displaystyle m1_{R}=m} 3045:Mittag-Leffler condition 2987:Localization of a module 2621:{\displaystyle h:Y\to Q} 2569:{\displaystyle f:X\to Y} 2514:{\displaystyle g:X\to Q} 2316:{\displaystyle f:M\to M} 2290:index of an endomorphism 1994:Hilbert's syzygy theorem 1409:finite free presentation 1321:finite free presentation 1295:" is another name for a 1203:{\displaystyle rx\neq 0} 891:over a commutative ring 590:Beauville–Laszlo theorem 561:is a set of elements in 162: 5064:A course in ring theory 5006:Lam, Tsit-Yuen (1999), 4949:John A. Beachy (1999). 4731:, an additive subgroup 4506:rational canonical form 4138:is a projective module. 2087:, a group homomorphism 2000:Hilbert–PoincarĂ© series 978:Eilenberg–Mazur swindle 35:Glossary of ring theory 4798: 4765: 4745: 4725: 4705: 4538:Restriction of scalars 4464: 4425: 4375: 4355: 4324: 4304: 4284: 4260:Quillen–Suslin theorem 4254:Quillen–Suslin theorem 4206: 4184: 4132: 4106: 4066:The covariant functor 4054: 4022: 3990: 3970: 3938: 3915: 3883: 3859: 3839: 3823: 3735:nilpotent endomorphism 3687: 3650: 3599: 3542: 3482: 3450: 3418: 3398: 3368: 3330: 3279: 3222: 3162: 3130: 3095: 3072: 2792: 2746:is a injective module. 2740: 2714: 2667: 2654: 2622: 2590: 2570: 2538: 2515: 2483: 2459: 2439: 2411: 2391: 2317: 2233: 2149: 2127: 2081: 2041: 1959: 1903: 1858: 1834: 1783: 1703: 1665: 1624: 1604: 1549: 1529: 1509: 1489: 1433: 1394: 1367: 1277: 1244: 1224: 1204: 1175: 1155: 1154:{\displaystyle r\in R} 1129: 934: 575: 555: 460: 386: 385:{\displaystyle m\in M} 357: 333: 246: 226: 157: 152: 147: 142: 137: 132: 127: 122: 117: 112: 107: 102: 97: 92: 87: 82: 77: 72: 67: 62: 57: 4799: 4766: 4746: 4726: 4706: 4465: 4426: 4376: 4356: 4325: 4305: 4285: 4207: 4185: 4133: 4107: 4055: 4023: 3996:-module homomorphism 3991: 3971: 3944:-module homomorphism 3939: 3916: 3889:-module homomorphism 3884: 3860: 3840: 3815: 3688: 3651: 3600: 3543: 3483: 3451: 3449:{\displaystyle (M,+)} 3419: 3399: 3369: 3331: 3280: 3223: 3163: 3131: 3129:{\displaystyle (M,+)} 3096: 3073: 2935:Krull–Schmidt theorem 2815:injective cogenerator 2793: 2741: 2715: 2665: 2655: 2623: 2596:-module homomorphism 2591: 2571: 2544:-module homomorphism 2539: 2516: 2489:-module homomorphism 2484: 2460: 2440: 2412: 2392: 2318: 2278:indecomposable module 2234: 2150: 2128: 2082: 2042: 2018:homological dimension 2013:homological dimension 2007:Hilbert–Serre theorem 1960: 1904: 1859: 1835: 1784: 1718:Frobenius reciprocity 1713:Frobenius reciprocity 1704: 1666: 1625: 1605: 1550: 1530: 1510: 1490: 1434: 1395: 1393:{\displaystyle F_{i}} 1368: 1327:is an exact sequence 1278: 1245: 1225: 1205: 1176: 1156: 1130: 935: 877:direct sum of modules 792:A module is called a 689:Cohen–Macaulay module 672:A module is called a 576: 556: 461: 387: 358: 334: 247: 227: 198:pure injective module 189:algebraically compact 4779: 4755: 4735: 4715: 4695: 4435: 4385: 4365: 4337: 4314: 4294: 4274: 4225:projective dimension 4196: 4145: 4122: 4070: 4032: 4000: 3980: 3948: 3928: 3893: 3873: 3849: 3829: 3661: 3610: 3556: 3496: 3460: 3428: 3424:is an abelian group 3408: 3388: 3341: 3290: 3236: 3176: 3140: 3108: 3085: 3062: 2895:Kähler differentials 2890:Kähler differentials 2753: 2730: 2678: 2632: 2600: 2580: 2548: 2528: 2493: 2473: 2449: 2429: 2401: 2327: 2295: 2161: 2139: 2091: 2051: 2031: 1913: 1868: 1848: 1793: 1773: 1693: 1642: 1614: 1594: 1539: 1519: 1499: 1447: 1423: 1377: 1331: 1254: 1234: 1214: 1185: 1181:is nontrivial (i.e. 1165: 1139: 1119: 1079:Extension of scalars 899: 733:completely reducible 565: 545: 541:A basis of a module 396: 370: 347: 256: 236: 216: 4863:torsion-free module 4814:support of a module 4495:radical of a module 4354:{\displaystyle M/N} 3701:category of modules 2970:module homomorphism 2847:Another name for a 2417:have finite length. 2002:of a graded module. 1789:over a graded ring 1315:finite presentation 1307:A module of finite 1037:essential submodule 776:countably generated 678:essential extension 641:category of modules 51:Contents:  4934:2.  The 4927:1.  The 4873:torsionless module 4843:topological module 4794: 4761: 4741: 4721: 4701: 4670:stably free module 4460: 4421: 4371: 4351: 4320: 4300: 4280: 4223:2.  The 4202: 4180: 4128: 4102: 4050: 4018: 3986: 3966: 3934: 3911: 3879: 3855: 3835: 3824: 3683: 3646: 3595: 3538: 3478: 3456:with an operation 3446: 3414: 3394: 3364: 3326: 3275: 3218: 3158: 3136:with an operation 3126: 3091: 3068: 2954:length of a module 2843:irreducible module 2808:injective envelope 2788: 2736: 2710: 2668: 2650: 2618: 2586: 2566: 2534: 2511: 2479: 2455: 2435: 2407: 2387: 2323:is the difference 2313: 2229: 2145: 2123: 2077: 2037: 2005:3.  The 1998:2.  The 1955: 1899: 1888: 1854: 1830: 1819: 1779: 1699: 1661: 1620: 1600: 1545: 1525: 1505: 1485: 1441:finitely generated 1429: 1415:finitely generated 1390: 1363: 1283:is the zero ideal. 1273: 1240: 1220: 1200: 1171: 1151: 1125: 1022:enough projectives 1004:2.  The 988:elementary divisor 930: 704:finitely presented 571: 551: 456: 382: 353: 329: 242: 222: 208:1.  The 5073:978-0-534-13776-2 5021:978-0-387-98428-5 4991:978-0-8247-8555-0 4764:{\displaystyle M} 4744:{\displaystyle N} 4724:{\displaystyle M} 4704:{\displaystyle R} 4675:structure theorem 4659:Smith normal form 4636:semisimple module 4470:. It is called a 4374:{\displaystyle R} 4323:{\displaystyle N} 4303:{\displaystyle M} 4283:{\displaystyle R} 4205:{\displaystyle M} 4131:{\displaystyle M} 4078: 3989:{\displaystyle R} 3976:, there exists a 3937:{\displaystyle R} 3882:{\displaystyle R} 3867:projective module 3858:{\displaystyle P} 3838:{\displaystyle R} 3802:primary submodule 3747:Noetherian module 3417:{\displaystyle R} 3397:{\displaystyle M} 3094:{\displaystyle R} 3071:{\displaystyle M} 2837:invertible module 2813:3.  An 2806:2.  An 2739:{\displaystyle I} 2686: 2589:{\displaystyle R} 2576:, there exists a 2537:{\displaystyle R} 2482:{\displaystyle R} 2458:{\displaystyle Q} 2438:{\displaystyle R} 2410:{\displaystyle f} 2148:{\displaystyle R} 2040:{\displaystyle R} 1982:Herbrand quotient 1976:Herbrand quotient 1871: 1857:{\displaystyle M} 1802: 1782:{\displaystyle M} 1702:{\displaystyle R} 1623:{\displaystyle F} 1603:{\displaystyle R} 1548:{\displaystyle R} 1528:{\displaystyle M} 1508:{\displaystyle M} 1432:{\displaystyle M} 1261: 1250:). Equivalently, 1243:{\displaystyle M} 1223:{\displaystyle x} 1174:{\displaystyle M} 1128:{\displaystyle M} 1017:enough injectives 1006:endomorphism ring 997:1.  An 771:continuous module 739:semisimple module 629:canonical divisor 574:{\displaystyle M} 554:{\displaystyle M} 514:Azumaya's theorem 440: 432: 403: 356:{\displaystyle R} 339:. It is a (left) 300: 292: 263: 245:{\displaystyle M} 225:{\displaystyle R} 5110: 5084: 5058: 5043:(3rd ed.). 5032: 5002: 4983: 4972: 4957:(1st ed.). 4956: 4803: 4801: 4800: 4795: 4770: 4768: 4767: 4762: 4750: 4748: 4747: 4742: 4730: 4728: 4727: 4722: 4710: 4708: 4707: 4702: 4603:sheaf of modules 4598:sheaf of modules 4572:Schanuel's lemma 4517:reflexive module 4469: 4467: 4466: 4461: 4430: 4428: 4427: 4422: 4380: 4378: 4377: 4372: 4360: 4358: 4357: 4352: 4347: 4329: 4327: 4326: 4321: 4310:and a submodule 4309: 4307: 4306: 4301: 4289: 4287: 4286: 4281: 4232:projective cover 4230:3.  A 4211: 4209: 4208: 4203: 4189: 4187: 4186: 4181: 4167: 4137: 4135: 4134: 4129: 4111: 4109: 4108: 4103: 4086: 4085: 4080: 4079: 4076: 4059: 4057: 4056: 4051: 4027: 4025: 4024: 4019: 3995: 3993: 3992: 3987: 3975: 3973: 3972: 3967: 3943: 3941: 3940: 3935: 3920: 3918: 3917: 3912: 3888: 3886: 3885: 3880: 3864: 3862: 3861: 3856: 3844: 3842: 3841: 3836: 3692: 3690: 3689: 3684: 3676: 3675: 3655: 3653: 3652: 3647: 3604: 3602: 3601: 3596: 3547: 3545: 3544: 3539: 3487: 3485: 3484: 3479: 3455: 3453: 3452: 3447: 3423: 3421: 3420: 3415: 3403: 3401: 3400: 3395: 3381:2.  A 3373: 3371: 3370: 3365: 3353: 3352: 3335: 3333: 3332: 3327: 3284: 3282: 3281: 3276: 3227: 3225: 3224: 3219: 3167: 3165: 3164: 3159: 3135: 3133: 3132: 3127: 3100: 3098: 3097: 3092: 3077: 3075: 3074: 3069: 3055:1.  A 2797: 2795: 2794: 2789: 2781: 2745: 2743: 2742: 2737: 2719: 2717: 2716: 2711: 2694: 2693: 2688: 2687: 2684: 2659: 2657: 2656: 2651: 2627: 2625: 2624: 2619: 2595: 2593: 2592: 2587: 2575: 2573: 2572: 2567: 2543: 2541: 2540: 2535: 2520: 2518: 2517: 2512: 2488: 2486: 2485: 2480: 2467:injective module 2464: 2462: 2461: 2456: 2444: 2442: 2441: 2436: 2425:1.  A 2416: 2414: 2413: 2408: 2396: 2394: 2393: 2388: 2322: 2320: 2319: 2314: 2238: 2236: 2235: 2230: 2228: 2227: 2154: 2152: 2151: 2146: 2135:homomorphism of 2132: 2130: 2129: 2124: 2122: 2121: 2109: 2108: 2086: 2084: 2083: 2078: 2076: 2075: 2063: 2062: 2046: 2044: 2043: 2038: 1964: 1962: 1961: 1956: 1954: 1953: 1935: 1934: 1925: 1924: 1908: 1906: 1905: 1900: 1898: 1897: 1887: 1886: 1863: 1861: 1860: 1855: 1839: 1837: 1836: 1831: 1829: 1828: 1818: 1817: 1788: 1786: 1785: 1780: 1760:global dimension 1708: 1706: 1705: 1700: 1670: 1668: 1667: 1662: 1657: 1656: 1629: 1627: 1626: 1621: 1609: 1607: 1606: 1601: 1554: 1552: 1551: 1546: 1534: 1532: 1531: 1526: 1514: 1512: 1511: 1506: 1494: 1492: 1491: 1486: 1484: 1483: 1459: 1458: 1438: 1436: 1435: 1430: 1403:2.  A 1399: 1397: 1396: 1391: 1389: 1388: 1372: 1370: 1369: 1364: 1356: 1355: 1343: 1342: 1319:1.  A 1282: 1280: 1279: 1274: 1263: 1262: 1259: 1249: 1247: 1246: 1241: 1229: 1227: 1226: 1221: 1209: 1207: 1206: 1201: 1180: 1178: 1177: 1172: 1160: 1158: 1157: 1152: 1134: 1132: 1131: 1126: 949:dualizing module 939: 937: 936: 931: 911: 910: 674:closed submodule 668:closed submodule 652:character module 625:canonical module 620:canonical module 585:Beauville–Laszlo 580: 578: 577: 572: 560: 558: 557: 552: 488:associated prime 482:associated prime 465: 463: 462: 457: 438: 437: 430: 405: 404: 401: 391: 389: 388: 383: 362: 360: 359: 354: 338: 336: 335: 330: 298: 297: 290: 265: 264: 261: 251: 249: 248: 243: 231: 229: 228: 223: 52: 5118: 5117: 5113: 5112: 5111: 5109: 5108: 5107: 5088: 5087: 5074: 5061: 5055: 5035: 5022: 5012:Springer-Verlag 5005: 4992: 4975: 4969: 4948: 4945: 4924: 4919: 4905: 4900: 4886: 4881: 4869: 4859: 4849: 4838: 4828: 4823: 4809: 4777: 4776: 4753: 4752: 4733: 4732: 4713: 4712: 4693: 4692: 4688: 4676: 4665: 4655: 4643: 4631: 4619: 4609: 4599: 4593:Shapiro's lemma 4589: 4578: 4568: 4563: 4534: 4524: 4512: 4502: 4490: 4485: 4472:quotient module 4433: 4432: 4383: 4382: 4363: 4362: 4335: 4334: 4312: 4311: 4292: 4291: 4272: 4271: 4267: 4255: 4250: 4239: 4194: 4193: 4160: 4143: 4142: 4120: 4119: 4073: 4068: 4067: 4030: 4029: 3998: 3997: 3978: 3977: 3946: 3945: 3926: 3925: 3891: 3890: 3871: 3870: 3847: 3846: 3827: 3826: 3808: 3798: 3786: 3774:perfect complex 3769: 3764: 3754: 3742: 3730: 3725: 3713:module spectrum 3708: 3707:module spectrum 3667: 3659: 3658: 3608: 3607: 3554: 3553: 3494: 3493: 3458: 3457: 3426: 3425: 3406: 3405: 3386: 3385: 3344: 3339: 3338: 3288: 3287: 3234: 3233: 3174: 3173: 3138: 3137: 3106: 3105: 3083: 3082: 3060: 3059: 3052: 3041: 3031: 3021: 3016: 2997:modules, where 2983: 2977:Linear topology 2965: 2949: 2944: 2930: 2920: 2912: 2901: 2891: 2886: 2874: 2869: 2856: 2844: 2832: 2822: 2774: 2751: 2750: 2728: 2727: 2681: 2676: 2675: 2630: 2629: 2598: 2597: 2578: 2577: 2546: 2545: 2526: 2525: 2491: 2490: 2471: 2470: 2447: 2446: 2427: 2426: 2422: 2399: 2398: 2325: 2324: 2293: 2292: 2285: 2273: 2261: 2256: 2244: 2219: 2159: 2158: 2137: 2136: 2113: 2100: 2089: 2088: 2067: 2054: 2049: 2048: 2029: 2028: 2024: 2014: 1989: 1977: 1972: 1939: 1926: 1916: 1911: 1910: 1889: 1866: 1865: 1846: 1845: 1820: 1791: 1790: 1771: 1770: 1766: 1756: 1744: 1732: 1727: 1714: 1691: 1690: 1682: 1676: 1648: 1640: 1639: 1612: 1611: 1592: 1591: 1587: 1577: 1571:Fitting's lemma 1560: 1537: 1536: 1517: 1516: 1497: 1496: 1475: 1450: 1445: 1444: 1421: 1420: 1416: 1380: 1375: 1374: 1347: 1334: 1329: 1328: 1316: 1304: 1288: 1252: 1251: 1232: 1231: 1212: 1211: 1183: 1182: 1163: 1162: 1137: 1136: 1117: 1116: 1114:faithful module 1109: 1104: 1075: 1065: 1055: 1031:Given a module 1028: 1013: 994: 984: 974: 973:Eilenberg–Mazur 969: 960:Drinfeld module 955: 945: 902: 897: 896: 884: 872: 860: 840: 835:dense submodule 832: 820: 808: 803: 789: 777: 767: 757: 746: 737:Synonymous to " 734: 723: 711: 700:coherent module 695: 685: 669: 658: 648: 636: 621: 616: 604: 596: 586: 563: 562: 543: 542: 538: 532:balanced module 528: 523: 510: 494: 483: 476:Artinian module 471: 394: 393: 368: 367: 345: 344: 254: 253: 234: 233: 214: 213: 205: 190: 185: 180: 179: 178: 177: 53: 50: 12: 11: 5: 5116: 5114: 5106: 5105: 5100: 5090: 5089: 5086: 5085: 5072: 5059: 5053: 5045:Addison-Wesley 5033: 5020: 5003: 4990: 4973: 4967: 4959:Addison-Wesley 4944: 4941: 4940: 4939: 4932: 4925: 4922: 4918: 4915: 4912: 4911: 4909:weak dimension 4906: 4903: 4899: 4896: 4895: 4894: 4891:uniform module 4887: 4884: 4880: 4877: 4876: 4875: 4870: 4867: 4865: 4860: 4857: 4855: 4850: 4847: 4845: 4839: 4836: 4834: 4829: 4826: 4822: 4819: 4818: 4817: 4810: 4807: 4805: 4793: 4790: 4787: 4784: 4760: 4740: 4720: 4700: 4689: 4686: 4684: 4677: 4674: 4672: 4666: 4663: 4661: 4656: 4653: 4651: 4644: 4641: 4639: 4632: 4629: 4627: 4620: 4617: 4615: 4610: 4607: 4605: 4600: 4597: 4595: 4590: 4587: 4585: 4579: 4576: 4574: 4569: 4566: 4562: 4559: 4558: 4557: 4535: 4532: 4530: 4525: 4522: 4520: 4513: 4510: 4508: 4503: 4500: 4498: 4491: 4488: 4484: 4481: 4480: 4479: 4459: 4456: 4453: 4449: 4446: 4443: 4440: 4420: 4417: 4414: 4411: 4408: 4405: 4402: 4399: 4396: 4393: 4390: 4370: 4350: 4346: 4342: 4332:quotient group 4319: 4299: 4279: 4268: 4265: 4263: 4256: 4253: 4249: 4246: 4245: 4243:pure submodule 4240: 4238:pure submodule 4237: 4235: 4228: 4221: 4220: 4219: 4218: 4215: 4214: 4213: 4201: 4191: 4179: 4176: 4173: 4170: 4166: 4163: 4159: 4156: 4153: 4150: 4139: 4127: 4117: 4101: 4098: 4095: 4092: 4089: 4084: 4049: 4046: 4043: 4040: 4037: 4017: 4014: 4011: 4008: 4005: 3985: 3965: 3962: 3959: 3956: 3953: 3933: 3910: 3907: 3904: 3901: 3898: 3878: 3854: 3834: 3809: 3806: 3804: 3799: 3796: 3794: 3787: 3784: 3782: 3780:perfect module 3778:2.   3776: 3772:1.   3770: 3767: 3763: 3760: 3759: 3758: 3755: 3752: 3750: 3743: 3740: 3738: 3731: 3728: 3724: 3721: 3720: 3709: 3706: 3704: 3697: 3696: 3695: 3694: 3693: 3682: 3679: 3674: 3670: 3666: 3656: 3645: 3642: 3639: 3636: 3633: 3630: 3627: 3624: 3621: 3618: 3615: 3605: 3594: 3591: 3588: 3585: 3582: 3579: 3576: 3573: 3570: 3567: 3564: 3561: 3550: 3549: 3537: 3534: 3531: 3528: 3525: 3522: 3519: 3516: 3513: 3510: 3507: 3504: 3501: 3477: 3474: 3471: 3468: 3465: 3445: 3442: 3439: 3436: 3433: 3413: 3404:over the ring 3393: 3379: 3378: 3377: 3376: 3375: 3374: 3363: 3360: 3357: 3351: 3347: 3336: 3325: 3322: 3319: 3316: 3313: 3310: 3307: 3304: 3301: 3298: 3295: 3285: 3274: 3271: 3268: 3265: 3262: 3259: 3256: 3253: 3250: 3247: 3244: 3241: 3230: 3229: 3217: 3214: 3211: 3208: 3205: 3202: 3199: 3196: 3193: 3190: 3187: 3184: 3181: 3157: 3154: 3151: 3148: 3145: 3125: 3122: 3119: 3116: 3113: 3090: 3067: 3053: 3050: 3048: 3042: 3040:Mittag-Leffler 3039: 3037: 3032: 3029: 3027: 3022: 3019: 3015: 3012: 3011: 3010: 2984: 2981: 2979: 2975:2.   2973: 2966: 2963: 2961: 2950: 2947: 2943: 2940: 2939: 2938: 2931: 2928: 2926: 2924:Koszul complex 2921: 2919:Koszul complex 2918: 2916: 2913: 2910: 2908: 2902: 2899: 2897: 2892: 2889: 2885: 2882: 2881: 2880: 2875: 2872: 2868: 2865: 2864: 2857: 2854: 2852: 2845: 2842: 2840: 2833: 2830: 2828: 2823: 2820: 2818: 2811: 2804: 2803: 2802: 2801: 2800: 2799: 2787: 2784: 2780: 2777: 2773: 2770: 2767: 2764: 2761: 2758: 2747: 2735: 2725: 2709: 2706: 2703: 2700: 2697: 2692: 2649: 2646: 2643: 2640: 2637: 2617: 2614: 2611: 2608: 2605: 2585: 2565: 2562: 2559: 2556: 2553: 2533: 2510: 2507: 2504: 2501: 2498: 2478: 2454: 2434: 2423: 2420: 2418: 2406: 2386: 2383: 2380: 2377: 2374: 2371: 2368: 2365: 2362: 2359: 2356: 2353: 2350: 2347: 2344: 2341: 2338: 2335: 2332: 2312: 2309: 2306: 2303: 2300: 2286: 2283: 2281: 2274: 2272:indecomposable 2271: 2269: 2262: 2259: 2255: 2252: 2251: 2250: 2245: 2242: 2240: 2226: 2222: 2218: 2215: 2212: 2209: 2206: 2203: 2200: 2196: 2193: 2190: 2187: 2184: 2181: 2178: 2175: 2172: 2169: 2166: 2144: 2120: 2116: 2112: 2107: 2103: 2099: 2096: 2074: 2070: 2066: 2061: 2057: 2036: 2025: 2022: 2020: 2015: 2012: 2010: 2003: 1996: 1992:1.   1990: 1987: 1985: 1978: 1975: 1971: 1968: 1967: 1966: 1952: 1949: 1946: 1942: 1938: 1933: 1929: 1923: 1919: 1896: 1892: 1885: 1881: 1878: 1874: 1853: 1827: 1823: 1816: 1812: 1809: 1805: 1801: 1798: 1778: 1767: 1764: 1762: 1757: 1754: 1752: 1749:generating set 1745: 1743:generating set 1742: 1740: 1733: 1730: 1726: 1723: 1722: 1721: 1715: 1712: 1710: 1698: 1683: 1680: 1678: 1660: 1655: 1651: 1647: 1636:tensor product 1619: 1599: 1588: 1585: 1583: 1578: 1575: 1573: 1569:2.   1567: 1563:1.   1561: 1558: 1556: 1544: 1524: 1504: 1482: 1478: 1474: 1471: 1468: 1465: 1462: 1457: 1453: 1428: 1417: 1414: 1412: 1401: 1387: 1383: 1362: 1359: 1354: 1350: 1346: 1341: 1337: 1317: 1314: 1312: 1305: 1302: 1300: 1289: 1286: 1284: 1272: 1269: 1266: 1239: 1219: 1199: 1196: 1193: 1190: 1170: 1150: 1147: 1144: 1124: 1110: 1107: 1103: 1100: 1099: 1098: 1076: 1073: 1071: 1066: 1063: 1061: 1059:exact sequence 1056: 1053: 1051: 1029: 1026: 1024: 1019: 1014: 1011: 1009: 1002: 995: 992: 990: 985: 982: 980: 975: 972: 968: 965: 964: 963: 956: 953: 951: 946: 943: 941: 929: 926: 923: 920: 917: 914: 909: 905: 895:is the module 885: 882: 880: 873: 870: 868: 861: 858: 856: 841: 838: 836: 833: 830: 828: 821: 818: 816: 809: 806: 802: 799: 798: 797: 790: 787: 785: 778: 775: 773: 768: 765: 763: 758: 755: 753: 747: 744: 742: 735: 732: 730: 728:compact module 724: 721: 719: 712: 709: 707: 696: 693: 691: 686: 684:Cohen–Macaulay 683: 681: 670: 667: 665: 659: 656: 654: 649: 646: 644: 637: 634: 632: 622: 619: 615: 612: 611: 610: 605: 602: 600: 597: 594: 592: 587: 584: 582: 570: 550: 539: 536: 534: 529: 526: 522: 519: 518: 517: 511: 508: 506: 495: 492: 490: 486:1.   484: 481: 479: 472: 469: 467: 455: 452: 449: 446: 443: 436: 429: 426: 423: 420: 417: 414: 411: 408: 381: 378: 375: 364: 352: 328: 325: 322: 319: 316: 312: 309: 306: 303: 296: 289: 286: 283: 280: 277: 274: 271: 268: 241: 221: 206: 203: 201: 191: 188: 184: 181: 176: 175: 170: 165: 160: 155: 150: 145: 140: 135: 130: 125: 120: 115: 110: 105: 100: 95: 90: 85: 80: 75: 70: 65: 60: 54: 49: 48: 46: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5115: 5104: 5103:Module theory 5101: 5099: 5096: 5095: 5093: 5083: 5079: 5075: 5069: 5065: 5060: 5056: 5054:0-201-55540-9 5050: 5046: 5042: 5038: 5034: 5031: 5027: 5023: 5017: 5013: 5009: 5004: 5001: 4997: 4993: 4987: 4982: 4981: 4974: 4970: 4968:0-521-64407-0 4964: 4960: 4955: 4954: 4947: 4946: 4942: 4937: 4933: 4930: 4926: 4921: 4916: 4914: 4910: 4907: 4902: 4897: 4892: 4888: 4883: 4878: 4874: 4871: 4866: 4864: 4861: 4856: 4854: 4851: 4846: 4844: 4840: 4835: 4833: 4830: 4825: 4820: 4815: 4811: 4806: 4791: 4788: 4785: 4782: 4774: 4758: 4738: 4718: 4698: 4690: 4685: 4682: 4678: 4673: 4671: 4667: 4662: 4660: 4657: 4652: 4649: 4648:simple module 4645: 4640: 4637: 4633: 4628: 4625: 4621: 4616: 4614: 4611: 4606: 4604: 4601: 4596: 4594: 4591: 4586: 4583: 4582:Schur's lemma 4580: 4575: 4573: 4570: 4565: 4560: 4555: 4551: 4547: 4543: 4539: 4536: 4531: 4529: 4526: 4521: 4518: 4514: 4509: 4507: 4504: 4499: 4496: 4492: 4487: 4482: 4477: 4476:factor module 4473: 4457: 4454: 4451: 4447: 4444: 4441: 4438: 4418: 4415: 4412: 4409: 4406: 4400: 4397: 4394: 4388: 4368: 4348: 4344: 4340: 4333: 4317: 4297: 4277: 4270:Given a left 4269: 4264: 4261: 4257: 4252: 4247: 4244: 4241: 4236: 4233: 4229: 4226: 4222: 4216: 4199: 4192: 4177: 4171: 4164: 4161: 4154: 4148: 4140: 4125: 4118: 4115: 4096: 4093: 4090: 4082: 4065: 4064: 4062: 4061: 4047: 4044: 4041: 4038: 4035: 4015: 4009: 4006: 4003: 3983: 3963: 3957: 3954: 3951: 3931: 3924: 3908: 3902: 3899: 3896: 3876: 3868: 3852: 3832: 3821: 3820: 3814: 3810: 3805: 3803: 3800: 3795: 3792: 3788: 3783: 3781: 3777: 3775: 3771: 3766: 3761: 3756: 3751: 3748: 3744: 3739: 3736: 3732: 3727: 3722: 3718: 3714: 3710: 3705: 3702: 3698: 3680: 3677: 3672: 3668: 3664: 3657: 3640: 3637: 3631: 3628: 3625: 3619: 3616: 3606: 3592: 3589: 3586: 3583: 3580: 3577: 3574: 3568: 3565: 3562: 3552: 3551: 3535: 3532: 3529: 3526: 3523: 3517: 3514: 3511: 3508: 3505: 3502: 3492: 3491: 3490: 3489: 3475: 3469: 3466: 3463: 3440: 3437: 3434: 3411: 3391: 3384: 3380: 3361: 3358: 3355: 3349: 3345: 3337: 3323: 3317: 3314: 3308: 3302: 3299: 3293: 3286: 3272: 3269: 3266: 3263: 3260: 3257: 3251: 3248: 3245: 3239: 3232: 3231: 3215: 3212: 3209: 3206: 3203: 3197: 3194: 3191: 3188: 3185: 3182: 3172: 3171: 3170: 3169: 3155: 3149: 3146: 3143: 3120: 3117: 3114: 3104: 3103:abelian group 3088: 3081: 3065: 3058: 3054: 3049: 3046: 3043: 3038: 3036: 3033: 3028: 3026: 3025:Matlis module 3023: 3020:Matlis module 3018: 3013: 3008: 3004: 3000: 2996: 2992: 2988: 2985: 2980: 2978: 2974: 2971: 2967: 2962: 2959: 2955: 2951: 2946: 2941: 2936: 2932: 2929:Krull–Schmidt 2927: 2925: 2922: 2917: 2914: 2909: 2906: 2903: 2898: 2896: 2893: 2888: 2883: 2879: 2876: 2871: 2866: 2862: 2858: 2853: 2850: 2849:simple module 2846: 2841: 2838: 2834: 2829: 2827: 2824: 2819: 2816: 2812: 2809: 2805: 2785: 2778: 2775: 2768: 2762: 2756: 2748: 2733: 2726: 2723: 2704: 2701: 2698: 2690: 2673: 2672: 2670: 2669: 2664: 2647: 2644: 2641: 2638: 2635: 2615: 2609: 2606: 2603: 2583: 2563: 2557: 2554: 2551: 2531: 2524: 2508: 2502: 2499: 2496: 2476: 2468: 2465:is called an 2452: 2432: 2424: 2419: 2404: 2378: 2372: 2369: 2363: 2360: 2357: 2348: 2342: 2339: 2333: 2330: 2310: 2304: 2301: 2298: 2291: 2287: 2282: 2279: 2275: 2270: 2267: 2263: 2258: 2253: 2249: 2246: 2241: 2224: 2220: 2216: 2213: 2210: 2207: 2204: 2201: 2191: 2188: 2182: 2179: 2173: 2167: 2164: 2156: 2142: 2118: 2114: 2105: 2101: 2097: 2094: 2072: 2068: 2064: 2059: 2055: 2034: 2027:For two left 2026: 2021: 2019: 2016: 2011: 2008: 2004: 2001: 1997: 1995: 1991: 1986: 1983: 1979: 1974: 1969: 1950: 1947: 1944: 1940: 1936: 1931: 1927: 1921: 1917: 1894: 1890: 1879: 1876: 1872: 1851: 1843: 1842:graded module 1825: 1821: 1810: 1807: 1803: 1799: 1796: 1776: 1768: 1763: 1761: 1758: 1753: 1750: 1746: 1741: 1738: 1737:Galois module 1734: 1729: 1724: 1719: 1716: 1711: 1696: 1688: 1684: 1679: 1674: 1658: 1653: 1649: 1645: 1637: 1633: 1617: 1597: 1589: 1584: 1582: 1579: 1574: 1572: 1568: 1566: 1565:fitting ideal 1562: 1557: 1542: 1522: 1502: 1480: 1476: 1472: 1469: 1466: 1463: 1460: 1455: 1451: 1442: 1426: 1418: 1413: 1410: 1406: 1402: 1385: 1381: 1360: 1352: 1348: 1339: 1335: 1326: 1322: 1318: 1313: 1310: 1306: 1303:finite length 1301: 1298: 1294: 1293:finite module 1290: 1285: 1267: 1237: 1217: 1197: 1194: 1191: 1188: 1168: 1148: 1145: 1142: 1122: 1115: 1111: 1106: 1101: 1096: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1077: 1072: 1070: 1067: 1062: 1060: 1057: 1052: 1049: 1045: 1041: 1038: 1034: 1030: 1025: 1023: 1020: 1018: 1015: 1010: 1007: 1003: 1000: 996: 991: 989: 986: 981: 979: 976: 971: 966: 961: 957: 952: 950: 947: 942: 924: 921: 918: 912: 907: 903: 894: 890: 886: 881: 878: 874: 869: 866: 862: 857: 854: 850: 846: 842: 837: 834: 829: 826: 822: 819:decomposition 817: 814: 810: 805: 800: 795: 794:cyclic module 791: 786: 783: 779: 774: 772: 769: 764: 762: 759: 754: 751: 748: 743: 740: 736: 731: 729: 725: 720: 717: 713: 708: 705: 701: 697: 692: 690: 687: 682: 679: 675: 671: 666: 663: 662:chain complex 660: 657:chain complex 655: 653: 650: 645: 642: 638: 633: 630: 626: 623: 618: 613: 609: 606: 601: 598: 593: 591: 588: 583: 568: 548: 540: 535: 533: 530: 525: 520: 515: 512: 507: 504: 500: 496: 491: 489: 485: 480: 477: 473: 468: 450: 447: 444: 441: 427: 424: 421: 415: 409: 379: 376: 373: 365: 350: 342: 323: 320: 317: 310: 307: 304: 301: 287: 284: 281: 275: 269: 239: 219: 211: 207: 202: 199: 196:(also called 195: 192: 187: 182: 174: 171: 169: 166: 164: 161: 159: 156: 154: 151: 149: 146: 144: 141: 139: 136: 134: 131: 129: 126: 124: 121: 119: 116: 114: 111: 109: 106: 104: 101: 99: 96: 94: 91: 89: 86: 84: 81: 79: 76: 74: 71: 69: 66: 64: 61: 59: 56: 55: 45: 43: 42: 37: 36: 31: 30: 24: 22: 18: 17:Module theory 5063: 5040: 5007: 4979: 4952: 4913: 4858:torsion-free 4553: 4552:-modules to 4549: 4545: 4541: 4475: 3865:is called a 3817: 3383:right module 3006: 3003:localization 2998: 2994: 2990: 2982:localization 2023:homomorphism 1630:is called a 1324: 1323:of a module 1094: 1093:-modules to 1090: 1086: 1082: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1032: 999:endomorphism 993:endomorphism 892: 888: 859:differential 852: 848: 503:endomorphism 499:automorphism 493:automorphism 39: 33: 27: 25: 15: 4929:zero module 4868:torsionless 4853:Tor functor 4837:topological 4664:stably free 4613:snake lemma 4548:to convert 4533:restriction 4381:-module by 3869:if given a 3057:left module 2993:modules to 2861:isomorphism 2855:isomorphism 2469:if given a 2248:Hom functor 1687:free module 1632:flat module 1089:to convert 1069:Ext functor 1064:Ext functor 883:dual module 845:determinant 839:determinant 756:composition 752:of a module 392:is the set 252:is the set 210:annihilator 204:annihilator 5092:Categories 5037:Serge Lang 4943:References 4630:semisimple 4528:resolution 4523:resolution 4028:such that 3923:surjective 3807:projective 3741:Noetherian 2831:invertible 2826:invariants 2628:such that 2266:idempotent 2260:idempotent 2133:is called 1581:Five lemma 1291:The term " 983:elementary 871:direct sum 766:continuous 750:completion 745:completion 212:of a left 173:References 26:See also: 4789:⊂ 4773:submodule 4687:submodule 4556:-modules. 4511:reflexive 4455:∈ 4442:∈ 4190:is split. 4175:→ 4169:→ 4158:→ 4152:→ 4097:− 4039:∘ 4013:→ 3961:→ 3906:→ 3785:principal 3729:nilpotent 3533:∈ 3521:∀ 3512:∈ 3500:∀ 3473:→ 3467:× 3213:∈ 3201:∀ 3192:∈ 3180:∀ 3153:→ 3147:× 3078:over the 2989:converts 2958:dimension 2900:Kaplansky 2821:invariant 2798:is split. 2783:→ 2772:→ 2766:→ 2760:→ 2699:− 2639:∘ 2613:→ 2561:→ 2523:injective 2521:, and an 2506:→ 2421:injective 2373:⁡ 2364:⁡ 2358:− 2343:⁡ 2334:⁡ 2308:→ 2217:∈ 2205:∈ 2199:∀ 2183:ϕ 2168:ϕ 2111:→ 2095:ϕ 2047:-modules 1937:⊆ 1880:∈ 1873:⨁ 1811:∈ 1804:⨁ 1769:A module 1650:⊗ 1646:− 1419:A module 1358:→ 1345:→ 1210:for some 1195:≠ 1146:∈ 1097:-modules. 1074:extension 1027:essential 944:dualizing 913:⁡ 647:character 425:∈ 377:∈ 321:∈ 315:∀ 285:∈ 5039:(1993). 4711:-module 4691:Given a 4567:Schanuel 4501:rational 4290:-module 4266:quotient 4165:′ 3921:, and a 3845:-module 3717:spectrum 2873:Jacobson 2779:′ 2445:-module 2155:-modules 1638:functor 1610:-module 1108:faithful 954:Drinfeld 813:D-module 716:cokernel 710:cokernel 694:coherent 635:category 608:bimodule 603:bimodule 527:balanced 470:Artinian 232:-module 168:See also 5082:1096302 5041:Algebra 5030:1653294 5000:1201818 4885:uniform 4808:support 4588:Shapiro 4489:radical 3819:lifting 3797:primary 3768:perfect 1988:Hilbert 1634:if the 1559:fitting 722:compact 509:Azumaya 21:modules 5080:  5070:  5051:  5028:  5018:  4998:  4988:  4965:  4827:tensor 4642:simple 4330:, the 3753:normal 3101:is an 3051:module 2964:linear 2948:length 2911:kernel 2361:length 2331:length 1765:graded 1755:global 1731:Galois 1373:where 1309:length 1287:finite 1012:enough 788:cyclic 501:is an 439:  431:  299:  291:  4771:is a 4654:Smith 4624:socle 4618:socle 4608:snake 4577:Schur 4114:exact 3715:is a 3001:is a 2722:exact 2340:coker 2284:index 1840:is a 1673:exact 1054:exact 1035:, an 831:dense 537:basis 341:ideal 5068:ISBN 5049:ISBN 5016:ISBN 4986:ISBN 4963:ISBN 4923:zero 4904:weak 4812:The 4679:The 4622:The 4493:The 4431:for 4258:The 3080:ring 3047:(ML) 2952:The 2933:The 2288:The 1909:and 1681:free 1586:flat 1576:five 843:The 714:The 639:The 4848:Tor 4775:if 4751:of 4544:to 4474:or 4112:is 4077:Hom 3005:of 2859:An 2835:An 2720:is 2685:Hom 2370:ker 2276:An 2264:An 2243:Hom 2157:if 1844:if 1671:is 1495:in 1439:is 1260:Ann 1230:in 1161:on 1085:to 1042:of 904:Hom 595:big 497:An 474:An 402:Ann 343:of 262:Ann 163:XYZ 5094:: 5078:MR 5076:, 5047:. 5026:MR 5024:, 5014:, 4996:MR 4994:, 4961:. 4889:A 4841:A 4668:A 4646:A 4634:A 4515:A 4060:. 3825:A 3789:A 3745:A 3733:A 3711:A 2660:. 1980:A 1735:A 1685:A 1590:A 1112:A 958:A 875:A 863:A 823:A 811:A 780:A 741:". 726:A 698:A 416::= 276::= 44:. 38:, 32:, 5057:. 4971:. 4917:Z 4898:W 4879:U 4821:T 4804:. 4792:N 4786:N 4783:R 4759:M 4739:N 4719:M 4699:R 4561:S 4554:R 4550:S 4546:S 4542:R 4483:R 4478:. 4458:M 4452:m 4448:, 4445:R 4439:r 4419:N 4416:+ 4413:m 4410:r 4407:= 4404:) 4401:N 4398:+ 4395:m 4392:( 4389:r 4369:R 4349:N 4345:/ 4341:M 4318:N 4298:M 4278:R 4248:Q 4200:M 4178:0 4172:P 4162:L 4155:L 4149:0 4126:M 4116:. 4100:) 4094:, 4091:P 4088:( 4083:R 4048:g 4045:= 4042:h 4036:f 4016:N 4010:P 4007:: 4004:h 3984:R 3964:M 3958:N 3955:: 3952:f 3932:R 3909:M 3903:P 3900:: 3897:g 3877:R 3853:P 3833:R 3822:. 3762:P 3723:N 3703:. 3681:m 3678:= 3673:R 3669:1 3665:m 3644:) 3641:m 3638:s 3635:( 3632:r 3629:= 3626:r 3623:) 3620:s 3617:m 3614:( 3593:r 3590:n 3587:+ 3584:r 3581:m 3578:= 3575:r 3572:) 3569:n 3566:+ 3563:m 3560:( 3548:, 3536:M 3530:n 3527:, 3524:m 3518:, 3515:R 3509:s 3506:, 3503:r 3476:M 3470:R 3464:M 3444:) 3441:+ 3438:, 3435:M 3432:( 3412:R 3392:M 3362:m 3359:= 3356:m 3350:R 3346:1 3324:m 3321:) 3318:s 3315:r 3312:( 3309:= 3306:) 3303:m 3300:s 3297:( 3294:r 3273:n 3270:r 3267:+ 3264:m 3261:r 3258:= 3255:) 3252:n 3249:+ 3246:m 3243:( 3240:r 3228:, 3216:M 3210:n 3207:, 3204:m 3198:, 3195:R 3189:s 3186:, 3183:r 3156:M 3150:M 3144:R 3124:) 3121:+ 3118:, 3115:M 3112:( 3089:R 3066:M 3014:M 3009:. 3007:R 2999:S 2995:S 2991:R 2972:. 2960:. 2942:L 2884:K 2867:J 2851:. 2786:0 2776:L 2769:L 2763:I 2757:0 2734:I 2724:. 2708:) 2705:I 2702:, 2696:( 2691:R 2648:g 2645:= 2642:h 2636:f 2616:Q 2610:Y 2607:: 2604:h 2584:R 2564:Y 2558:X 2555:: 2552:f 2532:R 2509:Q 2503:X 2500:: 2497:g 2477:R 2453:Q 2433:R 2405:f 2385:) 2382:) 2379:f 2376:( 2367:( 2355:) 2352:) 2349:f 2346:( 2337:( 2311:M 2305:M 2302:: 2299:f 2254:I 2239:. 2225:1 2221:M 2214:m 2211:, 2208:R 2202:r 2195:) 2192:m 2189:r 2186:( 2180:= 2177:) 2174:m 2171:( 2165:r 2143:R 2119:2 2115:M 2106:1 2102:M 2098:: 2073:2 2069:M 2065:, 2060:1 2056:M 2035:R 1970:H 1965:. 1951:j 1948:+ 1945:i 1941:M 1932:j 1928:M 1922:i 1918:A 1895:i 1891:M 1884:N 1877:i 1852:M 1826:n 1822:A 1815:N 1808:n 1800:= 1797:A 1777:M 1725:G 1720:. 1709:. 1697:R 1675:. 1659:F 1654:R 1618:F 1598:R 1555:. 1543:R 1523:M 1503:M 1481:n 1477:x 1473:, 1470:. 1467:. 1464:. 1461:, 1456:1 1452:x 1427:M 1411:. 1386:i 1382:F 1361:M 1353:0 1349:F 1340:1 1336:F 1325:M 1299:. 1271:) 1268:M 1265:( 1238:M 1218:x 1198:0 1192:x 1189:r 1169:M 1149:R 1143:r 1123:M 1102:F 1095:S 1091:R 1087:S 1083:R 1048:M 1044:M 1040:N 1033:M 967:E 940:. 928:) 925:R 922:, 919:M 916:( 908:R 893:R 889:M 853:r 849:r 807:D 801:D 706:. 680:. 631:) 614:C 569:M 549:M 521:B 466:. 454:} 451:0 448:= 445:m 442:r 435:| 428:R 422:r 419:{ 413:) 410:m 407:( 380:M 374:m 363:. 351:R 327:} 324:M 318:m 311:0 308:= 305:m 302:r 295:| 288:R 282:r 279:{ 273:) 270:M 267:( 240:M 220:R 183:A 158:W 153:U 148:T 143:S 138:R 133:Q 128:P 123:N 118:M 113:L 108:K 103:J 98:I 93:H 88:G 83:F 78:E 73:D 68:C 63:B 58:A

Index

Module theory
modules
Glossary of linear algebra
Glossary of ring theory
Glossary of representation theory
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
P
Q
R
S
T
U
W
XYZ
See also
References
algebraically compact module

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

↑