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890:. The influence of Googie was prominently seen in the architecture and signage of Los Angeles and Las Vegas circa 1945–1970, where many of the same architects who designed Googie coffee shops in Los Angeles went on to design some of the seminal hotels and casinos in Las Vegas. Private clients were the main patrons of Googie. Ultimately, the style became unfashionable and, over time, numerous examples of the Googie style have either fallen into disrepair or been destroyed completely.
261:
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364:, where business hubs could be interspersed with residential areas. The suburbs offered less congestion by offering the same businesses, but accessible by car. Instead of one main store downtown, businesses now had multiple stores in suburban areas. This new trend required owners and architects to develop a visual imagery so customers would recognize it from the road. This modern consumer architecture was based on communication.
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842:, a "Doo Wop Preservation League" works with local business and property owners, city planning and zoning officials, and the state's historic preservation office, to help ensure that the remaining historic structures will be preserved. Wildwood's high-rise hotel district has been the first in the US to enforce "Doo Wop" design guidelines for new construction.
863:, extending and reinterpreting technological themes for the new conditions of the 1950s. While 1930s architecture was relatively simple, Googie embraced opulence. Hess argues that the reason for this was that the vision of the future of the 1930s was obsolete by 1950 and thus the architecture evolved along with it. During the 1930s, Streamlined trains and
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804:, most developers did not think they were worth preserving as cultural artifacts. The publication of Googie by Alan Hess in 1986 inspired a new appreciation for the style. Despite the humble origins of Googie, Hess writes that, "Googie architecture is an important part of the history of suburbia." Googie was a symbol of the
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during the 1930s; though he did not have formal training as an architect, he had been offered a scholarship at the architecture school at the
University of Pennsylvania because of his skill. McAllister developed a brand for coffee shop chains by developing a style for each client – which also allowed
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and travel during the 1930s, Streamline
Moderne became popular because of the high energy silhouettes its sleek designs created. These buildings featured rounded edges, large pylons and neon lights, all symbolizing, according to Hess, "invisible forces of speed and energy", that reflect the influx of
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Editor
Douglas Haskell described the abstract Googie style, saying that "If it looks like a bird, this must be a geometric bird." Also, the buildings must appear to defy gravity, as Haskell noted: "whenever possible, the building must hang from the sky". Haskell's third tenet for Googie was that it
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The new smaller suburban drive-in restaurants were essentially architectural signboards advertising the business to vehicles on the road. This was achieved by using bold style choices, including large pylons with elevated signs, bold neon letters and circular pavilions. Hess writes that because of
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It was the 1950s. America was a superpower, and the Los
Angeles area was a center of it. The space race was on. A car culture was emerging. So were millions of postwar babies. Businesses needed ways to get families out of their automobiles and into coffee shops, bowling alleys, gas stations and
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had advanced car-oriented architectural design, as they were built with an expressive utilitarian style, circular and surrounded by a parking lot, allowing all customers equal access from their cars. These developments in consumer-oriented design set the stage for Googie during the 1950s, since
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during the early 1990s to describe the unique, space-age architectural style. Many of
Wildwood's Doo-Wop motels were built by Lou Morey, who specialized in such designs. His Ebb Tide Motel, built during 1957 and demolished during 2003, is credited as the first Doo-Wop motel in Wildwood Crest.
318:
Though
Haskell coined the term Googie and was an advocate of modernism, he did not appreciate the Googie aesthetic. In his article he used the fictional Professor Thrugg's overly effusive praise to mock Googie, at the same time lampooning Hollywood, which he felt informed the aesthetic.
797:, shunned Googie. As Hess notes, beginning during the 1970s, commercial buildings were meant to blend into the urban environment and not attract attention. By the mid 1960s, the novelty of Googie was starting to wane and there was a backlash against the flashy style.
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Googie-style signs usually boast sharp and bold angles, intended to suggest the aerodynamic features of a rocket ship. Also, at the time, the unique architecture was a form of architectural expressionism, as space rockets were technological novelties at the time.
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The boomerang shape was another design element that captured movement. It was used structurally in place of a pillar or aesthetically as a stylized arrow. Hess writes that the boomerang was a stylistic rendering of a directional energy field.
743:, features an array of motel designs, colorfully described by such sub-styles as Vroom, Pu-Pu Platter, Phony Colonee and more. The district is known collectively as the Wildwoods Shore Resort Historic District by the State of New Jersey.
428:, so, in order to draw their attention, architects used these as motifs in their work. Buildings had been used to catch the attention of motorists since the invention of the car, but during the 1950s the style became more widespread.
310:
were driving through Los
Angeles one day. Haskell insisted on stopping the car upon seeing Googies and proclaimed "This is Googie architecture." He popularized the name after an article he wrote appeared in a 1952 edition of
793:, Googie began to fall out of style. The architectural community rarely appreciated or accepted Googie, considering it too flashy and vernacular for academic praise, and so the architecture of the 1970s, especially the
624:. The ornamental design is in the form of, as Hess writes, "a high-energy explosion". This shape is an example of non-utilitarian design, as the star shape has no actual function but merely serves as a design element.
850:
The architect
Michael Hsu designed multiple restaurants for the Austin-based restaurant P. Terry's in the Googie style. Each location is uniquely designed, featuring oblique shapes, color, and large geometric roofs.
355:
during the 1930s was characterized by the initial influx of the automobile and the service industry that evolved to cater to it. With car ownership increasing, cities no longer had to be centered on a central
283:, which had distinct architectural characteristics. The name "Googie" had been a family nickname of Lillian K. Burton, the wife of the restaurant's original owner, Mortimer C. Burton, and aunt of musician
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have more than one theme—more than one structural system. Because of its need to be noticed from moving automobiles along the commercial strip, Googie was not a style noted for its subtlety.
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after its demolition on
January 7, 2007. Many Googie structures have fallen into disrepair or been destroyed. (This one was rebuilt incorporating the surviving architectural elements.)
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663:, was partially demolished in 2006. However, through the efforts of citizens, the city of Downey, and historic preservationists, the structure was rebuilt and reopened in 2009 as a
620:: Starbursts are an ornament that is common with the Googie style, showing its Space Age and whimsical influences. Perhaps the most notable example of the starburst appears on the
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Streamline
Moderne, much like Googie, was styled to look futuristic to signal the beginning of a new era – that of the automobile and other technologies. Drive-in services such as
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600:: This is the one particular element in which architects were creating a unique structure. Many Googie style coffee shops, and other structures, have a roof that appears to be
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administrations made competing with the Soviets for dominance in space a national priority of considerable urgency and importance. This marked the beginning of the so-called "
244:
style of the 1910s–1930s, Googie became less valued as time passed, and many buildings in this style have been destroyed. Some examples have been preserved, though, such as
408:
With the increasing prosperity of the United States during the 1950s, however, American designers celebrated this new affluence with optimistic designs. The development of
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420:, diagonals, atomic bursts and bright colors. According to Hess, commercial architecture was influenced by the desires of the mass audience. The public was captivated by
1857:"WINDSOR HILLS : Happy Days to Health Food for This Landmark : Renovation: A '50s-style coffee shop, the Wich Stand, gets new life as a Simply Wholesome store"
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captivated the public's imagination of the future. Googie architecture exploited this trend by incorporating energy into its design with elements such as the
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motif. These stylistic conventions represented American society's fascination with Space Age themes and marketing emphasis on futuristic designs. As with the
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had been advanced technology, and Streamline Moderne paralleled their smooth simplified aerodynamic exteriors. That simplicity may have represented the
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in 1958. This terminal exemplifies the dramatic roof slope, large windows, and generous use of concrete, somewhat similar to Saarinen's
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period at the end of the 20th century. The common elements that generally distinguish Googie from other forms of architecture are:
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during the 1940s World War II and rationing caused a pause of development because of the imposed frugality on the American public.
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motels. They needed bright signs and designs showing that the future was now. They needed color and new ideas. They needed Googie.
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451:. McAllister got his start designing fashionable restaurants in Southern California, which led to a series of Streamline Moderne
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Drive-In in Hollywood. Despite the loss of these and the original Googie's in Hollywood, other Googie coffee shops including
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America's interest in spaceflight had a significant influence on the unique style of Googie architecture. During the 1950s,
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911:. Googie was also the inspiration for the background art style of animated television series and movies such as
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Modern Committee, which was formed in 1984 in response to the demolition of Ship's coffee shop in Westwood and
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One of the earliest organizations in the US that advocated for the preservation of Googie architecture was the
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on buildings marked Googie architecture, which was contemptible to some architects of then-current High Art
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have received historic designations. The world's oldest McDonald's in Downey and the earliest remaining
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One of the remaining Googie-styled drive-in restaurants, Harvey's Broiler (Paul Clayton, 1958), later
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architecture of the 1930s, and was popular in the United States from roughly 1945 to the early 1970s.
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but was demolished in 1989. The name Googie became a rubric for the architectural style when editor
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Another remaining example of Googie architecture still in operation is the main terminal at
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firm, which they founded in 1947. Also instrumental in developing the style was designer
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The identity of the first architect to practice in the style is often disputed, though
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of an inverted obtuse triangle. An example of this is the famous, but now closed,
483:. Joining the firm during 1951, she created such Googie interiors as those of the
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1978:
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216:. Googie was also characterized by Space Age designs symbolic of motion, such as
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2190:- Documenting Googie style motels surrounding Disneyland in Anaheim, California
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Why Do Bad Guys Always Get The Best Houses? October 31 by Rory Stott ArchDaily
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was one early and influential architect in starting the style with his 1949
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Googie-themed architecture was popular among roadside businesses, including
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Orange Roofs, Golden Arches: The Architecture of American Chain Restaurants
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built with the same principles developed to serve the new American city.
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1565:"L.A. to consider preservation of Googie-style Norms on La Cienega"
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Patio tables at the Bob's Big Boy restaurant in Burbank, California
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Books are arranged in chronological order by year of publication:
1255:"Eldon Davis dies at 94; architect designed 'Googie' coffee shops"
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Googie architecture developed from the futuristic architecture of
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347:, one of the most knowledgeable writers on the subject, writes in
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structures, acute angles, illuminated plastic paneling, freeform
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Preservation groups working to save Googie architecture include
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1919:"Iconic Googie Gas Station in Waco: Googie Architecture Revival"
225:
213:
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Along with McAllister, the prolific Googie architects included
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2209:- Documenting "Doo Wop" (Googie) architecture in Wildwood, NJ
1958:
The Metropolitan Frontier: Cities in the Modern American West
1826:"Johnie's Coffee Shop named an L.A. landmark by City Council"
893:
The exaggerated, once-futuristic Googie style exemplified in
83:
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502:
became a reality for the first time in history. In 1957 the
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The origin of the name Googie dates to 1949, when architect
89:
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Googie style Satellite Hotel in Colorado Springs, Colorado
2083:
LA Lost and Found: An Architectural History of Los Angeles
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86:
80:
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nservation of buildings, sites and neighborhoods of the
1294:
Doo Wop Motels: Architectural Treasures of The Wildwoods
2249:
1795:"Norms restaurant designated as L.A. historic monument"
200:
Features of Googie include upswept roofs, curvilinear,
189:. Similar architectural styles are also referred to as
1023:
List of Googie architecture structures (United States)
30:"Googie" redirects here. For the British actress, see
456:
customers to easily recognize a store from the road.
157:. The style later became widely known as part of the
107:
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on Wilshire Boulevard and Fairfax Avenue, the first
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1680:. Doowopstuff.com. October 29, 2007. Archived from
1183:
Looking Beyond the Highway: Dixie Roads and Culture
835:in Burbank, have also been preserved and restored.
77:
2107:by Eric P. Nash and Randall C. Robinson, Jr., 2004
1955:
1902:. Austin: Structures. May 19, 2013. Archived from
1624:"The '50s and '60s Thrive In Retro Doo-Wop Motels"
1469:
1467:
2069:Populuxe: the Look and Life of Midcentury America
1144:
1142:
1140:
705:Classic locations for Googie style buildings are
2230:"Populuxe in Niagara Falls (feat. Skylon Tower)"
2203:- Documenting Googie architecture in Seattle, WA
800:Since Googie buildings were usually part of the
1980:Googie Redux: Ultramodern Roadside Architecture
1017:List of Googie architecture structures (Canada)
636:One of the more famous Googie buildings is the
874:The eye-catching Googie style flourished in a
2890:
2313:
1079:"Out Of This World: Designs Of The Space Age"
8:
2111:The Leisure Architecture of Wayne McAllister
1704:"Wildwood Crest Historical Society Web site"
1336:
1334:
1105:"Go on a SoCal hunt for Googie architecture"
746:The term "doo-wop" was used by New Jersey's
1609:
1607:
1605:
944:The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron: Boy Genius
349:Googie: Ultra Modern Road Side Architecture
2897:
2883:
2875:
2320:
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2085:by Sam Hall Kaplan, 1987, pp. 145–155
1180:Stager, Claudette; Carver, Martha (2006).
959:, as well as the cover of the faux-memoir
1517:
1515:
1248:
1246:
1186:. Univ. of Tennessee Press. p. 158.
27:20th-century American architectural style
2245:Los Angeles Conservancy Modern Committee
2172:) is being considered for deletion. See
2005:Googie: Fifties Coffee Shop Architecture
1896:"Structures P. Terry's – 32nd and Lamar"
1824:Sailant, Catherine (November 27, 2013).
1563:Reyes, Emily Alpert (January 16, 2015).
1307:
1305:
1303:
735:Wildwoods Shore Resort Historic District
700:Wildwoods Shore Resort Historic District
306:magazine and architectural photographer
1805:from the original on September 26, 2020
1151:"Googie: Architecture of the Space Age"
1066:
672:Washington Dulles International Airport
644:(LAX), designed by James Langenheim of
232:, and free-form designs such as "soft"
161:style, elements of which represent the
1313:"Doo Wop Preservation League Web site"
907:) gave birth several decades later to
34:. For the American percussionist, see
1867:from the original on October 16, 2020
1253:Nelson, Valerie J. (April 26, 2011).
1103:Friedlander, Whitney (May 18, 2008).
614:on Wilshire Boulevard in Los Angeles.
290:Googies was located at the corner of
7:
2101:by Nathan Marsak and Nigel Cox, 2002
1836:from the original on October 8, 2020
1654:. WildwoodDooWop.com. Archived from
622:"Welcome to Fabulous Las Vegas" sign
2157:The 1964-1965 New York World's Fair
1414:. February 25, 1952. Archived from
1220:The 1964-1965 New York World's Fair
463:, Douglas Honnold, and the team of
2188:Synthetrix Photos Of The Forgotten
1222:. Arcadia Publishing. p. 51.
1214:Cotter, Bill; Young, Bill (2004).
565:Welcome to Fabulous Las Vegas sign
25:
2906:Architecture of the United States
2176:to help reach a consensus. ›
2003:(previously published in 1986 as
1855:Chastang, Carol (April 9, 1995).
1522:Bob's Big Boy (January 1, 1970).
978:1950s American automobile culture
642:Los Angeles International Airport
339:Googie's beginnings are with the
2851:
2260:Recent Past Preservation Network
1983:. Chronicle Books. p. 222.
1500:Hess 2004, p. 47 and pp. 192–193
785:, and the de-escalations of the
748:Mid-Atlantic Center for the Arts
598:Roofs sloping at an upward angle
518:, into Earth orbit in 1961. The
73:
3219:Sarasota School of Architecture
1962:. University of Arizona Press.
1793:Parvini, Sarah (May 20, 2015).
1315:. Doowopusa.org. Archived from
770:After the 1960s, following the
589:, but had defenders during the
2089:Southern California in the 50s
886:architecture and above all in
739:The beachfront resort town of
717:designers; the first phase of
1:
3694:American architectural styles
3344:Building types and vernacular
2250:Palm Springs Modern Committee
2152:Roadside Peek: Googie Central
1149:Novak, Matt (June 15, 2012).
2287:Los Angeles Conservancy home
1925:. MotorTexas. Archived from
878:atmosphere along multi-lane
360:but could spread out to the
2255:Doo Wop Preservation League
2105:Mimo: Miami Modern Revealed
553:, Los Angeles, designed by
343:architecture of the 1930s.
246:the oldest McDonald's stand
177:comes from the now-defunct
3735:
3310:New Classical architecture
2942:Colonial and post-colonial
2199:December 28, 2007, at the
1428:Googie architecture, says
1297:by Kirk Hastings 2007, p.2
983:1964 New York World's Fair
950:My Life as a Teenage Robot
899:cartoons and the original
732:
721:; and their birthplace of
514:carrying the first human,
479:, a member of the firm of
40:
29:
2845:
1774:Los Angeles Conservancy.
1029:Miami Modern architecture
903:(which featured a Googie
806:early days of car culture
3229:Spanish Colonial Revival
3069:Richardsonian Romanesque
2294:, Googie architect site.
2174:templates for discussion
2113:by Chris Nichols, 2007 (
2018:Langdon, Philip (1986).
871:era's forced frugality.
755:Decline and preservation
581:shapes and cutouts, and
294:and Crescent Heights in
204:shapes, and bold use of
41:Not to be confused with
2858:Architecture portal
2292:John Lautner Foundation
2051:Learning from Las Vegas
1885:Hess 2004, pp. 184–185.
1780:Los Angeles Conservancy
846:Neo-Googie architecture
813:Los Angeles Conservancy
694:The Caribbean Motel in
652:and built during 1961.
495:on Crenshaw Boulevard.
331:Classic Googie sign at
3709:Modernist architecture
3704:History of Los Angeles
3162:Dutch Colonial Revival
2138:July 25, 2008, at the
2071:by Thomas Hine, 1986 (
1755:Hess 2004, pp. 183–188
1216:"Populuxe and Pop Art"
1054:UPA (animation studio)
1007:Fantastic architecture
767:
702:
567:
557:
436:
336:
268:
65:
3699:Futurist architecture
3406:Hall and parlor house
3366:Central-passage house
3187:Mediterranean Revival
2913:Native and indigenous
1954:Abbott, Carl (1993).
1746:Langdon 1986, pp. 108
961:Based on a True Story
762:
693:
563:
545:
434:
330:
263:
116:futurist architecture
53:
3386:Critical regionalism
3079:American Renaissance
2802:Critical regionalism
2384:Critical regionalism
2213:Wildwood, NJ Doo Wop
1929:on December 3, 2018.
1728:Hess 2004, pp. 66–69
1684:on September 1, 2013
1652:"WildwoodDooWop.com"
1461:Hess 2004, pp. 41–42
1418:on February 18, 2010
1349:Hess 2004, pp. 73–74
1340:Hess 2004, pp. 66–68
1034:Novelty architecture
840:Wildwood, New Jersey
825:Johnie's Coffee Shop
741:Wildwood, New Jersey
729:Wildwood, New Jersey
707:Miami Beach, Florida
696:Wildwood, New Jersey
612:Johnie's Coffee Shop
547:Johnie's Coffee Shop
485:Johnie's Coffee Shop
59:La Cienega Boulevard
3689:Googie architecture
3234:Territorial Revival
3177:International style
3147:California bungalow
3137:American Foursquare
2650:International style
2642:Rationalist-Fascist
2586:Stripped Classicism
2519:Stripped Classicism
2499:Rationalist-Fascist
2424:International style
2330:modern architecture
2225:on Phorio Standards
2179:Googie architecture
2147:Googie Architecture
1977:Hess, Alan (2004).
1509:Hess 2004, p. 50–51
1491:Hess 2004, p. 46–47
1386:Langdon 1986, p.114
1319:on February 2, 2009
1083:NPR Morning Edition
1001:Design for Dreaming
988:Atomic Age (design)
926:The Powerpuff Girls
914:Dexter's Laboratory
795:International Style
723:Southern California
412:and the reality of
277:Googies Coffee Shop
179:Googies Coffee Shop
136:Southern California
134:. It originated in
69:Googie architecture
3285:Mid-century modern
3132:American Craftsman
3121:Streamline Moderne
2733:(1940s–late 1970s)
2722:Mid-century modern
2690:Postconstructivism
2634:Streamline Moderne
2514:Streamline Moderne
2479:Postconstructivism
2434:Mid-Century modern
2236:. August 20, 2012.
1923:www.motortexas.com
1906:on April 26, 2017.
1776:"ModCom's History"
1395:Abbott 1993, p.174
1121:on January 6, 2014
1012:Home of the future
888:commercial signage
861:Streamline Moderne
781:movements against
768:
703:
661:Downey, California
568:
558:
551:Wilshire Boulevard
437:
341:Streamline Moderne
337:
269:
250:Downey, California
159:mid-century modern
140:Streamline Moderne
66:
3676:
3675:
3248:Post–World War II
2960:Colonial Georgian
2872:
2871:
2223:Googie definition
1861:Los Angeles Times
1830:Los Angeles Times
1799:Los Angeles Times
1764:Hess 2004, p. 186
1737:Hess 2004, p. 178
1710:on August 9, 2020
1678:"History Section"
1599:Hess 2004, p. 192
1590:Hess 2004, p. 194
1570:Los Angeles Times
1524:"maps.google.com"
1365:Los Angeles Times
1260:Los Angeles Times
1229:978-0-7385-3606-4
1193:978-1-57233-467-0
1115:Los Angeles Times
1077:(July 14, 2011).
821:Norms Restaurants
719:Las Vegas, Nevada
680:TWA Flight Center
555:Armet & Davis
473:Armet & Davis
351:that mobility in
165:aesthetic, as in
55:Norms Restaurants
16:(Redirected from
3726:
3647:Washington, D.C.
3265:Deconstructivism
3167:Georgian Revival
3157:Colonial Revival
3110:mid-20th century
3034:Mid-19th century
2980:Spanish Colonial
2899:
2892:
2885:
2876:
2864:Related articles
2856:
2855:
2838:
2830:
2822:
2814:
2810:Deconstructivism
2806:
2798:
2790:
2782:
2774:
2766:
2758:
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2742:
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2726:
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2638:
2630:
2622:
2614:
2606:
2598:
2590:
2582:
2574:
2566:
2558:
2394:Deconstructivism
2322:
2315:
2308:
2299:
2271:cumentation and
2267:, Dutch-founded
2207:Wildwood Doo Wop
2099:Los Angeles Neon
2035:
2002:
1973:
1961:
1940:
1939:Hess 2004, p. 46
1937:
1931:
1930:
1914:
1908:
1907:
1900:structurestx.com
1892:
1886:
1883:
1877:
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1747:
1744:
1738:
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1729:
1726:
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1719:
1717:
1715:
1706:. Archived from
1700:
1694:
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1691:
1689:
1674:
1668:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1648:
1642:
1641:
1639:
1637:
1620:
1614:
1613:Hess 2004, p. 68
1611:
1600:
1597:
1591:
1588:
1582:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1560:
1554:
1553:Hess 2004, p. 86
1551:
1545:
1544:Hess 2004, p. 36
1542:
1536:
1535:
1533:
1531:
1519:
1510:
1507:
1501:
1498:
1492:
1489:
1483:
1482:Hess 2004, p. 39
1480:
1474:
1473:Hess 2004, p. 29
1471:
1462:
1459:
1453:
1452:Hess 2004, p. 30
1450:
1444:
1443:Hess 2004, p. 26
1441:
1435:
1434:
1430:House & Home
1425:
1423:
1402:
1396:
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1387:
1384:
1378:
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1238:
1236:
1211:
1205:
1204:
1202:
1200:
1177:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1157:. Archived from
1146:
1135:
1134:
1128:
1126:
1117:. Archived from
1100:
1094:
1093:
1091:
1089:
1071:
802:service industry
764:Johnie's Broiler
657:Johnie's Broiler
609:
608:
604:
489:Norms Restaurant
441:Wayne McAllister
398:filling stations
368:the increase in
292:Sunset Boulevard
236:and an artist's
110:
105:
104:
103:
102:
95:
92:
91:
88:
85:
82:
79:
21:
3734:
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3727:
3725:
3724:
3723:
3679:
3678:
3677:
3672:
3651:
3525:
3339:
3243:
3192:Mission Revival
3109:
3103:
3055:
3029:
2991:
2975:German Colonial
2970:French Colonial
2936:
2908:
2903:
2873:
2868:
2850:
2841:
2836:
2828:
2820:
2812:
2804:
2796:
2788:
2780:
2772:
2764:
2756:
2748:
2740:
2732:
2724:
2716:
2708:
2700:
2692:
2684:
2676:
2668:
2660:
2652:
2644:
2636:
2628:
2626:New Objectivity
2620:
2612:
2604:
2596:
2588:
2580:
2572:
2564:
2556:
2547:
2545:
2544:By start year /
2538:
2469:New Objectivity
2332:
2326:
2201:Wayback Machine
2177:
2140:Wayback Machine
2129:
2124:
2093:Charles Phoenix
2043:
2041:Further reading
2038:
2032:
2017:
1991:
1976:
1970:
1953:
1949:
1944:
1943:
1938:
1934:
1916:
1915:
1911:
1894:
1893:
1889:
1884:
1880:
1870:
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1854:
1853:
1849:
1839:
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1823:
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1792:
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1741:
1736:
1732:
1727:
1723:
1713:
1711:
1702:
1701:
1697:
1687:
1685:
1676:
1675:
1671:
1661:
1659:
1658:on June 9, 2013
1650:
1649:
1645:
1635:
1633:
1632:. June 24, 2007
1629:Washington Post
1622:
1621:
1617:
1612:
1603:
1598:
1594:
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1585:
1575:
1573:
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1456:
1451:
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1442:
1438:
1421:
1419:
1404:
1403:
1399:
1394:
1390:
1385:
1381:
1371:
1369:
1368:. July 10, 1986
1358:
1357:
1353:
1348:
1344:
1339:
1332:
1322:
1320:
1311:
1310:
1301:
1291:
1287:
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1275:
1265:
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1252:
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1244:
1234:
1232:
1230:
1213:
1212:
1208:
1198:
1196:
1194:
1179:
1178:
1174:
1164:
1162:
1161:on June 5, 2020
1155:Smithsonian.com
1148:
1147:
1138:
1124:
1122:
1102:
1101:
1097:
1087:
1085:
1073:
1072:
1068:
1063:
1058:
973:
956:The Incredibles
865:Lincoln-Zephyrs
857:
848:
757:
737:
731:
688:
650:Charles Luckman
646:William Pereira
606:
602:
601:
540:
538:Characteristics
481:Armet and Davis
370:mass production
325:
300:Douglas Haskell
258:
224:, diagrammatic
114:) is a type of
108:
99:
98:
97:
76:
72:
46:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3732:
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3711:
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3696:
3691:
3681:
3680:
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3673:
3671:
3670:
3665:
3659:
3657:
3653:
3652:
3650:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
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3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
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3574:
3569:
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3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3533:
3531:
3527:
3526:
3524:
3523:
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3493:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3463:
3458:
3453:
3451:Platform mound
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3373:
3368:
3363:
3358:
3353:
3347:
3345:
3341:
3340:
3338:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3251:
3249:
3245:
3244:
3242:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3209:Prairie School
3206:
3205:
3204:
3197:Pueblo Revival
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3152:Chicago School
3149:
3144:
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3113:
3111:
3105:
3104:
3102:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3081:
3076:
3071:
3065:
3063:
3057:
3056:
3054:
3053:
3051:Gothic Revival
3048:
3043:
3037:
3035:
3031:
3030:
3028:
3027:
3026:
3025:
3015:
3010:
3005:
2999:
2997:
2996:Early Republic
2993:
2992:
2990:
2989:
2988:
2987:
2977:
2972:
2967:
2965:Dutch Colonial
2962:
2957:
2952:
2946:
2944:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2934:
2929:
2928:
2927:
2916:
2914:
2910:
2909:
2904:
2902:
2901:
2894:
2887:
2879:
2870:
2869:
2867:
2866:
2861:
2846:
2843:
2842:
2840:
2839:
2831:
2823:
2815:
2807:
2799:
2791:
2783:
2775:
2767:
2759:
2751:
2743:
2735:
2727:
2719:
2711:
2703:
2695:
2687:
2679:
2671:
2663:
2655:
2647:
2639:
2631:
2623:
2615:
2610:Constructivism
2607:
2599:
2591:
2583:
2575:
2570:Prairie School
2567:
2559:
2550:
2548:
2543:
2540:
2539:
2537:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2494:Prairie School
2491:
2486:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2466:
2461:
2456:
2451:
2446:
2441:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2396:
2391:
2386:
2381:
2376:
2374:Constructivism
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2340:
2338:
2337:Alphabetically
2334:
2333:
2327:
2325:
2324:
2317:
2310:
2302:
2296:
2295:
2289:
2284:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2238:
2237:
2226:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2204:
2194:Seattle Googie
2191:
2185:
2161:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2145:Chris Jepsen.
2143:
2128:
2127:External links
2125:
2123:
2122:
2119:978-1586856991
2108:
2102:
2096:
2086:
2080:
2077:978-1585679102
2066:
2063:978-0262720069
2055:Robert Venturi
2047:
2042:
2039:
2037:
2036:
2030:
2015:
2012:978-0877013341
1990:978-0811842723
1989:
1974:
1968:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1932:
1909:
1887:
1878:
1847:
1816:
1785:
1782:. Los Angeles.
1766:
1757:
1748:
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1342:
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1031:
1026:
1020:
1014:
1009:
1004:
997:
990:
985:
980:
974:
972:
969:
965:Norm Macdonald
938:George Shrinks
856:
853:
847:
844:
777:, the rise of
756:
753:
733:Main article:
730:
727:
711:Morris Lapidus
687:
684:
674:, designed by
638:Theme Building
626:
625:
615:
539:
536:
477:Helen Liu Fong
447:restaurant in
426:nuclear energy
394:movie theaters
373:mobility that
324:
321:
313:House and Home
308:Julius Shulman
304:House and Home
257:
254:
234:parallelograms
222:flying saucers
118:influenced by
32:Googie Withers
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3731:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3714:Retrofuturism
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3686:
3684:
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3660:
3658:
3654:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3627:San Francisco
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3602:New York City
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
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3573:
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3509:
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3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
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3479:
3477:
3476:Shotgun house
3474:
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3464:
3462:
3459:
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3449:
3447:
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3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3391:Dogtrot house
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3381:Cowboy church
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
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3333:
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3328:
3326:
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3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3252:
3250:
3246:
3240:
3239:Tudor Revival
3237:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3203:
3200:
3199:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3182:Mayan Revival
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3122:
3118:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3106:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3074:Second Empire
3072:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3064:
3062:
3058:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3041:Greek Revival
3039:
3038:
3036:
3032:
3024:
3021:
3020:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
3000:
2998:
2994:
2986:
2983:
2982:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
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2951:
2948:
2947:
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2939:
2933:
2930:
2926:
2923:
2922:
2921:
2918:
2917:
2915:
2911:
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1406:"Art: Googie"
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1110:Baltimore Sun
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1039:Raygun Gothic
1037:
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1024:
1021:
1019:, with images
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56:
52:
48:
44:
37:
33:
19:
3612:Philadelphia
3572:Jacksonville
3461:Quiggly hole
3300:Neo-futurism
3295:Neo-eclectic
3255:Blobitecture
3171:
3108:Late-19th to
3018:Neoclassical
3013:Jeffersonian
2955:First Period
2849:
2834:Contemporary
2786:Neo-futurism
2778:Blobitecture
2717:(1930s–1970)
2713:
2449:Neo-Futurism
2413:
2379:Contemporary
2359:Blobitecture
2280:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2239:
2167:
2133:Lotta Living
2110:
2104:
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2088:
2082:
2068:
2050:
2044:
2020:
2004:
1979:
1957:
1935:
1927:the original
1922:
1912:
1904:the original
1899:
1890:
1881:
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1860:
1850:
1838:. Retrieved
1829:
1819:
1807:. Retrieved
1798:
1788:
1779:
1769:
1760:
1751:
1742:
1733:
1724:
1714:December 11,
1712:. Retrieved
1708:the original
1698:
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1682:the original
1672:
1660:. Retrieved
1656:the original
1646:
1636:December 10,
1634:. Retrieved
1627:
1618:
1595:
1586:
1574:. Retrieved
1568:
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1505:
1496:
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1478:
1457:
1448:
1439:
1429:
1427:
1420:. Retrieved
1416:the original
1409:
1400:
1391:
1382:
1372:February 27,
1370:. Retrieved
1363:
1354:
1345:
1321:. Retrieved
1317:the original
1292:
1288:
1281:John Lautner
1276:
1264:. Retrieved
1258:
1233:. Retrieved
1219:
1209:
1197:. Retrieved
1182:
1175:
1163:. Retrieved
1159:the original
1154:
1130:
1125:February 11,
1123:. Retrieved
1119:the original
1108:
1098:
1086:. Retrieved
1082:
1069:
1049:Tiki culture
1044:Space Needle
999:
992:
963:by comedian
960:
954:
948:
942:
936:
930:
924:
920:Johnny Bravo
918:
912:
905:Tomorrowland
894:
892:
873:
858:
849:
837:
810:
799:
775:Moon landing
769:
745:
738:
704:
669:
667:restaurant.
654:
635:
631:
627:
617:
597:
571:Cantilevered
569:
532:
516:Yuri Gagarin
504:Soviet Union
500:space travel
497:
493:Holiday Bowl
461:John Lautner
458:
438:
422:rocket ships
407:
387:
366:
348:
338:
333:Warren, Ohio
317:
312:
303:
289:
273:John Lautner
270:
248:(located in
199:
194:
190:
187:John Lautner
185:designed by
174:
171:TWA Terminal
155:gas stations
144:
68:
67:
57:location on
47:
36:Arthur Googy
3622:San Antonio
3597:New Orleans
3587:Los Angeles
3577:Kansas City
3511:Town square
3496:Sweat lodge
3446:Plank house
3396:Earth lodge
3214:PWA Moderne
3089:Stick style
2985:Territorial
2749:(1953–1970)
2725:(1933–1969)
2701:(1933–1944)
2698:PWA Moderne
2685:(1910–1939)
2637:(1925–1950)
2629:(1922–1933)
2621:(1921–1929)
2618:Rondocubism
2613:(1920–1932)
2605:(1919–1933)
2597:(1917–1931)
2565:(1890–1910)
2562:Art Nouveau
2557:(1888–1911)
2529:Sustainable
2504:Rondocubism
2489:PWA Moderne
2349:Art Nouveau
2162:‹ The
1917:J, Wilder.
1871:October 16,
1840:October 16,
1809:October 16,
1576:January 16,
1075:Ulaby, Neda
896:The Jetsons
591:post-Modern
469:Eldon Davis
465:Louis Armet
414:spaceflight
379:locomotives
353:Los Angeles
296:Los Angeles
173:. The term
120:car culture
63:Los Angeles
3683:Categories
3486:Skyscraper
3441:Moki steps
3436:Longhouses
3330:Tiny-house
3325:Shed style
3315:Postmodern
3142:Beaux-Arts
3094:Queen Anne
3046:Italianate
3023:Antebellum
2762:Metabolism
2674:Organicism
2554:Modernisme
2474:Organicism
2439:Modernisme
2429:Metabolism
2328:Genres of
1947:References
1360:"Googie's"
901:Disneyland
869:Depression
829:Wich Stand
827:, and the
791:Atomic Age
787:Space Race
713:and other
618:Starbursts
528:Space Race
520:Eisenhower
491:, and the
315:magazine.
285:Peter Matz
218:boomerangs
128:Atomic Age
3719:Space Age
3642:St. Louis
3582:Las Vegas
3491:Sod house
3431:Log cabin
3376:Corn crib
3305:Neomodern
3280:High-tech
3275:Earthship
3260:Brutalist
3061:Victorian
2818:Neomodern
2794:High-tech
2746:New Khmer
2730:Brutalism
2706:Stalinist
2509:Stalinist
2464:New Khmer
2454:Neomodern
2419:High-tech
2369:Bowellism
2364:Brutalism
2024:. Knopf.
1999:249477365
1235:August 9,
1199:August 9,
855:Influence
772:Apollo 11
686:Districts
587:Modernism
575:boomerang
508:Sputnik I
506:launched
453:drive-ins
418:boomerang
402:Drive-ins
385:brought.
383:zeppelins
345:Alan Hess
281:Hollywood
230:parabolas
202:geometric
183:Hollywood
138:from the
132:Space Age
3617:Portland
3557:Columbus
3361:Cape Cod
3356:Barabara
3117:Art Deco
2925:Builders
2837:(2000s–)
2829:(1990s–)
2821:(1990s–)
2813:(1980s–)
2805:(1980s–)
2797:(1970s–)
2789:(1960s–)
2781:(1960s–)
2773:(1960s–)
2738:Tropical
2682:Art Deco
2677:(1920s–)
2669:(1920s–)
2666:Futurism
2653:(1920s–)
2594:De Stijl
2534:Tropical
2409:Futurism
2389:De Stijl
2344:Art Deco
2265:DOCOMOMO
2197:Archived
2164:template
2136:Archived
2057:, 1972 (
1865:Archived
1834:Archived
1803:Archived
1688:June 25,
1662:June 25,
1530:June 25,
1422:March 5,
1323:June 25,
971:See also
932:Futurama
880:highways
876:carnival
789:and the
583:tailfins
512:Vostok 1
358:downtown
335:drive-in
266:car wash
242:Art Deco
191:Populuxe
163:populuxe
130:and the
3637:Spokane
3632:Seattle
3567:Houston
3562:Detroit
3552:Chicago
3547:Buffalo
3537:Atlanta
3501:Temples
3471:Saltbox
3411:I-house
3371:Chickee
3335:Usonian
3270:Dingbat
3127:Pre-war
3099:Shingle
3008:Federal
2765:(1959–)
2757:(1959–)
2741:(1958–)
2693:(1930s)
2602:Bauhaus
2589:(1913–)
2581:(1910–)
2354:Bauhaus
2283:vement.
2234:YouTube
2228:Video:
2166:below (
1266:May 15,
1165:May 23,
1088:June 5,
779:ecology
605:⁄
579:palette
524:Kennedy
449:Burbank
362:suburbs
323:History
256:Origins
238:palette
195:Doo Wop
3663:Hawaii
3656:States
3542:Boston
3530:Cities
3521:Wigwam
3481:Sipapu
3466:Ramada
3290:Modern
3224:Rustic
3172:Googie
2950:Creole
2932:Pueblo
2714:Googie
2546:decade
2414:Googie
2183:Curlie
2169:Curlie
2117:
2095:, 2001
2075:
2061:
2028:
2010:
1997:
1987:
1966:
1226:
1190:
953:, and
390:diners
175:Googie
147:motels
126:, the
43:Google
18:Googie
3668:Texas
3607:Omaha
3592:Miami
3516:Tupiq
3456:Qargi
3421:Jacal
3416:Igloo
3401:Hogan
3351:Adobe
3320:Ranch
2920:Mound
2279:dern
2053:, by
1061:Notes
884:motel
882:, in
715:hotel
226:atoms
210:steel
206:glass
111:-ghee
96:
3506:Tipi
3426:Kiva
3202:Deco
3084:Folk
3003:Adam
2115:ISBN
2073:ISBN
2059:ISBN
2026:ISBN
2008:ISBN
1995:OCLC
1985:ISBN
1964:ISBN
1873:2020
1842:2020
1811:2020
1716:2008
1690:2013
1664:2013
1638:2008
1578:2015
1532:2013
1424:2009
1411:Time
1374:2011
1325:2013
1268:2011
1237:2013
1224:ISBN
1201:2013
1188:ISBN
1167:2015
1127:2009
1090:2016
698:'s
648:and
522:and
467:and
424:and
396:and
381:and
375:cars
228:and
214:neon
212:and
153:and
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