164:. His mother and father separated when Gonville was a young boy and his mother left for South Africa. His father handed over care of Gonville, together with his younger brother Michael and his younger sister Patricia, to Miss Esylt Newbery, a young female teacher who the family had met in Shanghai. She had no familial connection to the family and received a monthly retainer for several years. She took the children to England to be educated. Gonville attended
417:. This church in the City of London is a parish without resident parishioners, which gave ffrench-Beytagh space to concentrate on writing and spiritual direction. He retired from St Vedast's in Christmas 1986, and went to live with friends, including Alison Norman, in an informal community in Tower Hamlets. He died in the London Hospital in Mile End on 10 May 1991, almost twenty years after his forced exile from South Africa.
224:
or even that the Greek word for the Holy Spirit means breath. I did not even think of Jesus breathing the spirit on his disciples. All I know is that this breath, or wind, which I felt, had a meaning and a content for me which I have never been able to communicate to anyone else, and still cannot describe.
223:
It was a hot night and as the doors had been closed, the air was completely still. I knelt at the communion rail, and as I knelt there I felt a very strong cool breeze – and that was all. I do not think that at the time I had any idea what the word "breath" or the word "wind" means to the
Christian,
272:
people near
Johannesburg. At an early stage in his ministry he not developed a political consciousness. At Saint Alban's, with his first true contacts outside white society, "the utter nonsensicality of racial discrimination really hit me." He grew increasingly disillusioned with the stealthy
307:
of
Johannesburg Central. There he found Alan Paton had his passport confiscated, and many white people he knew and trusted had been imprisoned or exiled for speaking out for freedom. He quickly became a prominent opponent of apartheid, condemning it as "blasphemous against God and man."
400:
On 14 April 1972 the appeal by ffrench-Beytagh against his conviction and sentence under the
Terrorism Act, was upheld in the Appellate Division of the South African Supreme Court in Bloemfontein. The Dean thereupon left South Africa for London on the same day.
379:, and of possessing their pamphlets. Alison Norman was named as a co-conspirator. During his detention, demonstrations and vigils were held throughout South Africa, and the cathedral bells and the bells of many suburban churches were chimed each day in protest.
172:
from 1927 to 1928. His experience of school chapel, Sunday school, confirmation classes and summer camps made him determined never to attend church again. Aged 17 he left
England for New Zealand to learn agriculture at
177:. He was expelled from Waitaki for misbehaviour. After a time in casual labour, a chance encounter with a distant relative persuaded him to travel to South Africa in 1932, where his mother was now living.
292:). He brought the cathedral building near to completion, but his reputation as an outspoken preacher and an opponent of racism was gathering pace, making him one of the most controversial figures in
394:
to commit acts of violence against the state, and alleged the dean was involved in a conspiracy to overthrow the state by violence, saying revolution was justified under certain circumstances.
1324:
390:. The main prosecution witness was Kenneth Jordaan, an informer placed by BOSS as one of the dean's altar servers and confidants. Jordaan claimed to have heard the dean inciting the
1334:
1152:
1329:
297:
352:
around
Johannesburg. The money would buy food and children's clothes, pay rents and school fees, and help pay for prison visits, especially long journeys to places such as
1319:
1314:
1339:
1220:
229:
160:, China, the oldest son of Leo Michael ffrench-Beytagh, an Irish cotton company executive and Edith McIlraith nee Watson, an Englishwoman who was born in
1344:
1145:
337:
1243:
1108:
1087:
969:
948:
927:
906:
885:
864:
840:
819:
488:
468:
448:
1304:
1138:
980:
265:
216:
1213:
505:
54:
1024:
Dick, Archie L (2008). "'Blood from Stones': Censorship and the
Reading Practices of South African Political Prisoners, 1960–1990".
1161:
236:
The college turned out to be a rather mausoleum-like, dull, brick structure which to me had the psychological impact of a prison.
202:
145:
141:
64:
382:
On 2 August 1971 the trial of the Very Rev. Gonville Aubie ffrench-Beytagh began in the
Pretoria Supreme Court before Justice
1309:
1206:
1010:
PATRICK COMERFORD: my thoughts on
Anglicanism, theology, spirituality, history, architecture, travel, poetry and beach walks
215:. After a hospitalisation during which he was visited by Alan Paton he underwent a religious conversion on Christmas Eve in
376:
194:
410:
257:
174:
1005:
189:
in
Johannesburg. He was still an irreverent agnostic, but at Toc H he soon became friends with Jonathan Graham, a
372:
198:
82:
1268:
365:
348:, to a humanitarian fund managed by ffrench-Beytagh, as the dean in Johannesburg to help black families in the
316:, and opened his cathedral doors to black protesters chased up the cathedral steps by police beating them with
1253:
414:
349:
341:
211:
397:
On 1 November 1971 ffrench-Beytagh was found guilty of 10 counts of subversive activity against the state.
368:(BOSS). He was arrested on 20 January 1971 and was held in solitary confinement and brutally interrogated.
228:
In 1936, aged 24 and a year after his conversion experience, ffrench-Beytagh was sent by Bishop Clayton to
333:
273:
encroaches of apartheid. In 1953, he resigned his South African passport in protest at the passing of the
169:
1177:
329:
940:
Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997
1299:
1294:
1182:
165:
1078:
Really Inside BOSS: A Tale of South Africa's Late Intelligence Service (and Something about the CIA)
274:
249:
988:
280:
From 1954 to 1964 he was the Dean of the Cathedral of St Mary and All Saints in Salisbury (now
1104:
1083:
1041:
965:
944:
923:
902:
881:
875:
860:
854:
836:
830:
815:
484:
464:
444:
285:
23:
1098:
896:
809:
344:, for the IDAF to send aid through Alison Norman, a mutual friend who ffrench-Beytagh met in
240:
Clayton urged him to persevere, and made him deacon in 1938 and ordained him priest in 1939.
1238:
1033:
387:
253:
190:
137:
383:
313:
261:
219:, where the dean had locked the door to keep drunken revellers from the Midnight Mass:
409:
He found it difficult to get a parish in England; he did, however, accept a curacy at
303:
He returned to South Africa in 1965 as Dean of St Mary's Cathedral, Johannesburg, and
148:
activist and was held in solitary confinement before going on trial for his activism.
1288:
1273:
1172:
1076:
850:
353:
1126:
Letter from Gonville ffrench-Beytagh written on his conviction on terrorsim charges
1263:
1248:
309:
729:
727:
725:
959:
938:
917:
478:
458:
438:
428:
1130:
391:
304:
206:
1125:
1054:
1045:
1037:
985:
African Saints: Saints, Martyrs, and Holy People from the Continent of Africa
919:
African Saints: Saints, Martyrs, and Holy People from the Continent of Africa
528:
those same doors that had been kept closed at Christmas over 30 years earlier
345:
293:
801:
Shoulder the Sky: the biography of Wing Commander M L ffrench Beytagh DFC
289:
269:
161:
157:
133:
44:
1198:
1100:
Church Versus State in South Africa: The Case of the Christian Institute
877:
The Transformation of Anglicanism: From State Church to Global Communion
317:
371:
At first, he was accused of furthering the unlawful activities of the
281:
937:
Kalley, Jacqueline Audrey; Schoeman, Elna; Andor, Lydia Eve (1999).
308:
ffrench-Beytagh campaigned against the continuing house arrest of
186:
1006:"In Retrospect: Canon Gonville Aubie ffrench-Beytagh (1912–1991)"
1202:
1134:
664:
662:
832:
White Lies: Canon Collins and the Secret War Against Apartheid
185:
In South Africa he took odd jobs including an office job with
733:
268:, and appointed priest-in-charge of St Alban's Mission for
156:
Gonville ffrench-Beytagh was born on 26 January 1912 in
999:– via Dictionary of African Christian Biography.
338:
International Defence and Aid Fund for Southern Africa
328:
In 1970, while, on leave in London, he arranged with
312:, a member of the cathedral congregation, first met
112:
93:
88:
75:
70:
60:
50:
40:
20:
1075:
620:Shoulder the Sky: the biography of a fighter pilot
605:Shoulder the Sky: the biography of a fighter pilot
590:Shoulder the Sky: the biography of a fighter pilot
575:Shoulder the Sky: the biography of a fighter pilot
560:Shoulder the Sky: the biography of a fighter pilot
745:
680:
668:
653:
641:
234:
221:
386:, ffrench-Beytagh was represented by Advocate
248:He served in a number of parishes in the then
1214:
1146:
483:. Darton, Longman & Todd, Limited. 1986.
8:
1335:White South African anti-apartheid activists
1325:People educated at Waitaki Boys' High School
537:an organisation of middle class, white women
1330:20th-century South African Anglican priests
1221:
1207:
1199:
1153:
1139:
1131:
811:The Transfiguration of Christ and Creation
460:Out of the Depths: Encountering Depression
230:St Paul's Theological College, Grahamstown
17:
1320:People educated at Bristol Grammar School
716:
692:
413:. He moved in 1974 to become rector of
296:'s Rhodesia in the period preceding the
1315:People educated at Monkton Combe School
550:
521:
320:, police dogs snapping at their heels.
132:(26 January 1913 – 10 May 1991) was an
1340:South African anti-apartheid activists
961:Anglicans against apartheid, 1936-1996
781:
769:
704:
298:Unilateral Declaration of Independence
757:
168:near Bath from 1926 to 1927 and then
7:
1074:Swanepoel, Petrus Cornelius (2007).
1004:Comerford, Patrick (23 April 2012).
364:He was being watched closely by the
898:The Church Struggle in South Africa
340:(IDAF) and a leading figure in the
506:Anglican Church of Southern Africa
14:
1345:Anglican anti-apartheid activists
1103:. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers.
734:Kalley, Schoeman & Andor 1999
266:St Mary's Cathedral, Johannesburg
217:St Mary's Cathedral, Johannesburg
981:"Gonville Aubie ffrench-Beytagh"
1053:Irvine, Gerard (14 May 1991).
943:. Greenwood Publishing Group.
880:. Cambridge University Press.
130:Gonville Aubie ffrench-Beytagh
1:
856:Walter & Albertina Sisulu
814:. Wipf and Stock Publishers.
632:Monkton Combe School archives
377:South African Communist Party
195:Community of the Resurrection
1055:"Good and fearless shepherd"
258:St Boniface Church Germiston
1305:Archdeacons of Johannesburg
1162:Archdeacons of Johannesburg
895:De Gruchy, John W. (2005).
835:. James Currey Publishers.
803:. London: Arthur Baker Ltd.
622:. London: Arthur Baker Ltd.
607:. London: Arthur Baker Ltd.
592:. London: Arthur Baker Ltd.
577:. London: Arthur Baker Ltd.
562:. London: Arthur Baker Ltd.
1361:
874:Sachs, William L. (2002).
503:
1234:
1168:
916:Quinn, Frederick (2002).
829:Herbstein, Denis (2004).
411:St Matthew's, Westminster
373:African National Congress
260:. In 1952, he was made a
175:Waitaki Boys' High School
136:priest who served as the
35:
1259:Gonville ffrench-Beytagh
1188:Gonville ffrench-Beytagh
1038:10.1179/174581608X295220
964:. Cluster Publications.
366:Bureau of State Security
30:Gonville ffrench-Beytagh
415:St. Vedast-alias-Foster
342:Anti-Apartheid Movement
324:Anti-apartheid activism
212:Cry the Beloved Country
203:Archbishop of Cape Town
1097:Walshe, Peter (1983).
238:
226:
201:of Johannesburg later
170:Bristol Grammar School
1310:Deans of Johannesburg
1229:Deans of Johannesburg
1178:James Buchanan Seaton
430:Encountering Darkness
1183:George Henry Cameron
1173:Michael Bolton Furse
958:Clarke, Bob (2008).
859:. New Africa Books.
808:Gatta, John (2011).
799:Thomas, Gil (1959).
746:Ffrench-Beytagh 1973
681:Ffrench-Beytagh 1973
669:Ffrench-Beytagh 1973
654:Ffrench-Beytagh 1973
642:Ffrench-Beytagh 1973
618:Thomas, Gil (1959).
603:Thomas, Gil (1959).
588:Thomas, Gil (1959).
573:Thomas, Gil (1959).
558:Thomas, Gil (1959).
166:Monkton Combe School
36:Dean of Johannesburg
463:. SLG Press. 2010.
334:St Paul's Cathedral
275:Bantu Education Act
232:He later recalled:
1082:. Piet Swanepoel.
979:Quinn, Frederick.
901:. Fortress Press.
736:, p. 376-386.
480:A Glimpse of Glory
440:Encountering Light
336:, chairman of the
330:Canon John Collins
250:Transvaal Province
1282:
1281:
1196:
1195:
1110:978-0-905838-81-6
1089:978-0-620-38272-4
971:978-1-875053-73-5
950:978-0-313-30247-3
929:978-0-8245-1971-1
908:978-0-8006-3755-2
887:978-0-521-52661-6
866:978-0-86486-639-4
842:978-0-85255-885-0
821:978-1-60899-674-2
683:, pp. 47–66.
490:978-0-232-51691-3
470:978-0-7283-0183-2
450:978-0-00-623766-2
443:. Fontana. 1975.
286:Southern Rhodesia
191:religious brother
144:. He was also an
126:
125:
24:The Very Reverend
1352:
1239:Maurice Ponsonby
1223:
1216:
1209:
1200:
1155:
1148:
1141:
1132:
1114:
1093:
1081:
1070:
1068:
1066:
1049:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1000:
998:
996:
991:on 7 August 2014
987:. Archived from
975:
954:
933:
912:
891:
870:
846:
825:
804:
785:
779:
773:
767:
761:
755:
749:
743:
737:
731:
720:
714:
708:
702:
696:
690:
684:
678:
672:
666:
657:
651:
645:
644:, p. 16-17.
639:
633:
630:
624:
623:
615:
609:
608:
600:
594:
593:
585:
579:
578:
570:
564:
563:
555:
538:
535:
529:
526:
494:
474:
454:
434:
433:. Collins. 1973.
388:Sydney Kentridge
360:Arrest and trial
199:Geoffrey Clayton
119:
103:
101:
89:Personal details
83:Geoffrey Clayton
26:
18:
1360:
1359:
1355:
1354:
1353:
1351:
1350:
1349:
1285:
1284:
1283:
1278:
1269:George Buchanan
1230:
1227:
1197:
1192:
1164:
1159:
1122:
1117:
1111:
1096:
1090:
1073:
1064:
1062:
1052:
1026:Library History
1023:
1014:
1012:
1003:
994:
992:
978:
972:
957:
951:
936:
930:
915:
909:
894:
888:
873:
867:
849:
843:
828:
822:
807:
798:
794:
789:
788:
784:, p. 330–.
780:
776:
768:
764:
756:
752:
744:
740:
732:
723:
715:
711:
703:
699:
695:, p. 161–.
691:
687:
679:
675:
667:
660:
652:
648:
640:
636:
631:
627:
617:
616:
612:
602:
601:
597:
587:
586:
582:
572:
571:
567:
557:
556:
552:
547:
542:
541:
536:
532:
527:
523:
518:
513:
508:
502:
497:
491:
477:
471:
457:
451:
437:
427:
423:
407:
362:
326:
246:
183:
154:
121:
117:
108:
105:
104:26 January 1913
99:
97:
80:
55:Southern Africa
31:
28:
27:
22:
12:
11:
5:
1358:
1356:
1348:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1287:
1286:
1280:
1279:
1277:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1254:Patrick Barron
1251:
1246:
1244:William Palmer
1241:
1235:
1232:
1231:
1228:
1226:
1225:
1218:
1211:
1203:
1194:
1193:
1191:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1169:
1166:
1165:
1160:
1158:
1157:
1150:
1143:
1135:
1129:
1128:
1121:
1120:External links
1118:
1116:
1115:
1109:
1094:
1088:
1071:
1050:
1021:
1001:
976:
970:
955:
949:
934:
928:
913:
907:
892:
886:
871:
865:
851:Sisulu, Elinor
847:
841:
826:
820:
805:
795:
793:
790:
787:
786:
774:
772:, p. 95–.
762:
750:
738:
721:
719:, p. 142.
717:Swanepoel 2007
709:
697:
693:Herbstein 2004
685:
673:
658:
646:
634:
625:
610:
595:
580:
565:
549:
548:
546:
543:
540:
539:
530:
520:
519:
517:
514:
512:
509:
501:
498:
496:
495:
489:
475:
469:
455:
449:
435:
424:
422:
419:
406:
403:
375:(ANC) and the
361:
358:
325:
322:
314:Winnie Mandela
245:
242:
182:
179:
153:
150:
146:anti-apartheid
128:The Very Revd
124:
123:
120:(aged 78)
114:
110:
109:
106:
95:
91:
90:
86:
85:
77:
73:
72:
68:
67:
62:
58:
57:
52:
48:
47:
42:
38:
37:
33:
32:
29:
21:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1357:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1338:
1336:
1333:
1331:
1328:
1326:
1323:
1321:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1296:
1293:
1292:
1290:
1275:
1274:Xolani Dlwati
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1236:
1233:
1224:
1219:
1217:
1212:
1210:
1205:
1204:
1201:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1167:
1163:
1156:
1151:
1149:
1144:
1142:
1137:
1136:
1133:
1127:
1124:
1123:
1119:
1112:
1106:
1102:
1101:
1095:
1091:
1085:
1080:
1079:
1072:
1060:
1056:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1022:
1011:
1007:
1002:
990:
986:
982:
977:
973:
967:
963:
962:
956:
952:
946:
942:
941:
935:
931:
925:
922:. Crossroad.
921:
920:
914:
910:
904:
900:
899:
893:
889:
883:
879:
878:
872:
868:
862:
858:
857:
852:
848:
844:
838:
834:
833:
827:
823:
817:
813:
812:
806:
802:
797:
796:
791:
783:
778:
775:
771:
766:
763:
760:, p. 17.
759:
754:
751:
748:, p. 85.
747:
742:
739:
735:
730:
728:
726:
722:
718:
713:
710:
707:, p. 35.
706:
701:
698:
694:
689:
686:
682:
677:
674:
671:, p. 43.
670:
665:
663:
659:
655:
650:
647:
643:
638:
635:
629:
626:
621:
614:
611:
606:
599:
596:
591:
584:
581:
576:
569:
566:
561:
554:
551:
544:
534:
531:
525:
522:
515:
510:
507:
499:
492:
486:
482:
481:
476:
472:
466:
462:
461:
456:
452:
446:
442:
441:
436:
432:
431:
426:
425:
420:
418:
416:
412:
404:
402:
398:
395:
393:
389:
385:
380:
378:
374:
369:
367:
359:
357:
355:
354:Robben Island
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
323:
321:
319:
315:
311:
306:
301:
299:
295:
291:
287:
283:
278:
276:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
243:
241:
237:
233:
231:
225:
220:
218:
214:
213:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
180:
178:
176:
171:
167:
163:
159:
151:
149:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
115:
111:
96:
92:
87:
84:
78:
74:
69:
66:
63:
59:
56:
53:
49:
46:
43:
39:
34:
25:
19:
16:
1264:Desmond Tutu
1258:
1249:Roy Randolph
1187:
1099:
1077:
1063:. Retrieved
1059:The Guardian
1058:
1029:
1025:
1013:. Retrieved
1009:
993:. Retrieved
989:the original
984:
960:
939:
918:
897:
876:
855:
831:
810:
800:
777:
765:
753:
741:
712:
700:
688:
676:
649:
637:
628:
619:
613:
604:
598:
589:
583:
574:
568:
559:
553:
533:
524:
479:
459:
439:
429:
421:Publications
408:
399:
396:
384:P. M. Cillié
381:
370:
363:
327:
310:Helen Joseph
302:
279:
252:, including
247:
239:
235:
227:
222:
210:
209:, author of
184:
181:South Africa
155:
142:Johannesburg
129:
127:
118:(1991-05-10)
65:Johannesburg
15:
1300:1991 deaths
1295:1912 births
1065:5 September
1032:(1): 1–22.
1015:4 September
995:4 September
782:Sisulu 2011
770:Walshe 1983
705:Irvine 1991
405:Final years
116:10 May 1991
1289:Categories
758:Gatta 2011
511:References
504:See also:
392:Black Sash
305:Archdeacon
207:Alan Paton
100:1913-01-26
76:Ordination
1046:0024-2306
545:Citations
350:townships
294:Ian Smith
197:, Bishop
152:Childhood
1061:. London
853:(2011).
500:See also
318:sjamboks
290:Zimbabwe
270:coloured
244:Ministry
162:Yokohama
158:Shanghai
134:Anglican
107:Shanghai
81:by
51:Province
45:Anglican
792:Sources
300:(UDI).
254:Springs
193:in the
61:Diocese
1107:
1086:
1044:
968:
947:
926:
905:
884:
863:
839:
818:
487:
467:
447:
346:Harare
282:Harare
205:, and
122:London
71:Orders
41:Church
516:Notes
288:(now
284:) in
262:canon
187:Toc H
1105:ISBN
1084:ISBN
1067:2014
1042:ISSN
1017:2014
997:2014
966:ISBN
945:ISBN
924:ISBN
903:ISBN
882:ISBN
861:ISBN
837:ISBN
816:ISBN
485:ISBN
465:ISBN
445:ISBN
256:and
138:Dean
113:Died
94:Born
79:1939
1034:doi
332:of
264:of
140:of
1291::
1057:.
1040:.
1030:24
1028:.
1008:.
983:.
724:^
661:^
356:.
277:.
1222:e
1215:t
1208:v
1154:e
1147:t
1140:v
1113:.
1092:.
1069:.
1048:.
1036::
1019:.
974:.
953:.
932:.
911:.
890:.
869:.
845:.
824:.
656:.
493:.
473:.
453:.
102:)
98:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.