1029:, who had been installed in that position by the Althing in 1941) appointed a non-parliamentary government. The regent had, for all practical purposes, the position of a president, and Sveinn in fact became the country's first president in 1944. The governments of Iceland have almost always been coalitions with two or more parties involved because no single political party has received a majority of seats in the Althing during Iceland's republican period. The extent of the political powers possessed by the office of the president is disputed by legal scholars in Iceland; several provisions of the constitution appear to give the president some important powers but other provisions and traditions suggest differently.
1025:; however, this process is usually conducted by the leaders of the political parties, who decide among themselves after discussions which parties can form the cabinet and how its seats are to be distributed (under the condition that it has majority support in Althing). Only when the party leaders are unable to reach a conclusion by themselves in reasonable time does the president exercise this power and appoint the cabinet themselves. This has never happened since the republic was founded in 1944, but in 1942 the regent of the country (
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1160:). These political parties were again the three largest in Iceland after the latest elections and subsequently continued the coalition for another term. This was the first time since 2009 in which existing coalition is renewed in Iceland. A total of 203,898 votes were cast consulting 80.1% of the 254,681 electorates.
1256:, and again in 2017, following revelations of impropriety within the ranks of the political class; both instances culminated in anti-government protests being staged. Organized protests held to highlight and challenge political corruption since 2008 have therefore come to stress the necessity for the new
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for presidential and parliamentary elections is 18 years of age and is universal. Members of the
Althing are elected on the basis of proportional representation from six constituencies. Until 1991, membership of the Althing was divided between a lower and upper house but this was changed to a fully
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After the 2008 financial crisis, there has been an increasing fractionalization of the
Icelandic party system. The increase in the number of parties has made it harder for coalition governments to form. What's more, since the initial resignation of the government in January 2009 after the banking
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a 41% plurality and relatively comfortable 12% victory margin over the closest of three other candidates. Traditionally limited to 6–12 weeks, Iceland's campaign season was marked by several intensely personal attacks on Ólafur Ragnar, a former finance minister who tried to erase memories of his
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Geir's administration fell apart in
January 2009 and he called for an early election before standing down as party leader. The Social Democrats subsequently formed an interim government with the LGM. In the
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The president is elected every four years (last 2020), the cabinet is elected every four years (last 2021) and town council elections are held every four years (last 2018).
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1308:) and district courts. Justices are appointed for life by the minister of justice. The Constitution protects the judiciary from infringement by the other two branches.
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chose not to run for re-election in 1996. More than 86% of voters turned out in the June 29, 1996 presidential elections to give former leftist party chairman
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1121:. Ólafur Ragnar successfully used his largely ceremonial office to promote Icelandic trade abroad and family values at home. The
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has limited powers and is poised in a largely ceremonial office that serves as a diplomat and figurehead. On 1 August 2016,
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period and suspended in 1799. The
Althing is composed of 63 members, elected every 4 years unless it is dissolved sooner.
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collapse, revelations of subsequent political scandals have resulted in the government collapsing in 2016, following the
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2020:
Hardarson, Ólafur Th; Kristinsson, Gunnar Helgi (2018-12-01). "Iceland: Political development and data for 2017".
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its longstanding alliance with the IP ended despite still being able to form a majority. Instead, the IP's leader
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1296:. In April 2024, Bjarni Benediktsson of the Independence party succeeded Katrín Jakobsdóttir as prime minister.
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that was co-drafted by the 2009 leftist government and select members of the public to be enshrined into law.
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became the new president of
Iceland. He was re-elected with an overwhelming majority of the vote in the 2020
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2098:""Where Is the New Constitution?" Public Protest and Community-Building in Post–Economic Collapse Iceland"
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1204:(EU), the SDP also suffered from being the only party to support Iceland's EU membership application.
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Electoral
Politics in Crisis After the Great Recession: Change, Fluctuations and Stability in Iceland
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1248:'s administration prevailed, the first time Icelanders voted for a majority left-wing government.
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2065:"Crisis and Belonging: Protest Voices and Empathic Solidarity in Post-Economic Collapse Iceland"
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Hulda Thórisdóttir, Ólafur Th. Harðarson, Eva H. Önnudóttir, and Agnar Freyr
Helgason. 2021.
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1972:"Government coalition survives in Iceland – for the first time since the bank crash of 2008"
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After four four-year terms as the world's first elected woman president, the widely popular
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1192:) mustered a simple majority in the 63-seat Althing. However, Prime Minister and IP leader
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Kristinsson, Gunnar Helgi (1996-11-01). "The presidential election in
Iceland 1996".
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took place on
September 25, 2021. A three-party coalition was formed following the
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chose a stronger but somewhat unstable coalition with the Social
Democrats (the
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2159:"Iceland appoints Bjarni Benediktsson to replace Katrín Jakobsdóttir as PM"
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Bryant, Miranda; correspondent, Miranda Bryant Nordic (10 April 2024).
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1021:. The cabinet is appointed by the president after general elections to
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The prime minister and cabinet exercise most executive functions. The
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controversial support of inflationary policies and opposition to the
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provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject
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1220:. Some members chose to join another new left party instead, the
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Iceland's Shelter-Seeking Behavior: From Settlement to Republic
1093:. An overview on elections and election results is included in
2022:
European Journal of Political Research Political Data Yearbook
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Small States and Shelter Theory: Iceland's External Affairs
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The beginning of the millennium saw a merger of all the
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Iceland's Heated Debate - National Geographic Magazine
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is independent of the executive and the legislature.
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1946:"From Iceland — Iceland's New Government Announced"
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1061:", was founded in 1845 as an advisory body to the
1327:Until 1988, Iceland was divided in 23 counties (
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1304:The judiciary consists of the Supreme Court (
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1901:"Guðni Th. Jóhannesson Reelected President"
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1541:Learn how and when to remove this message
119:Learn how and when to remove this message
2140:"New Government of Iceland Takes Office"
1775:Icelandic constitutional reform, 2010–13
1494:International organization participation
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1871:"Global democracy has a very bad year"
1836:Del Giudice, Marguerite (March 2008).
130:
1881:from the original on February 2, 2021
1523:providing more context for the reader
540:
7:
2243:Elections and referendums in Iceland
1320:, which are further subdivided into
1091:List of political parties in Iceland
57:adding citations to reliable sources
1085:Political parties and the elections
1051:The modern parliament, called the "
25:
2096:Heffernan, Timothy (2020-06-01).
2063:Heffernan, Timothy (2020-01-01).
1793:Baldur Thorhallsson (ed.). 2021.
1786:Baldur Thorhallsson (ed.). 2018.
1158:Vinstrihreyfingin – grænt framboð
1089:For other political parties, see
990:Elected to a four-year term, the
850:take place in the framework of a
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1807:Gunnar Helgi Kristinsson. 2021.
1800:Gunnar Helgi Kristinsson. 2007.
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884:is exercised by the government.
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1809:Elítur og valdakerfi á Íslandi.
1457:Snæfellsnes- og Hnappadalssýsla
906:is arguably the world's oldest
44:needs additional citations for
1996:"Úrslit Alþingiskosninga 2021"
1173:In losing four seats in April
775:Iceland and the European Union
1:
2200:Government Offices of Iceland
1932:10.1016/s0261-3794(96)80470-7
1335:) and 14 independent towns* (
1276:After the 2021 parliamentary
1224:. After the PP's loss in the
1125:took place on June 27, 2020.
1047:, seat of legislative branch.
1848:. p. 85. Archived from
1797:. Cornell University Library
1765:List of Icelandic ministries
1175:1995 parliamentary elections
1134:2017 parliamentary elections
1130:last parliamentary elections
1292:, headed by Prime Minister
1267:Political system of Iceland
1123:last presidential elections
135:Political system of Iceland
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3028:2008–2011 financial crisis
1218:Social Democratic Alliance
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925:, seat of executive branch
625:President Benedikt Bogason
341:Bjarni Beneiktsson cabinet
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1357:Austur-Barðastrandarsýsla
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870:prime minister of Iceland
855:representative democratic
685:List of political parties
575:Prime Minister of Iceland
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304:Prime Minister of Iceland
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3216:Administrative divisions
2115:10.3167/arcs.2020.060114
1316:Iceland is divided into
1312:Administrative divisions
892:and the parliament, the
782:(1950s / 1970s)
698:Administrative divisions
617:Supreme Court of Iceland
389:Supreme Court of Iceland
2847:Constitutional Assembly
2251:Parliamentary elections
2034:10.1111/2047-8852.12222
1970:Fernando Casal Bertoa.
1950:The Reykjavik Grapevine
1489:Vestur-Skaftafellssýsla
1365:Austur-Skaftafellssýsla
448:Constitution of Iceland
182:Constitution of Iceland
161:Coat of arms of Iceland
3655:Bosnia and Herzegovina
2541:Presidential elections
1485:Vestur-Ísafjarðarsýsla
1417:Norður-Ísafjarðarsýsla
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1258:Icelandic constitution
1246:Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir
1106:Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson
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888:is vested in both the
406:Supreme Court Building
237:Speaker of the Althing
172:Parliamentary republic
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2998:Independence Movement
2993:Danish trade monopoly
2125:1959.4/unsworks_73167
1802:Íslenska stjórnkerfið
1481:Vestur-Húnavatnssýsla
1425:Norður-Þingeyjarsýsla
1361:Austur-Húnavatnssýsla
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1142:Sjálfstæðisflokkurinn
1102:Vigdís Finnbogadóttir
1045:Parliament of Iceland
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1000:presidential election
996:Guðni Th. Jóhannesson
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632:Justices of the Court
513:Members of Parliament
469:Constitutional reform
68:"Politics of Iceland"
18:Government of Iceland
2102:Conflict and Society
1877:. February 2, 2021.
1469:Suður-Þingeyjarsýsla
1196:chose the resurgent
1150:Framsóknarflokkurinn
1095:Elections in Iceland
930:Main office-holders
554:President of Iceland
383:Judiciary of Iceland
269:President of Iceland
53:improve this article
4012:Politics of Iceland
3898:States with limited
3606:Politics of Europe
2664:Municipal elections
2146:. 29 November 2021.
2082:10.3390/rel11010022
1846:National Geographic
1519:improve the article
1294:Katrín Jakobsdóttir
1290:Left-Green Movement
1222:Left-Green Movement
1154:Left-Green Movement
975:Bjarni Benediktsson
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848:politics of Iceland
760:Diplomatic missions
583:Bjarni Benediktsson
417:Politics of Iceland
314:Bjarni Benediktsson
3416:Icelandic Language
2181:has generic name (
1976:Who Governs Europe
1369:Borgarfjarðarsýsla
1282:Independence Party
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1242:resulting election
1138:Independence Party
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1036:Legislative branch
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1804:. Háskólaútgáfan.
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1198:Progressive Party
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886:Legislative power
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562:Halla Tómasdóttir
501:Birgir Ármannsson
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229:Presiding officer
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1907:. 29 June 2020.
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2194:External links
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1885:September 28,
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109:November 2017
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70: –
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64:Find sources:
58:
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48:
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42:This article
40:
36:
31:
30:
27:
19:
3927:Transnistria
3889:Vatican City
3719:
3474:Coat of arms
3454:Architecture
3396:Demographics
3345:Nordic model
3241:Human rights
3226:Constitution
3203:
3008:World War II
2983:Sturlung Era
2968:Commonwealth
2529:
2179:|last2=
2163:The Guardian
2162:
2152:
2143:
2134:
2105:
2101:
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2072:
2068:
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2021:
2015:
2004:. Retrieved
1999:
1990:
1979:. Retrieved
1975:
1965:
1954:. Retrieved
1952:. 2021-11-28
1949:
1940:
1923:
1919:
1913:
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1895:
1883:. Retrieved
1874:
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1854:. Retrieved
1850:the original
1841:
1831:
1818:. Routledge.
1815:
1808:
1801:
1794:
1790:. Routledge.
1787:
1624:(observer),
1552:
1537:
1528:
1517:Please help
1512:
1461:Strandasýsla
1449:Siglufjörður
1441:Sauðárkrókur
1429:Ólafsfjörður
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1326:
1315:
1303:
1275:
1250:
1238:
1216:to form the
1214:left parties
1211:
1186:
1172:
1157:
1149:
1141:
1127:
1099:
1070:Commonwealth
1050:
1031:
1004:
989:
902:
868:, while the
847:
845:
736:
723:Sveitarfélög
722:
708:
652:Presidential
615:
573:
552:
517:
488:
446:
439:
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355:Headquarters
178:Constitution
115:
106:
96:
89:
82:
75:
63:
51:Please help
46:verification
43:
26:
3965:Isle of Man
3900:recognition
3847:Switzerland
3782:Netherlands
3312:Agriculture
3256:LGBT rights
3075:Earthquakes
2988:Reformation
2978:Aristocracy
2940:Prohibition
2935:Nationality
2796:Referendums
1401:Kjósarsýsla
1339:, singular
1331:, singular
1306:Hæstiréttur
1230:Geir Haarde
1185:(so-called
960:Independent
733:Localities
709:Landshlutar
482:Legislature
395:Chief judge
168:Polity type
3817:San Marino
3777:Montenegro
3757:Luxembourg
3737:Kazakhstan
3640:Azerbaijan
3524:Television
3494:Mass media
3489:Literature
3411:Icelanders
3406:Healthcare
3329:(currency)
3266:Parliament
3176:Localities
3140:Waterfalls
2963:Settlement
2434:1959 (Oct)
2429:1959 (Jun)
2404:1942 (Oct)
2399:1942 (Jul)
2344:1916 (Oct)
2339:1916 (Aug)
2006:2022-03-10
1981:2022-03-10
1956:2022-03-10
1856:2019-07-21
1823:References
1393:Ísafjörður
1353:Árnessýsla
1341:kaupstaður
1337:kaupstaðir
1234:Þingvellir
1190:government
1152:) and the
1079:unicameral
1019:government
890:government
770:in Iceland
765:of Iceland
737:Kaupstaðir
440:Government
363:Ministries
209:Unicameral
79:newspapers
3955:Gibraltar
3752:Lithuania
3421:Languages
3401:Education
3365:Transport
3350:Outvasion
3276:President
3231:Elections
3171:Farthings
3154:Political
3135:Volcanoes
3105:Highlands
3051:Geography
2171:cite news
2075:(1): 22.
2069:Religions
2050:158256950
2042:2047-8852
1437:Reykjavík
1409:Mýrasýsla
1405:Kópavogur
1373:Dalasýsla
1318:8 regions
1015:executive
992:President
950:President
898:judiciary
862:president
780:Cod Wars
645:Elections
609:Judiciary
541:Executive
358:Reykjavík
310:Currently
285:Appointer
275:Currently
243:Appointer
223:Reykjavík
146:Icelandic
4006:Category
3975:Svalbard
3960:Guernsey
3907:Abkhazia
3877:Scotland
3832:Slovenia
3827:Slovakia
3802:Portugal
3660:Bulgaria
3559:Category
3426:Religion
3391:Abortion
3355:Taxation
3261:Military
3204:Politics
3166:Counties
3145:Wildlife
3100:Glaciers
3023:Cod Wars
3018:Cold War
3013:Invasion
2955:Timeline
2930:Military
2925:Economic
2917:By topic
2900:articles
1879:Archived
1759:See also
1658:Interpol
1654:Intelsat
1650:Inmarsat
1397:Keflavík
1349:Akureyri
1288:and the
1278:election
1119:Keflavík
1117:base in
1081:system.
1074:Suffrage
1017:part of
894:Althingi
858:republic
705:Regions
461:Taxation
3867:England
3857:Ukraine
3807:Romania
3767:Moldova
3725:Ireland
3720:Iceland
3715:Hungary
3705:Germany
3700:Georgia
3690:Finland
3685:Estonia
3680:Denmark
3665:Croatia
3650:Belgium
3645:Belarus
3635:Austria
3630:Armenia
3625:Andorra
3620:Albania
3543:Outline
3479:Cuisine
3441:Culture
3379:Society
3360:Tourism
3317:Banking
3300:Economy
3221:Cabinet
3186:Regions
3130:Valleys
3110:Islands
3095:Geology
3090:Forests
3070:Climate
3063:Natural
3003:Kingdom
2908:History
2896:Iceland
1389:Húsavík
1345:Akranes
1144:), the
1136:by the
1058:Alþingi
1053:Althing
1023:Althing
1009:is the
935:Office
904:Iceland
864:is the
596:Cabinet
498:Speaker
490:Althing
321:Cabinet
199:Althing
93:scholar
3970:Jersey
3912:Kosovo
3852:Turkey
3842:Sweden
3822:Serbia
3812:Russia
3797:Poland
3792:Norway
3772:Monaco
3742:Latvia
3710:Greece
3695:France
3670:Cyprus
3564:Portal
3469:Cinema
3449:Anthem
3335:Energy
3327:Króna
3125:Rivers
3085:Fjords
2945:Rulers
2898:
2048:
2040:
2000:mbl.is
1718:UNESCO
1714:UNCTAD
1329:sýslur
1284:, the
1177:, the
1063:Danish
1055:" or "
944:Since
941:Party
896:. The
347:Leader
95:
88:
81:
74:
66:
3945:Åland
3882:Wales
3837:Spain
3762:Malta
3732:Italy
3550:Index
3519:Sport
3504:Names
3499:Music
3464:Chess
3431:Women
3115:Lakes
2046:S2CID
1722:UNMIK
1630:IFRCS
1333:sýsla
1272:2020s
1188:Viðey
1169:1990s
938:Name
876:in a
300:Title
265:Title
100:JSTOR
86:books
3484:Flag
2854:2010
2838:2012
2833:2011
2828:2010
2823:1944
2818:1933
2813:1918
2808:1916
2803:1908
2787:2022
2782:2018
2777:2014
2772:2010
2767:2006
2762:2002
2757:1998
2752:1994
2747:1990
2742:1986
2737:1982
2732:1978
2727:1974
2722:1970
2717:1966
2712:1962
2707:1958
2702:1954
2697:1950
2692:1946
2687:1942
2682:1938
2677:1934
2672:1930
2654:2024
2649:2020
2644:2016
2639:2012
2634:2008
2629:2004
2624:2000
2619:1996
2614:1992
2609:1988
2604:1984
2599:1980
2594:1976
2589:1972
2584:1968
2579:1964
2574:1960
2569:1956
2564:1952
2559:1949
2554:1945
2549:1944
2530:Next
2524:2021
2519:2017
2514:2016
2509:2013
2504:2009
2499:2007
2494:2003
2489:1999
2484:1995
2479:1991
2474:1987
2469:1983
2464:1979
2459:1978
2454:1974
2449:1971
2444:1967
2439:1963
2424:1956
2419:1953
2414:1949
2409:1946
2394:1937
2389:1934
2384:1933
2379:1931
2374:1930
2369:1927
2364:1926
2359:1923
2354:1922
2349:1919
2334:1914
2329:1911
2324:1908
2319:1903
2314:1902
2309:1900
2304:1894
2299:1892
2294:1886
2289:1880
2284:1874
2279:1869
2274:1864
2269:1858
2264:1852
2259:1844
2183:help
2038:ISSN
1887:2021
1754:WTrO
1746:WIPO
1702:OSCE
1698:OPCW
1694:OECD
1678:NATO
1674:ITUC
1614:ICRM
1606:ICCt
1602:ICAO
1598:IBRD
1594:IAEA
1586:EFTA
1578:EBRD
1574:EAPC
1566:CBSS
1181:and
1128:The
1115:NATO
1111:U.S.
1066:king
846:The
403:Seat
380:Name
327:Name
205:Type
195:Name
72:news
3459:Art
3246:Law
2120:hdl
2110:doi
2077:doi
2030:doi
1928:doi
1750:WMO
1742:WHO
1738:WEU
1734:WCO
1730:UPU
1726:UNU
1706:PCA
1690:NIB
1686:NEA
1670:ITU
1666:ISO
1662:IOC
1646:IMO
1642:IMF
1638:ILO
1634:IHO
1626:IFC
1622:IEA
1618:IDA
1610:ICC
1590:FAO
1582:ECE
1562:BIS
1521:by
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