427:
911:
1430:
190:
176:
686:
1001:
45:
896:, a seashore village in western Karafuto, on 16 August that the Soviets broke the Japanese defense line. Japanese resistance grew weaker after this landing. Actual fighting continued until 21 August. Between 22 and 23 August, most remaining Japanese units agreed to a ceasefire. The Soviets completed the conquest of Karafuto on 25 August 1945, by occupying the capital of Toyohara.
402:
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names. More and more colonists began to arrive from mainland Russia, with whom the
Japanese were obliged to share the limited stock of housing. In October 1946 the Soviets began to repatriate all remaining Japanese. By 1950 most had been sent, willing or not, to Hokkaidō. They had to leave all of
934:
banned the local press, confiscated cars and radio sets and imposed a curfew. Local managers and bureaucrats were made to aid
Russian authorities in the process of reconstruction, before being deported to labor camps, either on North Sakhalin or in
771:. Russia retained the northern portion, although the Japanese were awarded favorable commercial rights, including fishing and mineral extraction rights in the north. In 1907, Karafuto Prefecture was officially established, with the capital at
735:
and Japan had joint rights of occupation to
Sakhalin, without setting a definite territorial demarcation. As the island became settled in the 1860s and 1870s, this ambiguity led to increasing friction between settlers. Attempts by the
974:, Japan renounced its rights to Sakhalin, but did not formally acknowledge Soviet sovereignty over it. Since that time, no final peace treaty has been signed between Japan and Russia, and the status of the neighboring
887:
outnumbered the
Japanese by three to one, they advanced only slowly due to strong Japanese resistance. It was not until the 113th Rifle Brigade and the 365th Independent Naval Infantry Rifle Battalion from
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241:
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was predominately sourced from
Karafuto. The territory suffered from a labor shortage through most of its history, and tax incentives were provided to encourage immigration. Indigenous
2733:
2698:
867:
in April, and according to the signed agreements of Yalta, in which Stalin pledged that the Soviet Union would enter the
Pacific War three months after the defeat of Germany, the
918:
There were over 400,000 people living in
Karafuto when the Soviet offensive began in early August 1945. Most were of Japanese or Korean extraction, though there was also a small
970:, the Japanese administration in Karafuto ceased to function. The Japanese government formally abolished Karafuto Prefecture as a legal entity on 1 June 1949. In 1951, at the
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1424:
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their possessions behind, including any currency, Russian or
Japanese. Today some keep alive the memory of their former home in the meetings of the
1083:
was put to use, including
Chinese contract laborers. By the end of the 1920s, these laborers would be replaced with Koreans. With the start of the
880:
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In 1920, Karafuto was officially designated an external territory of Japan, and its administration and development came under the aegis of the
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2718:
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62:
864:
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1024:
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1982:
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An extensive railway network was constructed in
Karafuto to support the extraction of natural resources. The Karafuto Railway Bureau
1012:
858:
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128:
109:
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879:, consisting of the 79th Rifle Division, the 2nd Rifle Brigade, the 5th Rifle Brigade and the 214 Armored Brigade, attacked the
81:
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Recruitment and coercion in Japan’s far north: Evidence from colonial Karafuto’s forestry and construction industries, 1910–37
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66:
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189:
88:
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2708:
910:
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55:
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2504:
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1807:
1671:
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31:
77:
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1814:
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in 1920, Japan briefly seized the northern half of Sakhalin, and occupied it until the establishment of formal
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1943:
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usually meant Southern Sakhalin only. For convenience, the northern part of the island was sometimes called
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concessions in northern Sakhalin until 1944. In 1943, the status of Karafuto was upgraded to that of an "
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978:
2513:
2427:
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2412:
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Morris-Suzuki, Tessa (August 2001). "Northern Lights: The Making and Unmaking of Karafuto Identity".
1378:
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maintained 682.6 kilometers of track in four main lines and an additional 58.2 kilometers of track.
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1249:
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in 1942, the administration of Karafuto was separated, and Karafuto became an integral part of the
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As of 1945, Karafuto was divided into four subprefectures, which in turn were subdivided into 11
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760:
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102:
2437:
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2194:
2703:
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1978:
1918:
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1792:
1481:
1474:
1315:
1223:
1009:
776:
728:
717:
685:
524:
258:
175:
748:, Japan agreed to give up its claims on Sakhalin in exchange for undisputed ownership of the
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2517:
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2174:
2079:
2031:
1934:
1889:
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889:
834:
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619:
17:
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2159:
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2202:
2189:
1874:
1831:
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1016:
951:
893:
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642:
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253:
227:
220:
159:
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2365:
2340:
2137:
Sevela, Marie, "Nihon wa Soren ni natta toki. Karafuto kara Saharin e no ikô 1945–1948".
926:. By the time of the ceasefire, approximately 100,000 civilians had managed to escape to
709:
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1997:
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1824:
1785:
1745:
1728:
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1637:
1620:
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1563:
1529:
1470:
1404:
1052:
919:
807:
732:
512:
500:
333:
1973:
Krebs, Gerhard (1997). "31. Japan and the German-Soviet War". In Wegner, Bernd (ed.).
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in 1923 at which time Karafuto was officially designated an overseas territory of the
954:
was created in February 1946, and by March all towns, villages and streets were given
2687:
2483:
1339:
1005:
975:
944:
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181:
914:
A Japanese soldier at the border between the Karafuto Prefecture and Soviet Sakhalin
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invaded Karafuto. The Soviet attack started on 11 August 1945, three day before the
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was unable to negotiate a partition of the island into separate territories. In the
1301:
1275:
1080:
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967:
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established that Sakhalin was an island through his discovery of what is now named
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551:
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1000:
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2289:
2285:
2281:
2277:
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637:, meaning "peak of the mouth of Amur River". The southern part was simply called
240:
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1587:
1262:
1079:
plant near the Russian border. For the construction of the Toyohara-Maoka line,
1040:
931:
927:
923:
842:
721:
44:
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were introduced, and Japanese children were obliged to sing songs in praise of
849:, proposed the annexation of the remaining northern half of Sakhalin to Japan.
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697:
587:
530:
In August 1945, the Japanese administration ceased to function following the
2475:
1752:
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516:
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to purchase the entire island from the Russian Empire failed, and the new
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was allowed to retain only the southern portion of the island below the
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1644:
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Southern Sakhalin area under Russian administration in the present day
2043:
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The list below are the towns and the city of the prefecture. These in
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206:
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1998:
16th Army, 2nd Far Eastern Front, Soviet Far East Command, 09.08,45
1975:
From peace to war: Germany, Soviet Russia, and the world, 1939–1941
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1848:
1115:
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909:
684:
664:
2022:
Suzuki, Shinichi (January 1935). "The Rayon Industry in Japan".
1180:
When the Ministry of Colonial Affairs was absorbed into the new
1044:
803:
2540:
2198:
705:
600:
38:
2170:
Japanese view of Russian Soviet invasion of the city of Maoka
523:(Korsakov) was the capital of Karafuto from 1905 to 1908 and
700:. Ōtomari was established in 1679, and cartographers of the
2151:
2130:
Sevela, Marie, "Sakhalin: The Japanese under Soviet rule".
2008:
Sevela, Marie. "Sakhalin: The Japanese Under Soviet rule".
2190:
Internationalsteam.uk: Steam and the Railways of Sakhalin
1114:
Karafuto was administered from the central government in
1087:
in 1937, their population would increase substantially.
2060:, in: Labor History, Vol. 57 (2016), No. 2, pp. 215–234.
550:
under Japanese law until it was formally abolished as a
2181:
1948:
2160:
Karafuto Southern Area under Japanese administration
2744:
1905 establishments in the Japanese colonial empire
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2237:
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357:
344:
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307:
295:
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265:
249:
226:
143:
69:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1433:Karafuto Prefecture with 4 subprefectures, namely
950:Step by step Karafuto lost its Japanese identity.
607:). When the Japanese administered the prefecture,
576:
570:
1059:production industry was well developed. Pulp for
963:, an association for former Karafuto residents.
586:the island a god has created on the estuary (of
1166:
1143:
1127:
1099:
681:with the Karafuto Prefecture highlighted in red
30:"Karafuto" redirects here. For other uses, see
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1839:
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1137:
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1093:
798:in 1925; however, Japan continued to maintain
147:
2734:States and territories disestablished in 1945
2699:States and territories disestablished in 1949
2552:
2210:
1031:The pre-war economy of Karafuto was based on
930:. The military government established by the
696:settlement on Sakhalin dates to at least the
8:
2107:
2105:
2103:
2101:
875:. The Soviet 56th Rifle Corps, part of the
689:The Karafuto Prefectural Office in Toyohara
2694:States and territories established in 1905
2611:Deportation of Koreans in the Soviet Union
2559:
2545:
2537:
2217:
2203:
2195:
1453:was also a part of Toyohara Subprefecture.
1425:Political divisions of Karafuto Prefecture
817:As Japan was extending its influence over
214:: Karafuto Prefecture within Japan in 1942
205:
140:
720:) in 1809. Japan unilaterally proclaimed
507:. Karafuto was established in 1907 as an
129:Learn how and when to remove this message
1428:
1195:
775:. In 1908, the capital was relocated to
527:(Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk) from 1908 to 1945.
495:, when the portion of Sakhalin south of
1965:
1911:
1075:worked in Japanese-run fisheries and a
264:
248:
1154:. The Colonization Bureau became the
863:In August 1945, after repudiating the
827:Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere
708:". Japanese cartographer and explorer
704:mapped the island, and named it "Kita-
2460:Temporary Nan'yō Islands Defense Unit
966:In 1945, with the defeat of Japan in
810:", making it an integral part of the
653:, with the latter name in use during
374:
370:
356:
343:
329:
319:
306:
302:
290:
276:
272:
232:
7:
2254:Karafuto Civil Administration Office
2152:Secret of Sakhalin Island (Karafuto)
2141:, 1995, no. 676, pp. 26–35, 63.
1484:, while other major cities included
841:if it either became involved in the
67:adding citations to reliable sources
487:Karafuto became a territory of the
906:Evacuation of Karafuto and Kuriles
25:
2724:Government of the Empire of Japan
2631:Soviet invasion of South Sakhalin
859:Soviet invasion of South Sakhalin
746:Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1875)
546:, although it continued to exist
322:• External territory status
2769:Geography of the Empire of Japan
2652:Korean Cultural Center, Sakhalin
2182:All Japan Federation of Karafuto
1870:Apostolic Prefecture of Karafuto
1192:Directors of the Karafuto Agency
425:
400:
238:
188:
174:
43:
2749:1949 disestablishments in Japan
2253:
2134:, January 1998, pp. 41–46.
1977:. Berghahn Books. p. 551.
1008:stands outside the present day
881:Japanese 88th Infantry Division
865:Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact
825:through the establishment of a
763:of 1904–1905, but per the 1905
724:over the whole island in 1845.
54:needs additional citations for
1499:are the corresponding current
1043:, together with extraction of
622:, the entire island was named
511:, until being upgraded to an "
476:from 1907 to 1943 and later a
1:
2225:Former external territories (
2114:樺太地名改正 明治四十一年三月三十一日內務省告示第二十九號
1492:in the south central region.
1182:Ministry of Greater East Asia
1134:under the Colonization Bureau
603:(Ezo was the former name for
2754:Japan–Soviet Union relations
2739:1905 establishments in Japan
2524:Civil Affairs Bureau |
2520:Civil Affairs Bureau |
2516:Civil Affairs Bureau |
2512:Civil Affairs Bureau |
2072:The Journal of Asian Studies
1480:Karafuto's largest city was
1156:Ministry of Colonial Affairs
1051:. In terms of industry, the
784:Ministry of Colonial Affairs
677:showing the division at the
542:annexed to the pre-existing
219:: Other constituents of the
18:Governor-General of Karafuto
2719:Former prefectures of Japan
1949:
1167:
1144:
1128:
1100:
759:in the final stages of the
731:acknowledged that both the
595:. It was formerly known as
27:Part of the Empire of Japan
2785:
2165:Japanese Karafuto province
1461:, in turn divided into 41
1422:
988:
922:community as well as some
903:
856:
577:
538:. Karafuto Prefecture was
532:invasion of South Sakhalin
158:Former subdivision of the
29:
2621:Korea under Japanese rule
2112:
1938:
1922:
1840:
1823:
1806:
1784:
1769:
1744:
1727:
1712:
1687:
1670:
1653:
1636:
1619:
1604:
1579:
1562:
1545:
1528:
1513:
1488:in the north central and
1161:
1138:
1122:
1094:
939:. In schools, courses in
833:as part of its offensive
655:Korea under Japanese rule
379:
375:
371:
367:
303:
291:
287:
273:
233:
204:
170:
165:
157:
148:
32:Karafuto (disambiguation)
2714:Former Japanese colonies
2458:Civil Affairs Bureau of
2278:Motodomari Subprefecture
1085:Second Sino-Japanese War
1023:. They were used by the
845:or collapsed due to the
635:sahaliyan ula angga hada
2764:Sakhalin Korean history
2587:Cyrillization of Korean
2286:Tomarioru Subprefecture
972:Treaty of San Francisco
847:ongoing German invasion
641:("South Sakhalin"). In
571:
566:purportedly comes from
554:by Japan in June 1949.
2262:Toyohara Subprefecture
1885:Sakhalin Ainu language
1764:Toyohara Subprefecture
1454:
1118:as the Karafuto Agency
1028:
924:Ainu indigenous tribes
915:
883:. Although the Soviet
831:Imperial Japanese Army
690:
682:
572:kamuy kar put ya mosir
2729:Subdivisions of Japan
2480:Torakku Subprefecture
2294:Esutoru Subprefecture
2274:Shikuka Subprefecture
2266:Ōtomari Subprefecture
1895:Kuril Islands dispute
1707:Shikuka Subprefecture
1508:Esutoru Subprefecture
1432:
1101:Karafuto Tetsudōkyoku
1003:
991:Geography of Karafuto
913:
688:
668:
472:. It was part of the
279:• December 1941
78:"Karafuto Prefecture"
2528:Civil Affairs Bureau
2488:Yarūto Subprefecture
2484:Ponape Subprefecture
2468:Saipan Subprefecture
2408:Shinchiku Prefecture
2298:Ushiro Subprefecture
2270:Rūtaka Subprefecture
1186:Japanese archipelago
1006:D51 steam locomotive
792:diplomatic relations
765:Treaty of Portsmouth
505:Treaty of Portsmouth
464:, was a part of the
460:, commonly known as
332:• Upgraded to "
311:Treaty of Portsmouth
63:improve this article
2709:History of Sakhalin
2616:Karafuto Prefecture
2476:Yappu Subprefecture
2472:Parao Subprefecture
2290:Honto Subprefecture
2282:Maoka Subprefecture
2258:Karafuto Prefecture
1950:Prefektura Karafuto
1939:Префектура Карафуто
1599:Maoka Subprefecture
788:Nikolaevsk Incident
679:50th parallel north
599:, meaning Northern
499:was ceded from the
458:Karafuto Prefecture
408:Sakhalin Department
359:• Dissolution
144:Karafuto Prefecture
2428:Karenkō Prefecture
2403:Taihoku Prefecture
2132:History and Memory
2024:Economic Geography
1742:Shikuka, Shisuka (
1455:
1029:
916:
873:surrender of Japan
761:Russo-Japanese War
738:Tokugawa shogunate
691:
683:
562:The Japanese name
515:" of the Japanese
509:external territory
493:Russo-Japanese War
491:in 1905 after the
2681:
2680:
2534:
2533:
2464:Nan'yō Government
2418:Tainan Prefecture
2413:Taichū Prefecture
1947:
1865:Karafuto Fortress
1793:Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
1416:
1415:
1412:11 November 1947
1347:17 December 1931
1237:Takejirō Tokonami
1224:Kusunose Yukihiko
1077:synthetic textile
1010:Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
835:contingency plans
729:Treaty of Shimoda
718:Strait of Tartary
451:
450:
437:
436:
433:
432:
413:
412:
353:11–25 August 1945
243:
139:
138:
131:
113:
16:(Redirected from
2776:
2647:Hometown Village
2568:Sakhalin Koreans
2561:
2554:
2547:
2538:
2505:Governor-General
2433:Taitō Prefecture
2423:Takao Prefecture
2398:Governor-General
2315:Governor-General
2219:
2212:
2205:
2196:
2186:
2139:Rekishigakukenkû
2118:
2117:
2116:
2109:
2096:
2095:
2067:
2061:
2054:
2048:
2047:
2019:
2013:
2012:, Vol. 48, 1998.
2006:
2000:
1995:
1989:
1988:
1970:
1953:
1952:
1942:
1940:
1924:
1916:
1890:Sakhalin Koreans
1880:Nishikubo Shrine
1845:
1844:
1828:
1827:
1811:
1810:
1789:
1788:
1774:
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1749:
1748:
1732:
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1609:
1608:
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1550:
1549:
1533:
1532:
1518:
1517:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1357:17 December 1931
1250:Sadatarō Hiraoka
1211:Kiichirō Kumagai
1196:
1172:
1170:
1164:
1163:
1149:
1147:
1141:
1140:
1133:
1131:
1125:
1124:
1105:
1103:
1097:
1096:
979:remains disputed
941:Marxism–Leninism
890:Sovetskaya Gavan
786:. Following the
757:invaded Sakhalin
742:Meiji government
594:
591:
584:
580:
579:
574:
429:
428:
417:
416:
404:
403:
397:
396:
381:
380:
316:5 September 1905
245:
244:
209:
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178:
152:
151:
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134:
127:
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114:
112:
71:
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39:
21:
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2656:
2635:
2599:
2593:Se Korea Sinmun
2570:
2565:
2535:
2530:
2491:
2441:
2438:Hōko Prefecture
2385:
2302:
2233:
2223:
2184:
2156:Karafuto maps:
2148:
2127:
2125:Further reading
2122:
2121:
2110:
2099:
2084:10.2307/2700105
2069:
2068:
2064:
2056:Steven Ivings:
2055:
2051:
2021:
2020:
2016:
2007:
2003:
1996:
1992:
1985:
1972:
1971:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1956:
1917:
1913:
1908:
1875:Karafuto Shrine
1861:
1450:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1427:
1421:
1392:Masayoshi Ogawa
1379:Toshikazu Munei
1366:Takeshi Imamura
1353:Masao Kishimoto
1280:13 October 1916
1270:9 October 1916
1194:
1175:Empire of Japan
1158:
1135:
1119:
1112:
1091:
1025:Soviet Railways
1017:Sakhalin Oblast
1013:Railway Station
998:
993:
987:
961:Karafuto Renmei
952:Sakhalin Oblast
908:
902:
861:
855:
853:Soviet invasion
812:Empire of Japan
702:Matsumae domain
663:
639:Yuzhny Sakhalin
592:
585:
582:
581:), which means
578:カムィ・カㇻ・プッ・ヤ・モシㇼ
560:
544:Sakhalin Oblast
489:Empire of Japan
480:as part of the
466:Empire of Japan
454:Karafuto Agency
426:
421:Sakhalin Oblast
401:
360:
350:
348:Soviet invasion
337:
323:
313:
280:
257:
239:
237:
221:Empire of Japan
215:
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2361:Heian'nan-dō
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1927:Karafuto-chō
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1419:Major cities
1399:1 July 1943
1396:9 April 1940
1360:5 July 1932
1334:9 July 1929
1331:27 July 1927
1307:11 June 1924
1302:Akira Masaya
1276:Akira Masaya
1257:5 June 1914
1254:12 June 1908
1228:1 April 1907
1215:28 July 1905
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61:Please help
56:verification
53:
36:
2759:Axis powers
2640:Communities
2596:(newspaper)
2346:Zenranan-dō
2247:after 1943)
1929:later 樺太県,
1725:Shirutoru (
1685:Tomarioru (
1588:Shakhtyorsk
1537:Krasnogorsk
1409:1 July 1943
1405:Toshio Ōtsu
1373:7 May 1938
1370:5 July 1932
1344:9 July 1929
1267:5 June 1914
1263:Bunji Okada
1145:Takumukyoku
1041:agriculture
1027:until 1979.
932:Soviet Army
843:Pacific War
722:sovereignty
385:Preceded by
363:1 June 1949
261:(1908–1945)
256:(1907–1908)
217:Light green
2688:Categories
2668:Nellie Kim
2030:(1): 107.
1960:References
1782:Toyohara (
1383:7 May 1938
1110:Government
892:landed in
808:inner land
698:Edo period
588:Amur River
513:Inner Land
478:prefecture
334:inner land
266:Population
89:newspapers
2497:Kantō-shū
1944:romanized
1821:Ōtomari (
1753:Poronaysk
1651:Naihoro (
1560:Nayoshi (
1554:Uglegorsk
1543:Esutoru (
1526:Chinnai (
1473:, and 27
1459:districts
1328:Kōji Kita
1168:Takumushō
1049:petroleum
985:Geography
877:16th Army
819:East Asia
800:petroleum
794:with the
727:The 1855
675:parallels
628:Saghalien
519:in 1943.
517:metropole
166:1905–1949
119:June 2022
2704:Karafuto
2522:Furanten
2454:Governor
2371:Kōkai-dō
2326:Kōgen-dō
2321:Keiki-dō
2239:Karafuto
1919:Japanese
1859:See also
1838:Rūtaka (
1832:Korsakov
1804:Ochiai (
1482:Toyohara
1475:villages
1435:Toyohara
1057:charcoal
1055:and the
1037:forestry
928:Hokkaidō
900:Post-war
885:Red Army
821:and the
777:Toyohara
694:Japanese
671:Sakhalin
651:Hwataedo
647:Sahallin
624:Sakhalin
609:Karafuto
605:Hokkaido
597:Kita Ezo
564:Karafuto
540:de facto
525:Toyohara
470:Sakhalin
259:Toyohara
2604:History
2582:Cuisine
2575:Culture
2526:Hishika
2486:|
2482:|
2478:|
2474:|
2470:|
2296:|
2292:|
2288:|
2284:|
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2272:|
2268:|
2264:|
2092:2700105
1946::
1935:Russian
1815:Dolinsk
1736:Makarov
1679:Chekhov
1645:Kholmsk
1634:Maoka (
1628:Nevelsk
1617:Honto (
1503:names.
1501:Russian
1497:italics
1486:Esutoru
1447:Shikuka
1443:Esutoru
1150:of the
1033:fishing
996:Economy
956:Russian
937:Siberia
823:Pacific
773:Ōtomari
669:Map of
661:History
620:Russian
613:Sagaren
548:de jure
534:by the
521:Ōtomari
503:in the
346:•
309:•
296:History
283:406,557
254:Ōtomari
250:Capital
103:scholar
2518:Kinshū
2514:Ryojun
2510:Dairen
2447:Nan'yō
2391:Taiwan
2244:naichi
2227:gaichi
2090:
2044:140653
2042:
1981:
1801:Towns
1722:Towns
1696:Tomari
1668:Noda (
1614:Towns
1577:Tōro (
1523:Towns
1065:Honshu
1021:Russia
945:Stalin
829:, the
755:Japan
643:Korean
632:Manchu
482:naichi
474:gaichi
446:Russia
299:
269:
228:Anthem
196:Emblem
105:
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91:
84:
76:
2308:Korea
2231:Japan
2229:) of
2088:JSTOR
2040:JSTOR
1906:Notes
1849:Aniva
1779:City
1515:惠須取支廳
1490:Maoka
1471:towns
1469:, 13
1465:(one
1439:Maoka
1116:Tokyo
1095:樺太鐵道局
1073:Oroks
1069:Nivkh
1061:rayon
673:with
212:Green
110:JSTOR
96:books
1979:ISBN
1842:留多加町
1771:豐原支廳
1714:敷香支廳
1606:眞岡支廳
1547:惠須取町
1467:city
1445:and
1202:From
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1672:野田町
1655:內幌町
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1564:名好町
1530:珍內町
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