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theatre. The opaque furniture and gothic structures placed sporadically on the walls of the building exude a feeling of eeriness from the moment of entrance. People came to this theatre for an experience, not only to see a show. The audience at Grand
Guignol endured the terror of the shows because they wanted to be filled with strong "feelings" of something. Many attended the shows to get a feeling of sexual arousal. Underneath the balcony were boxes (originally built for nuns to watch church services) that were available for theatre-goers to rent during performances because they would get so aroused by the action happening on stage. It has been said that audience members would get so boisterous in the boxes, that actors would sometimes break character and yell something such as "Keep it down in there!" Conversely, there were audience members who could not physically handle the brutality of the actions taking place on stage. Frequently, the "special effects" would be too realistic and often an audience member would faint or vomit during performances. Theater director
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theater introduced relatable topics into the genre, the audience could visualize the plots taking place and thus experienced greater fear - the Grand-Guignol transformed the horror plot into something the audience could feel personally. Horror became a vehicle for ideas and philosophy where deep "insights gave way to spectacle, and spectacle to violence and gore, until in the end little was left but the gore". Today the horror genre begins with "optimism and hope", which "wither before random, chaotic, and inevitable violence".
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bite the hands of guards. During the time, curiosity and skepticism ravaged science and medicine. The depiction of scientists at the Grand-Guignol reflected the public attitude of fear and disdain. Medical science held a reputation of "terror and peculiar infamy". Middle-class
Parisian society believed science existed in a world of frivolity and falsehood, whereas art existed in a world of honesty. Poet
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was one of the Grand
Guignol's best-known performers. From 1917 to the 1930s, she performed most frequently as a victim and was known as "the most assassinated woman in the world." During her career at the Grand Guignol, Maxa's characters were murdered more than 10,000 times in at least 60 different
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The themes the Grand-Guignol introduced into the horror genre affected how the genre exists today. The Grand-Guignol's introduction of naturalism into horror "unmasked brutality of contemporary culture". Previously, horror served as escapism, dealing with the supernatural and unrelatable. After the
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by André de Lorde displays a depiction of a doctor typical of the theater. Dr. Goudron is portrayed as manic, insane, unreliable. He is seen "pac nervously" and "jumping on desk and gesticulating". Later Lorde depicts the scientist as violent, with
Goudron attempting to carve out an eye and then
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A former chapel, the theatre's previous life was evident in the boxes – which looked like confessionals – and in the angels over the orchestra. Although the architecture created frustrating obstacles, the design that was initially a predicament ultimately became beneficial to the marketing of the
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Audiences had strong reactions to the new disturbing themes the horror plays presented. One of the most prevalent themes staged at the Grand-Guignol was the demoralization and corruption of science. The "evil doctor" was a recurring trope in the horror shows performed. The popular show
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served as director from 1898 to 1914. Maurey shifted the theatre's emphasis to the horror plays it would become famous for and judged the success of a performance by the number of patrons who passed out from shock; the average was two faintings each evening. Maurey discovered
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was the Grand
Guignol's founder and original director. Under his direction, the theatre produced plays about a class of people who were not considered appropriate subjects in other venues: prostitutes, criminals, street urchins and others at the lower end of
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The Grand
Guignol was revived once again in London in 1945, under the direction of Frederick Witney, where it ran for two seasons at the Granville Theatre. These included premiers of Witney's own work as well as adaptations of French originals.
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Audiences waned in the years following World War II, and the Grand
Guignol closed its doors in 1962. Management attributed the closure in part to the fact that the theatre's faux horrors had been eclipsed by the actual events of the
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299:: When a doctor finds his wife's lover in his operating room, he performs a graphic brain surgery, rendering the adulterer a hallucinating semi-zombie. Now insane, the lover/patient hammers a chisel into the doctor's brain.
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ideals. The most popular and best-known were the horror plays, which featured a distinctly bleak worldview and gory special effects, particularly in their climaxes. The horrors depicted at Grand
Guignol were generally not
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Jack Jouvin served as director from 1930 to 1937. He shifted the theatre's subject matter, focusing performances not on gory horror but psychological drama. Under his leadership, the theatre's popularity waned and, after
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701:. The show was an original tribute to Grand Guignol, a horror vaudeville with various horror and grotesque performances such as monologues, live music and burlesque, with a satirical black humour conduction.
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Ruff, Felicia J. "The Laugh
Factory? Humor and Horror at Le Théâtre du Grand Guignol." Theatre Symposium: A Journal of the Southeastern Theatre Conference, vol. 16, 2008, pp. 65–74.
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and heightened to today's audiences. For this reason, the term is often applied to films and plays of a stylized nature with heightened acting, melodrama and theatrical effects such as
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outshone even Coward's), and a series of short
English "Grand Guignol" films (using original screenplays, not play adaptations) was made at the same time, directed by
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The Swiss theatre company Compagnie Pied de Biche has revisited the Grand Guignol genre in contemporary contexts since 2008. The company staged in 2010 a diptych
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In a typical Grand Guignol performance patrons would see five or six short plays, all in a style that attempted to be brutally true to the theatre's
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Camille Choisy served as director from 1914 to 1930. He contributed his expertise in special effects and scenery to the theatre's distinctive style.
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Between 2011 and 2016, Baltimore-based Yellow Sign Theatre performed Grand Guignol productions (including a heavily updated version of
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The theatre's peak was between World War I and World War II, when it was frequented by royalty and celebrities in evening dress.
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De Lorde was the theatre's principal playwright from 1901 to 1926. He wrote at least 100 plays for the Grand Guignol, such as
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Hand, Richard J., and Michael Wilson. "Transatlantic Terror! French Horror Theater and American Pre-Code Comics."
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Recently formed London-based Grand Guignol company Theatre of the Damned, brought their first production to the
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and a collaborator of Méténier. His theatre gave Méténier a basic model to use for The Grand Guignol Theatre.
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district of Paris (7, cité Chaptal). From its opening in 1897 until its closing in 1962, it specialised in
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While the original Grand Guignol attempted to present naturalistic horror, the performances would seem
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used the goriness to his advantage by hiring doctors to be at performances as a marketing ploy.
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Grand Guignol: An Exhibition of Artworks Celebrating the Legendary Theater of Terror.
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Grand Guignol flourished briefly in London in the early 1920s under the direction of
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Forging the Visual Language of Horror: The Graphics of the Grand Guignol
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Knowing Fear: Science, Knowledge and the Development of the Horror Genre
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Since 2022 Yorkshire-based theatre company Contortium have been touring
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is an exemplary lens to use in order to understand these sympathies.
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In November 2014, 86 years after the last show of Alfredo Sainati's
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for its use of aging A-list actresses in sensational horror films.
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performance. With 293 seats, the venue was the smallest in Paris.
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puppet character, joining political commentary with the style of
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L'Histoire du Grand Guignol: Theatre de L'Epouvante et du Rire.
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The Grand Guignol building still exists. It is occupied by the
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Fredrick Witney – A forgotten legend of the Grand Guignol
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Violence and Vitriol – Exploring 'Le Baiser dans la nuit'
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shows. Its name is often used as a general term for graphic,
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This article is about the Paris theatre. For other uses, see
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Buildings and structures in the 9th arrondissement of Paris
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The former location of the Grand Guignol, now home to the
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and more. He collaborated with experimental psychologist
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Theater and Revolution: The Culture of the French Stage.
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Chapel of Gore and Psychosis: The Grand Guignol Theatre
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It's a scream: theatre of the macabre is a runaway hit
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Dame Sybil Thorndike – London's Queen of Screams
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The Théâtre du Grand-Guignol was founded in 1897 by
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41:Promotional poster for a Grand Guignol performance
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288:Examples of Grand Guignol horror shows included:
873:Exeter: University of Exeter Press, 2002. Print.
761:London's Grand-Guignol and the Theatre of Horror
495:The System of Doctor Goudron and Professor Plume
699:Grand Guignol de Milan: Le Cabaret des Vampires
675:in November of that year. In 2011, they staged
252:Charles Nonon was the theatre's last director.
1236:"Revenge of the Grand Guignol – The Courtyard"
733:The Grand Guignol: Theatre of Fear and Terror.
618:The System of Doctor Tarr and Professor Fether
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1275:, Complexity, and the Televisual Palimpsest"
747:Grand-Guignol: The French Theatre of Horror.
871:Grand-Guignol The French Theatre of Horror.
353:, a company devoted to presenting plays in
335:two decades earlier. "We could never equal
70:horror entertainment, a genre popular from
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1196:"Frederic Ozier - Compagnie Pied de Biche"
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607:In recent years, English director-writer,
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683:, as part of the London Horror Festival.
671:in 2010 and produced the award nominated
560:Learn how and when to remove this message
411:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1271:"Not Just Another Serial Killer Show:
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954:. Grand Guignol Online. Archived from
869:Hand, Richard J., and Michael Wilson.
845:. Grand Guignol Online. Archived from
485:form a sub-branch of the genre called
2072:Internet Speculative Fiction Database
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888:"Fading Horrors of the Grand Guignol"
241:ways and raped at least 3,000 times.
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1246:from the original on 18 October 2016
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688:Le Systéme du Dr Goudron et Pr Plume
623:Le Systéme du Dr Goudron et Pr Plume
596:. Several of the films exist at the
576:, where it attracted the talents of
542:adding citations to reliable sources
393:adding citations to reliable sources
74:theatre (for instance Shakespeare's
27:Theatre in the Pigalle area of Paris
929:. November 30, 1962. Archived from
886:Schneider, P. E. (March 18, 1957).
759:Hand, Richard, and Michael Wilson.
745:Hand, Richard, and Michael Wilson.
742:University Press of Kentucky, 2010.
1279:Quarterly Review of Film and Video
1269:Abbott, Stacey (11 January 2019).
814:. January 16, 1950. Archived from
763:University of Exeter Press, 2007.
749:University of Exeter Press, 2002.
25:
1380:, UK based Grand Guignol company.
1319:(B.A.). University of Louisville.
898:from the original on 23 July 2018
728:New York, The Viking Press, 1980.
625:) as well as two original plays,
464:What Ever Happened to Aunt Alice?
293:Le Laboratoire des Hallucinations
2165:1962 disestablishments in France
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452:What Ever Happened to Baby Jane?
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361:Thematic and structural analysis
303:Un Crime dans une Maison de Fous
126:, who planned it as a space for
1177:from the original on 2007-09-27
1025:from the original on 2006-05-18
991:from the original on 2007-09-27
529:needs additional citations for
380:needs additional citations for
264:A 1937 scene from Grand Guignol
979:Pierron, Agnes (Summer 1996).
775:The Journal of Popular Culture
695:La Compagnia del Grand-Guignol
32:Grand Guignol (disambiguation)
1:
2160:1897 establishments in France
1344:The dictionary definition of
1315:Hodge, Marguerite V. (1997).
1291:10.1080/10509208.2018.1499348
470:What's the Matter with Helen?
449:films that went before them.
141:The theatre owed its name to
1013:"Murders in the Rue Chaptal"
677:Revenge of the Grand Guignol
458:Hush...Hush, Sweet Charlotte
344:International Visual Theatre
249:, it was not well-attended.
110:International Visual Theatre
55:[ləteɑtʁdyɡʁɑ̃ɡiɲɔl]
892:The New York Times Magazine
717:Antona-Traversi, Cammillo.
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2155:Theatres completed in 1897
1378:Contortium Theatre Company
784:Olympian Publishing, 2010.
651:Il mondo di notte numero 3
29:
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1366:Aboutface Theatre Company
740:The Philosophy of Horror.
721:Librarie theatrale, 1933.
681:Courtyard Theatre, London
2135:Former theatres in Paris
1173:. Grand Guignol Online.
952:"What is Grand Guignol?"
662:Impact & Dr. Incubis
482:Whoever Slew Auntie Roo?
214:A Crime in the Mad House
72:Elizabethan and Jacobean
47:Théâtre du Grand-Guignol
1821:Fire-breathing monsters
1372:Compagnie Pied de Biche
1223:London Evening Standard
1167:"Excerpt from the film
777:, vol. 45, no. 2, 2012.
186:was the founder of the
58:) was a theatre in the
315:Le Baiser dans la Nuit
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220:to create plays about
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1724:Organ transplantation
1324:Hunter, Jack (2011).
1225:Retrieved 2011-01-02.
1156:Retrieved 2011-02-01.
1137:Retrieved 2011-17-01.
1052:Retrieved 2011-02-01.
985:Grand Street Magazine
806:"Paris Writhes Again"
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51:French pronunciation:
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1362:at Wikimedia Commons
921:"Outdone by Reality"
735:Da Capo Press, 1997.
706:Tales of the Bizarre
598:BFI National Archive
590:The Sisters' Tragedy
588:(whose one-act play
538:improve this article
389:improve this article
210:The Ultimate Torture
83:The Duchess of Malfi
1506:Television programs
1458:Speculative fiction
1398: /
1240:thecourtyard.org.uk
636:The Tell Tale Heart
510:Legacy and revivals
487:Grande Dame Guignol
180:'s social echelon.
1623:Zombie pornography
1402:48.8814°N 2.3331°E
1218:2010-12-13 at the
1152:2011-07-08 at the
1133:2011-07-08 at the
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1021:. March 10, 1947.
981:"House of Horrors"
724:Brown, Frederick.
309:L'Horrible Passion
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2077:Bram Stoker Award
1816:Extraterrestrials
1776:Zombie apocalypse
1734:Postmodern horror
1358:Media related to
1328:. Creation Books.
1306:Colavito, Jason.
780:Negovan, Thomas.
769:978-0-85989-792-1
755:978-0-85989-696-2
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436:Sleepy Hollow
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378:This section
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355:sign language
350:
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319:Maurice Level
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1993:Urban legend
1978:Supernatural
1943:Black comedy
1764:Weird menace
1692:Lovecraftian
1601:Splatterpunk
1581:Dark fantasy
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536:Please help
531:verification
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450:
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430:Sweeney Todd
428:
425:melodramatic
422:
407:
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387:Please help
382:verification
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275:supernatural
270:naturalistic
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247:World War II
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2041:Horror host
2024:LGBT themes
2019:Conventions
1948:Fantastique
1863:Sea monster
1811:Evil clowns
1571:Creepypasta
1511:Video games
1405: /
1077:Hunter 2011
1065:Hunter 2011
582:Noël Coward
476:Night Watch
347: [
234: [
113: [
2129:Categories
2046:Horrorcore
2029:characters
1963:Paranormal
1883:Werewolves
1848:Killer toy
1769:Weird West
1390:48°52′53″N
1250:17 October
1181:2007-04-10
1101:Hodge 1997
1029:2007-04-10
995:2007-04-10
962:2007-04-10
937:2007-04-10
853:2007-04-10
822:2007-04-10
644:mondo film
633:alongside
445:, and the
337:Buchenwald
231:Paula Maxa
194:Max Maurey
136:Max Maurey
128:naturalist
1988:Tokusatsu
1910:Skeletons
1838:Gargoyles
1759:New weird
1670:Tasmanian
1554:Christmas
1496:Magazines
1393:2°19′59″E
1299:192028583
843:"History"
792:Footnotes
642:The 1963
594:Fred Paul
574:Jose Levy
333:Holocaust
147:Lyonnaise
2101:Category
1983:Thriller
1915:Vampires
1878:Werecats
1786:Monsters
1744:Survival
1712:Werewolf
1702:Jiangshi
1697:Monsters
1682:Japanese
1665:Suburban
1655:Southern
1650:American
1596:Grimdark
1591:Faustian
1549:Cannibal
1501:Podcasts
1273:Hannibal
1244:Archived
1216:Archived
1175:Archived
1150:Archived
1131:Archived
1116:Colavito
1089:Colavito
1046:Archived
1023:Archived
989:Archived
902:10 April
896:Archived
279:hypnosis
222:insanity
2060:Related
2036:Macabre
2014:Writers
1958:Mystery
1927:Witches
1920:Zombies
1905:Mummies
1868:Piranha
1853:Mutants
1831:Dragons
1826:Chimera
1707:Vampire
1489:History
1263:Sources
1171:(1963)"
679:at the
326:Closure
143:Guignol
100:Theatre
60:Pigalle
2113:Portal
1973:Shenmo
1900:Ghosts
1890:Undead
1804:Ghouls
1799:Devils
1794:Demons
1749:Techno
1687:Korean
1645:Gothic
1640:Giallo
1608:Erotic
1576:Cosmic
1564:Zombie
1559:Comedy
1479:Comics
1297:
767:
753:
584:, and
442:Quills
68:amoral
64:horror
2002:Other
1895:Death
1858:Ogres
1843:Kaiju
1675:Urban
1635:Ghost
1539:Black
1527:Types
1484:Films
1474:Anime
1467:Media
1295:S2CID
351:]
317:, by
295:, by
283:panic
281:, or
256:Plays
238:]
178:Paris
117:]
1630:Folk
1613:Guro
1544:Body
1516:list
1252:2016
1169:Ecco
1018:Time
926:Time
904:2007
811:Time
765:ISBN
751:ISBN
647:Ecco
629:and
479:and
86:and
45:The
1534:Art
1287:doi
540:by
391:by
2131::
1293:.
1283:35
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1108:^
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639:.
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357:.
349:fr
236:fr
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115:fr
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49:(
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20:)
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