33:
124:
coronations, weddings and important meetings. There might be over 200 such scenes illustrated, often collected together as individual compartments in a full-page miniature with a decorated framework. By the mid-15th century the number of illustrations was fewer, around 50 even in lavish copies, but the miniatures were larger, and now had lovingly detailed landscape or interior backgrounds. Scenes of ceremonial moments, now often including large crowds, had become more popular, though battles retained their place.
235:
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s existence, its audience was carefully circumscribed: its readership was centered in the royal court at Paris, and its owners included French kings, members of the royal family and the court, and a few highly connected clerics in northern France. During this period, there were no copies of the work
311:
But from the mid-15th century a number of unillustrated copies survive "on paper or on mixtures of parchment and paper that belonged (when provenance is known) to secretaries and notaries and to members of the
Parlement. These inexpensive books filled a practical need; they provided a chronology for
123:
Following the contemporary styles of illustration seen in other manuscripts, early copies had mostly fairly small scenes, normally with a patterned background rather than a landscape or interior setting. In front of this a number of figures were engaged in key historical moments, especially battles,
119:
It survives in approximately 130 manuscripts, varying in the richness, number and artistic style of their illuminations, copied and amended for royal and courtly patrons, the central work of vernacular official historiography. Over 75 copies are illustrated, with between one and over 400 scenes
350:, who specialized in such hybrids, and normal editions by others, but by around 1500 the work seems to have been regarded as outdated, and was replaced by other texts. Altogether only four early print editions were made, all in Paris. These were in 1477, 1493, 1514 and 1518.
264:
by
Parisian artists. These were mostly derived from other manuscript sources, but ingeniously focused into a coherent programme of illustration reflecting the points the abbey wished the king to absorb, regarding both its own aspirations and the nature of kingship in general.
96:, most manuscripts of which are luxury copies that are heavily illuminated. Copies were produced between the thirteenth and fifteenth centuries, the text being extended at intervals to cover recent events. It was first compiled in the reign of
459:
Hedeman, 180; note 5: "Of the approximately 30 copies of the
Grandes Chroniques that survive from the mid-fifteenth century, at least 20 were unillustrated; of these 20, 18 were written on paper or on paper gatherings with outer leaves of
491:
312:
persons charged with maintaining the state archives and doubtless also assisted them in their increasingly common role as writers of history". Latterly, under the Valois
563:
104:
to his own time, in an official chronography whose dissemination was tightly controlled. It was continued under his successors until completed in 1461. It covers the
148:(1223). The continuations of the text were drafted first at Saint-Denis and then at the court in Paris. Its final form brought the chronicle down to the death of
366:
Hedeman xx; she was able to locate 131 MS., and has "included at the end of the book a
Catalogue of Manuscripts dating from 1274 to c. 1420".
155:
There are also
Burgundian variants, which give a different account of the final period, a product of the dissention which finally led to the
120:
shown; analysis of the selections of subjects reveals the changing political preoccupations of the different classes of patrons over time.
573:
320:
156:
530:
422:
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T. Voronova and A Sterligov, Western
European Illuminated Manuscripts (in the St Petersburg Public Library), 2003, Sirocco, London
323:, representing most of what survives from the medieval English royal library, one may have come to England after the capture of
180:
56:
568:
32:
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of Saint Bertin, aimed to promote Philip's claim to the French throne. He is shown handing over the work to Philip in the
545:
289:
140:, who were, from the thirteenth century, official historiographers to the French kings. As first written, the
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dynasties of French kings, with illustrations depicting personages and events from virtually all their reigns.
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184:
60:
277:
253:
201:
172:
336:
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137:
269:
261:
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had its origin as a French translation of the Latin histories written and updated by the monks of
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97:
526:
418:
347:
324:
313:
209:
93:
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Bernard Guenée, "Les
Grandes Chroniques de France : Le roman aux rois (1274–1518)", in
293:
113:
48:
40:
17:
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in 1487, commissioned by the
Treasurer of the English enclave for presentation to the new
285:
160:
36:
234:
557:
188:
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100:(d. 1270), who wished to preserve the history of the Franks, from the coming of the
71:
281:
246:
518:, which exemplify different pictorial solutions to the problem of illustrating it.
144:
traced the history of the French kings from their origins in Troy to the death of
219:
195:
109:
105:
511:
176:
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The Royal Image: Illustrations of the
Grandes Chroniques de France, 1274–1422
305:
331:(Ms Royal 19 D. ii). An unusually late copy, never finished, was begun in
79:
75:
215:
343:
339:. The miniatures that were completed seem to be by English artists.
332:
316:, it spread there as well, and copies were given to foreign royalty.
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The book covers five royal and fifteen nonroyal manuscripts of the
260:
in about 1274, with 36 miniatures (many with multiple scenes) and
242:
233:
70:
31:
417:. Collection: La Pochothèque. Paris: Fayard, 1992. pp. 294–297.
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up to 1327, and then
Flemish chronicles from the monasteries of
101:
67:. This book contains the Burgundian version for later periods.
273:
268:
Especially fine are the lavishly illustrated copies made for
346:, which were then illuminated, were produced in Paris by
163:'s copy follows the Paris text up to 1226, but then uses
521:
McKendrick, Scot; Lowden, John; Doyle, Kathleen, (eds),
92:
is a vernacular royal compilation of the history of the
450:, ed. Pierre Nora (Paris, Gallimard, 1986), pp 189–214.
206:, also known as the "Pseudo-Turpin Chronicle", and the
414:Dictionnaire des lettres françaises: Le Moyen Age
319:Of the three copies (not all complete) in the
523:Royal Manuscripts, The Genius of Illumination
510:(Berkeley: University of California Press)
8:
412:
284:(1455–1460, BnF, Ms. Fr. 6465, above) and
207:
199:
252:The earliest surviving version is that of
411:Geneviève Hasenohr and Michel Zink, eds.
481:McKendrick et al., 350–351; Hedeman, 181
564:French-language chronicles about France
433:Hedeman, 11; 11-29 describes this fully
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63:is in the book itself, which is now in
194:Sources for material on the reign of
7:
256:, a copy of which was presented to
321:Royal manuscripts, British Library
25:
549:, edition of text by Paulin Paris
59:on 1 January 1457. As often this
547:Les Grandes chroniques de France
304:that belonged to members of the
299:For the first 150 years of the
27:Medieval illustrated manuscript
402:Voronova and Sterligov, p. 120
1:
470:"Royal Vernacular Chronicles"
308:or the university community.
157:Armagnac–Burgundian Civil War
134:Grandes Chroniques de France
89:Grandes Chroniques de France
53:Grandes Chroniques de France
18:Grandes chroniques de France
512:online text (unillustrated)
590:
574:15th-century history books
218:. Other sources included
82:and his sons, 14th-century
51:, accepts his copy of the
525:, 2011, British Library,
290:Russian National Library
288:of Burgundy, now in the
506:Hedeman, Anne D. 1991.
413:
249:
208:
200:
185:presentation miniature
179:. The compiler, Abbot
83:
76:Clovis I of the Franks
68:
61:presentation miniature
569:Illuminated histories
278:Charles VII of France
254:Primat de Saint-Denis
237:
202:Historia Caroli Magni
74:
35:
448:Les lieux de mémoire
337:Henry VII of England
262:historiated initials
258:Philip III of France
492:note 12 to page 181
301:Grandes Chroniques'
270:Charles V of France
239:Philip II of France
181:Guillaume Fillastre
165:Guillaume de Nangis
150:Charles V of France
146:Philip II of France
57:Guillaume Fillastre
516:Grandes Chroniques
446:, vol. 1, pt. 2,
342:Printed copies on
329:Battle of Poitiers
250:
191:in Philip's copy.
175:and Notre Dame at
142:Grandes Chroniques
84:
69:
43:, with Chancellor
472:, British Library
325:John II of France
314:Dukes of Burgundy
280:, illuminated by
276:, Ms. Fr. 2813),
210:Vita Karoli Magni
94:Kingdom of France
16:(Redirected from
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375:Hedeman, xx–xxii
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294:Saint Petersburg
224:Life of Louis VI
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49:Charles the Bold
41:Duke of Burgundy
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296:(1457, above).
286:Philip the Good
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161:Philip the Good
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47:and the future
37:Philip the Good
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540:External links
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348:Antoine VĂ©rard
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159:in 1407–1435.
152:in the 1380s.
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198:included the
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189:Simon Marmion
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45:Nicolas Rolin
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384:Hedeman, 180
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327:1356 at the
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282:Jean Fouquet
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247:Jean Fouquet
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173:Saint Bertin
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88:
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460:parchment."
230:Manuscripts
220:Abbot Suger
196:Charlemagne
138:Saint-Denis
110:Carolingian
106:Merovingian
98:Saint Louis
558:Categories
501:References
177:Saint-Omer
490:Hedeman,
444:La Nation
306:Parlement
245:in 1189.
241:captures
169:Chronicon
114:Capetian
80:Clotilde
216:Einhard
102:Trojans
529:
421:
344:vellum
333:Calais
112:, and
354:Notes
243:Tours
55:from
527:ISBN
419:ISBN
132:The
128:Text
86:The
274:BnF
222:'s
214:by
187:by
560::
292:,
226:.
167:'
108:,
78:,
39:,
272:(
20:)
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