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196:, a London merchant who owned plantations in Jamaica and who possessed a zeal for designing gardens. Vaughan planted trees and other plants and added winding walkways through groves and arbors and water features. "The place was a veritable fairy scene, with bowers, grottoes, waterfalls, bridges, islands, and a most attractive Inn, with tables set upon the greensward," according to a 1922 history journal. In effect, Vaughan created "American's first public pleasure park." The gardens turned the tavern from merely a travelers' waypoint into a resort spot, easily reached from the city for meals and day trips.
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In 1825, the inn was taken over by Maria's older brother, Martin Henry I Kochersperger. Martin renamed the establishment Sans Souci; it was also known as
Kochersperger’s Hotel. Martin was the uncle of Elizabeth Deshong Kochersperger, who in 1838 gave birth to
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Philadelphia, Wilmington and
Baltimore Railroad Guide: Containing a Description of the Scenery, Rivers, Towns, Villages, and Objects of Interest Along the Line of Road : Including Historical Sketches, Legends,
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From 1795 to 1803, the inn was run by George Weed. Weed was the assistant quartermaster of the Second Troop of
Philadelphia City Cavalry, a volunteer military unit established in 1794 on the model of the
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132:). The land lay near the "Lower Ferry", one of three across the Schuylkill and the primary link between Philadelphia and points south. Gray took over operation of the ferry, which came to be known as
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After Weed, the inn passed quickly through several hands: in 1803, to Isaac Tucker; in 1804, to James Coyles, who had run an establishment called the "Indian Queen" on
Philadelphia's Fourth Street.
303:), who had immigrated around 1770 to Strasburg Township, Lancaster County, near Philadelphia. Johann served as an enlisted soldier in the Revolutionary War; afterward, he moved first to
189:. The buildings were all but destroyed when they were forced out, but the pontoon bridge survived and was kept in use. Gray rebuilt the house and gardens and returned to business.
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eager to escape hot and humid
Philadelphia came to the tavern. In his diaries, Washington noted visits on May 18, June 26, July 17, and September 2. At dawn on July 14,
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and several others rode out from
Philadelphia, ate breakfast on the tavern's "high porch overlooking the river", and returned for the day's deliberations.
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The inn was established in the mid-1700s by a George Gray, who had purchased 199 acres of land on both sides of the river in what was then
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At some point, the younger Curtis married Maria Eva
Kochersperger, the second daughter of Johann Martin Kochersperger, a native of
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of "The West Bank of the River, South of Gray's Ferry Bridge: The Front of What was
Formerly the Beautiful Gray's Garden."
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1784-1790 Gray's
Gardens in Philadelphia - Samuel Vaughn & the art of the "natural" & very profitable garden
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and Robert Gray. The sons expanded the operations; the inn became known as "Lower Ferry House" or "Gray's Tavern."
52:"Schuylkill River at Gray’s Ferry", by P. Clark, ca. 1835. Shows the inn and garden on the west bank of the river.
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was the guest of honor at a dinner at the tavern shortly after he was appointed commander-in-chief of the
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The innkeeper's house at Gray's Ferry Inn, ca. 1870s. In the foreground are flatcars belonging to the
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Founding
Gardeners: The Revolutionary Generation, Nature, and the Shaping of the American Nation
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Mirror of a City: Views of Philadelphia Recently Acquired from the Jay T. Snider Collection
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87:) was a restaurant and inn that operated in the 18th and 19th centuries in present-day
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In the early 1780s, several acres of the landscape around the tavern were reshaped by
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http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=rubelli&id=I15030
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In 1805, the inn passed to Curtis Grubb, a fourth-generation member of the
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and then "acquired a vast tract of land near Gray's Ferry on Darby Road."
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for travel to and from points south of Philadelphia, the tavern hosted
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By 1856, a guidebook noted that "Gray's Garden has become a memory."
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401:"Collection of information about Martin Henry I Kochersperger, USA"
270:"The decline of Gray's resort began with the opening, in 1803, of
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The Papers of Robert Morris, 1781-1784: April 16-July 20, 1782
545:"Gray's Ferry and Gardens; A Bartram House on Woodland Avenue"
354:"Lippincott's Magazine of Literature, Science and Education"
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Description of gardens from Library Company of Philadelphia
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In 1740, Gray retired, leaving the business to his sons,
774:. Philadelphia: Fitzgibbon & Van Ness. pp.
709:"Branch Johann Martin I Kochersperger, Philadelphia"
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718:. Kochersperger Genealogie Projekt. Archived from
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437:The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography
207:in August 1864. The piazza was added around 1795.
581:"Kochersperger, Johann Martin I * Nov. 11, 1752"
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236:Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad
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433:"The Second Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry"
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330:In 1848, the inn was kept by a Mr. Olwine.
746:"Kochersperger, Charles II * Feb. 8, 1826"
493:. University of Virginia Press. pp.
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103:and many other famous people of its day.
843:Buildings and structures in Philadelphia
716:Kochersperger, Charles II * Feb. 8, 1826
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242:In 1793, Dolley Todd — the future
651:"Philadelphia's Changing Neighborhoods"
615:Längenberger Familien und Zugeheiratete
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203:The inn at Gray's Ferry, as painted by
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661:from the original on October 16, 2012
463:. Random House Digital. p. 304.
272:the permanent bridge at Market Street
265:First Troop Philadelphia City Cavalry
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684:. Kochersperger Genealogie Projekt.
583:. Kochersperger Genealogie Projekt.
258:Subsequent owners (1795–1800s)
848:1740 establishments in Pennsylvania
657:. Library Company of Philadelphia.
748:. Kochersperger Genealogie Projekt
688:from the original on March 6, 2016
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403:. Kochersperger Genealogie Projekt
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319:, who commanded the Union Army's
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632:from the original on 2009-06-22
525:from the original on 2012-12-16
431:Dorland, W. A. Newman (1922).
1:
519:"The Yellow Fever Connection"
485:Ketcham, Ralph Louis (1990).
112:Gray family (1740–1795)
818:Biography of Samuel Vaughan
156:Second Continental Congress
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489:James Madison: A Biography
321:71st Pennsylvania Infantry
211:In 1787, delegates to the
183:American Revolutionary War
767:Dare, Charles P. (1856).
543:Taylor, Frank (c. 1913).
282:Grubb Family Iron Dynasty
213:Constitutional Convention
682:"An insolvency petition"
325:Battle of the Wilderness
288:and grandson of Colonel
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853:History of Philadelphia
626:"Kochersperger's Hotel"
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317:Charles Kochersperger
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744:Guggisberg, Daniel.
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804:Philadelphia portal
286:Peter Grubb III Jr.
158:. He was joined by
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305:Northern Liberties
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61:Lower Ferry House
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407:December 3,
181:During the
141:George Gray
126:Moyamensing
37: /
837:Categories
812:1924 photo
636:2012-12-03
529:2012-12-03
337:References
160:John Adams
81:Sans Souci
69:Gray's Inn
25:75°12′25″W
22:39°56′31″N
686:Archived
659:Archived
630:Archived
609:Archived
585:Archived
523:Archived
443:: 73–74.
360:. 1870.
154:by the
107:History
95:at the
780:grays.
771:&c
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301:France
223:, and
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124:) and
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552:2015
499:ISBN
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409:2012
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