1399:
4109:
2046:
44:
127:
and believed that the area could be transformed into a "great
European state or system of states" in the near future, eventually leading to a "chain of white states which will in the end become one from the Union to Kenya". Smuts believed this expansion would finally lead South Africa to become "one
215:
rights in
Bechuanaland unnecessary, and thus its transfer to the Union was halted. Rhodesia, functioning as a British counterweight to Afrikaner dominance, had laid claims to at least a part of Bechuanaland, and thus it was increasingly in British interests to transfer the latter from the South
159:
in 1910 was seen as the first step in bringing about the unification of the
British-held territories in Southern Africa. The British initially supported the territorial enlargement of the South African State. Neither the British nor the South Africans expected London's continuing imperial
199:
after the Prime
Minister. Even future fulfilment of the territorial objects in Portuguese Mozambique – by the means of a purchase approved unanimously by the South African cabinet – were looked upon favorably, despite Portugal being a member of the
419:
Robert Jaster, South
African Defense Strategy and the Growing Influence of the Military. In William J. Foltz, Henry S. Bienen (eds.), Arms and the African: Military Influences on Africa’s International Relations (New Haven 1985) p.
235:
as the new prime minister. The
British were suspicious of the anti-imperial and pro-Afrikaner Hertzog compared to the anglophile Smuts, and became less willing to meet South African territorial demands.
3918:
176:
made provisions for admitting
Rhodesia as a fifth province of the Union in the future, and laid out the terms for the potential future transfer of the High Commission Territories. Prime Minister
2082:
652:
2712:
1325:
2003:
4148:
3485:
657:
227:
Without
Rhodesia, Smuts' projections for further South African expansion northward became impossible to actualize and his aspirations towards Mozambique difficult to accomplish.
625:
2008:
2943:
2663:
4088:
4022:
4095:
1646:
3590:
2863:
2670:
2075:
1541:
4153:
3904:
3883:
3744:
2677:
1585:
208:
630:
3506:
2856:
1318:
1689:
3422:
3338:
2793:
2772:
1630:
1410:
3876:
2719:
2911:
143:
feared that the incorporation of
British territories near South Africa would result in a state with a much larger black majority than in the then-current
4143:
4113:
3555:
2068:
1272:
2548:
111:
now being its geographical capital. Although the initial objective of Smuts' expansion plan was the
Zambesi, he took great geopolitical interest in the
3939:
3800:
3723:
3013:
1988:
1497:
4081:
3869:
3604:
2936:
1983:
1622:
1311:
738:
2430:
2368:
3862:
3667:
3415:
3296:
2879:
1679:
1505:
964:
247:(in office 1958-1966), the concept of an incorporation of Southern African territories into a white-dominated South Africa revived, aiming now at
3709:
3960:
3925:
3443:
2656:
2377:
1801:
1452:
886:
2511:
3834:
3401:
1806:
571:
169:
4050:
3841:
3751:
3373:
1579:
1246:
672:
228:
3987:
3932:
3848:
3695:
3359:
2922:
2605:
2575:
1667:
1378:
32:
2488:
3946:
3911:
3855:
3380:
3345:
3034:
2499:
1917:
1602:
1547:
1121:
1101:
947:
493:
470:
4133:
3730:
3597:
3576:
3534:
3076:
2050:
1726:
1597:
997:
3660:
3499:
2684:
2598:
2541:
1741:
1573:
3890:
3653:
3569:
3450:
3436:
3408:
2691:
2635:
2018:
1591:
1442:
1091:
195:
to South Africa in 1919, although Smuts looked to formally incorporating the territory. He suggested naming this new territory
2828:
3639:
3548:
3303:
3062:
1472:
1086:
917:
700:
539:
516:
447:
19:
During the late 19th century and early 20th century, a number of South African and British political leaders advocated for a
3793:
3779:
3702:
3583:
3541:
3520:
3394:
2957:
2835:
2619:
2341:
1383:
1189:
1096:
212:
4057:
4001:
3827:
3716:
3688:
3625:
3317:
3175:
1617:
1535:
1447:
1388:
1348:
1116:
1106:
1081:
959:
59:
repeatedly had called for South African expansion since 1895, envisioning a future South African border along the river
2842:
3994:
3897:
3772:
3681:
3527:
2886:
2023:
1993:
1910:
1831:
1111:
642:
508:
211:
saw the colony of Southern Rhodesia reject joining the Union. This decision made the South African acquisition of the
88:
3464:
2985:
2893:
2849:
2642:
2520:
2419:
2033:
1963:
1796:
1736:
1487:
1467:
1457:
1230:
780:
485:
439:
184:
180:
agreed with Smuts that the South African annexation of the High Commission Territories was only a matter of time.
4008:
3646:
3478:
3471:
3429:
3143:
3090:
2978:
2929:
2726:
2384:
2028:
1953:
1684:
1662:
1652:
1437:
1398:
1172:
564:
240:
188:
3820:
3083:
2751:
1998:
1973:
1761:
1641:
1558:
1462:
1334:
866:
192:
112:
68:
2391:
216:
African sphere of influence. The British were also disappointed with the South African parliament passing the
3457:
3352:
3219:
3069:
2950:
2698:
2481:
2013:
1843:
462:
3027:
2992:
2210:
1786:
1515:
1373:
1206:
901:
662:
217:
104:
3562:
3492:
3387:
3282:
3136:
2786:
2582:
2495:
2290:
2110:
1958:
1943:
1751:
1657:
1432:
1353:
1009:
976:
927:
844:
690:
201:
173:
156:
144:
140:
120:
76:
4138:
3310:
2964:
2900:
2649:
2412:
2405:
2357:
2140:
1903:
1276:
1060:
871:
695:
637:
557:
116:
3765:
3737:
3611:
3129:
3122:
3055:
3020:
2971:
2467:
2274:
1896:
1776:
1721:
1699:
1427:
1368:
1225:
1076:
1048:
1041:
954:
854:
849:
80:
2474:
1875:
1849:
1256:
1251:
937:
828:
808:
770:
594:
4043:
4029:
3366:
3182:
3006:
2612:
2202:
2132:
1948:
1868:
1144:
1053:
861:
760:
728:
721:
535:
512:
489:
466:
443:
161:
129:
72:
3967:
3331:
3041:
2821:
2527:
2282:
2250:
2186:
1978:
1837:
1674:
1553:
1031:
733:
667:
244:
232:
3289:
3203:
3097:
2765:
2705:
2626:
2350:
2234:
2226:
2218:
2194:
1938:
1824:
1791:
1746:
1707:
1636:
1280:
1184:
1162:
1139:
1014:
992:
971:
942:
932:
922:
604:
599:
124:
220:, which created the land tenure system which eventually became one of the foundations of
4036:
3758:
3632:
3275:
3189:
2872:
2814:
2807:
2800:
2534:
2460:
2306:
2266:
1756:
1563:
1477:
1220:
1036:
1004:
775:
765:
745:
716:
133:
28:
4127:
3953:
3674:
2779:
2758:
2744:
2737:
2446:
1781:
1766:
1568:
1530:
1482:
1363:
1201:
881:
818:
813:
792:
2060:
3618:
3227:
3048:
2999:
2178:
2092:
1968:
1167:
823:
96:
43:
528:
3211:
2170:
1889:
1019:
896:
891:
876:
785:
755:
580:
177:
84:
24:
3786:
3324:
2453:
2398:
2258:
2242:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1211:
1177:
647:
92:
3245:
3236:
3167:
2589:
2566:
2555:
1882:
1771:
1525:
1194:
750:
256:
221:
165:
100:
56:
1303:
4015:
3513:
3158:
2298:
2155:
268:
248:
108:
2439:
1358:
436:
The Lion and the Springbok: Britain and South Africa Since the Boer War
252:
64:
60:
3150:
2322:
2101:
1731:
1024:
530:
Namibia Under South African Rule: Mobility & Containment, 1915–46
48:
107:
protectorate from 1890–99) were to be included in this state, with
2314:
42:
2064:
1307:
553:
259:
which became independent from the United Kingdom in 1966-1968.
139:
Smuts' expansionist aims received weak domestic white support.
549:
505:
South Africa in Africa: A Study in Ideology and Foreign Policy
1397:
231:
brought the end of Smuts' premiership and the election of
47:
Map shows the location of River Zambesi, the hypothetical
4071:
3977:
3810:
3265:
3256:
3114:
2910:
2565:
2510:
2429:
2367:
2340:
2333:
2099:
1931:
1858:
1816:
1715:
1698:
1616:
1513:
1496:
1420:
1409:
1341:
1239:
1155:
1132:
1069:
985:
910:
837:
801:
709:
683:
618:
587:
527:
243:(1948-1994), especially under the premiership of
1647:People Against Suffering, Oppression and Poverty
209:Southern Rhodesian government referendum of 1922
183:The British approved Smuts' war aims during the
172:to be the ultimate territorial arrangement: the
2864:Storming of the Kempton Park World Trade Centre
1542:Congress of Traditional Leaders of South Africa
318:
316:
2076:
1319:
565:
16:Territories of a white-dominated South Africa
8:
4149:South Africa and the Commonwealth of Nations
344:
342:
340:
1586:South African Liberal Students' Association
3262:
2337:
2083:
2069:
2061:
1813:
1417:
1326:
1312:
1304:
572:
558:
550:
306:
304:
229:The South African general election of 1924
2937:Reconstruction and Development Programme
406:
404:
2549:1946 African Mine Workers' Union strike
358:
356:
354:
330:
328:
294:
292:
279:
3014:2012 Western Cape farm workers' strike
136:", the equal of Australia and Canada.
4154:Political terminology in South Africa
434:Hyam, Ronald; Henshaw, Peter (2003).
75:, and at least the southern parts of
7:
1580:People Against Gangsterism and Drugs
380:Hyam & Henshaw 2003, pp. 110–111
310:Hyam & Henshaw 2003, pp. 103–105
27:can be regarded as an early form of
2944:Truth and Reconciliation Commission
2606:Coloured-vote constitutional crisis
1668:Western Cape Anti-Eviction Campaign
51:of an enlarged South African state.
33:White Africans of European ancestry
1603:Zabalaza Anarchist Communist Front
1548:Congress of South African Students
14:
4144:Political history of South Africa
4096:Pan Africanist Congress of Azania
3731:South African Party (Cape Colony)
4108:
4107:
2045:
2044:
1838:"Dubul' ibhunu" (Shoot the Boer)
1574:Lesbian and Gay Equality Project
482:Understanding the British Empire
187:of 1914-1915, and supported the
3745:South African Party (1977–1980)
3738:South African Party (1911–1934)
3654:Progressive Party (Cape Colony)
3451:Genootskap van Regte Afrikaners
1592:South African Students Congress
410:Hyam & Henshaw 2003, p. 112
398:Hyam & Henshaw 2003, p. 111
362:Hyam & Henshaw 2003, p. 110
334:Hyam & Henshaw 2003, p. 102
298:Hyam & Henshaw 2003, p. 103
119:. Smuts was impressed with the
3063:2019 service delivery protests
3049:#FeesMustFall student protests
2794:1983 constitutional referendum
1506:South Africa political parties
1:
3521:Johannesburg Reform Committee
2159:
2144:
2121:
2114:
1742:(Don't) touch me on my studio
1598:South African Wine Initiative
838:Eastern and Southeastern Asia
213:British South African Company
103:, the last one having been a
31:, albeit strictly limited to
3176:Black Consciousness Movement
2930:Government of National Unity
1690:Unemployed Peoples' Movement
1536:Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging
503:Nolutshungu, Sam C. (1975).
2887:Saint James Church massacre
2773:Weapons of mass destruction
1918:No Land! No House! No Vote!
1832:No Land! No House! No Vote!
534:. James Currey Publishers.
509:Manchester University Press
239:In the Afrikaner-dominated
170:High Commission Territories
89:High Commission Territories
4170:
2643:1957 Alexandra bus boycott
2521:South West Africa campaign
2420:Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814
2385:French Huguenot settlement
911:Central and Eastern Europe
486:Cambridge University Press
440:Cambridge University Press
185:South-West Africa Campaign
4105:
4082:African National Congress
3542:Liberal Party (1953–1968)
2880:1992 apartheid referendum
2042:
1685:Treatment Action Campaign
1663:Landless Peoples Movement
1631:South Africa trade unions
1395:
1273:Border changes since 1914
1265:
4134:Pan-Africanism in Africa
3535:Labour Party (1969–1994)
3528:Labour Party (1910–1958)
3084:2020 Phala Phala Robbery
3042:#RhodesMustFall protests
2657:1960 republic referendum
2004:Political assassinations
1680:Social Justice Coalition
1642:Mandela Park Backyarders
1335:Politics of South Africa
948:unification with Moldova
631:Turks and Caicos Islands
526:Hayes, Patricia (1998).
193:German South-West Africa
113:East Africa Protectorate
79:(especially the port of
69:German South-West Africa
3980:terrorist organisations
3070:2019 Johannesburg riots
2699:Constructive engagement
2664:International isolation
2482:Witwatersrand Gold Rush
1844:One Settler, One Bullet
998:unification with Kosovo
463:Oxford University Press
322:Nolutshungu 1975, p. 33
128:of the greatest future
2993:Attack on Kennedy Road
2620:Congress of the People
2211:South African Republic
1802:Anti-Chinese sentiment
1787:White monopoly capital
1653:Poor People's Alliance
1403:
1207:Greater Germanic Reich
1005:Bosnia and Herzegovina
457:Schwarz, Bill (2012).
241:Apartheid South Africa
141:Afrikaner nationalists
52:
3563:Natal Indian Congress
3283:Afrikaner Broederbond
3137:Afrikaner nationalism
2923:1994 general election
2894:Bophuthatswana crisis
2787:Church Street bombing
2583:Apartheid legislation
2576:1948 general election
2496:South Africa Act 1909
2291:Union of South Africa
2111:Kingdom of Mapungubwe
2091:Political history of
1989:Legacies of apartheid
1850:"Each One, Teach One"
1807:Anti-Indian sentiment
1752:Proudly South African
1658:Abahlali baseMjondolo
1433:Afrikaner nationalism
1401:
1195:Annexation of Austria
480:Hyam, Ronald (2010).
459:The White Man's World
174:South Africa Act 1909
157:Union of South Africa
155:The formation of the
145:Union of South Africa
77:Portuguese Mozambique
46:
3197:Greater South Africa
3035:2014 platinum strike
2901:Shell House massacre
2829:Transkei coup d'état
2650:Sharpeville massacre
2413:Battle of Blaauwberg
2406:Battle of Muizenberg
2358:Battle of Salt River
2141:Mthethwa Paramountcy
2009:Political repression
1904:Long Walk to Freedom
1402:Flag of South Africa
855:annexation of Taiwan
348:Schwarz 2012, p. 302
286:Schwarz 2012, p. 301
39:Theoretical planning
21:Greater South Africa
4089:Democratic Alliance
3266:Civic and political
3130:Afrikaner Calvinism
3123:African nationalism
2972:African Renaissance
2678:UNSC Resolution 591
2599:Internal resistance
2500:National Convention
2468:Transvaal Civil War
2392:Khoikhoi–Dutch Wars
2275:Orange River Colony
1999:Phala Phala robbery
1897:I Write What I Like
1722:African Renaissance
1448:Black consciousness
1428:African nationalism
160:responsibility for
2836:Ciskei coup d'état
2671:UN Resolution 1761
2636:Women's March 1956
2489:South African Wars
2475:Mineral Revolution
1404:
739:Western Azerbaijan
673:Dominican Republic
53:
4121:
4120:
4074:political parties
4067:
4066:
4044:Orde van die Dood
3661:Progressive Party
3367:Congress Alliance
3183:Cape Independence
3115:Political culture
3110:
3109:
3077:COVID-19 pandemic
3007:Marikana massacre
2843:Venda coup d'état
2613:Defiance Campaign
2203:Orange Free State
2133:Dutch Cape Colony
2058:
2057:
1949:Cape Independence
1927:
1926:
1869:African Communist
1825:Amandla Ngawethu!
1727:Alternative media
1716:Political culture
1708:South African law
1612:
1611:
1498:Political parties
1301:
1300:
1268:Related concepts:
389:Hyam 2010, p. 349
371:Hayes 1998, p. 46
121:British colonists
87:) along with the
73:Southern Rhodesia
4161:
4111:
4110:
4098:
4091:
4084:
4060:
4053:
4046:
4039:
4032:
4025:
4018:
4011:
4004:
3997:
3990:
3978:Paramilitary and
3970:
3968:Umkosi Wezintaba
3963:
3956:
3949:
3942:
3935:
3928:
3921:
3914:
3907:
3900:
3893:
3886:
3879:
3872:
3865:
3858:
3851:
3844:
3837:
3830:
3823:
3813:social movements
3811:Trade unions and
3803:
3796:
3789:
3782:
3775:
3768:
3761:
3754:
3747:
3740:
3733:
3726:
3719:
3712:
3705:
3698:
3691:
3684:
3677:
3670:
3663:
3656:
3649:
3642:
3635:
3628:
3621:
3614:
3607:
3600:
3593:
3586:
3579:
3572:
3565:
3558:
3551:
3544:
3537:
3530:
3523:
3516:
3509:
3502:
3495:
3488:
3481:
3474:
3467:
3460:
3453:
3446:
3439:
3432:
3425:
3418:
3411:
3404:
3397:
3390:
3383:
3376:
3369:
3362:
3355:
3348:
3341:
3334:
3332:Boerestaat Party
3327:
3320:
3313:
3306:
3299:
3292:
3285:
3278:
3263:
3249:
3240:
3231:
3222:
3215:
3206:
3199:
3192:
3185:
3178:
3171:
3162:
3153:
3146:
3139:
3132:
3125:
3103:
3093:
3086:
3079:
3072:
3065:
3058:
3051:
3044:
3037:
3030:
3023:
3016:
3009:
3002:
2995:
2988:
2981:
2974:
2967:
2960:
2953:
2946:
2939:
2932:
2925:
2903:
2896:
2889:
2882:
2875:
2866:
2859:
2852:
2845:
2838:
2831:
2824:
2822:Dakar Conference
2817:
2810:
2803:
2796:
2789:
2782:
2775:
2768:
2761:
2754:
2747:
2740:
2729:
2722:
2715:
2713:Sporting boycott
2708:
2701:
2694:
2687:
2685:Academic boycott
2680:
2673:
2666:
2659:
2652:
2645:
2638:
2629:
2622:
2615:
2608:
2601:
2592:
2585:
2578:
2558:
2551:
2544:
2542:Great Depression
2537:
2530:
2528:Maritz rebellion
2523:
2503:
2491:
2484:
2477:
2470:
2463:
2456:
2449:
2442:
2422:
2415:
2408:
2401:
2394:
2387:
2380:
2378:Dutch settlement
2360:
2353:
2351:Bantu migrations
2338:
2326:
2318:
2310:
2302:
2294:
2286:
2283:Transvaal Colony
2278:
2270:
2262:
2254:
2251:Nieuwe Republiek
2246:
2238:
2230:
2222:
2214:
2206:
2198:
2190:
2187:Natalia Republic
2182:
2174:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2156:Ndwandwe Kingdom
2151:
2149:
2146:
2136:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2119:
2116:
2085:
2078:
2071:
2062:
2048:
2047:
1984:Land occupations
1979:Labour brokering
1911:Molotov Cocktail
1814:
1675:Reclaim the City
1623:Social movements
1554:Earthlife Africa
1453:Environmentalism
1418:
1328:
1321:
1314:
1305:
1252:Papua New Guinea
574:
567:
560:
551:
545:
533:
522:
499:
476:
453:
421:
417:
411:
408:
399:
396:
390:
387:
381:
378:
372:
369:
363:
360:
349:
346:
335:
332:
323:
320:
311:
308:
299:
296:
287:
284:
245:Hendrik Verwoerd
233:J. B. M. Hertzog
218:Natives Land Act
81:Lourenço Marques
4169:
4168:
4164:
4163:
4162:
4160:
4159:
4158:
4124:
4123:
4122:
4117:
4101:
4094:
4087:
4080:
4073:
4063:
4056:
4049:
4042:
4035:
4028:
4021:
4014:
4007:
4000:
3993:
3986:
3979:
3973:
3966:
3959:
3952:
3945:
3938:
3931:
3924:
3917:
3910:
3903:
3896:
3889:
3882:
3875:
3868:
3861:
3854:
3847:
3840:
3833:
3826:
3819:
3812:
3806:
3799:
3792:
3785:
3778:
3771:
3764:
3757:
3750:
3743:
3736:
3729:
3722:
3715:
3708:
3701:
3694:
3687:
3680:
3673:
3666:
3659:
3652:
3645:
3638:
3631:
3624:
3617:
3610:
3603:
3596:
3589:
3582:
3575:
3568:
3561:
3554:
3547:
3540:
3533:
3526:
3519:
3512:
3505:
3498:
3491:
3484:
3479:HNP (Herstigte)
3477:
3472:HNP (Herenigde)
3470:
3463:
3456:
3449:
3442:
3435:
3428:
3421:
3414:
3407:
3400:
3393:
3386:
3379:
3372:
3365:
3358:
3351:
3344:
3337:
3330:
3323:
3316:
3309:
3302:
3295:
3290:Afrikaner Party
3288:
3281:
3274:
3267:
3258:
3252:
3243:
3234:
3225:
3218:
3209:
3204:Honorary whites
3202:
3195:
3188:
3181:
3174:
3165:
3156:
3149:
3142:
3135:
3128:
3121:
3106:
3096:
3089:
3082:
3075:
3068:
3061:
3054:
3047:
3040:
3033:
3026:
3019:
3012:
3005:
2998:
2991:
2984:
2977:
2970:
2965:Soweto bombings
2963:
2956:
2949:
2942:
2935:
2928:
2921:
2913:
2906:
2899:
2892:
2885:
2878:
2871:
2862:
2855:
2848:
2841:
2834:
2827:
2820:
2813:
2806:
2799:
2792:
2785:
2778:
2771:
2766:Soweto Uprising
2764:
2757:
2750:
2743:
2736:
2725:
2718:
2711:
2706:Tar Baby Option
2704:
2697:
2690:
2683:
2676:
2669:
2662:
2655:
2648:
2641:
2634:
2627:Freedom Charter
2625:
2618:
2611:
2604:
2597:
2588:
2581:
2574:
2561:
2554:
2547:
2540:
2533:
2526:
2519:
2506:
2494:
2487:
2480:
2473:
2466:
2459:
2452:
2445:
2438:
2425:
2418:
2411:
2404:
2397:
2390:
2383:
2376:
2363:
2356:
2349:
2329:
2321:
2313:
2305:
2297:
2289:
2281:
2273:
2265:
2257:
2249:
2241:
2233:
2227:Griqualand West
2225:
2219:Griqualand East
2217:
2209:
2201:
2193:
2185:
2177:
2169:
2162:
2154:
2147:
2139:
2131:
2124:
2117:
2109:
2095:
2089:
2059:
2054:
2038:
2019:Sexual violence
1939:Corrective rape
1923:
1860:
1854:
1812:
1792:Ungovernability
1747:Freedom Charter
1711:
1694:
1637:Equal Education
1621:
1608:
1517:
1509:
1492:
1412:
1405:
1393:
1337:
1332:
1302:
1297:
1261:
1235:
1151:
1133:Northern Europe
1128:
1102:Italian Grisons
1065:
1032:North Macedonia
986:Southern Europe
981:
906:
833:
797:
705:
679:
614:
583:
578:
548:
542:
525:
519:
502:
496:
479:
473:
456:
450:
433:
424:
418:
414:
409:
402:
397:
393:
388:
384:
379:
375:
370:
366:
361:
352:
347:
338:
333:
326:
321:
314:
309:
302:
297:
290:
285:
281:
277:
265:
153:
125:White Highlands
41:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4167:
4165:
4157:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4126:
4125:
4119:
4118:
4106:
4103:
4102:
4100:
4099:
4092:
4085:
4077:
4075:
4069:
4068:
4065:
4064:
4062:
4061:
4054:
4047:
4040:
4037:Ossewabrandwag
4033:
4026:
4019:
4012:
4005:
3998:
3991:
3983:
3981:
3975:
3974:
3972:
3971:
3964:
3957:
3950:
3943:
3936:
3929:
3922:
3915:
3908:
3901:
3894:
3887:
3880:
3873:
3866:
3859:
3852:
3845:
3838:
3831:
3824:
3816:
3814:
3808:
3807:
3805:
3804:
3797:
3790:
3783:
3780:Unionist Party
3776:
3769:
3762:
3759:Torch Commando
3755:
3748:
3741:
3734:
3727:
3720:
3713:
3706:
3699:
3692:
3685:
3678:
3671:
3664:
3657:
3650:
3643:
3636:
3633:Orde Boerevolk
3629:
3622:
3615:
3608:
3601:
3594:
3587:
3580:
3573:
3566:
3559:
3552:
3545:
3538:
3531:
3524:
3517:
3510:
3503:
3496:
3489:
3482:
3475:
3468:
3461:
3454:
3447:
3440:
3433:
3426:
3419:
3412:
3409:DP (1989–2000)
3405:
3402:DP (1973–1977)
3398:
3395:Dominion Party
3391:
3384:
3377:
3370:
3363:
3356:
3349:
3342:
3335:
3328:
3321:
3314:
3307:
3300:
3293:
3286:
3279:
3276:Afrikaner Bond
3271:
3269:
3260:
3254:
3253:
3251:
3250:
3241:
3232:
3223:
3216:
3207:
3200:
3193:
3190:Day of the Vow
3186:
3179:
3172:
3163:
3154:
3147:
3140:
3133:
3126:
3118:
3116:
3112:
3111:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3104:
3094:
3087:
3080:
3073:
3066:
3059:
3052:
3045:
3038:
3031:
3024:
3017:
3010:
3003:
2996:
2989:
2982:
2975:
2968:
2961:
2958:Floor crossing
2954:
2947:
2940:
2933:
2926:
2918:
2916:
2908:
2907:
2905:
2904:
2897:
2890:
2883:
2876:
2873:Bisho massacre
2869:
2868:
2867:
2853:
2846:
2839:
2832:
2825:
2818:
2815:Operation Vula
2811:
2808:Rubicon speech
2804:
2801:Langa massacre
2797:
2790:
2783:
2776:
2769:
2762:
2755:
2748:
2741:
2734:
2733:
2732:
2731:
2730:
2723:
2709:
2702:
2695:
2688:
2681:
2674:
2660:
2653:
2646:
2639:
2632:
2631:
2630:
2616:
2609:
2602:
2595:
2594:
2593:
2579:
2571:
2569:
2563:
2562:
2560:
2559:
2552:
2545:
2538:
2535:Rand Rebellion
2531:
2524:
2516:
2514:
2508:
2507:
2505:
2504:
2492:
2485:
2478:
2471:
2464:
2461:Boer Republics
2457:
2450:
2443:
2435:
2433:
2427:
2426:
2424:
2423:
2416:
2409:
2402:
2395:
2388:
2381:
2373:
2371:
2365:
2364:
2362:
2361:
2354:
2346:
2344:
2335:
2331:
2330:
2328:
2327:
2319:
2311:
2307:Bophuthatswana
2303:
2295:
2287:
2279:
2271:
2267:Klein Vrystaat
2263:
2255:
2247:
2239:
2231:
2223:
2215:
2207:
2199:
2191:
2183:
2175:
2167:
2152:
2137:
2129:
2106:
2104:
2097:
2096:
2090:
2088:
2087:
2080:
2073:
2065:
2056:
2055:
2043:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1935:
1933:
1929:
1928:
1925:
1924:
1922:
1921:
1914:
1907:
1900:
1893:
1886:
1879:
1872:
1864:
1862:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1852:
1847:
1840:
1835:
1828:
1820:
1818:
1811:
1810:
1809:
1804:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1767:Tenderpreneurs
1764:
1759:
1757:Rainbow nation
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1717:
1713:
1712:
1704:
1702:
1696:
1695:
1693:
1692:
1687:
1682:
1677:
1672:
1671:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1650:
1644:
1639:
1627:
1625:
1614:
1613:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1606:
1600:
1595:
1589:
1583:
1577:
1571:
1566:
1564:Khanya College
1561:
1556:
1551:
1545:
1539:
1533:
1528:
1522:
1520:
1511:
1510:
1502:
1500:
1494:
1493:
1491:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1478:Pan-Africanism
1475:
1473:Libertarianism
1470:
1465:
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1424:
1422:
1415:
1407:
1406:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1345:
1343:
1339:
1338:
1333:
1331:
1330:
1323:
1316:
1308:
1299:
1298:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1260:
1259:
1254:
1249:
1243:
1241:
1237:
1236:
1234:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1217:
1216:
1215:
1214:
1209:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1182:
1181:
1180:
1170:
1165:
1159:
1157:
1156:Western Europe
1153:
1152:
1150:
1149:
1148:
1147:
1136:
1134:
1130:
1129:
1127:
1126:
1125:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1073:
1071:
1067:
1066:
1064:
1063:
1058:
1057:
1056:
1046:
1045:
1044:
1034:
1029:
1028:
1027:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1002:
1001:
1000:
989:
987:
983:
982:
980:
979:
974:
969:
968:
967:
962:
952:
951:
950:
940:
935:
930:
925:
923:Czechoslovakia
920:
914:
912:
908:
907:
905:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
879:
874:
869:
864:
859:
858:
857:
847:
841:
839:
835:
834:
832:
831:
826:
821:
816:
811:
805:
803:
799:
798:
796:
795:
790:
789:
788:
783:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
742:
741:
731:
726:
725:
724:
713:
711:
707:
706:
704:
703:
698:
693:
687:
685:
681:
680:
678:
677:
676:
675:
670:
665:
660:
655:
645:
640:
635:
634:
633:
622:
620:
616:
615:
613:
612:
607:
602:
597:
591:
589:
585:
584:
579:
577:
576:
569:
562:
554:
547:
546:
540:
523:
517:
500:
495:978-0521132909
494:
477:
472:978-0199296910
471:
454:
448:
430:
429:
428:
423:
422:
412:
400:
391:
382:
373:
364:
350:
336:
324:
312:
300:
288:
278:
276:
273:
272:
271:
264:
261:
152:
149:
40:
37:
29:Pan-Africanism
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4166:
4155:
4152:
4150:
4147:
4145:
4142:
4140:
4137:
4135:
4132:
4131:
4129:
4116:
4115:
4104:
4097:
4093:
4090:
4086:
4083:
4079:
4078:
4076:
4070:
4059:
4055:
4052:
4048:
4045:
4041:
4038:
4034:
4031:
4027:
4024:
4020:
4017:
4013:
4010:
4006:
4003:
3999:
3996:
3992:
3989:
3985:
3984:
3982:
3976:
3969:
3965:
3962:
3958:
3955:
3954:Die Spoorbund
3951:
3948:
3944:
3941:
3937:
3934:
3930:
3927:
3923:
3920:
3916:
3913:
3909:
3906:
3902:
3899:
3895:
3892:
3888:
3885:
3881:
3878:
3874:
3871:
3867:
3864:
3860:
3857:
3853:
3850:
3846:
3843:
3839:
3836:
3832:
3829:
3825:
3822:
3818:
3817:
3815:
3809:
3802:
3798:
3795:
3794:Workers Party
3791:
3788:
3784:
3781:
3777:
3774:
3770:
3767:
3763:
3760:
3756:
3753:
3749:
3746:
3742:
3739:
3735:
3732:
3728:
3725:
3721:
3718:
3714:
3711:
3707:
3704:
3700:
3697:
3693:
3690:
3686:
3683:
3679:
3676:
3675:Radio Freedom
3672:
3669:
3665:
3662:
3658:
3655:
3651:
3648:
3644:
3641:
3637:
3634:
3630:
3627:
3626:Oranjewerkers
3623:
3620:
3616:
3613:
3609:
3606:
3602:
3599:
3595:
3592:
3588:
3585:
3581:
3578:
3574:
3571:
3567:
3564:
3560:
3557:
3553:
3550:
3546:
3543:
3539:
3536:
3532:
3529:
3525:
3522:
3518:
3515:
3511:
3508:
3504:
3501:
3497:
3494:
3490:
3487:
3483:
3480:
3476:
3473:
3469:
3466:
3462:
3459:
3455:
3452:
3448:
3445:
3441:
3438:
3434:
3431:
3427:
3424:
3420:
3417:
3413:
3410:
3406:
3403:
3399:
3396:
3392:
3389:
3385:
3382:
3378:
3375:
3371:
3368:
3364:
3361:
3357:
3354:
3350:
3347:
3343:
3340:
3336:
3333:
3329:
3326:
3322:
3319:
3315:
3312:
3308:
3305:
3301:
3298:
3294:
3291:
3287:
3284:
3280:
3277:
3273:
3272:
3270:
3268:organisations
3264:
3261:
3259:organisations
3255:
3248:
3247:
3242:
3239:
3238:
3233:
3230:
3229:
3224:
3221:
3217:
3214:
3213:
3208:
3205:
3201:
3198:
3194:
3191:
3187:
3184:
3180:
3177:
3173:
3170:
3169:
3164:
3161:
3160:
3155:
3152:
3148:
3145:
3141:
3138:
3134:
3131:
3127:
3124:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3113:
3102:
3100:
3095:
3092:
3088:
3085:
3081:
3078:
3074:
3071:
3067:
3064:
3060:
3057:
3056:Tshwane riots
3053:
3050:
3046:
3043:
3039:
3036:
3032:
3029:
3025:
3022:
3018:
3015:
3011:
3008:
3004:
3001:
2997:
2994:
2990:
2987:
2983:
2980:
2976:
2973:
2969:
2966:
2962:
2959:
2955:
2952:
2948:
2945:
2941:
2938:
2934:
2931:
2927:
2924:
2920:
2919:
2917:
2915:
2909:
2902:
2898:
2895:
2891:
2888:
2884:
2881:
2877:
2874:
2870:
2865:
2861:
2860:
2858:
2854:
2851:
2847:
2844:
2840:
2837:
2833:
2830:
2826:
2823:
2819:
2816:
2812:
2809:
2805:
2802:
2798:
2795:
2791:
2788:
2784:
2781:
2780:Project Coast
2777:
2774:
2770:
2767:
2763:
2760:
2759:Mafeje affair
2756:
2753:
2749:
2746:
2745:Durban Moment
2742:
2739:
2738:Rivonia Trial
2735:
2728:
2724:
2721:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2710:
2707:
2703:
2700:
2696:
2693:
2692:Disinvestment
2689:
2686:
2682:
2679:
2675:
2672:
2668:
2667:
2665:
2661:
2658:
2654:
2651:
2647:
2644:
2640:
2637:
2633:
2628:
2624:
2623:
2621:
2617:
2614:
2610:
2607:
2603:
2600:
2596:
2591:
2587:
2586:
2584:
2580:
2577:
2573:
2572:
2570:
2568:
2564:
2557:
2553:
2550:
2546:
2543:
2539:
2536:
2532:
2529:
2525:
2522:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2501:
2497:
2493:
2490:
2486:
2483:
2479:
2476:
2472:
2469:
2465:
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2447:1820 Settlers
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1782:UnFreedom Day
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1569:Koeberg Alert
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1531:Afrikanerbond
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1518:organisations
1512:
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1483:Non-racialism
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1384:Northern Cape
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1364:KwaZulu-Natal
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1281:Reunification
1278:
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1202:Pan-Germanism
1200:
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836:
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827:
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815:
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802:Southern Asia
800:
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684:South America
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648:United States
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619:North America
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207:However, the
205:
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151:Actualization
150:
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58:
50:
45:
38:
36:
34:
30:
26:
22:
4112:
4072:Histories of
3773:United Party
3682:Reform Party
3619:Orangia Unie
3244:
3235:
3228:Swart gevaar
3226:
3210:
3196:
3166:
3157:
3098:
3000:Blikkiesdorp
2342:Pre-colonial
2195:Natal Colony
2179:Zulu Kingdom
2093:South Africa
2049:
1969:Gupta family
1964:Farm attacks
1916:
1909:
1902:
1895:
1888:
1881:
1874:
1867:
1705:
1628:
1618:Trade unions
1544:(CONTRALESA)
1503:
1389:Western Cape
1349:Eastern Cape
1277:Partitionism
1271:
1270:
1267:
824:Pashtunistan
710:Western Asia
643:Saint Martin
610:South Africa
609:
529:
504:
481:
458:
435:
427:Bibliography
415:
394:
385:
376:
367:
282:
238:
226:
206:
196:
182:
154:
138:
97:Bechuanaland
63:or even the
54:
49:border river
20:
18:
4139:Irredentism
3212:Rooi gevaar
3091:2021 unrest
3021:Nkandlagate
2850:Third Force
2727:Rugby union
2325:(1981–1994)
2317:(1979–1994)
2309:(1977–1994)
2301:(1976–1994)
2293:(1910–1961)
2285:(1902–1910)
2277:(1902–1910)
2269:(1886–1891)
2261:(1885–1887)
2253:(1884–1888)
2245:(1882–1885)
2237:(1882–1883)
2229:(1870–1873)
2221:(1861–1879)
2213:(1856–1902)
2205:(1854–1902)
2197:(1843–1910)
2189:(1839–1843)
2181:(1816–1897)
2173:(1795–1910)
2171:Cape Colony
2163: 1780
2148: 1780
2135:(1652–1806)
2125: 1220
2118: 1075
2034:Third Force
2024:Shack fires
1861:periodicals
1342:By province
1289:Revisionism
1231:Switzerland
1226:Netherlands
887:Philippines
786:Pan-Turkism
581:Irredentism
178:Louis Botha
85:Delagoa Bay
25:irredentism
4128:Categories
4023:Greyshirts
3787:Volksparty
3325:Black Sash
2986:Xenophobia
2979:Travelgate
2752:Border War
2556:Bantustans
2454:Great Trek
2399:Xhosa Wars
2259:Upingtonia
2243:Stellaland
1797:Xenophobia
1737:Corruption
1488:Trotskyism
1468:Liberalism
1458:Federalism
1421:Ideologies
1379:North West
1374:Mpumalanga
1354:Free State
1293:Rump state
1285:Revanchism
1212:Lebensraum
1061:Yugoslavia
829:Tamil Nadu
809:Bangladesh
734:Azerbaijan
595:Mauritania
541:0852557477
518:0719005795
449:0521824532
275:References
117:Tanganyika
93:Basutoland
55:Statesman
3246:Volkstaat
3237:Uitlander
3168:Boerehaat
3144:Anarchism
2951:Arms Deal
2914:apartheid
2590:Pass laws
2567:Apartheid
2512:1910–1948
2431:1815–1910
2369:1652–1815
2029:Terrorism
1959:e-tolling
1954:Elections
1883:ANC Today
1859:Books and
1772:Toyi-toyi
1559:Keep Left
1526:AfriForum
1516:political
1438:Anarchism
1413:movements
1411:Political
1247:Australia
862:Indonesia
751:Kurdistan
691:Argentina
658:Greenland
257:Swaziland
222:Apartheid
197:Bothaland
189:mandation
166:Nyasaland
130:Dominions
105:Transvaal
57:Jan Smuts
4114:Category
4016:Boeremag
3514:Jeugkrag
3465:Het Volk
3159:Baasskap
3101:incident
2720:Olympics
2299:Transkei
2102:polities
2100:Defunct
2051:Category
2014:Protests
1974:HIV/AIDS
1762:Renaming
1649:(PASSOP)
1463:Feminism
1443:Anti-war
1178:Wallonia
1092:Dalmatia
1010:Bulgaria
972:Slovenia
892:Thailand
882:Mongolia
877:Malaysia
845:Cambodia
701:Colombia
269:Pink Map
263:See also
249:Botswana
168:and the
162:Rhodesia
109:Pretoria
101:Eswatini
3919:SAAPAWU
3257:Defunct
3220:Slavery
2440:Mfecane
1994:Lindela
1876:Amandla
1817:Slogans
1594:(SASCO)
1588:(SALSA)
1582:(PAGAD)
1550:(COSAS)
1369:Limpopo
1359:Gauteng
1240:Oceania
1221:Ireland
1190:Austria
1185:Germany
1168:Celtics
1163:Belgium
1145:Karelia
1140:Finland
1087:Corsica
1054:Galicia
1015:Croatia
993:Albania
977:Ukraine
965:Ukraine
943:Romania
933:Moldova
928:Hungary
918:Belarus
902:Vietnam
729:Assyria
722:Artsakh
717:Armenia
605:Somalia
600:Morocco
253:Lesotho
202:Entente
132:of the
123:of the
83:in the
65:equator
61:Zambesi
23:. This
3870:FOSATU
3724:SAYRCO
3696:SADECO
3612:Occupy
3151:Azania
3099:Lady R
3028:Racism
2857:CODESA
2334:Events
2323:Ciskei
2235:Goshen
2165:–1819)
2150:–1817)
1777:Ubuntu
1732:Azania
1605:(ZACF)
1576:(LGEP)
1514:Other
1173:France
1122:Ticino
1097:Istria
1042:Kosovo
1037:Serbia
1025:Enosis
1020:Greece
960:Crimea
955:Russia
938:Poland
781:Cyprus
776:Turkey
766:Israel
746:Cyprus
663:Mexico
653:Canada
638:Mexico
626:Canada
588:Africa
538:
515:
492:
469:
446:
134:Empire
4051:PAGAD
3947:SATUC
3940:SARHU
3926:SACTU
3905:NURHS
3863:FNETU
3849:CTSWU
3842:CNETU
3835:BLATU
3717:SAYCO
3605:NUSAS
3486:IDASA
3297:AITUP
2912:Post-
2315:Venda
1944:Crime
1932:Other
1538:(AWB)
1257:Samoa
1117:Savoy
1107:Malta
1082:Corfu
1077:Italy
1070:Italy
1049:Spain
897:Timor
872:Korea
867:Japan
850:China
819:Nepal
814:India
793:Yemen
771:Syria
696:Chile
4058:SANF
3988:APLA
3933:SAIF
3912:PAWE
3898:NEUM
3891:MUSA
3856:FCWU
3801:WOSA
3752:TNIP
3710:SASO
3703:SAIC
3689:SABP
3640:PAVN
3374:COSG
3353:CTEG
3346:CNIP
1890:Biko
1706:see
1629:see
1504:see
1112:Nice
761:Iraq
756:Iran
668:Cuba
536:ISBN
513:ISBN
490:ISBN
467:ISBN
444:ISBN
255:and
115:and
99:and
4009:BBB
4002:AWB
3995:ARM
3961:UDF
3884:IWW
3877:ICU
3828:BCM
3821:APF
3766:UFP
3668:PRP
3647:PFP
3598:NRP
3591:NPP
3577:NNP
3570:NLP
3556:NCP
3507:ISL
3458:GNP
3430:ECC
3423:DSM
3416:DPP
3388:DLF
3360:COD
3339:CDA
3318:BPC
3311:AVF
3304:APO
1700:Law
1620:and
420:124
191:of
4130::
4030:MK
3584:NP
3549:NA
3500:IP
3493:ID
3444:FD
3437:FA
3381:CP
2160:c.
2145:c.
2122:c.
2115:c.
1291:·
1287:·
1283:·
1279:·
1275:·
511:.
507:.
488:.
484:.
465:.
461:.
442:.
438:.
403:^
353:^
339:^
327:^
315:^
303:^
291:^
251:,
224:.
204:.
164:,
147:.
95:,
71:,
67:.
35:.
2502:)
2498:(
2158:(
2143:(
2127:)
2120:–
2113:(
2084:e
2077:t
2070:v
1846:"
1842:"
1834:"
1830:"
1827:"
1823:"
1327:e
1320:t
1313:v
573:e
566:t
559:v
544:.
521:.
498:.
475:.
452:.
91:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.