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extreme lapses in memory, although she remains high functioning most of the time. Further, as people age, they begin to show susceptibility to strange, fatal conditions which have no apparent explanation and are resistant to any treatment. Most common is the event that comes to be known as the "quick decline", where a person of extremely advanced age and in apparently good health suffers a sudden fatal heart arrythmia and dies abruptly. The exact mechanism is never explained. Michel dies of the quick decline, while attending the wake of another First
Hundred member. Russell speculates that Michel's quick decline was brought on by the shock of seeing Maya fail to remember Frank Chalmers (who was killed while escaping security forces in the first revolution) upon looking at a treasured photo of him on her refrigerator. As a result of this and Russell's own problems with memory, he organizes a team of scientists to develop medicine that will restore memory. The remaining members of the First Hundred, of which there are only 12, congregate in Underhill, and take the medicine. It works so well that Russell remembers his own birth. He and Ann Clayborne finally recall that they had been in love prior to leaving Earth the very first time, but both had been too socially inept and nervous about their chances for selection for the Mars voyage to reveal this to each other. Their famous argument over terraforming had been a mere continuation of a running conversation they had been having since they still lived on Earth. Through the memory treatment it is also revealed that Phyllis had been lobbying to free Sax from his torturers when she was murdered by Maya. Maya herself declines the treatment. Sax also distinctly recalls Hiroko assisting him in finding his rover in a storm before he nearly froze to death before disappearing once again and is convinced she remains alive, although the question of whether she is actually alive is never resolved.
432:(transnats) that come to dominate its governments, particularly smaller nations adopted as "flags of convenience" for extending their influence into Martian affairs. As UNOMA's power erodes, the Mars treaty is renegotiated in a move led by Frank Chalmers; the outcome is impressive but proves short-lived as the transnats find ways around it through loop-holes. Things get worse as the nations of Earth start to clash over limited resources, expanding debt, and population growth as well as restrictions on access to a new longevity treatment developed by Martian scientists—one that holds the promise of lifespans into the hundreds of years. In 2061, with Boone dead and exploding immigration threatening the fabric of Martian society, Bogdanov launches a revolution against what many now view as occupying transnat troops operating only loosely under an UNOMA rubber-stamp approval. Initially successful, the revolution proves infeasible on the basis of both a greater-than-expected willingness of the Earth troops to use violence and the extreme vulnerability of life on a planet without a habitable atmosphere. A series of exchanges sees the cutting of the space elevator, bombardment of several Martian cities (including the city where Bogdanov is himself organizing the rebellion; he is killed), the destruction of Phobos and its military complex, and the unleashing of a great flood of torrential groundwater freed by nuclear detonations.
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is established that leaves most cities and settlements generally autonomous, but subject to a central representative legislature and two systems of courts, one legal and the other environmental. The environmental court is packed with members of the Red faction as a concession (in exchange for their support in the congress, as much of their power was broken when they attempted and failed to violently expel remaining UN forces early on after the second revolution of Green Mars; yet they still retained enough power to stymie constitutional negotiations). Vlad, Marina, and Ursula, the original inventors of the longevity treatments, introduce a new economic system that is a hybrid of capitalism, socialism, and environmental conservationism. During a trip to Earth occurring alongside the congress, Nirgal (one of the original children to be born on Mars to the First
Hundred, and something of a Mars-wide celebrity), Maya, and Sax negotiate an agreement that allows Earth to send a number of migrants equal to 10% of Mars' population to Mars every year. Following the adoption of the new constitution, Nadia is elected the first president of Mars and serves competently, although she does not enjoy politics. She and Art work together closely, and eventually fall in love and have a child.
1502:, Clayborne is one of the first areologists and maintains a stalwart desire to see Mars preserved in the state it holds when humans arrive. Clayborne early on debates Saxifrage Russell over the proper role of humanity on Mars and though initially apolitical, this stance marks her as the original "Red," while Russell's hands-on terraforming reflects the antithesis of these views. Clayborne is shown to prefer solitude during much of the series, and even her relationship with fellow First Hundred settler Simon (with whom she has a child) is subject to introspective silence in most cases. Simon's death and the estrangement she finds from their son Peter when the latter emerges as a leading moderate "green" drive her to further isolation. Clayborne's relationship with Russell is shown to be complex, the two of them taking early opposite views but the situation slowly changing as Russell comes to appreciate what has been unleashed and what has indeed been lost as science gives way to commercial exploitation that he cannot control. During the events of
642:, disintegrating the ice sheet and displacing the fragments into the ocean. The resultant flooding causes global chaos on Earth, creating the perfect moment for the Martian underground to seize control of Martian society from Earth. Following a series of largely bloodless coups, an extremist faction of Reds bombs a dam near Burroughs, the major city where the remaining United Nations forces have concentrated, in order to force the security forces to evacuate. The entire city is flooded and the population of the city has to walk a staggeringly long distance in the open Martian atmosphere (which just barely has the temperature, atmospheric pressure, and gas mixture to support human life) to Libya Station, in order to resettle in other locations. With this, control of Mars is finally wrested away from Earth with minimal loss of life, leaving the weary survivors hopeful about the prospects of their newfound political autonomy.
1530:(the two were friends and lovers as students in London). She is the charismatic leader of the farm team, one of the important work groups and cliques among the First Hundred. She thus becomes the focus of many of the trilogy's central themes. Most importantly, she teaches the importance of maintaining a respectful relation with one's planet. On Mars, this is called the Areophany. In the secret colony Zygote, which Hiroko established, the first generation of children of the First Hundred, the ectogenes, are all the product of artificial insemination outside of any human body. Hiroko uses the ova of the female members of the First Hundred as the female genetic material and uses the sperm of the male members of the First Hundred to fertilize the ova. Although Hiroko is seldom at the center of the narrative, her influence is pervasive. She disappears for the final time in
422:- it is later revealed in Blue Mars that Alexander Bogdanov is an ancestor of Arkady's.). Bogdanov argues that Mars need not and should not be subject to Earth traditions, limitations, or authority. He is to some extent joined in this position by John Boone, famous as the "First Man on Mars" from a preceding expedition and rival to Frank Chalmers, the technical leader of the American contingent. Their rivalry is further exacerbated by competing romantic interest in Maya Katarina Toitovna, the leader of the Russian contingent. (In the opening of the book, Chalmers instigates a sequence of events that leads to Boone being assassinated; much of what follows is a retrospective examination of what led to that point.)
1421:, during the voyage and initial exploration of Mars, she does her best to avoid the squabbles of the other members of the First Hundred. Instead, she busies herself by building the first permanent habitation of Mars, Underhill, using programmed automated robots. She also helps to construct a new and larger habitat, and research facility in a nearby canyon. In the later books, she becomes a reluctant politician. Chernyshevski is in love with Bogdanov and is devastated when he is killed in an attack by anti-revolutionary forces associated with UNOMA, the transnationals and Phyllis Boyle during the first Martian revolution. In retaliation for Bogdanov's murder, she activates his hidden weapon system, built into
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half of the voyage, Toitovna becomes involved with Boone. Already bitter that Boone became the first to walk on Mars instead of him as they were both candidates for the mission and that he was allowed to join the colonization trip despite his manipulations, Chalmers further despises Boone because of
Toitovna's affection. His dislike culminates in his involvement in a plot to assassinate Boone, which ultimately succeeds and allows him to take over handling major affairs on Mars. This ultimately becomes his undoing, as his ruthless governance and aggressive diplomatic work backfire on him during the revolution of 2061. In the final chapters of
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stance, as Sax and Ann have come to be regarded as the original champions of their respective positions. Sax becomes increasingly preoccupied with seeking forgiveness and approval from Ann, while Ann, depressed and bitter from her many political and personal losses, is suicidal and refuses to accept any more longevity treatments. However, when Sax witnesses Ann collapse into a coma during an attempt to demonstrate to her the beauty of the terraformed world, he arranges for her to be resuscitated and to be treated with the longevity treatment, both against her will.
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1555:. His aloof personality enforces this ostracism and also subverts his relationships with others, but in time it becomes clear that Duval is struggling with his own psychological issues perhaps more than anyone else from the expedition. During the first disappearance of the farm team, he is invited by Hiroko to flee with the farm team and establish Zygote, the first hidden colony. Duval desperately wants to return to
1354:. His ideas continue as a point of reference for the remainder of the trilogy. Boone's character portrayal is complex; in one light, Boone is a stereotypically simple, heroic figure, an everyman hero: his first words on his first trip to Mars are "Well, here we are." He is almost uniformly cheerful and good-natured, and approaches everything he undertakes with hale bonhomie. But later in
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including Sax he begins work on an ambitious project to gather the remaining first hundred and have them try an experimental treatment he helped to develop. It is after this that Sax realizes his persistent attempts to please Ann are actually because he is also secretly in love with Ann
Clayborne, who cannot stand him at first, but after decades on Mars, eventually reconciles.
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into the Dorsa Brevia agreement, in which nearly all the underground factions take part. Preparations are made for a second revolution beginning in the 2120s, from converting moholes to missiles silos or hidden bases, sabotaging orbital mirrors, to propelling Deimos out of Mars' gravity well and out into deep space so it could never be used as a weapons platform as Phobos was.
1506:, Russell intervenes to save Clayborne's life; later, the two are revealed to have once shared an attraction that went astray because of a casual misinterpretation between them. Ann undergoes a drastic change toward Blue Mars due to the emergence of something inside of her that she describes as anti-Ann and something else that she can't quite describe.
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businesses". Mars becomes the "Head" of the system, giving universal healthcare, free education, and an abundance of food. However, this sparks illegal immigration from Earth, so to ease the population strain on the Blue Planet, Martian scientists and engineers are soon put to the task of creating asteroid cities; where small planetoids of the
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discerning who he really is, turning him over the UNTA. She is later present at a session in Kasei Vallis where
Russell is being tortured, and is killed by Maya Toitovna. Later, as his memory recovers, Russell reveals that Boyle had been opposed to his torture and was demanding that he be released at the time that Maya's team freed him.
1461:, and leads an uprising against the transnational corporation towards the end of first novel. Like Boone (with whom he was good friends), his political ideas (later known as Bogdanovism) weigh heavily on characters later in the series. In love with Nadia Chernyshevski, he is killed during the first Martian revolution in 2061.
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the first revolution, she flees with other members of the First
Hundred to the hidden colony in the pole. She becomes a school teacher of the children of the hidden colonists but later becomes a powerful political force. After the deaths of Chalmers and Boone, she falls in love with Michel Duval. She suffers heavily from
394:"); these views are collectively known as the "Green" position, while Clayborne's naturalist stance comes to be known as "Red." The actual decision is left to the United Nations Organization of Mars Affairs (UNOMA), which greenlights terraforming, and a series of actions get underway, including the drilling of "
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Peter
Clayborne is the son of Ann Clayborne and Simon Frazier, being one of the first children born on Mars. Peter holds a position of older brother to all of the following first generation. Many revolutionary and later political decisions of the Mars First movement are influenced by his opinions and
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An emotional woman who is at the center of a love triangle between Boone and
Chalmers, she begins as head of the Russian contingent. The novels hint that she used both wit and seduction to rise through the ranks of the Russian space agency to become the leader of the first colonization mission. After
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that takes place over the timespan of the original trilogy of novels, as well as some stories that take place in an alternate version of the novels where the First
Hundred's mission was one of exploration rather than colonization. Buried in the stories are several hints about the eventual fate of the
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The longevity treatments themselves begin to show weaknesses once those receiving them reach the two-century mark in age. The treatments reduce most aging processes to a negligible rate, but are much less effective when it comes to brain function, and in particular memory. Maya in particular suffers
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of the planet and its future relationship to Earth. The two extreme views on terraforming are personified by
Saxifrage "Sax" Russell, who believes their very presence on the planet means some level of terraforming has already begun and that it is humanity's obligation to spread life as it is the most
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which, instead of reentering Earth's atmosphere, had been boosted into orbit until enough had been amassed to build the ship. The mission is a joint American–Russian undertaking, and seventy of the First Hundred are drawn from these countries (except, for example, Michel Duval, a French psychologist
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The son of Hiroko and Coyote, he is raised communally by Hiroko and her followers in Zygote. He is a good-natured wanderer who eventually becomes a political leader advocating ties with Earth. He is one of the founders of the Free Mars movement and is famous for his running technique that allows him
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in his use of power. However, his cynicism is later shown to be a form of self-defense; Chalmers is at least partly driven by a hidden idealistic side. Early in the voyage to Mars, he becomes sexually involved with Maya Toitovna, the leader of the Russian contingent of the mission. During the second
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on his first trip to Mars, more than the recommended dosage according to medical regulations. However, his celebrity status allows him to skirt this. On the second voyage, Boone is one of the "First Hundred" colonists sent to permanently colonize Mars. His accomplishments and natural charm yield him
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The remaining First Hundred are generally regarded as living legends. Reports of Hiroko's survival are numerous, and purported sightings occur all over the colonized solar system, but none are substantiated. Nadia and Art Randolph lead a constitutional congress in which a global system of government
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The granddaughter of Hiroko and John Boone (raised with Nirgal), she emerges as a leader of the Free Mars movement, but is seen to change her platform based on whatever keeps her in power (e.g. changing from banning Earth immigration to allowing almost unlimited immigrants). After her daughter Zo's
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Nearly sixty when he arrives on Mars, a Russian biological scientist who is the oldest of the First Hundred. Taneev heads medical treatment and most research projects on Mars, becoming famous as the creator of the gerontological treatment used to regenerate human cellular systems and ushering in a
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and from memory-related psychological disorders with growing age, which often lead her to isolate herself from others and sometimes turn violent. Throughout the novels, Maya takes an active political role, helping to keep the surviving First Hundred together during the failed revolution of 2061 and
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in the dawn of the 22nd century, following the lives of the remaining First Hundred and their children and grandchildren. Melting ice causes the top of the dome of Hiroko Ai's base under the south pole to collapse, forcing the survivors to escape into a (less literal) underground organization known
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A Christian American geologist with a harsh personality that does not win her many friends among the First Hundred and gains particular enmity from Ann Clayborne. As the Mars situation develops, Boyle sides against most of the First Hundred in favor of the increasingly authoritarian United Nations
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and has to relearn how to speak and becomes less predictable in his actions. Originally apolitical, this event and a growing attachment to Mars itself leads Russell to become the physical architect of the second revolution. After memory issues become apparent in many of the remaining first hundred
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The book follows the characters across the Martian landscape, which is explained in detail. Russell's character infiltrates the transnat terraforming project, with a carefully crafted fake identity as Stephen Lindholm. The newly evolving Martian biosphere is described at great length and with more
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pivotally involved in the early psychological screening of the First Hundred candidates in Antarctica, which he describes as being a collection of double-bind requirements. Duval is assigned to accompany the Mars mission and is treated as an observer rather than as a member of the team during the
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Trans-national Corporations, nicknamed "transnats", are extremely powerful multinational corporations that first emerge in the mid-21st century. Robinson tracks the evolution of the transnats into what he terms "metanats" (metanational). These multinational corporations have grown so large as a
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and has a much wider scope than the previous two books, covering an entire century after the second revolution. As Earth is heavily flooded by the sudden melting of the Antarctic ice cap, the once mighty metanats are brought to their knees; as the Praxis Corporation paves a new way of "democratic
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As unrest in the multinational control over Mars's affairs grows, various groups start to form with different aims and methods. Watching these groups evolve from Earth, the CEO of the Praxis Corporation sends a representative, Arthur Randolph, to organize the resistance movements. This culminates
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By the end, most of the First Hundred are dead, and virtually all who remain have fled to a hidden refuge established years earlier by Ai and her followers. (One exception is Phyllis Boyle, who has allied herself with the transnats; she is on Clarke when the space elevator cable is cut and sent
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Eventually, the anti-immigration factions of the Martian government provoke massive illegal immigration from Earth, risking another war; however, under the leadership of Ann and Sax, who have fallen in love again following their reconciliation, along with Maya, the Martian population unites to
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Sax Russell devotes himself to various scientific projects, all the while continuing to recover from the effects of his stroke. Since the second revolution, he feels enormous guilt that his pro-terraforming position became the dominant one at the expense of the goals of Ann's anti-terraforming
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Sax, alias Stephen, eventually becomes romantically involved with Phyllis, who had survived the events of 2061 from the end of the first novel, but she discovers his true identity and has him arrested. Members of the underground launch a daring rescue from the prison facility where Sax suffers
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finds her back in the equation, but her influence is greatly reduced against the backdrop of a much-expanded UNTA presence. Boyle engages in a brief sexual relationship with Saxifrage Russell (who despises her) while the latter is living under an assumed identity and is singularly capable of
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Although there are many transnational and metanational corporations mentioned, two play an active role in the development of the plotline: Praxis, a largely benevolent and relatively democratic firm, and Subarashī, which plays a large role in the maltreatment of the citizens of Mars.
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as he remembers it, and after visiting as a part of the Martian diplomatic mission to Earth, he becomes even more homesick. Duval falls in love with Maya Toitovna and guides her through particularly challenging psychological episodes throughout most of the series, dying late in
1240:; it takes off when Sax creates an alga to withstand the harsh Martian temperature and convert its atmosphere into breathable air. Eventually this is done on a massive scale, with thousands of types of GE algae, lichen and bacteria being created to terraform the planet. In
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Kasei is the son of Hiroko and John Boone and the father of Jackie Boone. Kasei is the leader of the Kakaze, a radical Red faction. His name is Japanese for the planet Mars. He dies during the second revolution, after an unsuccessful attack on the second space elevator.
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mission in an attempt to create a system of ecological capitalism based on democratic corporations. Like the other metanationals, it takes on intensive economic and political ties with governments, but Praxis aims for partnerships rather than exploitive relationships.
1473:, he is a brilliant and creative scientist, and is greatly respected for his intellectual gifts. However, he is socially awkward and often finds it difficult to understand and relate to other people. Russell is a leader of the Green movement, the goal of which is to
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to run all day for days on end. As Nadia's assistants, he and Art are instrumental in getting the Martian constitutional declaration written. Later he is sent on a diplomatic mission to Earth but nearly dies from an infection. His name is ancient Babylonian for
1730:, making sexual satisfaction a priority and seemingly having little regard for the feelings of others. On the other hand, she apparently has a conscience, risking her life to rescue a man on Mercury and later dying in an attempt to save a distressed flier.
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assigned to observe their behavior). The book details the trip out, construction of the first settlement on Mars (eventually called Underhill) by Russian engineer Nadia Cherneshevsky, as well as establishing colonies on Mars' hollowed out asteroid-moon
444:. But a new generation of humans born on Mars holds the promise of change. In the meantime, the remaining First Hundred —including Russell, Clayborne, Toitovna, and Cherneshevsky— settle into life in Hiroko Ai's refuge called Zygote, hidden under the
623:. A mainstay of the novel is a detailed analysis of philosophical, political, personal, economic, and geological experiences of the characters. The story weaves back and forth from character to character, providing a picture of Mars as seen by them.
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new era of longevity. He lives in Acheron on the Great Escarpment in the north of Mars before fleeing to the hidden colony after the First Revolution but later returns to his research, falling victim to "quick decline" late in the events of
398:" to release subsurface heat; thickening of the atmosphere according to a complicated bio-chemical formula that comes to be known as the "Russell cocktail" after Sax Russell; and the detonation of nuclear explosions deep in the sub-surface
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Russell's view is initially purely scientific but in time comes to blend with the views of Hiroko Ai, the chief of the Agricultural Team who assembles a new belief system (the "Areophany") devoted to the appreciation and furthering of life
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takes its title from the stage of terraforming that has allowed atmospheric pressure and temperature to increase so that liquid water can exist on the planet's surface, forming rivers and seas. It follows closely in time from the end of
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flying out of orbit to a fate unknown by the conclusion of the book.) The revolution dies and life on Mars returns to a sense of stability under heavy transnat control. The clash over resources on Earth breaks out into a full-blown
1481:, Sax suffers a stroke while being tortured by government security forces and fellow member of the First Hundred, Phyllis Boyle (although it is later revealed that she actually opposed Sax's torture). He subsequently suffers from
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who established a permanent colony. Many of them later become leaders or exemplary figures in the transformation of Mars or its new society. The "First Hundred" actually consisted of 101, with Coyote being smuggled aboard the
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are colonized and terraformed in some way, Jackie Boone (the granddaughter of John Boone, the first man to walk on Mars from the first book) takes an interstellar vessel (made out of an asteroid) to another star system twenty
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With a vast increase in sciences, technologies, and spacecraft manufacturing, this begins the "Accelerando"; where humankind spreads its civilization throughout the Solar System, and eventually beyond. As Venus, the
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Against the backdrop of this development is another debate, one whose principal instigator is Arkady Bogdanov of the Russian contingent (possibly named in homage to the Russian polymath and science fiction writer
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leaving hundreds of millions dead, but cease-fire arrangements are reached when the transnats flee to the safety of the developed nations, which use their huge militaries to restore order, forming
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In an interview at UCSD, Robinson said that he was looking at a satellite photo of Mars and thought that would be a great place to go backpacking. He said the Mars trilogy grew out of that urge.
1387:, Chalmers flees with Toitovna and other members of the First Hundred to join the hidden colonists at the polar ice cap but dies along the way when he is caught outside their vehicle during an
1248:, GE is commonly being done on humans, willingly, to help them better adapt to the new worlds; to breathe thinner air (e.g. Russell), or to see better in the dimmer light of the outer planets.
163:(1984), Robinson's first novel about Mars, is not set in this universe but deals with similar themes and plot elements. The trilogy shares some similarities with Robinson's more recent novel
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Since the trilogy covers over 200 years of human history, later immigrants and the children and grandchildren of the First Hundred eventually become important characters in their own right.
1370:. In addition, it reveals that at least some of his seeming simplicity might simply be an act designed to further his political goals. Overall, Boone is presented as larger-than-life.
1284:. Toward the end of the last novel, humans are taking sub-light colony ships to other stars, taking advantage of the longevity treatments to survive the trip to their destinations.
2016: – The Mars Trilogy contains many references to kava and kavajava—kava mixed with coffee. The novels use kava as the social drink of choice for the human colonizers of Mars.
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619:, another space elevator built (using another anchored asteroid that is dubbed "New Clarke"), to melting the northern polar ice cap, and digging moholes deep enough to form
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won the Hugo Award for Best Novel and Locus Awards in 1997, was nominated for a BSFA Award in 1996, and received nominations for the Campbell and Clarke Awards in 1997.
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reconstitute the government to accept more immigration from Earth, defusing the imminent conflict and ushering in a new golden age of harmony and security on Mars.
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scarce thing in the known universe, and Ann Clayborne, who stakes out the position that humankind does not have the right to change entire planets at their will.
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only as a stowaway who eventually blends effortlessly into the Martian background, he is not even identified as anything more than Coyote until the beginning of
1433:, she falls in love with Art Randolph, with whom she eventually starts a family. After Martian independence, she grudgingly becomes the first president of Mars.
1457:, he is regarded by many other members of the First Hundred, particularly Boyle, as a troublemaker. He leads the team which establishes an outpost on the moon
1350:, John Boone is assassinated in a plot instigated by Frank Chalmers. The narrative then steps back to the First Hundred's voyage to Mars aboard the spaceship
372:, the largest interplanetary spacecraft ever built and home to a crew who are to be the first hundred Martian colonists. The ship was built from clustered
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1722:, she travels the solar system running political errands for Jackie, although the two do not get along particularly well. Her character is portrayed as
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is concerned with the effects of extreme longevity on its protagonists, most of whom have lived over two hundred years as a result of repeated
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The series has had difficulty moving into film and TV for over two decades. The Mars trilogy screen production rights were held by
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that they have sufficient economic power to take over or strongly manipulate national governments, initially only relatively small
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takes its title from the stage of terraforming that has allowed plants to grow. It picks up the story 50 years after the events of
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replacing him, but he too left due to creative differences with Spike. Spike then put the series on hold for further development.
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The book ends on a major event which is a sudden catastrophic rise in Earth's global sea levels not caused primarily by any
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through the personal and detailed viewpoints of a wide variety of characters spanning almost two centuries. Ultimately more
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The founder of Praxis, one of the huge multinational corporations. He embraces a fusion of Eastern and Western lifestyles.
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Jackie's daughter; she has feline traits (purring) inserted into her genome via the gerontological longevity treatment. In
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profound changes mostly aimed at warming up the surface of Mars to the brink of making it habitable, from continent-sized
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lander that successfully touched down on Mars in May 2008. The First Interplanetary Library is intended to be a sort of
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in some respects, while continually attempting to take over competitors in order to become the sole controller of the
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effects of ultra-longevity, including memory loss, personality change, mental instability, and existential boredom.
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to release water. Additional steps are taken to connect Mars more closely with Earth, including the insertion of an
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1594:/quasi-fascist United Nations Transitional Authority (UNTA). Her influence is strongest during the later events of
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about a technologically and socially advanced society on Mars. Referenced as an inspiration for the Mars Trilogy.
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governments, but later, larger developed governments too, effectively running whole countries. In Robinson's
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torture and interrogation that causes him to have a stroke; Maya kills Phyllis in the process of the rescue.
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and in December 2015, formally greenlit a ten-episode first season of a TV series based on the novels, with
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169:(2012); for instance, the terraforming of Mars and the extreme longevity of the characters in both novels.
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381:, the ever-changing relationships between the colonists, debates among the colonists regarding both the
3270:
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A representative of the Praxis corporation sent to contact the Martian underground movement on a quasi-
1220:
trilogy draws to a close in the mid-23rd century, the metanational corporations are forced by a global
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2475:"Falling into Theory: Terraformation and Eco-Economics in Kim Stanley Robinson's Martian Trilogy"
2224:
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1971:
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guiding the successful revolutions that occur decades later, despite her psychological problems.
1213:
872:
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124:
5745:
5602:
2627:
1526:, agriculture, and ecological systems, it was Ai who smuggled Desmond "Coyote" Hawkins onto the
1658:, and the second-generation Martians are sansei. Third-generation Martians are called yonsei.
1635:. He becomes a leading figure in the underground and an unofficial coordinator of a developing
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1967:
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1175:""If Wang Wei Lived on Mars and Other Poems"" inc "The Names of the Canals", "The Soundtrack"
6161:
6134:
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1975:
1955:
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1654:. People who immigrated from Earth are called issei, the first generation born on Mars are
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and Locus Awards in 1994, and was nominated for the BSFA (1993) and Nebula Awards (1994).
1210:
5852:
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5284:
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411:
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77:
1877:, which also remained unproduced. Then, in October 2008, it was reported that AMC and
1379:
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3022:
2659:
2311:
1995:
1870:
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1458:
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1194:
811:
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378:
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means "stonebreaker" and is the name for an Alpine plant that grows between stones.
5888:
5726:
5709:
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5332:
5320:
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2019:
1939:
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1338:
1261:
1206:
1120:
441:
382:
292:
248:
165:
1564:
of heart arrhythmia when Maya displays signs of very heavy temporary memory loss.
603:
as the Demimonde. Among the expanded group are the First Hundred's children, the
6024:
5988:
5983:
5928:
5905:
5809:
5702:
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5373:
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3673:
3508:
3432:
3258:
3074:
3045:
2915:
2354:"Spike Orders 'Mars' Trilogy Straight to Series with Writer Michael Straczynski"
2335:"Kim Stanley Robinson's 'Red Mars' Book Adapted as Series at Spike TV - Variety"
1831:
Award in 1993, and was nominated for the Hugo, Clarke, and Locus Awards in 1993.
1367:
1198:
973:
948:
407:
244:
6151:
6117:
6095:
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4136:
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3973:
3838:
3473:
3425:
3349:
2891:
1989:
1985:
1909:
1824:
1723:
1296:
1036:"Some Work Notes and Commentary on the Constitution by Charlotte Dorsa Brevia"
816:
639:
399:
132:
1881:
had teamed up and were planning to develop a television mini-series based on
5864:
5757:
5661:
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819:
away, where they will start to terraform the planets and moons found there.
620:
437:
391:
2516:
1027:"Arthur Sternbach Brings the Curveball to Mars" (subsequently anthologized)
1865:
in the late 1990s, who conceived a five-hour miniseries to be directed by
853:
41:
17:
5738:
5595:
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4748:
4190:
3527:
2587:
2076:
1727:
1620:
1556:
1334:
1221:
323:
159:
73:
4405:
3854:
2525:
1889:
1780:
1523:
1418:
1388:
635:
1150:"Enough Is as Good as a Feast" (the title phrase appears often in the
1051:"An Argument for the Deployment of All Safe Terraforming Technologies"
6007:
5057:
4143:
3480:
1681:
1581:
with Ursula and Marina, the exact nature of which is never resolved.
1264:, and include descriptions of settlements or terraforming efforts on
1144:
395:
69:
1710:
judgment. He works part-time as an engineer and a green politician.
1908:
reported that Straczynski had left his position as showrunner with
1650:
The Martians use the same terminology for different generations as
1784:
1655:
1281:
1256:
The books also speculate on the colonization of other planets and
604:
425:
85:
1693:
death, she retires in grief and joins a one-way expedition to an
368:
starts in 2026 with the first colonial voyage to Mars aboard the
2922:
2013:
1935:
1874:
1788:
1677:
1623:
stowaway, he is a friend and supporter of Hiroko, and a fervent
1417:
A Russian engineer who started out building nuclear reactors in
607:, a number of whom live in Hiroko's second secret base, Gamete.
81:
28:
5496:
4690:
3989:
2864:
2529:
27:"Red Mars" and "Green Mars" redirect here. For the planet, see
1950:
The trilogy has been translated into Spanish, French, German,
317:
2373:"Spike TV 'Red Mars' Series On Pause After Showrunner Exits"
1791:
Martian community. Zeyk is a close friend of Chalmers. His
2249:
Strange Horizons Articles: Interview: Kim Stanley Robinson
1904:
serving as showrunner and writer. However, in March 2016,
343:
1577:. For much of his Mars-centric life, Taneev lives in a
123:(1999) is a collection of short stories set in the same
38:
Series of science fiction novels by Kim Stanley Robinson
1224:
to concede more democratic powers to their workforces.
798:, and a mini-sun is created to produce light and heat.
2430:
Historical Dictionary of Science Fiction in Literature
1590:
Office of Mars Affairs (UNOMA) and its successor, the
1295:
treatments. In particular, Robinson speculates on the
45:
Covers of the Mars trilogy by Harper Voyager 2009 (UK)
1346:
an informal leadership role. In the first chapter of
1070:, June 1999 and subsequently anthologized, including
6181:
6046:
5915:
5784:
5653:
5534:
5431:
5180:
4929:
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4289:
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3364:
3233:
3084:
3009:
2902:
2813:
2772:
2725:
2686:
2579:
2572:
1869:, but he subsequently passed on the option. Later,
1172:, October–November 1999, subsequently anthologized)
984:"Exploring Fossil Canyon" (originally published in
955:
944:
936:
928:
920:
910:
902:
894:
886:
878:
868:
860:
769:
757:
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1928:are included on the Phoenix DVD, carried on board
1205:, the metanational corporations become similar to
1099:
428:meanwhile increasingly falls under the control of
2761:
2479:Dying Planet: Mars in Science and the Imagination
80:, sociological, and scientific advances made on
1429:in Mars' atmosphere, utterly destroying it. In
1236:Genetic engineering (GE) is first mentioned in
2432:. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 168–169.
2397:First Interplanetary Library Will Land on Mars
2048:, a board game heavily inspired by the trilogy
5508:
4702:
4001:
2876:
2541:
1166:"A Martian Romance" (originally published in
8:
2035:, the 1908 utopian science fiction novel by
846:
653:
459:
185:
155:also won the Hugo and Locus Awards in 1997.
2481:. Duke University Press. pp. 355–384.
2455:. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 544–555.
5515:
5501:
5493:
4709:
4695:
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4008:
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2883:
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2861:
2576:
2548:
2534:
2526:
2509:
2195:
2193:
2144:
2142:
2140:
852:
845:
751:Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel
652:
555:Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel
458:
184:
149:Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel
31:. For the novella by the same author, see
1942:for future Mars explorers and colonists.
297:British Science Fiction Association Award
2352:Elizabeth Wagmeister (8 December 2015).
1534:. Her ultimate fate is left unresolved.
40:
2069:
1892:announced it was working with producer
1378:Head of the American contingent, he is
1337:for a second mission, this time one of
2333:Shelli Weinstein (24 September 2014).
2095:"UCSD Guestbook: Kim Stanley Robinson"
1873:planned a similar mini-series for the
1011:"Green Mars" (originally published in
2521:Internet Speculative Fiction Database
2101:. University of California Television
1896:to develop a TV series adaptation of
1783:nomads who originally emigrated from
7:
2449:"Kim Stanley Robinson: Mars Trilogy"
2269:Cameron Sending Two Missions to Mars
1064:"Sexual Dimorphism" (Originally in:
5464:Babel, or the Necessity of Violence
4560:The City in the Middle of the Night
3657:Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire
2306:Gallagher, Brian (3 October 2008).
2225:"1996 Award Winners & Nominees"
2201:"1997 Award Winners & Nominees"
2174:"1994 Award Winners & Nominees"
2150:"1993 Award Winners & Nominees"
2121:"1992 Award Winners & Nominees"
1773:
1765:
1538:(愛) is the Japanese word for love.
1341:. Boone received a large amount of
1098:; Hartwell, David G., eds. (2002).
64:that chronicles the settlement and
2774:Science in the Capital/Green Earth
1056:The Journal of Areological Studies
634:but by the eruption of a chain of
25:
6247:Fiction about main-belt asteroids
5058:Tehanu: The Last Book of Earthsea
3705:Jonathan Strange & Mr Norrell
2371:Nellie Andreeva (25 March 2016).
932:Print (hardcover & paperback)
374:space shuttle external fuel tanks
2849:The Best of Kim Stanley Robinson
1988:
1445:leanings, possibly based on the
906:Spectra/Bantam Dell/Random House
730:Print (hardback & paperback)
704:Spectra/Bantam Dell/Random House
534:Print (hardback & paperback)
508:Spectra/Bantam Dell/Random House
276:Print (hardback & paperback)
6267:Science fiction novel trilogies
6222:American science fiction novels
4653:(1989–1997, 1999, 2017–present)
3326:Where Late the Sweet Birds Sang
2081:Science Fiction Awards Database
1946:Translations in other languages
1738:The daughter of Nadia and Art.
1453:(the character's ancestor) and
1358:, Robinson switches to Boone's
1312:The initial colonists from the
66:terraforming of the planet Mars
6252:Novels by Kim Stanley Robinson
4596:The Kaiju Preservation Society
3033:(aka: The Forever Machine) by
2453:A Companion to Science Fiction
1413:Nadezhda "Nadia" Chernyshevski
996:"The Way the Land Spoke to Us"
977:Martian terraforming program.
1:
5816:
5273:The Yiddish Policemen's Union
4394:The Yiddish Policemen's Union
3741:The Yiddish Policemen's Union
1787:and respected figures in the
6124:The House of Shattered Wings
3195:The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress
2426:"'Mars' Trilogy (1993–1996)"
1795:becomes a minor plot point.
1020:"Discovering Life" (also in
6262:Science fiction book series
6217:1990s science fiction works
5639:The Unlimited Dream Company
4950:The Claw of the Conciliator
3266:To Your Scattered Bodies Go
2676:The Ministry for the Future
1829:Nebula Award for Best Novel
1441:A mechanical engineer with
638:underneath the ice of West
137:Nebula Award for Best Novel
6303:
6277:Fiction about terraforming
5674:The Shadow of the Torturer
4334:The Years of Rice and Salt
4021:Best Science Fiction Novel
3129:The Man in the High Castle
3117:Stranger in a Strange Land
2620:The Years of Rice and Salt
2406:(from the Web site of the
2310:. MovieWeb. Archived from
1924:and the cover artwork for
1147:-bending science fiction.)
1106:. Tom Doherty Associates.
1033:"The Constitution of Mars"
1002:"Four Teleological Trails"
951:for Best Collection (2000)
794:are hollowed out, given a
430:transnational corporations
26:
5476:The Saint of Bright Doors
5051:Elizabeth Ann Scarborough
4915:The Fountains of Paradise
4795:The Left Hand of Darkness
4771:The Einstein Intersection
4622:
4584:A Desolation Called Peace
4275:To Say Nothing of the Dog
3945:A Desolation Called Peace
3622:To Say Nothing of the Dog
3373:The Fountains of Paradise
3242:The Left Hand of Darkness
2563:
2424:Booker, M. Keith (2014).
2059:, inspired by the trilogy
2022:, inspired by the trilogy
1839:Hugo Award for Best Novel
1515:
1125:A Science Fiction Omnibus
1054:"Selected Abstracts from
851:
747:Hugo Award for Best Novel
649: – Long-term results
551:Hugo Award for Best Novel
145:Hugo Award for Best Novel
6227:Eco-terrorism in fiction
5381:All the Birds in the Sky
3105:A Canticle for Leibowitz
2451:. In Seed, David (ed.).
1615:Desmond "Coyote" Hawkins
1169:Asimov's Science Fiction
1141:James Tiptree, Jr. Award
1067:Asimov's Science Fiction
1014:Asimov's Science Fiction
6237:Novels set in the 2020s
6032:The City & the City
5118:The Terminal Experiment
3786:The City & the City
2822:The Planet on the Table
2799:Sixty Days and Counting
2596:The Memory of Whiteness
2410:. Accessed 2008-05-26.)
2308:"AMC Lands on Red Mars"
2083:. Accessed 2020-04-04.)
1465:Saxifrage "Sax" Russell
1102:The Hard SF Renaissance
796:spin to produce gravity
76:, the story focuses on
6282:Books about automation
6001:Jon Courtenay Grimwood
5996:End of the World Blues
5965:Jon Courtenay Grimwood
5166:Parable of the Talents
3921:A Memory Called Empire
3846:The Three-Body Problem
3030:They'd Rather Be Right
2911:The Sword in the Stone
2519:series listing at the
2447:Franko, Carol (2008).
2009:Ethics of terraforming
1902:J. Michael Straczynski
1768:) and his wife Nazik (
1568:Vladimir "Vlad" Taneev
1152:Science in the Capital
1005:"Coyote Makes Trouble"
981:"Michel in Antarctica"
46:
5924:Ash: A Secret History
5734:The Ragged Astronauts
5405:The Calculating Stars
4657:Best Young Adult Book
4537:The Calculating Stars
4525:The Collapsing Empire
4060:The Many-Colored Land
3898:The Calculating Stars
3722:Robert Charles Wilson
3645:A Deepness in the Sky
3179:...And Call Me Conrad
3141:Here Gather the Stars
3110:Walter M. Miller, Jr.
2830:Escape from Kathmandu
1966:, Japanese, Italian,
1916:On Phoenix spacecraft
1747:Arthur "Art" Randolph
1522:A Japanese expert on
842: – Short stories
349:PS3568.O2893 R44 1993
99:The three novels are
44:
6242:Hard science fiction
5822:Kim Stanley Robinson
5805:The Fall of Hyperion
5567:Rendezvous with Rama
5417:A Song for a New Day
5410:Mary Robinette Kowal
5338:Kim Stanley Robinson
5242:Lois McMaster Bujold
5142:The Moon and the Sun
5099:Kim Stanley Robinson
5070:Stations of the Tide
5039:Lois McMaster Bujold
5010:Speaker for the Dead
4843:Rendezvous with Rama
4759:Flowers for Algernon
4565:Charlie Jane Anders
4542:Mary Robinette Kowal
4339:Kim Stanley Robinson
4263:The Rise of Endymion
4256:Kim Stanley Robinson
4232:Lois McMaster Bujold
4220:Kim Stanley Robinson
4196:Lois McMaster Bujold
4179:The Fall of Hyperion
4120:Speaker for the Dead
3969:Some Desperate Glory
3903:Mary Robinette Kowal
3698:Lois McMaster Bujold
3603:Kim Stanley Robinson
3579:Lois McMaster Bujold
3567:Kim Stanley Robinson
3540:A Fire Upon the Deep
3533:Lois McMaster Bujold
3521:Lois McMaster Bujold
3457:Speaker for the Dead
3290:Rendezvous with Rama
3070:A Case of Conscience
2604:A Short, Sharp Shock
2557:Kim Stanley Robinson
2052:Terraforming of Mars
2004:Colonization of Mars
1852:Adaptations and uses
1680:(the planet and the
1008:"Michel in Provence"
864:Kim Stanley Robinson
662:Kim Stanley Robinson
468:Kim Stanley Robinson
455: – Terraforming
195:Kim Stanley Robinson
181: – Colonization
62:Kim Stanley Robinson
33:Green Mars (novella)
6232:Fiction set in 2026
5481:Vajra Chandrasekera
5386:Charlie Jane Anders
4831:The Gods Themselves
3278:The Gods Themselves
2935:Beyond This Horizon
2791:Fifty Degrees Below
2783:Forty Signs of Rain
2271:, 25 August 1999,
1888:In September 2014,
1807:Development history
1625:anarchist communist
1287:A great portion of
1232:Genetic engineering
1143:, which celebrates
1045:"Saving Noctis Dam"
1042:"Keeping the Flame"
972:is a collection of
848:
655:
461:
414:cable is tethered.
187:
94:ecological disaster
6287:Literary trilogies
6272:Space opera novels
6257:Novels set on Mars
6190:The City We Became
6172:Adrian Tchaikovsky
6072:Christopher Priest
6020:The Night Sessions
5953:Christopher Priest
5894:Christopher Priest
5882:Mary Doria Russell
5584:Christopher Priest
5309:Blackout/All Clear
4639:Best Fantasy Novel
4441:Blackout/All Clear
4096:The Integral Trees
3798:Blackout/All Clear
3753:The Graveyard Book
3271:Philip José Farmer
3200:Robert A. Heinlein
3122:Robert A. Heinlein
3098:Robert A. Heinlein
3051:Robert A. Heinlein
3018:The Demolished Man
2988:Robert A. Heinlein
2402:2012-03-09 at the
2292:2008-06-15 at the
2275:2000-12-14 at the
2255:2006-07-11 at the
2251:, 15 August 2005,
2229:Worlds Without End
2205:Worlds Without End
2178:Worlds Without End
2154:Worlds Without End
2125:Worlds Without End
2037:Alexander Bogdanov
2020:Lee's flag of Mars
1879:Jonathan Hensleigh
1857:Screen adaptations
1652:Japanese Americans
1483:expressive aphasia
1451:Alexander Bogdanov
1160:"Coyote Remembers"
1139:Nominated for the
1081:. Harper Collins.
1073:Hartwell, David G.
999:"Maya and Desmond"
993:"The Archaea Plot"
446:Martian south pole
420:Alexander Bogdanov
125:fictional universe
47:
6204:
6203:
6128:Aliette de Bodard
6091:Ancillary Justice
6055:The Dervish House
5941:Alastair Reynolds
5834:Christopher Evans
5722:Helliconia Winter
5686:Helliconia Spring
5543:Stand on Zanzibar
5490:
5489:
5452:A Master of Djinn
5345:Ancillary Justice
5290:Ursula K. Le Guin
5171:Octavia E. Butler
5147:Vonda N. McIntyre
5063:Ursula K. Le Guin
5022:The Falling Woman
4962:No Enemy But Time
4908:Vonda N. McIntyre
4860:Ursula K. Le Guin
4824:Robert Silverberg
4819:A Time of Changes
4800:Ursula K. Le Guin
4684:
4683:
4651:Best Horror Novel
4482:James S. A. Corey
4358:The Baroque Cycle
4315:Ursula K. Le Guin
4072:Foundation's Edge
3983:
3982:
3957:Nettle & Bone
3834:Ancillary Justice
3409:Foundation's Edge
3397:Downbelow Station
3355:Vonda N. McIntyre
3307:Ursula K. Le Guin
3247:Ursula K. Le Guin
3219:Stand on Zanzibar
3150:Clifford D. Simak
3093:Starship Troopers
2983:Farmer in the Sky
2858:
2857:
2843:Vinland the Dream
2809:
2808:
2689:Three Californias
2580:Standalone novels
2488:978-0-8223-8727-5
2462:978-0-470-79701-3
2439:978-0-8108-7884-6
2408:Planetary Society
2077:Locus Awards 2000
2044:Terraforming Mars
1695:extrasolar planet
1643:Their descendants
1455:Arkady Strugatsky
1308:The First Hundred
1134:978-0-14-118892-8
1048:"Big Man in Love"
1022:Vinland the Dream
967:
966:
921:Publication place
869:Cover artist
810:, and eventually
779:
778:
719:Publication place
667:Cover artist
632:greenhouse effect
593:
592:
523:Publication place
473:Cover artist
363:
362:
265:Publication place
201:Cover artist
16:(Redirected from
6294:
6168:Children of Ruin
6162:Gareth L. Powell
6135:Europe in Winter
6106:Gareth L. Powell
5793:Take Back Plenty
5763:Robert Holdstock
5715:Robert Holdstock
5627:A Scanner Darkly
5608:Michael G. Coney
5572:Arthur C. Clarke
5555:The Jagged Orbit
5517:
5510:
5503:
5494:
5302:Paolo Bacigalupi
5237:Paladin of Souls
5201:The Quantum Rose
5123:Robert J. Sawyer
5075:Michael Swanwick
5046:The Healer's War
5015:Orson Scott Card
5003:Orson Scott Card
4920:Arthur C. Clarke
4855:The Dispossessed
4848:Arthur C. Clarke
4776:Samuel R. Delany
4754:Samuel R. Delany
4711:
4704:
4697:
4688:
4675:Best Short Story
4645:Best First Novel
4125:Orson Scott Card
4010:
4003:
3996:
3987:
3874:The Obelisk Gate
3862:The Fifth Season
3853:, translated by
3781:Paolo Bacigalupi
3693:Paladin of Souls
3686:Robert J. Sawyer
3462:Orson Scott Card
3450:Orson Scott Card
3378:Arthur C. Clarke
3302:The Dispossessed
3295:Arthur C. Clarke
2959:Shadow Over Mars
2885:
2878:
2871:
2862:
2837:Remaking History
2577:
2550:
2543:
2536:
2527:
2513:
2508:
2507:
2505:Official website
2492:
2466:
2443:
2411:
2394:
2388:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2368:
2362:
2361:
2349:
2343:
2342:
2330:
2324:
2323:
2321:
2319:
2303:
2297:
2285:
2279:
2265:
2259:
2245:
2239:
2238:
2236:
2235:
2221:
2215:
2214:
2212:
2211:
2197:
2188:
2187:
2185:
2184:
2170:
2164:
2163:
2161:
2160:
2146:
2135:
2134:
2132:
2131:
2117:
2111:
2110:
2108:
2106:
2093:Potts, Stephen.
2090:
2084:
2074:
1998:
1993:
1992:
1978:, among others.
1775:
1767:
1742:Other characters
1551:early events of
1517:
1406:bipolar disorder
1393:Valles Marineris
1138:
1117:
1105:
1092:
1078:Year's Best SF 5
1030:"Salt and Fresh"
912:Publication date
856:
849:
774:Green Mars
770:Preceded by
710:Publication date
656:
584:Followed by
574:Preceded by
514:Publication date
462:
358:Green Mars
354:Followed by
345:
319:
256:Publication date
188:
21:
6302:
6301:
6297:
6296:
6295:
6293:
6292:
6291:
6207:
6206:
6205:
6200:
6177:
6140:Dave Hutchinson
6113:Ancillary Sword
6101:Ack-Ack Macaque
6042:
5911:
5841:Feersum Endjinn
5798:Colin Greenland
5780:
5775:Terry Pratchett
5727:Brian W. Aldiss
5691:Brian W. Aldiss
5667:Gregory Benford
5649:
5530:
5521:
5491:
5486:
5427:
5362:Jeff VanderMeer
5297:The Windup Girl
5206:Catherine Asaro
5176:
5135:Nicola Griffith
4974:Startide Rising
4943:Gregory Benford
4925:
4867:The Forever War
4783:Rite of Passage
4724:
4715:
4685:
4680:
4618:
4608:System Collapse
4547:
4501:Ancillary Mercy
4489:Ancillary Sword
4416:
4411:Neal Stephenson
4363:Neal Stephenson
4303:Neal Stephenson
4285:
4244:Neal Stephenson
4239:The Diamond Age
4154:
4132:The Uplift War
4084:Startide Rising
4023:
4014:
3984:
3979:
3908:
3776:The Windup Girl
3763:
3632:
3591:Neal Stephenson
3586:The Diamond Age
3491:
3421:Startide Rising
3360:
3314:The Forever War
3229:
3080:
3005:
2940:Anson MacDonald
2898:
2889:
2859:
2854:
2805:
2768:
2721:
2682:
2628:Galileo's Dream
2568:
2559:
2554:
2503:
2502:
2499:
2489:
2471:Markley, Robert
2469:
2463:
2446:
2440:
2423:
2420:
2418:Further reading
2415:
2414:
2404:Wayback Machine
2395:
2391:
2381:
2379:
2370:
2369:
2365:
2351:
2350:
2346:
2332:
2331:
2327:
2317:
2315:
2314:on 10 June 2014
2305:
2304:
2300:
2294:Wayback Machine
2286:
2282:
2277:Wayback Machine
2266:
2262:
2257:Wayback Machine
2247:Lynne Jamneck,
2246:
2242:
2233:
2231:
2223:
2222:
2218:
2209:
2207:
2199:
2198:
2191:
2182:
2180:
2172:
2171:
2167:
2158:
2156:
2148:
2147:
2138:
2129:
2127:
2119:
2118:
2114:
2104:
2102:
2092:
2091:
2087:
2075:
2071:
2066:
2026:Mars in fiction
1994:
1987:
1984:
1948:
1920:The content of
1918:
1867:Martha Coolidge
1859:
1854:
1817:
1809:
1801:
1778:
1749:
1744:
1736:
1726:and explicitly
1716:
1714:Zoya "Zo" Boone
1707:
1705:Peter Clayborne
1690:
1673:
1664:
1645:
1617:
1587:
1570:
1544:
1520:
1496:
1467:
1447:Russian Machist
1439:
1437:Arkady Bogdanov
1415:
1401:
1376:
1327:
1310:
1305:
1254:
1234:
1190:
1185:
1135:
1119:
1114:
1096:Cramer, Kathryn
1094:
1089:
1071:
940:336 (hardcover)
929:Media type
913:
898:Science fiction
844:
808:Saturnian moons
738:609 (hardcover)
727:Media type
711:
696:Science fiction
651:
617:orbital mirrors
588:Blue Mars
542:535 (hardcover)
531:Media type
515:
500:Science fiction
457:
404:areosynchronous
334:
284:519 (hardcover)
273:Media type
257:
231:Science fiction
183:
175:
58:science fiction
56:is a series of
39:
36:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6300:
6298:
6290:
6289:
6284:
6279:
6274:
6269:
6264:
6259:
6254:
6249:
6244:
6239:
6234:
6229:
6224:
6219:
6209:
6208:
6202:
6201:
6199:
6198:
6185:
6183:
6179:
6178:
6176:
6175:
6165:
6155:
6143:
6131:
6121:
6109:
6087:
6075:
6063:
6050:
6048:
6044:
6043:
6041:
6040:
6037:China Miéville
6028:
6016:
6004:
5992:
5980:
5968:
5956:
5948:The Separation
5944:
5932:
5919:
5917:
5913:
5912:
5910:
5909:
5897:
5885:
5873:
5861:
5858:Stephen Baxter
5853:The Time Ships
5849:
5837:
5825:
5813:
5801:
5788:
5786:
5782:
5781:
5779:
5778:
5766:
5754:
5742:
5730:
5718:
5706:
5694:
5682:
5670:
5657:
5655:
5651:
5650:
5648:
5647:
5635:
5632:Philip K. Dick
5623:
5611:
5599:
5587:
5579:Inverted World
5575:
5563:
5551:
5538:
5536:
5532:
5531:
5522:
5520:
5519:
5512:
5505:
5497:
5488:
5487:
5485:
5484:
5472:
5460:
5457:P. Djèlí Clark
5448:
5440:Network Effect
5435:
5433:
5429:
5428:
5426:
5425:
5413:
5401:
5389:
5377:
5365:
5353:
5341:
5329:
5317:
5305:
5293:
5281:
5278:Michael Chabon
5269:
5257:
5245:
5233:
5230:Elizabeth Moon
5221:
5209:
5197:
5189:Darwin's Radio
5184:
5182:
5178:
5177:
5175:
5174:
5162:
5150:
5138:
5126:
5114:
5102:
5090:
5078:
5066:
5054:
5042:
5030:
5018:
5006:
4994:
4991:William Gibson
4982:
4970:
4967:Michael Bishop
4958:
4946:
4933:
4931:
4927:
4926:
4924:
4923:
4911:
4899:
4887:
4875:
4863:
4851:
4839:
4827:
4815:
4803:
4791:
4788:Alexei Panshin
4779:
4767:
4745:
4732:
4730:
4726:
4725:
4716:
4714:
4713:
4706:
4699:
4691:
4682:
4681:
4679:
4678:
4677:(1971–present)
4672:
4671:(1975–present)
4669:Best Novelette
4666:
4665:(1973–present)
4660:
4659:(2003–present)
4654:
4648:
4647:(1981–present)
4642:
4641:(1978–present)
4636:
4635:(1980–present)
4630:
4623:
4620:
4619:
4617:
4616:
4604:
4592:
4589:Arkady Martine
4580:
4572:Network Effect
4568:
4555:
4553:
4549:
4548:
4546:
4545:
4533:
4521:
4509:
4497:
4485:
4477:Abaddon's Gate
4473:
4461:
4458:China Miéville
4449:
4437:
4424:
4422:
4418:
4417:
4415:
4414:
4402:
4399:Michael Chabon
4390:
4378:
4375:Charles Stross
4366:
4354:
4342:
4330:
4318:
4306:
4293:
4291:
4287:
4286:
4284:
4283:
4271:
4259:
4247:
4235:
4223:
4211:
4199:
4187:
4175:
4162:
4160:
4156:
4155:
4153:
4152:
4140:
4128:
4116:
4104:
4092:
4080:
4068:
4056:
4048:The Snow Queen
4044:
4031:
4029:
4025:
4024:
4015:
4013:
4012:
4005:
3998:
3990:
3981:
3980:
3978:
3977:
3965:
3953:
3950:Arkady Martine
3941:
3933:Network Effect
3929:
3926:Arkady Martine
3916:
3914:
3910:
3909:
3907:
3906:
3894:
3882:
3870:
3858:
3842:
3830:
3818:
3806:
3794:
3791:China Miéville
3771:
3769:
3765:
3764:
3762:
3761:
3749:
3746:Michael Chabon
3737:
3725:
3713:
3710:Susanna Clarke
3701:
3689:
3677:
3665:
3653:
3640:
3638:
3634:
3633:
3631:
3630:
3618:
3606:
3594:
3582:
3570:
3558:
3536:
3524:
3512:
3499:
3497:
3493:
3492:
3490:
3489:
3477:
3469:The Uplift War
3465:
3453:
3441:
3438:William Gibson
3429:
3417:
3405:
3393:
3385:The Snow Queen
3381:
3368:
3366:
3362:
3361:
3359:
3358:
3346:
3334:
3322:
3310:
3298:
3286:
3274:
3262:
3250:
3237:
3235:
3231:
3230:
3228:
3227:
3215:
3203:
3191:
3165:
3153:
3137:
3134:Philip K. Dick
3125:
3113:
3101:
3088:
3086:
3082:
3081:
3079:
3078:
3066:
3054:
3042:
3026:
3013:
3011:
3007:
3006:
3004:
3003:
2995:Fahrenheit 451
2991:
2979:
2967:
2964:Leigh Brackett
2955:
2943:
2931:
2928:A. E. van Vogt
2919:
2906:
2904:
2900:
2899:
2890:
2888:
2887:
2880:
2873:
2865:
2856:
2855:
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2766:
2758:
2750:
2742:
2733:
2731:
2723:
2722:
2720:
2719:
2711:
2707:The Gold Coast
2703:
2699:The Wild Shore
2694:
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2684:
2683:
2681:
2680:
2672:
2664:
2656:
2648:
2640:
2632:
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2538:
2530:
2524:
2523:
2514:
2498:
2497:External links
2495:
2494:
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2416:
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2017:
2011:
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1983:
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1894:Vince Gerardis
1875:Sci-Fi Channel
1858:
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1793:eidetic memory
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1600:Space Elevator
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1579:ménage à trois
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1211:interplanetary
1203:future history
1189:
1186:
1184:
1183:Story elements
1181:
1180:
1179:
1176:
1173:
1164:
1161:
1158:
1157:"What Matters"
1155:
1148:
1133:
1127:. Penguin UK.
1123:, ed. (2007).
1112:
1087:
1075:, ed. (2000).
1062:
1059:
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1046:
1043:
1040:
1039:"Jackie on Zo"
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1178:"Purple Mars"
1177:
1174:
1171:
1170:
1165:
1163:"Sax Moments"
1162:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1149:
1146:
1142:
1136:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1121:Aldiss, Brian
1115:
1113:0-312-87635-1
1109:
1104:
1103:
1097:
1090:
1088:0-06-102054-0
1084:
1080:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1068:
1063:
1060:
1057:
1053:
1050:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1019:
1016:
1015:
1010:
1007:
1004:
1001:
998:
995:
992:
989:
988:
983:
980:
979:
978:
975:
974:short stories
971:
963:
962:0-553-80117-1
960:
958:
954:
950:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
924:United States
923:
919:
915:
909:
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
874:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
850:
847:The Martians
841:
838:
836:
832:
828:
824:
820:
818:
813:
809:
805:
799:
797:
793:
788:
783:
775:
772:
768:
765:
764:0-553-10144-7
762:
760:
756:
752:
748:
745:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
722:United States
721:
717:
713:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
672:
669:
665:
661:
657:
648:
645:
643:
641:
637:
633:
628:
624:
622:
618:
612:
608:
606:
601:
597:
589:
586:
582:
579:
576:
572:
569:
568:0-553-09640-0
566:
564:
560:
556:
552:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
526:United States
525:
521:
517:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
463:
454:
451:
449:
447:
443:
442:police-states
439:
433:
431:
427:
423:
421:
415:
413:
410:" to which a
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
387:
384:
380:
375:
371:
367:
359:
356:
352:
348:
346:
344:LC Class
340:
336:
333:
332:Dewey Decimal
328:
325:
322:
320:
314:
311:
310:0-553-09204-9
308:
306:
302:
298:
294:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
268:United States
267:
263:
259:
253:
250:
246:
242:
239:
235:
232:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
206:
203:
199:
196:
193:
189:
180:
177:
172:
170:
168:
167:
162:
161:
156:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
121:
116:
115:
110:
109:
104:
103:
97:
95:
91:
88:suffers from
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
59:
55:
53:
43:
34:
30:
19:
6188:
6182:2020–present
6167:
6157:
6145:
6133:
6123:
6111:
6108:(tie) (2013)
6099:
6089:
6084:Adam Roberts
6077:
6065:
6060:Ian McDonald
6053:
6030:
6018:
6013:Ian McDonald
6006:
5994:
5982:
5977:Ian McDonald
5970:
5958:
5946:
5934:
5922:
5901:The Sky Road
5899:
5889:The Extremes
5887:
5875:
5863:
5851:
5839:
5827:
5815:
5803:
5791:
5768:
5756:
5744:
5732:
5720:
5710:Mythago Wood
5708:
5696:
5684:
5672:
5660:
5637:
5625:
5613:
5601:
5589:
5577:
5565:
5560:John Brunner
5553:
5548:John Brunner
5541:
5474:
5462:
5450:
5445:Martha Wells
5438:
5432:2021–present
5415:
5403:
5391:
5379:
5367:
5357:Annihilation
5355:
5343:
5331:
5321:Among Others
5319:
5307:
5295:
5283:
5271:
5259:
5254:Joe Haldeman
5247:
5235:
5223:
5211:
5199:
5187:
5164:
5159:Joe Haldeman
5152:
5140:
5128:
5116:
5104:
5093:
5092:
5080:
5068:
5056:
5044:
5034:Falling Free
5032:
5020:
5008:
4998:Ender's Game
4996:
4984:
4972:
4960:
4948:
4936:
4913:
4901:
4889:
4877:
4872:Joe Haldeman
4865:
4853:
4841:
4836:Isaac Asimov
4829:
4817:
4805:
4793:
4781:
4769:
4764:Daniel Keyes
4757:
4747:
4735:
4718:Nebula Award
4663:Best Novella
4613:Martha Wells
4606:
4594:
4582:
4577:Martha Wells
4570:
4558:
4535:
4523:
4511:
4499:
4487:
4475:
4463:
4451:
4439:
4427:
4404:
4392:
4387:Vernor Vinge
4382:Rainbows End
4380:
4368:
4356:
4344:
4332:
4320:
4308:
4296:
4273:
4261:
4250:
4249:
4237:
4227:Mirror Dance
4225:
4214:
4213:
4201:
4189:
4177:
4165:
4142:
4130:
4118:
4106:
4094:
4082:
4077:Isaac Asimov
4070:
4058:
4046:
4034:
3967:
3955:
3943:
3938:Martha Wells
3931:
3919:
3896:
3884:
3872:
3860:
3844:
3832:
3820:
3810:Among Others
3808:
3796:
3784:
3774:
3751:
3739:
3734:Vernor Vinge
3729:Rainbows End
3727:
3715:
3703:
3691:
3679:
3667:
3655:
3650:Vernor Vinge
3643:
3620:
3615:Joe Haldeman
3608:
3597:
3596:
3584:
3574:Mirror Dance
3572:
3561:
3560:
3548:
3545:Vernor Vinge
3538:
3526:
3516:The Vor Game
3514:
3502:
3479:
3467:
3455:
3445:Ender's Game
3443:
3431:
3419:
3414:Isaac Asimov
3407:
3395:
3383:
3371:
3348:
3336:
3331:Kate Wilhelm
3324:
3319:Joe Haldeman
3312:
3300:
3288:
3283:Isaac Asimov
3276:
3264:
3252:
3240:
3224:John Brunner
3217:
3205:
3193:
3183:
3177:
3167:
3162:Fritz Leiber
3157:The Wanderer
3155:
3145:
3139:
3127:
3115:
3103:
3091:
3068:
3063:Fritz Leiber
3058:The Big Time
3056:
3044:
3035:Mark Clifton
3028:
3016:
3000:Ray Bradbury
2993:
2981:
2976:Isaac Asimov
2969:
2957:
2952:Fritz Leiber
2947:Conjure Wife
2945:
2933:
2921:
2909:
2848:
2842:
2836:
2828:
2820:
2797:
2789:
2781:
2773:
2762:The Martians
2760:
2753:
2752:
2745:
2744:
2737:
2736:
2727:
2726:
2715:Pacific Edge
2713:
2705:
2697:
2687:
2674:
2666:
2658:
2650:
2642:
2634:
2626:
2618:
2610:
2602:
2594:
2586:
2566:Bibliography
2517:Mars trilogy
2478:
2452:
2429:
2392:
2380:. Retrieved
2376:
2366:
2357:
2347:
2338:
2328:
2316:. Retrieved
2312:the original
2301:
2296:, 06-June-03
2283:
2267:Greg Clark,
2263:
2243:
2232:. Retrieved
2228:
2219:
2208:. Retrieved
2204:
2181:. Retrieved
2177:
2168:
2157:. Retrieved
2153:
2128:. Retrieved
2124:
2115:
2103:. Retrieved
2098:
2088:
2080:
2072:
2057:TerraGenesis
2046:(board game)
2043:
2030:
1949:
1940:time capsule
1929:
1925:
1921:
1919:
1905:
1897:
1887:
1882:
1860:
1844:
1834:
1820:
1810:
1802:
1799:William Fort
1779:
1760:Zeyk Tuqan (
1750:
1737:
1719:
1717:
1708:
1691:
1688:Jackie Boone
1674:
1665:
1649:
1646:
1637:gift economy
1632:
1628:
1618:
1607:
1603:
1595:
1588:
1574:
1571:
1561:
1552:
1548:psychologist
1545:
1542:Michel Duval
1535:
1531:
1527:
1521:
1503:
1498:An American
1497:
1478:
1469:An American
1468:
1440:
1430:
1416:
1402:
1384:
1377:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1339:colonization
1329:An American
1328:
1318:
1313:
1311:
1288:
1286:
1262:Solar System
1255:
1252:Other themes
1245:
1241:
1237:
1235:
1226:
1217:
1191:
1188:Corporations
1167:
1151:
1124:
1101:
1076:
1065:
1055:
1021:
1012:
985:
970:The Martians
969:
968:
890:Mars Trilogy
840:The Martians
839:
833:
829:
825:
821:
804:Jovian moons
800:
786:
781:
780:
773:
688:Mars Trilogy
646:
629:
625:
613:
609:
599:
595:
594:
587:
577:
518:October 1993
492:Mars Trilogy
452:
434:
424:
416:
388:
383:terraforming
369:
365:
364:
357:
293:Nebula Award
249:Random House
222:Mars Trilogy
178:
164:
158:
157:
152:
140:
135:in 1992 and
128:
120:The Martians
119:
118:
113:
112:
111:(1993), and
107:
106:
101:
100:
98:
51:
50:
48:
6025:Ken MacLeod
5989:Geoff Ryman
5929:Mary Gentle
5906:Ken MacLeod
5877:The Sparrow
5810:Dan Simmons
5703:John Sladek
5591:Orbitsville
5469:R. F. Kuang
5374:Naomi Novik
5218:Neil Gaiman
5106:Moving Mars
4986:Neuromancer
4812:Larry Niven
4629:(1971–1981)
4601:John Scalzi
4530:John Scalzi
4513:Death's End
4470:John Scalzi
4453:Embassytown
4370:Accelerando
4351:Dan Simmons
4310:The Telling
4268:Dan Simmons
4184:Dan Simmons
4172:Dan Simmons
4108:The Postman
4101:Larry Niven
4041:John Varley
4017:Locus Award
3827:John Scalzi
3758:Neil Gaiman
3674:Neil Gaiman
3509:Dan Simmons
3433:Neuromancer
3259:Larry Niven
3146:Way Station
3075:James Blish
3046:Double Star
3039:Frank Riley
2916:T. H. White
2814:Collections
2318:27 November
2105:5 September
1621:Trinidadian
1510:Hiroko Ai (
1368:human brain
1321:by Hiroko.
1222:catastrophe
1199:third-world
987:Universe 12
949:Locus Award
817:light-years
460:Green Mars
245:Bantam Dell
78:egalitarian
6211:Categories
6152:Nina Allan
6118:Ann Leckie
6096:Ann Leckie
6079:Jack Glass
5936:Chasm City
5679:Gene Wolfe
5620:Ian Watson
5603:Brontomek!
5528:Best Novel
5524:BSFA Award
5350:Ann Leckie
5249:Camouflage
5130:Slow River
5027:Pat Murphy
4979:David Brin
4955:Gene Wolfe
4903:Dreamsnake
4722:Best Novel
4627:Best Novel
4506:Ann Leckie
4494:Ann Leckie
4429:Boneshaker
4215:Green Mars
4137:David Brin
4113:David Brin
4089:David Brin
4065:Julian May
3974:Emily Tesh
3839:Ann Leckie
3562:Green Mars
3474:David Brin
3426:David Brin
3350:Dreamsnake
2896:Best Novel
2892:Hugo Award
2746:Green Mars
2612:Antarctica
2234:2009-07-06
2210:2009-07-06
2183:2009-07-06
2159:2009-07-06
2130:2009-07-06
2079:(from the
2064:References
1922:Green Mars
1910:Peter Noah
1835:Green Mars
1753:diplomatic
1728:nihilistic
1724:hedonistic
1633:Green Mars
1608:Green Mars
1532:Green Mars
1479:Green Mars
1364:endorphins
1325:John Boone
1303:Characters
1242:Green Mars
1193:result of
916:April 1999
787:Green Mars
714:April 1996
654:Blue Mars
640:Antarctica
596:Green Mars
453:Green Mars
406:asteroid "
400:permafrost
337:813/.54 20
141:Green Mars
133:BSFA Award
108:Green Mars
60:novels by
18:Green Mars
6047:2010–2019
5916:2000–2009
5865:Excession
5785:1990–1999
5758:Lavondyss
5662:Timescape
5654:1980–1989
5535:1969–1979
5326:Jo Walton
5194:Greg Bear
5181:2001–2020
5111:Greg Bear
4938:Timescape
4930:1981–2000
4807:Ringworld
4729:1966–1980
4518:Liu Cixin
4465:Redshirts
4251:Blue Mars
3851:Cixin Liu
3822:Redshirts
3815:Jo Walton
3598:Blue Mars
3254:Ringworld
2754:Blue Mars
1972:Bulgarian
1845:Blue Mars
1827:in 1992,
1766:زيك طوقان
1720:Blue Mars
1699:Aldebaran
1592:corporate
1575:Blue Mars
1562:Blue Mars
1546:A French
1504:Blue Mars
1500:geologist
1488:Saxifrage
1475:terraform
1471:physicist
1443:anarchist
1431:Blue Mars
1427:aerobrake
1391:flood in
1343:radiation
1331:astronaut
1293:longevity
1289:Blue Mars
1246:Blue Mars
1216:. As the
903:Publisher
873:Don Dixon
782:Blue Mars
701:Publisher
671:Don Dixon
647:Blue Mars
636:volcanoes
621:volcanoes
505:Publisher
476:Don Dixon
438:world war
392:viriditas
237:Publisher
205:Don Dixon
186:Red Mars
153:Blue Mars
151:in 1994.
139:in 1993.
114:Blue Mars
74:dystopian
6147:The Rift
5960:Felaheen
5817:Red Mars
5770:Pyramids
5739:Bob Shaw
5596:Bob Shaw
5369:Uprooted
5094:Red Mars
4879:Man Plus
4749:Babel-17
4191:Barrayar
4167:Hyperion
3681:Hominids
3528:Barrayar
3504:Hyperion
2971:The Mule
2738:Red Mars
2668:Red Moon
2588:Icehenge
2473:(2005).
2400:Archived
2382:26 March
2377:Deadline
2290:Archived
2273:Archived
2253:Archived
2032:Red Star
1982:See also
1968:Romanian
1926:Red Mars
1906:Deadline
1898:Red Mars
1883:Red Mars
1837:won the
1823:won the
1821:Red Mars
1629:Red Mars
1604:Red Mars
1596:Red Mars
1557:Provence
1553:Red Mars
1512:Japanese
1385:Red Mars
1356:Red Mars
1348:Red Mars
1266:Callisto
1238:Red Mars
1061:"Odessa"
879:Language
749:(1997),
677:Language
600:Red Mars
553:(1994),
481:Language
366:Red Mars
324:26054317
295:(1993),
211:Language
179:Red Mars
160:Icehenge
143:won the
131:won the
129:Red Mars
117:(1996).
105:(1992),
102:Red Mars
84:, while
5746:Gráinne
5698:Tik-Tok
4891:Gateway
4406:Anathem
4322:Passage
3855:Ken Liu
3338:Gateway
2358:Variety
2339:Variety
1976:Serbian
1956:Chinese
1952:Russian
1931:Phoenix
1890:SpikeTV
1781:Bedouin
1682:war-god
1524:biology
1419:Siberia
1389:aquifer
1366:in the
1278:Miranda
1274:Titania
1270:Mercury
1260:in the
1154:series)
990:, 1982)
882:English
680:English
484:English
396:moholes
241:Spectra
214:English
70:utopian
54:trilogy
6197:(2020)
6174:(2019)
6164:(2018)
6154:(2017)
6142:(2016)
6130:(2015)
6120:(2014)
6086:(2012)
6074:(2011)
6062:(2010)
6039:(2009)
6027:(2008)
6015:(2007)
6008:Brasyl
6003:(2006)
5991:(2005)
5979:(2004)
5967:(2003)
5955:(2002)
5943:(2001)
5931:(2000)
5908:(1999)
5896:(1998)
5884:(1997)
5872:(1996)
5860:(1995)
5848:(1994)
5836:(1993)
5824:(1992)
5812:(1991)
5800:(1990)
5777:(1989)
5765:(1988)
5753:(1987)
5741:(1986)
5729:(1985)
5717:(1984)
5705:(1983)
5693:(1982)
5681:(1981)
5669:(1980)
5646:(1979)
5634:(1978)
5622:(1977)
5610:(1976)
5598:(1975)
5586:(1974)
5574:(1973)
5562:(1970)
5550:(1969)
5483:(2024)
5471:(2023)
5459:(2022)
5447:(2021)
5424:(2020)
5412:(2019)
5400:(2018)
5388:(2017)
5376:(2016)
5364:(2015)
5352:(2014)
5340:(2013)
5328:(2012)
5316:(2011)
5304:(2010)
5292:(2009)
5285:Powers
5280:(2008)
5268:(2007)
5261:Seeker
5256:(2006)
5244:(2005)
5232:(2004)
5220:(2003)
5208:(2002)
5196:(2001)
5173:(2000)
5161:(1999)
5149:(1998)
5137:(1997)
5125:(1996)
5113:(1995)
5101:(1994)
5089:(1993)
5077:(1992)
5065:(1991)
5053:(1990)
5041:(1989)
5029:(1988)
5017:(1987)
5005:(1986)
4993:(1985)
4981:(1984)
4969:(1983)
4957:(1982)
4945:(1981)
4922:(1980)
4910:(1979)
4898:(1978)
4886:(1977)
4874:(1976)
4862:(1975)
4850:(1974)
4838:(1973)
4826:(1972)
4814:(1971)
4802:(1970)
4790:(1969)
4778:(1968)
4766:(1967)
4744:(1966)
4615:(2024)
4603:(2023)
4591:(2022)
4579:(2021)
4567:(2020)
4544:(2019)
4532:(2018)
4520:(2017)
4508:(2016)
4496:(2015)
4484:(2014)
4472:(2013)
4460:(2012)
4448:(2011)
4436:(2010)
4413:(2009)
4401:(2008)
4389:(2007)
4377:(2006)
4365:(2005)
4353:(2004)
4341:(2003)
4329:(2002)
4317:(2001)
4305:(2000)
4282:(1999)
4270:(1998)
4258:(1997)
4246:(1996)
4234:(1995)
4222:(1994)
4210:(1993)
4198:(1992)
4186:(1991)
4174:(1990)
4151:(1989)
4144:Cyteen
4139:(1988)
4127:(1987)
4115:(1986)
4103:(1985)
4091:(1984)
4079:(1983)
4067:(1982)
4055:(1981)
4043:(1980)
3976:(2024)
3964:(2023)
3952:(2022)
3940:(2021)
3928:(2020)
3905:(2019)
3893:(2018)
3881:(2017)
3869:(2016)
3857:(2015)
3841:(2014)
3829:(2013)
3817:(2012)
3805:(2011)
3793:(2010)
3760:(2009)
3748:(2008)
3736:(2007)
3724:(2006)
3712:(2005)
3700:(2004)
3688:(2003)
3676:(2002)
3664:(2001)
3652:(2000)
3629:(1999)
3617:(1998)
3605:(1997)
3593:(1996)
3581:(1995)
3569:(1994)
3557:(1993)
3535:(1992)
3523:(1991)
3511:(1990)
3488:(1989)
3481:Cyteen
3476:(1988)
3464:(1987)
3452:(1986)
3440:(1985)
3428:(1984)
3416:(1983)
3404:(1982)
3392:(1981)
3380:(1980)
3357:(1979)
3345:(1978)
3333:(1977)
3321:(1976)
3309:(1975)
3297:(1974)
3285:(1973)
3273:(1972)
3261:(1971)
3249:(1970)
3226:(1969)
3214:(1968)
3202:(1967)
3190:(1966)
3182:(aka:
3164:(1965)
3152:(1964)
3144:(aka:
3136:(1963)
3124:(1962)
3112:(1961)
3100:(1960)
3077:(1959)
3065:(1958)
3053:(1956)
3041:(1955)
3025:(1953)
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2990:(1951)
2978:(1946)
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2679:(2020)
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2655:(2015)
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