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with a black dorsal stripe that broadens near the end of the abdomen. Immature males and most females have reddish-brown abdomens, but some females are patterned like adult males. Wings are initially clear but usually become amber-tinted with age, especially in females. Both sexes have a black ‘bulls-eye’ mark on the face (more precisely, the
471:
prey upon immature aquatic insects (including conspecifics), small crustaceans, small tadpoles, and even small fish. Adults primarily prey on winged insects, including wasps, flies, butterflies, and other
Odonates. The primary predators of common green darner nymphs are fish. Adults are preyed upon
434:
Common green darners are commonly found throughout the continental United States and southern Canada, occasionally ranging as far south as Panama, particularly in the winter. There are also populations in Hawaii and the
Caribbean. Vagrant individuals have been seen far outside of their normal range
535:
is likely composed of at least three different generations. The first generation emerges in the southern end of its range in early spring and migrates northwards through spring and summer. The second generation emerges in the northern end of its range in summer and migrates southwards in fall. The
443:
Common green darners are large dragonflies, ranging from 6.8 to 8 centimetres (2.7 to 3.1 in) in length and a wingspan of up to 10 centimetres (3.9 in). Both sexes have an unmarked green thorax. Mature males have bluish-purple abdomens (the first few abdominal segments are the brightest)
547:
A study published in 2019 attached miniaturized radio transmitters to common green darners in the Great Lakes region and tracked their movement with the Motus
Wildlife Tracking System. Individuals moved at an average groundspeed of 16 kilometres per hour (9.9 mph).
539:
By attaching micro-radio transmitters to common green darners, researchers have found them to be capable of migrating up to 140 kilometres (87 mi) in a day, though they typically cover less distance per day. A group of researchers used
484:
Nymphs develop in lakes, ponds, and slow streams and rivers. Adults are most frequently seen around nymph habitat but they are strong fliers and can be found in a wide variety of habitats including grasslands, forests, and urban areas.
536:
third generation occurs in the south during the winter and does not migrate. Common green darners migrate in fall and spring but for several reasons the southward movement in fall is more noticeable.
530:
The large geographic range and migratory behavior of the common green darner has made it a challenge to piece together its complex life history. Recent research has indicated that the annual life cycle of
957:
435:
including sightings in Alaska, Russia, China, Japan, France, the United
Kingdom, India, and Bermuda. These vagrant sightings are likely migrating individuals blown off-course by strong winds or storms.
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on individuals collected between
Ontario and Mexico during fall and documented that >90% of individuals moved southward, with an average distance of 900 kilometers.
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There are several species of migratory dragonflies in North
America, but common green darners are the best studied. Other migratory species include:
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The green darner is a large dragonfly; males grow to 76 mm (3.0 in) in length with a wingspan up to 80 mm (3.1 in).
1543:
1316:
1528:
607:
638:
1548:
559:
1072:"A critical overview of progress in studies of migration of dragonflies (Odonata: Anisoptera), with emphasis on North America"
614:
1399:
1433:
1233:
448:) in front of their eyes, a distinguishing field mark that separates them from the superficially similar comet darner (
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1334:
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1039:
350:
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1523:
571:
90:
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522:
195:
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Hallworth, Michael T.; Marra, Peter P.; McFarland, Kent P.; Zahendra, Sara; Studds, Colin E. (2018).
678:
55:
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1518:
1093:
506:
414:
in 1773. There are not currently any recognized subspecies. There are three recognized synonyms:
354:
221:
85:
1113:"Radio-tracking reveals how wind and temperature influence the pace of daytime insect migration"
1386:
842:"Tracking dragons: stable isotopes reveal the annual cycle of a long-distance migratory insect"
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937:
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817:
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767:
445:
1219:
1111:
Knight, Samantha M.; Pitman, Grace M.; Flockhart, D. T. Tyler; Norris, D. Ryan (2019-07-26).
454:). This species oviposits in tandem which is a unique behavior among North American darners.
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761:
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1321:
1204:
763:
Dragonflies through
Binoculars: A Field Guide to Dragonflies of North America
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Females oviposit in aquatic vegetation, eggs laid beneath the water surface.
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317:. It is well known for its great migration distance from the northern
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309:. One of the most common and abundant species throughout
902:
Miner, Angela (2014). Martina, Leila
Siciliano (ed.).
383:. Adult darners catch insects on the wing, including
1001:. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
835:
833:
467:
Both the adult and the nymphal stage are predators.
1188:
814:
Field Guide to
Insects and Spiders of North America
49:Adult female, Blackwell Forest Preserve, Illinois
958:"World Odonata List · University of Puget Sound"
789:Kaufman Field Guide to Insects of North America
679:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T165081A65831504.en
8:
816:. Sterling Publishing Co., Inc. p. 62.
371:(naiads) are aquatic carnivores, feeding on
1065:
1063:
1061:
1059:
1013:"Species Anax junius - Common Green Darner"
936:. Kollath+Stensaas Publishing. p. 16.
1176:
64:
40:
31:
1136:
1087:
867:
677:
601:Uncommon blue form female, Ottawa, Canada
791:. Houghton Mifflin Company. p. 42.
739:Global Biodiversity Information Facility
698:
696:
476:, spiders, and other large dragonflies.
1040:"Wisconsin Odonata Survey: Anax junius"
999:Dragonflies and Damselflies of the East
766:. Oxford University Press. p. 33.
627:
555:
992:
990:
988:
986:
984:
982:
897:
895:
893:
891:
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787:Eaton, Eric R.; Kaufman, Kenn (2006).
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1032:
7:
1348:f2a9be9d-3550-4187-9988-12c9f9924399
1514:IUCN Red List least concern species
665:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
25:
1534:Insects of the Dominican Republic
1162:
606:
594:
582:
570:
558:
89:
1076:Journal of Insect Conservation
1070:May, Michael L. (2013-02-01).
615:San Joaquin Wildlife Sanctuary
297:), after its resemblance to a
1:
1539:Symbols of Washington (state)
1565:
934:Insects of the North Woods
760:Dunkle, Sidney W. (2000).
472:by birds and occasionally
410:described this species as
313:, it also ranges south to
1544:Insects described in 1773
1089:10.1007/s10841-012-9540-x
812:Evans, Arthur V. (2007).
227:
220:
201:
194:
86:Scientific classification
84:
62:
53:
48:
39:
34:
1529:Odonata of North America
997:Paulson, Dennis (2012).
329:. It also occurs in the
1549:Taxa named by Dru Drury
542:stable isotope analysis
526:(variegated meadowhawk)
1129:10.1098/rsbl.2019.0327
932:Hahn, Jeffrey (2009).
860:10.1098/rsbl.2018.0741
672:: e.T165081A65831504.
654:Paulson, D.R. (2018).
565:Mating, wheel position
1173:at Wikimedia Commons
704:"Common Green Darner"
1343:Fauna Europaea (new)
912:Animal Diversity Web
518:(spot-winged glider)
27:Species of dragonfly
962:www2.pugetsound.edu
523:Sympetrum corruptum
289:common green darner
56:Conservation status
641:2016-03-03 at the
510:(wandering glider)
507:Pantala flavescens
502:(black saddlebags)
463:Diet and predators
301:, is a species of
1501:
1500:
1486:Open Tree of Life
1182:Taxon identifiers
1167:Media related to
943:978-0-9792006-4-9
823:978-1-4027-4153-1
798:978-0-618-15310-7
773:978-0-19-972729-2
353:for the state of
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16:(Redirected from
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1439:NHMSYS0000344168
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964:. Archived from
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854:(12): 20180741.
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412:Libellula junius
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1524:Odonata of Asia
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1460:Observation.org
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1123:(7): 20190327.
1117:Biology Letters
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515:Pantala hymenea
499:Tramea lacerata
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458:Natural history
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439:Characteristics
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416:Anax spiniferus
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351:official insect
239:Anax spiniferus
231:Libellula junia
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1330:Fauna Europaea
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418:Rambur, 1842;
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305:in the family
299:darning needle
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247:Anax ocellatus
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425:
422:Hagen, 1867;
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71:Least Concern
61:
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35:Green darner
33:
30:
19:
1189:
1169:
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1120:
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1106:
1079:
1075:
1047:. Retrieved
1043:
1020:. Retrieved
1017:bugguide.net
1016:
1007:
998:
970:. Retrieved
966:the original
961:
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933:
927:
915:. Retrieved
911:
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743:. Retrieved
737:
734:Drury, 1773"
731:
724:
712:. Retrieved
707:
683:. Retrieved
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529:
521:
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505:
497:
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474:robber flies
466:
449:
442:
433:
430:Distribution
424:Anax severus
423:
419:
415:
411:
406:
379:, and small
366:
363:
349:. It is the
345:to mainland
293:
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288:
285:green darner
284:
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271:Anax severus
270:
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246:
242:Rambur, 1842
238:
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202:
186:
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173:
149:Infraorder:
29:
18:Green Darner
1421:NatureServe
1369:iNaturalist
1234:anax-junius
1220:Anax junius
1214:Wikispecies
1190:Anax junius
1170:Anax junius
1082:(1): 1–15.
906:Anax junius
732:Anax junius
658:Anax junius
636:Anax junius
533:Anax junius
321:south into
294:Anax junius
274:Hagen, 1867
255:Anex junius
250:Hagen, 1867
234:Drury, 1773
205:Anax junius
1508:Categories
1049:2021-10-26
1044:wiatri.net
1022:2021-10-26
972:2021-11-07
622:References
577:Egg-laying
393:mosquitoes
355:Washington
153:Anisoptera
123:Arthropoda
1519:Aeshnidae
613:Hovering
489:Migration
408:Dru Drury
331:Caribbean
307:Aeshnidae
303:dragonfly
181:Species:
163:Aeshnidae
109:Kingdom:
103:Eukaryota
1426:2.116554
1387:10478230
1265:BugGuide
1241:BioLib:
1199:Wikidata
1147:31266418
1098:15916175
878:30958242
639:Archived
403:Taxonomy
387:alates,
377:tadpoles
222:Synonyms
159:Family:
119:Phylum:
113:Animalia
99:Domain:
76:IUCN 3.1
1478:1489373
1361:5051741
1205:Q175808
1138:6684972
917:28 July
869:6303508
745:28 July
714:28 July
685:28 July
552:Gallery
480:Habitat
373:insects
357:in the
258:(Drury)
215:, 1773)
169:Genus:
143:Odonata
139:Order:
133:Insecta
129:Class:
74: (
1491:158666
1452:214820
1413:165081
1400:101598
1335:214315
1322:241278
1309:ANXXJU
1296:131866
1244:225823
1229:ARKive
1145:
1135:
1096:
940:
876:
866:
820:
795:
770:
710:. 2023
589:Female
469:Nymphs
395:, and
369:Nymphs
337:, and
335:Tahiti
327:Mexico
315:Panama
1465:20629
1382:IRMNG
1374:67731
1317:EUNIS
1283:66M6G
1257:19529
1094:S2CID
446:frons
397:flies
389:moths
347:China
343:Japan
341:from
323:Texas
213:Drury
1473:OBIS
1447:NCBI
1408:IUCN
1395:ITIS
1356:GBIF
1304:EPPO
1252:BOLD
1143:PMID
938:ISBN
919:2023
874:PMID
818:ISBN
793:ISBN
768:ISBN
747:2023
716:2023
687:2023
670:2018
381:fish
339:Asia
325:and
283:The
174:Anax
1434:NBN
1291:EoL
1278:CoL
1270:585
1133:PMC
1125:doi
1084:doi
864:PMC
856:doi
674:doi
385:ant
287:or
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1121:15
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1092:.
1080:17
1078:.
1074:.
1058:^
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852:14
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