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snake. The underparts are grey or yellowish and the tail has narrow longitudinal stripes. The young are a greyish colour and develop their full adult colouring by about their fourth year. This snake grows to a total length of about 150 cm (60 in). In the northeastern part of its range, in Sicily and southern Italy, most individuals are blackish in colour. There is a larger, up to two metres (6.5 ft) long, often pure black variant –
31:
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The green whip snake is a slender species with a small but well-defined head, prominent eyes with circular pupils, and smooth scales. The background colour is greenish-yellow but this is mostly obscured by heavy, somewhat irregular bands of dark green or black, particularly in the front half of the
367:
Commonly regarded as non-venomous, it is described that a subject who endured 'sustained biting' of up to 5 minutes began showing suspect symptoms, including problems with neuromotor skills. The presence of modified rear maxillary fangs in correspondence to a gland called the
358:
These snakes mainly feed on lizards, skinks, frogs, mice, as well as on the young and eggs of small birds. This species lays four to 15 eggs. They are very lively and when cornered, may bite furiously. They hibernate in winter.
410:
Vogrin, Milan; Corti, Claudia; PĂ©rez
Mellado, Valentin; Sá-Sousa, Paulo; Cheylan, Marc; Pleguezuelos, Juan M.; Meyer, Andreas; Schmidt, Benedikt; Sindaco, Roberto; Romano, Antonio; et al. (2016) .
196:
452:"Large scale phenotypic characterisation of Hierophis viridiflavus (Squamata: Serpentes): climatic and environmental drivers suggest the role of evolutionary processes in a polymorphic species"
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The green whip snake has a wide distribution and is very common within that range. The population is steady and faces no significant threats, apart from road kill and persecution, and the
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269:). The melanic form occurs in the eastern part of the range and the striped in the western part, with a contact zone throughout most of northern Italy.
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This species is present in
Andorra, Croatia, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, and possibly Luxembourg.
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Storniolo, Federico; Mangiacotti, Marco; Zuffi, Marco A. L.; Scali, Stefano; Sacchi, Roberto (1 June 2023).
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372:, similar to the venom gland and involved in the production of toxins, has recently been discovered.
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545:"Some seemingly harmless snakes possess a secret venomous gland"
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493:
Field Guide: Reptiles & Amphibians of
Britain & Europe
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Green Whip Snake (Hierophis viridiflavus), Lorraine, France
261:
Currently two subspecies are distinguished, a melanic (
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346:has assessed its conservation status as being of "
491:Arnold, E. Nicholas; Ovenden, Denys W. (2002).
344:International Union for Conservation of Nature
8:
436:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2009.RLTS.T61449A12487580.en
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29:
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826:Taxa named by Bernard Germain de Lacépède
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289:, Mediterranean-type shrubby vegetation,
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322:(Bonaparte, 1833) – found in Italy and
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326:. referred to there as 'Il Biacco'.
806:IUCN Red List least concern species
422:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
14:
495:. Collins & Co. p. 207.
320:Coluber viridiflavus carbonarius
73:
520:"SNAKES OF THE MALTESE ISLANDS"
254:Geographic range and subspecies
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842:
816:Reptiles described in 1789
469:10.1007/s10682-023-10234-8
382:List of reptiles of Italy
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70:Scientific classification
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603:Hierophis viridiflavus
573:Hierophis viridiflavus
415:Hierophis viridiflavus
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265:) and a striped form (
239:Hierophis viridiflavus
189:Hierophis viridiflavus
429:: e.T61449A86246670.
332:
312:
297:, rural gardens, and
219:Hierophis gyarosensis
549:Smithsonisn Magazine
456:Evolutionary Ecology
313:Close-up of the head
171:H. viridiflavus
543:(18 October 2013).
214:Coluber gyarosensis
40:Conservation status
821:Reptiles of Europe
363:Venom and toxicity
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267:H. v. viridiflavus
242:) is a species of
234:western whip snake
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792:
755:Open Tree of Life
565:Taxon identifiers
263:H. v. carbonarius
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24:Green whip snake
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370:Duvernoy's gland
230:green whip snake
221:(Mertens, 1968)
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16:Species of snake
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773:viridiflavus
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523:. Retrieved
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285:, temperate
277:Its natural
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664:iNaturalist
597:Wikispecies
305:Description
299:urban areas
295:plantations
291:arable land
800:Categories
388:References
248:Colubridae
147:Colubridae
133:Suborder:
811:Hierophis
478:1573-8477
287:shrubland
165:Species:
158:Hierophis
137:Serpentes
93:Kingdom:
87:Eukaryota
682:11073646
582:Wikidata
376:See also
279:habitats
206:Synonyms
197:Lacépède
143:Family:
127:Squamata
117:Reptilia
107:Chordata
103:Phylum:
97:Animalia
83:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
783:8046036
760:1053207
708:1081699
656:2458916
588:Q844254
354:Biology
283:forests
273:Habitat
199:, 1789)
153:Genus:
123:Order:
113:Class:
58: (
780:uBio:
734:166085
695:114813
643:214730
630:316296
525:29 May
499:
476:
338:Status
747:79456
721:61449
677:IRMNG
669:73823
625:EUNIS
617:3LVTR
324:Malta
244:snake
729:NCBI
716:IUCN
703:ITIS
651:GBIF
527:2018
497:ISBN
474:ISSN
427:2009
228:The
690:ISC
612:CoL
464:doi
431:doi
350:".
232:or
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768:RD
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511:^
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396:^
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236:(
195:(
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
