380:. An admixture graph of the Greenland dog indicates a best-fit of 3.5% shared material, however an ancestry proportion ranging between 1.4% and 27.3% is consistent with the data. This indicates admixture between the Taymyr wolf population and the ancestral dog population of these 4 high-latitude breeds. This introgression could have provided early dogs living in high latitudes with phenotypic variation beneficial for adaption to a new and challenging environment. It also indicates the ancestry of present-day dog breeds descends from more than one region.
303:
319:
467:
338:) and Greenland (Greenland Dog) descended from dogs associated with Thule people, who relied on them for transportation from Siberia. In 2015, a study using a number of genetic markers indicated that these were both the same dog and should not be treated as separate breeds, that they maintain an indigenous heritage that predates colonization and the timing corresponds with the arrival of the Thule people, and that they were distinct from Siberian Huskies, Alaskan Huskies and Malamutes. The maternal
411:
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430:. It has strong, muscular, short-haired legs. The tail is usually rolled along/across its back. When it lies down and curls up to rest, the tail often covers the nose. Its coat is of medium length and consists of two layers. The inner layer consists of short wool-like fur, the outer layer of longer, coarser, water-repellent fur. The Greenland Dog comes in all colors, from black to fawn (excluding albino dogs and merle patterning). Blue eyes and
458:
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40:
883:
D.; Pavlova, Elena Y.; Nikolskiy, Pavel A.; Kasparov, Aleksei K.; Ivanova, Varvara V.; Willerslev, Eske; Skoglund, Pontus; Fredholm, Merete; Wennerberg, Sanne Eline; Heide-JÞrgensen, Mads Peter; Dietz, Rune; Sonne, Christian; Meldgaard, Morten; Dalén, Love; Larson, Greger; Petersen, Bent; et al. (2020).
882:
Sinding, Mikkel-Holger S.; Gopalakrishnan, Shyam; Ramos-Madrigal, JazmĂn; De Manuel, Marc; Pitulko, Vladimir V.; Kuderna, Lukas; Feuerborn, Tatiana R.; Frantz, Laurent A. F.; Vieira, Filipe G.; Niemann, Jonas; Samaniego
Castruita, Jose A.; CarĂže, Christian; Andersen-Ranberg, Emilie U.; Jordan, Peter
789:
Freedman, A. H.; Gronau, I.; Schweizer, R. M.; Ortega-Del
Vecchyo, D.; Han, E.; Silva, P. M.; Galaverni, M.; Fan, Z.; Marx, P.; Lorente-Galdos, B.; Beale, H.; Ramirez, O.; Hormozdiari, F.; Alkan, C.; VilĂ , C.; Squire, K.; Geffen, E.; Kusak, J.; Boyko, A. R.; Parker, H. G.; Lee, C.; Tadigotla, V.;
616:
493:, Greenland Dogs are able to traverse very difficult terrain with ease and with a high tempo. As working dogs they are especially valued for their physical strength and endurance, with a tireless and bold mentality.
249:
15,000 in
Greenland as of 2016), a number of projects have been initiated in an attempt of ensuring that Greenland's dog sledding culture, knowledge and use, along with the breed itself, are not lost.
222:. The Canadian Eskimo Dog is considered the same breed as the Greenland Dog since they have not yet diverged enough genetically to be considered separate breeds, despite their geographic isolation.
282:
in the Arctic regions for centuries and consequently they have developed a powerful body and heavy coats, with a natural capacity for load pulling and endurance in a harsh working environment.
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A characteristic of most
Greenland Dogs is the "Ășlo", a triangular shaped area on the shoulders. It is named after a common woman's-knife from Greenland which is of the same shape.
620:
245:
and registered in the
Greenland dog database. In the southwest, such restrictions are not in place and the purity of dogs is not monitored. As the population has been falling (
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A31 that indicates a common female ancestor, and this haplotype could not be found in other modern dogs but the nearest match was with a 1,000 year-old dog from
Florida.
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148:
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The
Greenland Dog is a powerful, heavy-built dog. It has a broad, wedge-shaped head, slightly tilted eyes and small, triangular ears covered with thick
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294:. The men started with more dogs than they technically needed to pull the sledges, killing them along the way to use as food for dogs and men.
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In 2020, a genetic study found that
Greenland sled dogs have been kept isolated from other breeds since their arrival in Greenland with the
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by Darcy F. Morey and Kim Aaris-SĂžrensen. Arctic Vol. 55, No. 1 (Mar., 2002), pp. 44-56. Published by: Arctic
Institute of North America.
287:
790:
Siepel, A.; Bustamante, C. D.; Harkins, T. T.; Nelson, S. F.; Ostrander, E. A.; Marques-Bonet, T.; Wayne, R. K.; Novembre, J. (2014).
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1,000 years ago, both originating from
Siberia. Dogs first appeared in Greenland around 4,000 years ago. The Inuit dogs from Canada (
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850 years ago. Their lineage traces more genomic history than other arctic-breeds to their ancestor's remains which were found on
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The first dogs arrived in the Americas 12,000 years ago. However, people and their dogs did not settle in the Arctic until the
718:"Using multiple markers to elucidate the ancient, historical and modern relationships among North American Arctic dog breeds"
553:. Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Department of Animal Science and Animal Health, Division of Animal Genetics.
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Greenland sled dogs only work during the winter, gathering strength during the summer period of inactivity (summer in
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scraps. Puppies in Greenland run free until they reach adulthood. They are subsequently chained and trained for work.
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843:"Ancient Wolf Genome Reveals an Early Divergence of Domestic Dog Ancestors and Admixture into High-Latitude Breeds"
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by Sinding, Mikkel Holger Strander (in Danish). Tidsskriftet GrĂžnland, 2015, Vol 63, Issue 4, p. 188-191.
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and Greenland Dog that are also associated with Arctic human populations, and to a lesser extent the
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Population genetic analysis of the Greenland dog and Canadian inuit dog : is it the same breed?
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and the entirety of eastern Greenland, it is illegal to import any dog from outside (except for
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An Esquimaux bitch was exhibited at one of the earliest dog shows held in Darlington,
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360:. However, several Arctic dog breeds show a genetic closeness with the now-extinct
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597:. Kalaalit Nunaata Radioa (Greenlandic Broadcasting Corporation). 22 December 2019
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and efforts are made to safeguard its purity. In western Greenland north of the
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Males are significantly larger than females at 60cm (23.6in) and up at the
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are not permitted, and are considered disqualifications based on standard.
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619:. Naalakkersuisut (Government of Greenland). 5 June 2017. Archived from
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due to admixture. These breeds are associated with high latitudes â the
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643:"Antallet af grĂžnlandske slĂŠdehunde er halveret: Her er redningsplanen"
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Today, the breed is considered nationally and culturally important to
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885:"Arctic-adapted dogs emerged at the PleistoceneâHolocene transition"
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792:"Genome Sequencing Highlights the Dynamic Early History of Dogs"
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391:, arctic northeastern Siberia and dated to be 9,500 years old.
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Skoglund, P.; Ersmark, E.; Palkopoulou, E.; Dalén, L. (2015).
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with a special permit), and since 2017 all dogs have to be
716:
Brown, S K; Darwent, C M; Wictum, E J; Sacks, B N (2015).
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All colors from fawn to black (excluding albino and merle)
617:"VeterinĂŠr- og FĂždevaremyndigheden i GrĂžnland informerer"
214:. They were brought from Siberia to North America by the
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published on 6 August 1875. They were recognized by the
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National Geographic gallery of the breed in Greenland
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286:later used Greenland dogs to great success on his
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352:Nearly all dog breed's genetic closeness to the
290:, where he became the first person to reach the
396:Origin of the domestic dog § Arctic breeds
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595:"DyrlĂŠge: Det har vi lĂŠrt af slĂŠdehundesagen"
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261:on 29 July 1875, which was reported in the
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765:Paleoeskimo Dogs of the Eastern Arctic
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345:of the Inuit dogs were classified as
149:Fédération Cynologique Internationale
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444:; females are 55cm (21.7in) and up.
330:people 4,500 years ago and then the
1651:Dog breeds originating in Greenland
684:. London: Haus. pp. 184â185.
102:21.6 inches (55 cm) (minimum)
92:23.6 inches (60 cm) (minimum)
25:
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288:1912 expedition to the Antarctic
218:1,000 years ago, along with the
547:Hanne, Friis Andersen (2005).
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278:The Greenland dog has been a
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809:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004016
645:. Videnskab.dk. 25 July 2017
678:Langner, Rainer-K. (2007).
275:at its foundation in 1880.
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322:Puppy of Greenland dog
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199:) is a large breed of
1214:Mackenzie River husky
479:on left; winter near
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394:Further information:
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131:Kennel club standards
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1390:Nenets Herding Laika
1370:Cardigan Welsh Corgi
1322:Russo-European Laika
1292:Karelo-Finnish Laika
573:"Hold af slĂŠdehunde"
1581:Argentine polar dog
1514:American Eskimo Dog
1347:West Siberian Laika
1312:Norwegian Lundehund
1257:East Siberian Laika
1184:Canadian Eskimo Dog
901:2020Sci...368.1495S
895:(6498): 1495â1499.
734:10.1038/hdy.2015.49
518:Canadian Eskimo Dog
489:As is common among
336:Canadian Eskimo Dog
220:Canadian Eskimo Dog
1548:Northern Inuit Dog
1380:Icelandic Sheepdog
1307:Norwegian Elkhound
1267:HĂ€llefors Elkhound
1209:Kamchatka Sled Dog
1063:Old Danish Pointer
988:2007-11-12 at the
508:List of dog breeds
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263:Live Stock Journal
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1491:Thai Bangkaew Dog
1451:Hmong bobtail dog
1287:Karelian Bear Dog
1194:Chukotka sled dog
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691:978-1-905791-08-8
623:on 3 January 2022
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189:Kalaallit Qimmiat
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137:Dansk Kennel Club
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110:Thick double coat
16:(Redirected from
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1563:Volpino Italiano
1509:Alaskan Klee Kai
1410:Swedish Vallhund
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503:Dogs portal
401:Description
362:Taimyr wolf
273:Kennel Club
185:Greenlandic
51:Other names
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1586:Guejae Gae
1553:Schipperke
1540:Pomeranian
1481:Ryukyu dog
1431:BáșŻc HĂ dog
1342:Taiwan Dog
1157:Spitz-type
965:2021-10-12
960:www.fci.be
534:References
406:Appearance
366:North Asia
356:is due to
292:South Pole
210:kept as a
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212:sled dog
154:standard
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1277:Jindo
931:S2CID
385:Inuit
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115:Color
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696:OCLC
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