813:
801:
60:
562:
494:
777:
765:
789:
694:
384:
44:
67:
648:. By 1538, Grosmont Castle had fallen into disuse and then into ruin; a 1563 survey notes that its bridge had collapsed and that, although the outer walls were intact, the interior was in decay and its building materials inside had either been removed or were rotten. A 1613 description noted that it was "ruynous and decayed".
744:
room separated by a wooden divide; the hall had a fireplace in the middle of its exterior wall, with two large windows on either side. The ground floor had two service rooms lit by narrow loop windows. An external wooden staircase would have led up directly into the main hall from the inner ward. The
676:
in 1909, stating that
Grosmont was exceptionally well looked after. The castle was placed into the care of the state in 1922 by Frances Lucas-Scudamore, and conservation work was carried out, including clearing the basement of the north block of debris. In the 21st century, Grosmont Castle is managed
724:
pit, but only limited parts of it now survive. The south-west tower was converted into a three-storey suite of rooms in the 14th century; its basement was filled in. The three-storey west tower was also altered during the 14th century, and the basement filled in. The north block is primarily a
549:
to its defences. The result was secure, high-status accommodation. Hubert fell from power in 1232 and was stripped of the castles, which were placed under the command of
Walerund Teutonicus, a royal servant. King Henry led an army into Wales in 1233 against the rebellious
572:
Hubert was reconciled with the King in 1234 and the castles were returned to him, only for him to fall out with King Henry III again in 1239: Grosmont was taken back and put under the command of
Walerund. Walerund completed some of Hubert's work, including building a new
717:, a hall and a north accommodation block, the whole being protected by a ditch. Originally other timber buildings would have been raised against the outer stone wall as accommodation for the castle's servants, but only limited traces of these survive.
484:
in 1182. In response, the Crown readied
Grosmont to face a potential Welsh attack. Over the next three years, £15 was spent on the castle under the supervision of Ralph of Grosmont, a royal official, probably for works on the timber fortifications.
558:, and his Welsh allies, and camped outside Grosmont Castle that November. Richard carried out a night attack on their encampment and, while not taking the castle itself, forced the rest of the King's army to flee in confusion.
812:
513:
while still a prince, and went on to become an increasingly powerful royal official once King John inherited the throne. Hubert began to upgrade his new castles, starting with
Grosmont, where he rebuilt the
1554:
673:
522:, one of Hubert's rivals. King John subsequently fell out with William and dispossessed him of his lands in 1207, but de Braose's son, also called William, took the opportunity of the chaos during the
701:
Grosmont Castle overlooks the village of the same name, and in its current form dates mostly from the work carried out by Hubert de Burgh with later 14th-century additions. It originally comprised an
858:
Comparison of medieval financial figures with modern equivalents is notoriously challenging. For comparison, the average annual income of a baron during this period was around £200.
709:, but the latter has been encroached upon by local gardens. The outer ward would have held a rectangular storehouse or stable. The inner ward forms a stone castle with a
1632:
426:
around this time to protect the route from Wales to
Hereford, possibly by the earl himself. The first castle on the site was built from earth and timber, with a
1637:
729:. It comprises three distinct buildings, the largest being a three-storey residential tower. The block has a distinctive octagonal chimney with a carved top.
629:
was maintained around the castle. The historian Jeremy Knight describes the castle at this time as forming "a small but very comfortable residence".
614:
359:
90:
59:
637:
519:
518:
block in stone. Hubert was captured fighting the French in 1205 and, while he was imprisoned, King John took back the castles and gave them to
419:. The Normans used castles extensively to subdue the Welsh, establish new settlements and exert their claims of lordship over the territories.
366:. By the 16th century it had fallen into disuse and ruin. The castle was placed into the care of the state in 1922, and is now managed by the
1507:
1485:
1466:
1447:
551:
337:
829:
665:
657:
1284:
944:
839:
1601:
625:, the interior of the castle was modernised in the first half of the 14th century to create a suite of high quality apartments. A
605:
of the royal forces in Wales, was given the Three
Castles in 1267 and for many centuries they were held by the earldom, and later
312:, in 1201. During the course of the next few decades it passed back and forth between several owners, including Hubert, the rival
1254:
566:
211:
589:
Gilbert Talbot, Grosmont was ordered to be garrisoned "by every man, and at whatever cost". The threat passed without incident.
800:
776:
1642:
285:, it was originally an earthwork design with timber defences. In 1135, a major Welsh revolt took place, and in response King
457:
restructured the landholdings along this section of the
Marches, bringing Grosmont Castle and its sister fortifications of
1613:
641:
618:
325:
764:
697:
Plan of the castle: A – north block; B – hall block; C – inner ward; D – gatehouse; E – ditch; F – site of outer bailey
1279:
939:
234:
736:-buttressed, two-storey building, 96 by 32 feet (29.3 by 9.8 m) across, with the floors originally linked by a
480:
and de
Mortimer Marcher families attacked their Welsh rivals during the 1170s, leading to a Welsh assault on nearby
392:
270:
720:
The gatehouse was originally a two-storey, rectangular tower with 14th-century additions, including a buttressed
577:. In 1254, Grosmont Castle and her sister fortifications were granted to King Henry's eldest son and later king,
438:
and a ditch. The
Normans established a borough alongside the castle, which later became the village of Grosmont.
788:
834:
183:
640:
near Grosmont in 1404, leading to an English victory. The castle was besieged the next year by Owain's son,
258:
30:
561:
493:
400:
362:
in 1282 removed much of Grosmont Castle's military utility, although it was besieged in 1405 during the
725:
14th-century addition to the castle, built over the remains of one of the circular towers and the old
1559:
Minutes of Evidence Given Before the Royal Commission on Ancient Monuments in Wales and Monmouthshire
582:
538:
523:
510:
462:
294:
336:. In 1233, a royal army camped outside the castle was attacked by rebel forces under the command of
746:
626:
610:
473:
404:
355:
301:", which continued to play a role in defending the region from Welsh attack for several centuries.
278:
645:
606:
481:
454:
349:
348:, gained possession of the castle in 1267, and it remained in the hands of the earldom and later
286:
223:
1236:
693:
1562:
1542:
1525:
1503:
1481:
1462:
1443:
622:
596:
592:
442:
363:
345:
341:
187:
173:
441:
The earl's landholdings in the region were slowly broken up after William fitz Osbern's son,
737:
661:
633:
555:
458:
408:
290:
282:
1617:
1605:
682:
506:
502:
477:
313:
309:
305:
199:
541:. He resumed his work at Grosmont, rebuilding the timber walls in stone and adding three
1598:
1517:
669:
581:. The Welsh threat persisted, and in 1262 the castle was readied in response to Prince
383:
1626:
1495:
601:
466:
450:
396:
298:
262:
529:
Once released from captivity, Hubert regained his grip on power, becoming the royal
449:
in 1075. By the early 12th century, Grosmont was owned by the Anglo-Norman nobleman
1574:
741:
726:
534:
423:
1459:
Lords of the Central Marches: English Aristocracy and Frontier Society, 1087–1265
1440:
Domination and Conquest: The Experience of Ireland, Scotland and Wales, 1100–1300
1610:
1435:
714:
542:
333:
721:
706:
702:
43:
1566:
1062:
105:
92:
1546:
1529:
710:
586:
546:
530:
446:
329:
317:
636:
at the start of the 15th century. There was a battle between the Welsh and
472:
Conflict with the Welsh continued, and following a period of détente under
537:, before finally recovering the Three Castles in 1219 during the reign of
733:
578:
435:
416:
412:
274:
1500:
The Medieval Castle in England and Wales: A Social and Political History
617:
in 1282 removed much of Grosmont's military utility, but, under either
1577:(1961). "White Castle in the Thirteenth Century: A Re-Consideration".
269:. The fortification was established by the Normans in the wake of the
1237:
Royal Commission on Ancient Monuments in Wales and Monmouthshire 1912
750:
574:
465:
back under the control of the Crown to form a lordship known as the "
254:
125:
509:. Hubert was a minor landowner who had become King John's household
395:
in 1066. Shortly after the invasion, the Normans pushed up into the
289:
brought together Grosmont Castle and its sister fortifications of
1478:
The Three Castles: Grosmont Castle, Skenfrith Castle, White Castle
692:
560:
492:
431:
411:. The new Earl then added to his estate by capturing the towns of
382:
266:
34:
644:, but the castle was relieved by an English force sent by Prince
453:. In 1135, a major Welsh revolt took place, and in response King
1555:
Royal Commission on Ancient Monuments in Wales and Monmouthshire
1275:
935:
678:
674:
Royal Commission on Ancient Monuments in Wales and Monmouthshire
515:
427:
367:
321:
140:
1375:
1373:
672:, a soldier and local historian. Evidence was given to the
320:. Hubert rebuilt the castle in stone, beginning with a new
1074:
1072:
632:
The castle's final military role was during the revolt of
1063:"Burgh, Hubert de, earl of Kent (c.1170–1243), justiciar"
740:. The first floor of the block contained the hall and a
745:
block would have closely resembled de Burgh's hall at
422:
Grosmont was one of three fortifications built in the
324:
and then, on regaining the property in 1219, adding a
656:
In 1825, the Three Castles estates were sold off to
585:'s attack on Abergavenny in 1262; commanded by its
230:
221:
207:
197:
193:
179:
169:
164:
156:
146:
136:
131:
121:
84:
23:
1561:. London, UK: His Majesty's Stationery Office.
1541:. London, UK: Her Majesty's Stationery Office.
1524:. London, UK: Her Majesty's Stationery Office.
1121:
1119:
1117:
1115:
308:gave the castle to a powerful royal official,
1502:. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
1442:. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
1052:
1050:
8:
1220:
1218:
1205:
1203:
1190:
1188:
1186:
1157:
1155:
1153:
1151:
1149:
1136:
1134:
668:, the 9th Duke, sold Grosmont Castle to Sir
273:in 1066, to protect the route from Wales to
1037:
1035:
967:
965:
963:
961:
681:and is protected under UK law as a grade I
1065:(Online ed.), Oxford University Press
1010:
1008:
914:
912:
910:
20:
387:Ditch, modern bridge and ruined gatehouse
48:Grosmont Castle, seen from the north-west
818:14th-century chimney in the north block.
391:Grosmont Castle was built following the
1633:Grade I listed castles in Monmouthshire
1480:(revised ed.). Cardiff, UK: Cadw.
1461:. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
1383:
1078:
983:
870:
851:
760:
638:Richard Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick
220:
66:
1419:
1407:
1395:
1379:
1364:
1352:
1340:
1328:
1316:
1304:
1248:
1224:
1209:
1194:
1177:
1173:
1161:
1140:
1125:
1106:
1094:
1082:
1056:
1041:
1026:
1014:
999:
995:
971:
930:
918:
901:
889:
877:
229:
206:
196:
7:
1638:Scheduled monuments in Monmouthshire
830:Castles in Great Britain and Ireland
565:Depiction of the castle in 1823, by
16:Castle ruins in Monmouthshire, Wales
677:by the Welsh heritage organisation
505:gave the "Three Castles" title to
497:The hall, seen from the south-east
14:
1285:National Historic Assets of Wales
945:National Historic Assets of Wales
297:to form a lordship known as the "
811:
799:
787:
775:
763:
65:
58:
42:
782:entrance to south-west tower...
1537:Radford, C. A. Ralegh (1962).
1:
1496:Pounds, Norman John Greville
1611:Grosmont Castle on NetWales
1539:White Castle, Monmouthshire
1476:Knight, Jeremy K. (2009) .
277:. Possibly commissioned by
1659:
1257:, British Listed Buildings
393:Norman conquest of England
1604:20 September 2017 at the
1457:Holden, Brock W. (2008).
1280:"Grosmont Castle (MM007)"
940:"Grosmont Castle (MM007)"
244:
240:
217:
53:
41:
28:
1616:25 February 2019 at the
835:List of castles in Wales
184:Norman invasion of Wales
1522:Grosmont, Monmouthshire
1255:"Grosmont Castle Ruins"
770:Interior of west tower;
526:to retake the castles.
370:Welsh heritage agency.
31:Grosmont, Monmouthshire
698:
569:
498:
388:
106:51.915278°N 2.865833°W
1643:Castle ruins in Wales
1518:Radford, C. A. Ralegh
696:
609:, of Lancaster. King
564:
496:
401:William the Conqueror
386:
1579:Medieval Archaeology
1061:West, F. J. (2008),
732:The hall block is a
583:Llywelyn ap Gruffudd
111:51.915278; -2.865833
1599:Cadw visitor's page
1251:, pp. 15, 23;
747:Christchurch Castle
652:18th–21st centuries
533:and being made the
489:13th–17th centuries
445:, rebelled against
405:William fitz Osbern
379:11th–12th centuries
279:William fitz Osbern
271:invasion of England
102: /
1382:, pp. 18–19;
840:Three Castles Walk
757:Interior of castle
699:
619:Henry of Lancaster
570:
499:
482:Abergavenny Castle
476:in the 1160s, the
389:
350:Duchy of Lancaster
257:in the village of
231:Reference no.
224:Scheduled monument
208:Reference no.
137:Controlled by
1509:978-0-521-45828-3
1487:978-1-85760-266-1
1468:978-0-19-954857-6
1449:978-0-52102-977-3
623:Henry of Grosmont
615:conquest of Wales
597:Earl of Lancaster
567:Theodore Fielding
524:First Barons' War
520:William de Braose
443:Roger de Breteuil
360:conquest of Wales
346:Earl of Lancaster
248:
247:
174:Old Red Sandstone
1650:
1586:
1570:
1550:
1533:
1513:
1491:
1472:
1453:
1423:
1417:
1411:
1405:
1399:
1398:, pp. 18–19
1393:
1387:
1377:
1368:
1367:, pp. 23–24
1362:
1356:
1350:
1344:
1338:
1332:
1326:
1320:
1314:
1308:
1302:
1296:
1295:
1294:
1292:
1272:
1266:
1265:
1264:
1262:
1246:
1240:
1239:, pp. 60–61
1234:
1228:
1222:
1213:
1207:
1198:
1192:
1181:
1171:
1165:
1159:
1144:
1138:
1129:
1128:, pp. 10–11
1123:
1110:
1104:
1098:
1092:
1086:
1076:
1067:
1066:
1054:
1045:
1039:
1030:
1024:
1018:
1012:
1003:
993:
987:
981:
975:
969:
956:
955:
954:
952:
928:
922:
916:
905:
904:, pp. 41–44
899:
893:
887:
881:
875:
859:
856:
815:
803:
794:...and interior;
791:
779:
767:
738:spiral staircase
662:Duke of Beaufort
556:Earl of Pembroke
409:Earl of Hereford
314:de Braose family
283:Earl of Hereford
132:Site information
117:
116:
114:
113:
112:
107:
103:
100:
99:
98:
95:
69:
68:
62:
46:
37:
21:
1658:
1657:
1653:
1652:
1651:
1649:
1648:
1647:
1623:
1622:
1618:Wayback Machine
1606:Wayback Machine
1593:
1573:
1553:
1536:
1516:
1510:
1494:
1488:
1475:
1469:
1456:
1450:
1434:
1431:
1426:
1418:
1414:
1406:
1402:
1394:
1390:
1378:
1371:
1363:
1359:
1351:
1347:
1339:
1335:
1327:
1323:
1315:
1311:
1303:
1299:
1290:
1288:
1274:
1273:
1269:
1260:
1258:
1252:
1247:
1243:
1235:
1231:
1223:
1216:
1208:
1201:
1193:
1184:
1172:
1168:
1160:
1147:
1139:
1132:
1124:
1113:
1105:
1101:
1093:
1089:
1077:
1070:
1060:
1055:
1048:
1040:
1033:
1025:
1021:
1013:
1006:
994:
990:
982:
978:
970:
959:
950:
948:
934:
929:
925:
917:
908:
900:
896:
888:
884:
876:
872:
868:
863:
862:
857:
853:
848:
826:
819:
816:
807:
804:
795:
792:
783:
780:
771:
768:
759:
713:, two circular
691:
683:listed building
654:
552:Richard Marshal
507:Hubert de Burgh
491:
434:protected by a
381:
376:
338:Richard Marshal
310:Hubert de Burgh
251:Grosmont Castle
226:
203:
200:Listed Building
186:
149:the public
148:
110:
108:
104:
101:
96:
93:
91:
89:
88:
80:
79:
78:
77:
76:
75:
74:
73:Grosmont Castle
70:
49:
29:
24:Grosmont Castle
17:
12:
11:
5:
1656:
1654:
1646:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1625:
1624:
1621:
1620:
1608:
1592:
1591:External links
1589:
1588:
1587:
1571:
1551:
1534:
1514:
1508:
1492:
1486:
1473:
1467:
1454:
1448:
1430:
1427:
1425:
1424:
1412:
1400:
1388:
1369:
1357:
1345:
1333:
1321:
1309:
1297:
1267:
1241:
1229:
1214:
1199:
1182:
1176:, p. 12;
1166:
1145:
1130:
1111:
1109:, pp. 8–9
1099:
1087:
1068:
1046:
1031:
1019:
1004:
988:
976:
957:
933:, p. 17;
923:
906:
894:
882:
880:, pp. 3–4
869:
867:
864:
861:
860:
850:
849:
847:
844:
843:
842:
837:
832:
825:
822:
821:
820:
817:
810:
808:
805:
798:
796:
793:
786:
784:
781:
774:
772:
769:
762:
758:
755:
690:
687:
670:Joseph Bradney
666:Henry Somerset
658:Henry Somerset
653:
650:
501:In 1201, King
490:
487:
380:
377:
375:
372:
364:Glyndŵr Rising
246:
245:
242:
241:
238:
237:
232:
228:
227:
222:
219:
218:
215:
214:
209:
205:
204:
198:
195:
194:
191:
190:
188:Glyndŵr Rising
181:
177:
176:
171:
167:
166:
162:
161:
158:
154:
153:
150:
144:
143:
138:
134:
133:
129:
128:
123:
119:
118:
86:
82:
81:
72:
71:
64:
63:
57:
56:
55:
54:
51:
50:
47:
39:
38:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1655:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1630:
1628:
1619:
1615:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1603:
1600:
1597:
1596:
1595:
1590:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1575:Taylor, A. J.
1572:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1483:
1479:
1474:
1470:
1464:
1460:
1455:
1451:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1436:Davies, R. R.
1433:
1432:
1428:
1421:
1416:
1413:
1409:
1404:
1401:
1397:
1392:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1376:
1374:
1370:
1366:
1361:
1358:
1354:
1349:
1346:
1342:
1337:
1334:
1330:
1325:
1322:
1318:
1313:
1310:
1306:
1301:
1298:
1287:
1286:
1281:
1277:
1271:
1268:
1256:
1250:
1245:
1242:
1238:
1233:
1230:
1226:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1206:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1191:
1189:
1187:
1183:
1180:, p. 174
1179:
1175:
1170:
1167:
1163:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1137:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1122:
1120:
1118:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1103:
1100:
1096:
1091:
1088:
1084:
1081:, p. 4;
1080:
1075:
1073:
1069:
1064:
1059:, p. 7;
1058:
1053:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1038:
1036:
1032:
1029:, p. 147
1028:
1023:
1020:
1016:
1011:
1009:
1005:
1002:, p. 143
1001:
998:, p. 5;
997:
992:
989:
985:
980:
977:
973:
968:
966:
964:
962:
958:
947:
946:
941:
937:
932:
927:
924:
920:
915:
913:
911:
907:
903:
898:
895:
891:
886:
883:
879:
874:
871:
865:
855:
852:
845:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
827:
823:
814:
809:
802:
797:
790:
785:
778:
773:
766:
761:
756:
754:
752:
748:
743:
739:
735:
730:
728:
723:
718:
716:
712:
708:
704:
695:
688:
686:
684:
680:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
651:
649:
647:
643:
639:
635:
634:Owain Glyndŵr
630:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
604:
603:
598:
594:
590:
588:
584:
580:
576:
568:
563:
559:
557:
553:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
527:
525:
521:
517:
512:
508:
504:
495:
488:
486:
483:
479:
475:
470:
468:
467:Three Castles
464:
460:
456:
452:
451:Pain fitzJohn
448:
444:
439:
437:
433:
429:
425:
424:Monnow valley
420:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
397:Welsh Marches
394:
385:
378:
373:
371:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
302:
300:
299:Three Castles
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
263:Monmouthshire
260:
256:
252:
243:
239:
236:
233:
225:
216:
213:
210:
201:
192:
189:
185:
182:
178:
175:
172:
168:
163:
159:
155:
151:
145:
142:
139:
135:
130:
127:
124:
120:
115:
87:
83:
61:
52:
45:
40:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
1594:
1582:
1578:
1558:
1538:
1521:
1499:
1477:
1458:
1439:
1429:Bibliography
1422:, p. 19
1415:
1410:, p. 18
1403:
1391:
1384:Radford 1958
1360:
1355:, p. 23
1348:
1343:, p. 22
1336:
1331:, p. 21
1324:
1319:, p. 20
1312:
1307:, p. 24
1300:
1289:, retrieved
1283:
1270:
1259:, retrieved
1244:
1232:
1227:, p. 15
1212:, p. 14
1197:, p. 13
1169:
1164:, p. 11
1143:, p. 10
1102:
1090:
1079:Radford 1962
1022:
991:
984:Radford 1958
979:
974:, p. 17
949:, retrieved
943:
926:
897:
885:
873:
854:
731:
727:postern gate
719:
715:mural towers
700:
689:Architecture
655:
631:
600:
591:
571:
543:mural towers
535:Earl of Kent
528:
500:
471:
463:White Castle
440:
421:
390:
354:
352:until 1825.
334:mural towers
326:curtain wall
303:
295:White Castle
253:is a ruined
250:
249:
165:Site history
147:Open to
18:
1420:Knight 2009
1408:Knight 2009
1396:Knight 2009
1386:, p. 2
1380:Knight 2009
1365:Knight 2009
1353:Knight 2009
1341:Knight 2009
1329:Knight 2009
1317:Knight 2009
1305:Knight 2009
1249:Knight 2009
1225:Knight 2009
1210:Knight 2009
1195:Knight 2009
1178:Taylor 1961
1174:Knight 2009
1162:Knight 2009
1141:Knight 2009
1126:Knight 2009
1107:Knight 2009
1097:, p. 9
1095:Knight 2009
1085:, p. 7
1083:Knight 2009
1057:Knight 2009
1044:, p. 7
1042:Knight 2009
1027:Pounds 1994
1017:, p. 5
1015:Knight 2009
1000:Holden 2008
996:Knight 2009
986:, p. 1
972:Knight 2009
931:Knight 2009
921:, p. 4
919:Knight 2009
902:Davies 2006
892:, p. 3
890:Knight 2009
878:Knight 2009
806:hall range;
664:. In 1902,
621:or his son
511:chamberlain
109: /
85:Coordinates
1627:Categories
1585:: 169–175.
1291:22 October
1261:28 October
951:22 October
866:References
722:drawbridge
707:outer ward
660:, the 6th
602:capitaneus
94:51°54′55″N
1567:757802640
1520:(1958) .
1438:(2006) .
711:gatehouse
627:deer park
587:constable
547:gatehouse
539:Henry III
531:justiciar
478:de Braose
459:Skenfrith
447:the Crown
330:gatehouse
318:the Crown
291:Skenfrith
202:– Grade I
170:Materials
157:Condition
97:2°51′57″W
1614:Archived
1602:Archived
1557:(1912).
1547:30258313
1530:43056508
1498:(1994).
824:See also
734:pilaster
642:Gruffudd
611:Edward I
599:and the
474:Henry II
436:palisade
417:Chepstow
413:Monmouth
356:Edward I
275:Hereford
259:Grosmont
705:and an
455:Stephen
374:History
287:Stephen
1565:
1545:
1528:
1506:
1484:
1465:
1446:
1253:Cadw,
751:Dorset
595:, the
593:Edmund
579:Edward
575:chapel
554:, the
545:and a
430:and a
399:, and
344:, the
342:Edmund
316:, and
281:, the
255:castle
180:Events
160:Ruined
126:Castle
846:Notes
742:solar
703:inner
646:Henry
607:duchy
432:motte
403:made
304:King
267:Wales
235:MM007
35:Wales
1563:OCLC
1543:OCLC
1526:OCLC
1504:ISBN
1482:ISBN
1463:ISBN
1444:ISBN
1293:2017
1276:Cadw
1263:2017
953:2017
936:Cadw
679:Cadw
516:hall
503:John
461:and
428:keep
415:and
407:the
368:Cadw
332:and
322:hall
306:John
293:and
212:1949
141:Cadw
122:Type
749:in
613:'s
469:".
358:'s
261:,
152:Yes
1629::
1581:.
1372:^
1282:,
1278:,
1217:^
1202:^
1185:^
1148:^
1133:^
1114:^
1071:^
1049:^
1034:^
1007:^
960:^
942:,
938:,
909:^
753:.
685:.
340:.
328:,
265:,
33:,
1583:5
1569:.
1549:.
1532:.
1512:.
1490:.
1471:.
1452:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
