148:"an economic and social necessity," and was critical of Écochard and his idea that Moroccans could live in high-rises, considering him "an active instrument of the French colonial power."
81:. In the early 1950s, Écochard commissioned GAMMA to design housing that provided a "culturally specific living tissue" for laborers and migrants from the countryside.
344:
151:
Azagury led GAMMA after
Morocco's independence in 1956. He feared throughout the following decade that independence would come with a return to
595:
475:
448:
314:
207:
58:
465:
109:. It was the first time the French Protectorate built housing for the colonized rather than the colonizers, and it did so to suppress the
600:
367:
223:
585:
50:
110:
590:
294:
106:
163:
152:
82:
141:
122:
98:
94:
171:
167:
156:
88:
38:
322:
562:
516:
417:
273:
175:
46:
554:
508:
471:
444:
409:
265:
203:
101:. Ecochard's 8x8 meter model, designed to address Casablanca's issues with overpopulation and
546:
500:
401:
257:
137:
70:
145:
26:
113:, particularly after the 1952 protests following the assassination of the labor unionist
368:"Casablanca 1952: Architecture For the Anti-Colonial Struggle or the Counter-Revolution"
224:"Casablanca 1952: Architecture For the Anti-Colonial Struggle or the Counter-Revolution"
78:
579:
566:
520:
421:
126:
114:
133:
102:
74:
54:
550:
504:
405:
118:
558:
512:
413:
269:
248:
P., N.; Ecochard, Michel (April 1956). "Casablanca: le roman d'une ville".
345:"Understanding the Grid /1: Michel Ecochard's Planning and Building..."
277:
42:
49:, director of urban planning in Morocco during the later years of the
440:
199:
97:
were some of the first examples of this style that came to be called
261:
315:"Habitat collectif méditerranéen et dynamique des espaces ouverts"
467:
Third World
Modernism: Architecture, Development and Identity
537:
Chaouni, Aziza (2014-07-03). "Interview with Elie
Azagury".
491:
Chaouni, Aziza (2014-07-03). "Interview with Elie
Azagury".
392:
Chaouni, Aziza (2014-07-03). "Interview with Elie
Azagury".
435:
Dahmani, Iman; El moumni, Lahbib; Meslil, El mahdi (2019).
194:
Dahmani, Iman; El moumni, Lahbib; Meslil, El mahdi (2019).
136:
was the only "native" Moroccan architect in GAMMA. He and
295:"Adaptations of Vernacular Modernism in Casablanca"
140:pushed Écochard for higher density development at
162:Other architects associated with GAMMA include
159:, but was relieved that this wasn't the case.
8:
86:
31:Groupe des Architectes Modernes Marocains
439:. Translated by Borim, Ian. Casablanca:
198:. Translated by Borim, Ian. Casablanca:
105:, was pioneering in the architecture of
69:GAMMA initially included the architects
186:
532:
530:
7:
289:
287:
23:Group of Moroccan Modern Architects
539:Journal of Architectural Education
493:Journal of Architectural Education
394:Journal of Architectural Education
343:Fabrizi, Mariabruna (2016-12-07).
45:. It began under the direction of
14:
16:Moroccan collective of architects
1:
596:French colonisation in Africa
117:, which were centered in the
111:Moroccan Nationalist Movement
551:10.1080/10464883.2014.943632
505:10.1080/10464883.2014.943632
406:10.1080/10464883.2014.943632
464:Lu, Duanfang (2010-11-02).
250:Population (French Edition)
617:
601:Nationalism and the arts
372:THE FUNAMBULIST MAGAZINE
228:THE FUNAMBULIST MAGAZINE
153:vernacular architecture
586:Modernist architecture
319:resohab.univ-paris1.fr
87:
59:Morocco's independence
30:
437:Modern Casablanca Map
196:Modern Casablanca Map
144:. Azagury considered
164:Jean-François Zevaco
99:vernacular modernism
39:modernist architects
37:was a collective of
172:Patrice de Mazières
142:Carrières Centrales
123:Carrières Centrales
95:Carrières Centrales
51:French protectorate
591:Culture of Morocco
176:Mourad Ben Embarek
107:collective housing
477:978-1-136-89548-7
450:978-9920-9339-0-2
209:978-9920-9339-0-2
93:(Honeycomb), and
53:, and was led by
608:
571:
570:
534:
525:
524:
488:
482:
481:
461:
455:
454:
432:
426:
425:
389:
383:
382:
380:
379:
364:
358:
357:
355:
354:
340:
334:
333:
331:
330:
321:. Archived from
311:
305:
304:
302:
301:
291:
282:
281:
245:
239:
238:
236:
235:
220:
214:
213:
191:
168:Abdeslam Faraoui
92:
71:George Candillis
616:
615:
611:
610:
609:
607:
606:
605:
576:
575:
574:
536:
535:
528:
490:
489:
485:
478:
463:
462:
458:
451:
434:
433:
429:
391:
390:
386:
377:
375:
366:
365:
361:
352:
350:
342:
341:
337:
328:
326:
313:
312:
308:
299:
297:
293:
292:
285:
262:10.2307/1524699
247:
246:
242:
233:
231:
222:
221:
217:
210:
193:
192:
188:
184:
146:verticalization
67:
47:Michel Écochard
17:
12:
11:
5:
614:
612:
604:
603:
598:
593:
588:
578:
577:
573:
572:
545:(2): 210–216.
526:
499:(2): 210–216.
483:
476:
456:
449:
427:
400:(2): 210–216.
384:
359:
335:
306:
283:
240:
215:
208:
185:
183:
180:
132:At this time,
79:Shadrach Woods
66:
63:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
613:
602:
599:
597:
594:
592:
589:
587:
584:
583:
581:
568:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
533:
531:
527:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
487:
484:
479:
473:
470:. Routledge.
469:
468:
460:
457:
452:
446:
442:
438:
431:
428:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
395:
388:
385:
373:
369:
363:
360:
349:
346:
339:
336:
325:on 2021-07-11
324:
320:
316:
310:
307:
296:
290:
288:
284:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
244:
241:
229:
225:
219:
216:
211:
205:
201:
197:
190:
187:
181:
179:
177:
173:
169:
165:
160:
158:
154:
149:
147:
143:
139:
135:
130:
128:
127:Hay Mohammadi
124:
120:
116:
115:Farhat Hached
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
91:
90:
89:Nid d’Abeille
84:
80:
76:
72:
64:
62:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
40:
36:
32:
28:
24:
19:
542:
538:
496:
492:
486:
466:
459:
436:
430:
397:
393:
387:
376:. Retrieved
374:. 2018-08-09
371:
362:
351:. Retrieved
347:
338:
327:. Retrieved
323:the original
318:
309:
298:. Retrieved
253:
249:
243:
232:. Retrieved
230:. 2018-08-09
227:
218:
195:
189:
161:
150:
134:Elie Azagury
131:
103:rural exodus
75:Alexis Josic
68:
55:Elie Azagury
34:
22:
20:
18:
441:MAMMA Group
200:MAMMA Group
155:instead of
41:working in
580:Categories
378:2020-04-18
353:2020-04-18
329:2020-04-18
300:2020-04-15
256:(2): 374.
234:2020-04-17
182:References
119:bidonville
567:112234517
559:1046-4883
521:112234517
513:1046-4883
422:112234517
414:1046-4883
270:0032-4663
157:modernism
83:Sémiramis
138:Candilis
278:1524699
65:History
43:Morocco
565:
557:
519:
511:
474:
447:
420:
412:
276:
268:
206:
174:, and
57:after
27:French
563:S2CID
517:S2CID
418:S2CID
348:SOCKS
274:JSTOR
125:(now
35:GAMMA
33:) or
555:ISSN
509:ISSN
472:ISBN
445:ISBN
410:ISSN
266:ISSN
204:ISBN
129:).
77:and
21:The
547:doi
501:doi
402:doi
258:doi
121:of
582::
561:.
553:.
543:68
541:.
529:^
515:.
507:.
497:68
495:.
443:.
416:.
408:.
398:68
396:.
370:.
317:.
286:^
272:.
264:.
254:11
252:.
226:.
202:.
178:.
170:,
166:,
85:,
73:,
61:.
29::
569:.
549::
523:.
503::
480:.
453:.
424:.
404::
381:.
356:.
332:.
303:.
280:.
260::
237:.
212:.
25:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.