323:, it was held that (1) Title IX applied to the college, even though it accepted no direct assistance, since it did enroll students who received BEOGs, (2) for Title IX enforcement purposes, the education program or activity at the college receiving federal financial assistance was the college's financial aid program, and not the entire college, (3) federal assistance to the college's financial aid program could be terminated solely because the college had refused to execute an assurance of compliance with Title IX, and (4) the application of Title IX to the college did not infringe the First Amendment rights of the college or its students.
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concurred in part and dissented in part, expressing the view that the program-specific language in Title IX was designed to insure that the reach of the statute is dependent upon the scope of federal financial assistance provided to the college, so that when the financial assistance is clearly
348:
concurred in part and concurred in the result, stating that he was unable to join in holding 2 above because he considered it an advisory opinion unnecessary to the overall decision and because it was predicated on speculation rather than evidence.
280:, which applies only to colleges and universities that receive federal funds, could be applied to a private school that refused direct federal funding but for which a large number of students had received federally funded
134:, which applies only to educational institutions that receive federal funds, could be applied to a private school that refused direct federal funding but for which a large number of students had received federally-funded
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284:. The Court also held that the federal government could require a statutorily mandated "assurance of compliance" with Title IX even though no evidence had been presented to suggest that
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342:, concurred, expressing the view that the above holdings were dictated by the language and legislative history of Title IX and the regulations of the Department of Education.
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In 1987, the holding that compliance with Title IX was necessary only in the particular programs or activities that receive federal funding was abrogated when the
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had discriminated. However, the Court also held that the regulation would apply only to the institution's financial aid department, not to the school as a whole.
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intended to serve as federal aid for the entire college, the college as a whole should be covered by the prohibition on sex discrimination.
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The effect of the court decision on Grove City
College was limited. Grove City modified its admission policies by refusing to sign any
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forms, and replacing federal assistance to students with private aid. The college chose to not admit students who took federal aid.
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White, joined by a unanimous court (Parts I, II, IV, V); Burger, Blackmun, Powell, Rehnquist, O'Connor (Part III)
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A Model of
Judicial Influence on Congressional Policymaking: Grove City College v. Bell
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delivered the opinion of the Court, which was unanimous except for Part III.
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United States
Supreme Court cases of the Burger Court
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List of United States
Supreme Court cases, volume 465
261:, Pub. L. No. 100-259, 102 Stat. 28 (1988) (in part)
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303:In an opinion by White, joined by Chief Justice
699:Abrogated United States Supreme Court decisions
272:, 465 U.S. 555 (1984), was a case in which the
457:"The Less Traveled Path of Grove City College"
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18:1984 United States Supreme Court case
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408:Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987
391:Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987
259:Civil Rights Restoration Act of 1987
327:Concurring and dissenting opinions
230:Powell, joined by Burger, O'Connor
36:Supreme Court of the United States
14:
679:United States Supreme Court cases
497:555 (1984) is available from:
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689:1984 in United States case law
1:
623:Center for Vision and Values
420:Marks, Brian Andrew (1996).
274:United States Supreme Court
246:Brennan, joined by Marshall
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656:Grove City College v. Bell
547:Oyez (oral argument audio)
487:Grove City College v. Bell
269:Grove City College v. Bell
24:Grove City College v. Bell
437:Pittsburgh Press analysis
332:Lewis Franklin Powell Jr.
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45:Decided February 28, 1984
28:
389:subsequently passed the
334:joined by Chief Justice
64:, Secretary of Education
43:Argued November 29, 1983
387:United States Congress
381:Abrogation of decision
162:William J. Brennan Jr.
369:Effect on plaintiffs
292:Opinion of the court
88:104 S. Ct. 1211; 79
538:Library of Congress
463:on October 11, 2007
340:Sandra Day O'Connor
321:Sandra Day O'Connor
206:Sandra Day O'Connor
186:Lewis F. Powell Jr.
694:Grove City College
587:Grove City College
424:. Ann Arbor: UMI.
375:Federal government
286:Grove City College
158:Associate Justices
55:Grove City College
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607:Joseph Newton Pew
357:Thurgood Marshall
346:John Paul Stevens
317:William Rehnquist
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174:Thurgood Marshall
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459:. Archived from
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465:. Retrieved
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313:Lewis Powell
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282:scholarships
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252:Abrogated by
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136:scholarships
102:Case history
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648:Legal cases
467:October 30,
298:Byron White
235:Concurrence
227:Concurrence
170:Byron White
62:Terrel Bell
673:Categories
616:Facilities
443:References
355:joined by
276:held that
94:U.S. LEXIS
92:516; 1984
90:L. Ed. 2d
70:Citations
485:Text of
430:59620765
397:See also
296:Justice
278:Title IX
219:Majority
132:Title IX
57:, et al.
639:WSAJ-FM
511:Findlaw
238:Stevens
126:Holding
119:3d Cir.
659:(1984)
595:People
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364:Legacy
319:, and
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632:Media
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121:1982)
107:Prior
495:U.S.
469:2023
426:OCLC
338:and
307:and
112:F.2d
110:687
83:more
75:U.S.
73:465
491:465
115:684
96:158
78:555
59:v.
675::
489:,
315:,
311:,
578:e
571:t
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