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that he did produce light-fast, Florence's notebooks indicate that he eventually succeeded in doing both. Unfortunately, partly because he never published his invention adequately, partly because he was an obscure inventor living in a remote and undeveloped province, Hércules
Florence was never
455:
of birds and vocalizations of other animals, which he named "zoophonia". Then, in 1830, when he was searching for a simplified way of printing his more than 200 illustrations performed during the
Langsdorff Expedition, other than using expensive and time-consuming engravings on wood and metal
298:, France, the son of Arnaud Florence (1749–1807), a tax collector, and Augustine de Vignolis, a minor noblewoman. As a child he manifested interest for drawing and the sciences, as well as for the voyages of the great
415:
Soon after the end of the expedition, in 1830, Florence married Maria Angélica de
Vasconcellos, the daughter of his acquaintance and benefactor Francisco Álvares Machado, and went to live with her in the city of
931:
428:
in the town, and in
Campinas, he remained for the next 49 years until his death in 1879. Maria died in 1850; four years later he married Carolina Krug, a German immigrant born in 1828 in
447:
Soon after settling in
Campinas, Hércules Florence began a prolific career as inventor and businessman. During the Langsdorff expedition, he had developed a new system of using
585:
Kossoy, Boris: Hercule
Florence: "Pioneer of photography in Brazil", Image, 20 (1) Rochester, International Museum of Photography at George Eastman House, March 1977.
569:. Hércules Florence, Brazilian edition with translation by Francisco Álvares Machado and Vasconcellos Florence, Museu de Arte de São Paulo Assis Chateaubriand, 1977.
407:. This expedition lasts from June 1826 to March 1829, when, exhausted, sick, the survivors arrived in Rio, after a large journey in the Paraguay and Amazon Basin.
591:
Kossoy, Boris: Hercule
Florence: A descoberta isolada da fotografia no Brasil, 3ed., Editora da Universidade de São Paulo - Edusp, São Paulo, 2006 (1st ed. 1977).
468:, which he named "polygraphia", and began using this commercially in his printing office. As his technique evolved, he was able to combine colors, and to produce
266:(February 29, 1804 – March 27, 1879) was a Monegasque-Brazilian painter and inventor, known as the isolate inventor of photography in Brazil, three years before
561:
403:
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and retraces part of the Baron von
Langsdorff expedition's itinerary. It also visited the St. Petersburg's Langsdorff museum collections. The director was
341:. He was already an accomplished draftsman and painter with considerable talent and many scientific interests, particularly in the natural sciences and
546:
274:), using the matrix negative/positive, still in use. According to Kossoy, who examined Florence's notes, he referred to his process, in French, as
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108:
61:
972:
582:
Kossoy, Boris: "Hercules
Florence, o pioneiro da fotografia no Brasil",O Estado de S.Paulo, Suplemento Literário,São Paulo,1973.
518:), is described by the IMS as the "oldest photographic record existing on the American continent, based on the sensitivity of
68:
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around the year 1800. Unlike
Wedgwood, who was unable to make photographs of real-world scenes with his camera or render the
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In 1833, with the help of a pharmacist friend, Joaquim Correa de Mello, Florence began to study ways of permanently fixing
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783:"One of Photography's Earliest Inventors Had an Ingenious Trick to Stop His Images From Over-Developing, Scholars Say"
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Kossoy, Boris: Hercule Florence: La découverte isolée de la photographie au Brésil, Paris, l'Harmattan, 2017.
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after Hercule's death. He fathered a total of 20 children, being 13 with Maria Angélica and 7 with Carolina.
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652:"O francês Hercule Florence (1804 – 1879), inventor de um dos primeiros métodos de fotografia do mundo"
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Kossoy, Boris: Hercule Florence: el descubrimiento aislado de la fotografía, Madrid, Cátedra Ed., 2017.
398:
600:
Kossoy, Boris: Hercule Florence: die entdeckung der fotografie in Brasilien, Vienna, Lit Verlag, 2015.
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Kossoy, Boris: The pioneering photographic work of Hercule Florence, New York/London, Routledge, 2018.
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534:, a grand-grand-granddaughter of Hércules Florence living in Campinas, Brazil, has been made by the
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Florence's life changed dramatically when he decided to respond to a newspaper advertisement put by
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recognized internationally as one of the inventors of photography during his lifetime. He died in
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A photographic image of several pharmaceutical flask labels, produced by Hercules Florence in
432:. Together they founded in 1863 a school for girls, the Florence College, which was moved to
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608:. Politica storia e società (in Italian). Ogliastro Cilento: Licosia. p. 408.
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William Luret: "Les trois vies d'Hercule Florence", éditions JC Lattès, Paris 2001
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397:(1803–1828). In the year of 1825 they travelled by sea from Rio to the village of
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345:. Soon after his arrival, he got a job in a women's fashion store and then as a
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514:(IMS) in São Paulo Brazil, (acquired by the IMS in 2002 from the collection of
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Photocopy of a diploma made using Florence's photographic technique, ca. 1833
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Cartografia migrante : Hercule Florence da Nizza al Brasile (1804-1879)
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in a bookstore and printing shop, owned by his compatriot Pierre Plancher.
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on paper, a combination which had been the subject of experiments by
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on May 1, 1824, two years after the declaration of independence from
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401:. Florence eventually published his memoirs of the expedition in
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Hercule Florence: El descubrimiento de la fotografía en Brasil
18:
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Encyclopedia of nineteenth-century photography: A-I, index
576:. Editora da Universidade de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, 1993.
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images, which he named "photographia". They settled on
915:". Instituto Moreira Salles. Retrieved Jan. 17, 2018.
420:(then named Vila de São Carlos), in the province of
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After a period of wandering and working on board of
294:Hercules Florence was born on February 29, 1804 in
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49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
325:and merchant ships, Hércules Florence set sail to
938:Documents and publications about Hercule Florence
723:. Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia.
318:, where his parents had been living since 1807.
306:and already as a 14-year-old boy he worked as a
809:"Hercules Florence, Inventor of Photographia"
464:), he invented a new process, similar to the
393:(1802–1858) and the young French illustrator
8:
547:Tras las Huellas de la Expedición Langsdorff
381:who was organizing on behalf of the Russian
131:
120:
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
692:"Hercule Florence. Le Nouveau Robinson"
683:
377:in Brazil, a German-born physician and
329:as a crew member of the French warship
234:Maria Angélica Vasconcellos (1830–1850)
220:Earliest use of the word "photography"
510:, currently in the collection of the
7:
747:, Volume 1, Routledge, 2008, p. 536.
278:in 1834, at least four years before
47:adding citations to reliable sources
567:Viagem Fluvial do Tietê ao Amazonas
562:Voyage fluvial du Tieté à l'Amazone
404:Voyage fluvial du Tieté à l'Amazone
361:Sugar cane mill in São Carlos, 1840
650:Wanderley, Andrea (7 March 2018).
14:
696:Nouveau Museé National de Monaco
264:Antoine Hercule Romuald Florence
147:Antoine Hercule Romuald Florence
23:
913:Hercule Florence – Apresentação
574:A Zoophonia de Hercule Florence
549:. Discovery Channel in Spanish.
385:a scientific expedition to the
34:needs additional citations for
530:A film documentary, featuring
1:
565:, published in Portuguese as
932:Dicionário das Artes Visuais
383:Imperial Academy of Sciences
16:Monegasque-Brazilian painter
604:Vangelista, Chiara (2022).
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942:Instituto Hercule Florence
839:Enciclopédia Itaú Cultural
762:Hercule Florence Institute
629:Instituto Hercule Florence
508:Epréuve Nº2 (photographie)
333:, arriving in the port of
893:(in Brazilian Portuguese)
867:(in Brazilian Portuguese)
841:(in Brazilian Portuguese)
237:Carolina Krug (1854–1879)
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891:Instituto Moreira Salles
758:"About Hercule Florence"
512:Instituto Moreira Salles
411:Shop-keeper and inventor
282:coined the English word
251:13 (with Maria Angélica)
973:Pioneers of photography
944:'s Corisco IHF database
865:Google Arts and Culture
506:, in 1833 and entitled
656:Brasiliana Fotográfica
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391:Johann Moritz Rugendas
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217:Pioneering photography
717:Boris Kossoy (2004).
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270:(but six years after
988:People from Campinas
963:Immigrants to Brazil
743:John Hannavy (ed.),
559:Florence, Hércules.
516:Pedro Corrêa do Lago
367:Baron von Langsdorff
353:The great expedition
43:improve this article
968:Brazilian inventors
526:Cultural references
137:portrait circa 1870
58:"Hércules Florence"
887:"Hercule Florence"
861:"Hercule Florence"
835:"Hercule Florence"
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958:Brazilian artists
536:Discovery Channel
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369:(1773–1852), the
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177:(1879-03-27)
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36:verification
33:
983:1879 deaths
978:1804 births
698:(in French)
668:8 September
659: [
641:8 September
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522:to light".
462:lithography
343:ethnography
284:photography
194:Occupations
952:Categories
678:References
499:, Brazil.
492:photograms
473:bank notes
466:mimeograph
458:xylography
379:naturalist
290:Early life
153:1804-02-28
69:newspapers
897:April 17,
871:April 17,
845:April 17,
819:April 17,
793:April 17,
767:April 17,
702:April 17,
422:São Paulo
312:draftsman
304:New World
300:explorers
99:June 2007
813:ArtForum
497:Campinas
418:Campinas
339:Portugal
323:warships
268:Daguerre
245:Children
200:Inventor
183:Campinas
625:"Sobre"
434:Jundiai
426:printer
373:of the
302:to the
228:Spouses
83:scholar
787:Artnet
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399:Santos
387:Amazon
327:Brazil
316:Monaco
187:Brazil
165:France
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704:2024
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643:2022
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460:and
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172:Died
161:Nice
143:Born
62:news
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