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Schmidt-Rottluffs
Ruhender Frau (1912) der Nationalgalerie ein persönliches Geschenk. Als Kunde der Galerien Ferdinand Möller, Paul Cassirer, Herwarth Walden und Alfred Flechtheim war Hugo Simon mit verschiedenen KunsthĂ€ndlern verbunden, wobei das VerhĂ€ltnis zu Paul Cassirer besonders eng war: Er beauftragte ihn mit dem Umbau seiner neuen Villa in Berlin-Tiergarten, die durch seine Sammelleidenschaft und Cassirers Expertise zu einem Tempel der Kunst wurde: GemĂ€lde von Camille Pissarro und Claude Monet schmĂŒckten das Esszimmer, im Wintergarten schuf Max Slevogt ein WandgemĂ€lde, mit dem er das in den 1920er Jahren beliebte Papageien-Motiv aufnahm. Im AuĂenbereich stand ein Brunnen mit einer Plastik des Bildhauers Georg Kolbe. Hugo Simon fĂŒhrte ein offenes Haus; er brachte Menschen zusammen, bei ihm verkehrten u.a. Albert Einstein, Max Liebermann, Harry Graf Kessler und RenĂ©e Sintenes, knĂŒpfte Verbindungen und verlor dabei das karitative Engagement nicht aus den Augen: Beispielsweise las im Dezember 1929 Thomas Mann im Rahmen eines Dinners in seinem Haus aus dem Joseph-Manuskript, und der Gastgeber sammelte Spenden fĂŒr die JĂŒdische Altenhilfe.
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Brecht and Stefan Zweig, and on his walls works by Monet and
Pissarro were hung side-by-side with those of the German Expressionists such as Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, Erich Heckel and Max Pechstein. Like most German intellectuals, many of whom were Jewish, Hugo Simon had to flee the Nazi regime in 1933. He and his wife Gertrude left Germany in March and managed to take a large part of their art collection with them. They arrived in Paris in April 1933. A few months later, in October, all their belongings in Germany were seized. They remained in Paris from March 1937 to June 1940, staying in various hotels and then renting an apartment at 102, rue de Grenelle in the 7th arrondissement. In June 1940, they were forced to leave Paris for Marseille and later to abandon war-torn Europe altogether and go into exile in Brazil, where they arrived in March 1941. A large part of Simon's collection was looted by the ERR (Einsatzstab Reichsleiter Rosenberg).
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Rafael
Cardoso, Simon's great-grandson believes that Simon only let the masterpiece go because of Nazi persecution. The question is: did Simon consign the work in the normal course of business or did he have no choice? It was not clear he was paid for it. At the very least he probably saved this particular Scream (there are four versions) from destruction. Cardoso refused compensation offers from the consignor, Norwegian shipping magnate Petter Olsen, stating that his only issue was a moral one: "That the legacy of those who were wronged should be remembered and respected." The sale went ahead regardless, and The Scream was sold for a record-breaking $ 119.9 million to New York billionaire Leon Black, who bought it in May 2012 before loaning it to New York's Museum of Modern Art.
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TrÀumen ausgemalt.' Einstein is happy that Hugo and his wife are in safety, and adds that he will enclose a letter to rectify the problem of his assumed identity ('Es muss curios sein, als ein
Fremder in der eigenen Haut herumzulaufen und ich will gerne im beiliegunden Schreiben dazu beitragen, dass dieser Zustand rectifiziert wird'). The second letter reads: '...you have told me that you have had to assume another name to save your life from the hands of the Gestapo and that now you have to prove to the authorities that your real name is Hugo Simon. I am gladly willing to testify before every government agency that I have known you and your family well...also...that you have always been a reliable citizen, both personally and politically....' (2)
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einzigartigen
Netzwerks werden. Deutlich wird das an seinen beiden HĂ€usern: der (im Krieg zerstörten) Villa in Berlin-Tiergarten und dem Gut in Seelow im Oderbruch. Beide Orte waren nicht nur private Refugien, sondern soziale Treffpunkte, die Menschen zusammenbrachten; AusstellungsflĂ€chen, die moderner und âklassischer' Kunst Raum boten; Experimentierfelder fĂŒr innovative landwirtschaftliche Methoden (Seelow); BĂŒhnen fĂŒr âhalböffentliche' Kulturveranstaltungen und (politische) Diskussionsforen. Vor diesem Hintergrund soll Hugo Simons Leben und Werk wieder sichtbar gemacht werden.
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paintings, works on paper and sculptures, with an emphasis on German
Expressionism and French Impressionism, but also including works by Old Masters and nineteenth-century artists. There was also an extensive library, furniture, carpets and antique glass. Until Simon's flight from Germany, this art collection was considered one of the most important in Berlin. Its existence spans the period from its creation around 1910 to its forced dissolution in the period from 1933 to 1945.
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After his father's death and the sale of the property, Simon lived with his wife
Gertrud and their daughters Anette and Ursula in Berlin-Zehlendorf. In 1911 Simon founded the private bank Carsch Simon & Co. together with Otto Carsch. In 1922 the partners separated and Simon founded the successor company Bett Simon & Co. together with Kasimir Bett and Kurt Gutmacher.
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Schweizerhaus was taken over in 1936 by the state experimental institute in
Landsberg / Warthe and continued as the âStaatliches Versuchsgut Oderbruchâ. After the Second World War, the estate was first occupied by the Soviet Red Army and then, in 1950, taken over by the Association of Nationally Owned Enterprises and operated as VEB Gartenbau.
199:(Berlin), the Deutsche Grundkreditbank AG (Gotha-Berlin), R. Frister AG (Berlin-Oberschöneweide), Multiplex-GasfernĂŒnder GmbH (Berlin), Terrain-AG Botanischer Garten - Zehlendorf West (Berlin), ThĂŒringische Landeshypothekenbank AG (Weimar) and the Wurzen art mills and biscuit factories vorm. F. Krietsch (Wurzen) (all as of 1931).
322:(German League for Human Rights)) . Shortly before the occupation of Paris by the Wehrmacht, he and his wife managed to escape to Marseille in June 1940. Finally, in February 1941, both were able to travel to Brazil via Spain and Portugal with Czech passports under the code names "Hubert Studenic" and "Garina Studenic".
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Banker, social-democrat activist, pacifist, Maecenas, founder of a silkworm farm.His and Stefan Zweig's paths crossed five times: in the group around the businessman-philosopher-statesman
Walther Rathenau; after the Great War in the Weimar Republic; in Paris, in the circle of German émigrés after
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The
Schweizerhaus was opened on 5 October 1933 by an order of the District President in Frankfurt a. d. Or (Rapporteur: Government Councilor Möbius) drafted. Nazis justified the confiscation claiming that Simon was finance minister of the âMarxist Prussian governmentâ and a member of the USPD â -The
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Hugo Simon (1880â1950) was a multifaceted character: banker, politician, patron and art collector, he was one of the key figures in Berlin's life during the Weimar Republic. In his villa in Berlin Tiergarten, he regularly welcomed prominent personalities such as Max Liebermann, Thomas Mann, Bertolt
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Der Bankier und MĂ€zen Hugo Simon (1880â1950), heute fast vergessen, war eine der SchlĂŒsselfiguren des Berliner Lebens in der Zwischenkriegszeit. Die Vielfalt seiner kulturellen, politischen und wirtschaftlichen Interessen und des damit verbundenen Engagements lieĂen Hugo Simon zum Mittelpunkt eines
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The project focuses on the collection of the Jewish, Berlin banker, art collector, pacifist, politician and agriculturalist Hugo Simon (1880-1950), dispersed due to persecution under the National Socialist regime. The collection, built up between 1910 and 1933, comprised at least 150 works, among
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Hugo Simon, a Jewish banker and finance minister based in Berlin and a supporter of many "degenerate" artists lost many works to the Nazis. He was also the owner of what recently became the world's most expensive painting, Edvard Munch's The Scream, which he consigned to a Swiss gallery in 1937.
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Hugo Simon came from a Jewish family. His father was the teacher Victor Simon, his mother was Sophie Simon nee Jablonski. He grew up on his father's farm in KahlstÀdt in the Kolmar district (Posen province) and completed an agricultural training course and an apprenticeship in a bank in Marburg.
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Simon was chairman of the supervisory board of Allgemeine HÀuserbau-AG from 1872 - Adolf Sommerfeld (Berlin), deputy chairman of the supervisory board of Cröllwitzer Actien-Papierfabrik (Halle ad Saale), member of the supervisory board of G. Feibisch AG (Berlin), steam brickworks Bergenhorst AG
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ALBERT EINSTEIN (1879-1955) Two t.l.s. to Hugo Simon , both dated The Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, New Jersey, 3 June 1946, Âœ page 4to. The first letter, in German, remarks on the condition of Berlin: 'Eine solche Zukunft hĂ€tten wir uns doch damals in Berlin nicht in den dĂŒstersten
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Simon's extensive art collection was one of the most important in Berlin. Gathered between 1910 and 1933 it contained about 150 artworks. Nazi plunder, duress sales and flight as a refugee dispersed the collection. Artworks remaining in Germany were seized by the Nazis on 9 October 1933, with
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Besondere Verdienste erwarb sich Hugo Simon als MÀzen und Sammler; als Mitglied der einflussreichen Ankaufskommission der Neuen Abteilung der Nationalgalerie (Eröffnung 1919) unter Ludwig Justi war er entscheidend am Aufbau von Berlins innovativstem Museum beteiligt; 1920 machte er mit Karl
293:'s garden house built on the site in Weimar. The builder was the architect Ernst Rossius-Rhyn. There was also a small park with aviaries for different species of parakeets and pheasants and a bird fountain designed by the ceramicist Emil Pottner. He was a member of the
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came to power in 1933, Hugo Simon and his wife fled to Paris via Switzerland. He founded a bank again, supported refugee aid and got involved politically, among other things. as a founding member of the pacifist organization Bund Neues Vaterland (later renamed
186:. After the November Revolution of 1918, he was briefly Minister of Finance in the Prussian Council of People's Representatives as a member of the USPD. Alfred Döblin dealt with this short time as a politician in his novel November 1918.
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The Reichsanzeiger announced yesterday that the government had confiscated the property of Hugo Simon, partner in the Banking House of Bett Simon, who was the Prussian Minister of Finance in 1919 and affiliated with the Independent Labor
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Hugo Simon submitted restitution claims for art plundered by the Nazis starting in 1947. After his death, his heirs continued the process of trying to locate and recover artworks from his collection, notably Munch's
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the Nazis came to power; in 1940, in Brazil, when they stayed in the same hotel on Flamengo beach; and in early 1942 in Barbacena, during a meeting with another refugee writer, the Frenchman George Bernanos.
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Simon was a well-known art lover, collector and patron. He was a member of the purchasing committee of the Nationalgalerie Berlin. He was a member of the supervisory board of
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After 1990 a community of heirs applied for restitution. In 2010 the city of Seelow bought the area and the Heimatverein âSchweizerhaus Seelowâ e.V. renovated the building.
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Dok. 118. Der RegierungsprĂ€sident in Frankfurt (Oder) rechtfertigt gegenĂŒber dem preuĂischen Finanzminister am 26. Mai 1934 die Einziehung des Gutes von Hugo Simon.
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The couple initially lived in Rio de Janeiro, then moved to Barbacena, where Hugo Simon devoted himself to raising silkworms. He died in SĂŁo Paulo in 1950.
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1 September 1880 - 1 July 1950) was a German Jewish banker, politician and art collector who was persecuted by the Nazis. He was a former owner of
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and the Ullstein brothers and politicians like the Prussian Prime Minister Otto Braun. In addition, Hugo Simon was friends among others. with
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1360:"France returns Pechstein painting looted in occupied Paris to heirs of Hugo Simon, a banker and leading figure in German cultural life"
1026:"German Lost Art Foundation - Project finder - Reconstruction of the art collection of the Jewish Berlin banker Hugo Simon (1880-1950)"
997:"German Lost Art Foundation - Project finder - Reconstruction of the art collection of the Jewish Berlin banker Hugo Simon (1880-1950)"
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289:(Brandenburg) and built a model farm here with cattle, poultry, fruit and vegetable cultivation. In 1923/24 he had a replica of
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Simon's other property. Some of Simon's collection ended up in Switzerland in the Kunsthaus ZĂŒrich and the Kunstmuseum Basel.
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736:"Simon, Hugo - Die RĂ€ume des Hugo Simon - Die Geschichte Berlins - Verein fĂŒr die Geschichte Berlins e.V. - gegr. 1865"
657:"Simon, Hugo - Die RĂ€ume des Hugo Simon - Die Geschichte Berlins - Verein fĂŒr die Geschichte Berlins e.V. - gegr. 1865"
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Fluchtgut â Raubgut. Der Transfer von KulturgĂŒtern in und ĂŒber die Schweiz 1933â1945 und die Frage der Restitution.
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Die Autobiographie des Bankiers und Politikers Hugo Simon: politische Reflexion im Medium des deutschen Realismus.
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980:"Schwierige RĂŒckkehr. ErzĂ€hlungen und Reflexionen ĂŒber das ZurĂŒckkehren im Kontext von Exil und Vertreibung"
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Die Verfolgung und Ermordung der europĂ€ischen Juden durch das nationalsozialistische Deutschland 1933â1945.
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Die Exilliteratur und das Exil der deutschsprachigen Schriftsteller und Publizisten in Brasilien.
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460:âDas Paradies ist ĂŒberall verlorenâ. Das Brasilienbild von FlĂŒchtlingen des Nationalsozialismus.
555:(Biographie) Mit einem Vorwort von Rafael Cardoso. Nimbus, Berlin 2020, ISBN 978-3-03850-057-5.
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Reichshandbuch der deutschen Gesellschaft. Das Handbuch der Persönlichkeiten in Wort und Bild.
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214:. Politicians, artists, scientists and scholars met every week in his house. These included
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Teilnachlass Hugo Simon im Deutschen Exilarchiv der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek
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601:"Edvard Munch's 'The Scream' goes for $ 119.9 million at Sotheby's - Los Angeles Times"
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956:"Diplomatizzando: Casa Stefan Zweig, Retratos do passado: Hubert Studenic/Hugo Simon"
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856:"S. Fischer Verlage Das VermÀchtnis der Seidenraupen Geschichte einer Familie"
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1285:"Ahead of MoMA exhibit, art collector claims 'The Scream' has Nazi history"
476:(in German), vol. 24, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 435â436
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In 2021, following the French government's restitution of Max Pechstein's
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Owned Edvard Munchâs âThe Screamâ before rise of Nazis, patron of the arts
1129:"Heirs of owner of Nazi-looted 'The Scream' want explanation on display"
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Hugo Simon in Berlin, Rafael Cardoso (Hg.), Anna-Dorothea Ludewig (Hg.)
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Hentrich & Hentrich, Berlin / Leipzig 2018, ISBN 978-3-95565-274-6.
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which Simon consigned to a Swiss gallery in 1937 as he fled the Nazis.
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German Jewish banker, art collector and refugee from Nazis (1880â1950)
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UnabhĂ€ngige Expertenkommission Schweiz â Zweiter Weltkrieg (Hrsg.):
1310:"L'histoire du tableau Nus dans un paysage de Max Pechstein (1912)"
1158:"Edvard Munch's 'The Scream' goes for $ 119.9 million at Sotheby's"
1208:"plundered art: ERR databaseâUntangling the Hugo Simon collection"
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dedicated her poem Gott hör ... to âHugo Simon dem Boasâ in 1920.
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Oldenbourg-Wissenschaftsverlag, 2007, S. 339â341 (Leseprobe,
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1261:"Is Edvard Munch's The Scream A Case For Nazi Restitution"
1183:"Is Edvard Munch's The Scream A Case For Nazi Restitution"
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www.webdecker.de, webdecker-www webdecker de, webdecker-.
1088:"Werkliste der Gemaelde und Skulpture Proveninenz Zurich"
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Vervuert, Frankfurt am Main 2010, ISBN 978-3-86527-579-0.
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Privatfilm fĂŒr Hugo Simon (1924), Regie und Produktion:
711:"Hugo Simon: Ein Bankier auf der Flucht vor den Nazis"
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The Art Newspaper - International art news and events
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in Paris held an exhibition in honor of Hugo Simon.
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1388:Literature by and about Hugo Simon (art collector)
577:List of claims for restitution for Nazi-looted art
546:Hugo Simon in Berlin. Handlungsorte und DenkrÀume.
1059:"Property of Hugo Simon, Banker, is Confiscated"
632:"Property of Hugo Simon, Banker, is Confiscated"
1486:Independent Social Democratic Party politicians
1335:"Le tableau volé, les Nazis et les vers à soie"
954:Almeida, Paulo Roberto De (25 February 2017).
297:and worked among other things. together with
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1511:People of the German Revolution of 1918â1919
783:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
57:November 14, 1918 â January 4, 1919
429:Deutscher Wirtschaftsverlag, Berlin 1931,
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1436:Businesspeople from Rio de Janeiro (city)
1232:"Outgunned in the Search for Stolen Art"
910:Heimatverein "Schweizerhaus-Seelow" e.V.
553:Hugo Simon. Bankier, Sammler, Sozialist.
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455:) â zur Enteignung des Schweizerhauses.
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281:In 1921 Hugo Simon bought the former â
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1421:20th-century German businesspeople
572:Einsatzstab Reichsleiter Rosenberg
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1501:People from the Province of Posen
681:"Hugo Simon in Berlin Online PDF"
503:, Band 3, 1983, 1, S. 50 f.
258:, the publishers Samuel Fischer,
320:Deutsche Liga fĂŒr Menschenrechte
1506:People from Steglitz-Zehlendorf
881:"NEWSLETTER January 2021 â N°8"
1105:"Galerie des 20. Jahrhunderts"
242:, also visual artists such as
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827:"ALBERT EINSTEIN (1879-1955)"
522:, Bd. 6 (1986), 2, S. 30â38,
486:Izabela Maria Furtado Kestler
1476:German expatriates in France
1471:German expatriates in Brazil
1446:Finance ministers of Prussia
609:. 2020-02-08. Archived from
210:and banker of the publisher
45:Prussian Minister of Finance
1491:Jews and Judaism in Germany
1441:Emigrants from Nazi Germany
740:www.diegeschichteberlins.de
687:(in German). Archived from
661:www.diegeschichteberlins.de
497:Hugo Simon/Hubert Studenic.
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1481:German patrons of the arts
1466:German corporate directors
1426:Businesspeople from Berlin
359:ended up in Norway in the
18:Hugo Simon (Art collector)
1431:Businesspeople from Paris
1063:Jewish Telegraphic Agency
636:Jewish Telegraphic Agency
551:Nina Senger, Jan Maruhn:
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1109:www.galerie20.smb.museum
1030:www.kulturgutverluste.de
1001:www.kulturgutverluste.de
473:Neue Deutsche Biographie
361:Henie Onstad Kunstsenter
1461:German company founders
1392:German National Library
1341:(in French). 2021-07-02
685:www.kauf-gebrauchtes.de
540:Anna-Dorothea Ludewig,
492:Frankfurt am Main 1992.
1206:Unknown (2011-04-13).
1133:St. Louis Jewish Light
935:casastefanzweig.org.br
803:casastefanzweig.org.br
709:rkeuper (2017-05-03).
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313:Immediately after the
295:Kaiser Wilhelm Society
1496:People from Barbacena
1451:Jewish art collectors
906:"Wer war Hugo Simon?"
466:Felix Escher (2010),
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155:Banker, art collector
59:Serving with
220:Erich Maria Remarque
180:'s famous painting,
1308:INHA (2019-02-12).
411:(unveröffentlicht).
392:Nus dans un paysage
315:National Socialists
276:Else Lasker-SchĂŒler
254:, also the actress
860:S. Fischer Verlage
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1289:www.lootedart.com
1236:www.lootedart.com
1162:Los Angeles Times
831:www.christies.com
606:Los Angeles Times
204:S. Fischer Verlag
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1368:. Retrieved
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1164:. 2012-05-02
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1137:the original
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1065:. 1933-10-11
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638:. 1933-10-11
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537:ZĂŒrich 2001.
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407:Hugo Simon:
394:(1912), the
391:
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353:Edvard Munch
349:
344:Edvard Munch
337:
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268:Karl Kautsky
252:George Grosz
236:Stefan Zweig
228:Arnold Zweig
201:
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181:
178:Edvard Munch
173:
172:
127:(1950-07-01)
81:Succeeded by
52:
1416:1950 deaths
1411:1880 births
1316:(in French)
1314:www.inha.fr
912:(in German)
862:(in German)
717:(in German)
274:. The poet
272:Thomas Mann
125:1 July 1950
74:Oskar Hergt
69:Preceded by
1405:Categories
1370:2023-11-07
1345:2023-11-07
1320:2023-11-07
1294:2021-04-15
1270:2021-04-15
1242:2021-04-15
1238:. Newsweek
1217:2021-04-15
1192:2021-04-15
1168:2021-04-15
1143:2021-04-15
1114:2021-04-15
1069:2021-04-15
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1011:2021-04-15
965:2021-04-15
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866:2021-04-15
836:2021-04-15
808:2021-04-15
745:2021-04-15
721:2021-04-15
695:2021-04-15
666:2021-04-15
642:2021-04-15
617:2021-04-15
587:References
449:1933â1937.
437:, S. 1787.
416:Literature
385:The Scream
357:The Scream
355:'s famous
339:The Scream
303:MĂŒncheberg
299:Erwin Baur
190:Early life
183:The Scream
174:Hugo Simon
152:Occupation
105:1880-09-01
34:Hugo Simon
1394:catalogue
779:cite book
544:(Hrsg.):
528:0721-6742
509:0721-6742
435:453960294
160:Known for
132:SĂŁo Paulo
53:In office
890:. CIVS.
715:Bankstil
567:See also
447:Band 1:
425:Band 2:
1390:in the
1265:Artlyst
1187:Artlyst
431:DNB-IDN
1075:Party.
526:
507:
433:
346:, 1893
291:Goethe
287:Seelow
136:Brazil
1382:Links
1091:(PDF)
983:(PDF)
884:(PDF)
799:"s26"
520:Exil.
501:Exil.
785:link
524:ISSN
518:In:
505:ISSN
499:In:
443:In:
427:LâZ.
270:and
250:and
238:and
206:and
146:USPD
122:Died
112:Usch
99:Born
582:MNR
342:by
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