Hudson Motor Car Company - Knowledge (XXG)

844:) during the 1950s. A sales war between Ford and General Motors conducted during 1953 and 1954 had left little business for the much smaller "independent" automakers trying to compete against the standard models offered by the domestic Big Three. The Big Three could afford constant development and styling changes, so that their cars looked fresh every year, whereas the smaller manufacturers could only afford gradual changes. Hudson's once-innovative "step-down" unit-body construction, while sturdy and innovative, also made restyling difficult and expensive. Although Hudsons dominated racing during this period, their feats did little to affect showroom traffic despite incorporating their NASCAR success into a marketing campaign known as "Win on Sunday, Sell on Monday". Sales fell each year from 1951 until 1954, and only 580:

vacuum-powered module to pull the clutch in and out. At the touch of a button, Drive-Master offered the driver a choice of three modes of operation: ordinary, manual shifting and clutching; manual shifting with automatic clutching; and automatic shifting with automatic clutching. All this was accomplished by a large and complicated mechanism located under the hood. They worked well, and in fully automatic mode served as a good semi-automatic transmission. When coupled with an automatic overdrive, Drive-Master became known as Super-Matic. Re-engineering of the frame rear end to use lower springs reduced car height by 1.5 in (38 mm). Sheet metal "spats" on the lower body now covered the running boards and new wider front and rear fenders accommodated this.

711: 369: 703: 1375: 1217: 514: 530: 1082: 551:("rhythmic ride"), and prevented bumps and braking from moving the car off course. The 1936 Hudsons were also considerably larger inside than competitive cars — Hudson claimed a 145 cu ft (4.1 m) interior, comparing it to the 121 cu ft (3.4 m) in the "largest of other popular cars" of the time. With an optional bulging trunk lid, Hudson claimed the trunk could accommodate 21 cu ft (0.59 m) of luggage. The 1936 engines were powerful for the time, from 93 to 124 hp (69 to 92 kW; 94 to 126 PS). 1233: 610: 935: 1199:

operations and production ceased in 1941. Post-war operations resumed in 1950, with Hudsons being assembled by Chatco Steel Products in Tilbury, Ontario. Operations ceased in 1954 following the Nash-Hudson merger that led to the formation of American Motors Corporation. Toronto-based Nash Motors of Canada Ltd. became American Motors (Canada) Ltd. and all subsequent AMC operations continued in Toronto until its closure in 1957. Local production of Ramblers resumed after AMC's Brampton, Ontario plant opened in December 1960.

679: 200: 1074: 1225: 1090: 377: 208: 393: 687: 1340: 654:, later the Fisher Body Division of GM, manufactured bodies for many automobile marques throughout the early 20th Century. From 1926 the business had become part of General Motors. Just before World War II, the Fisher brothers contemplated a takeover of Hudson and commissioned engineer Roscoe C. (Rod) Hoffman, from Detroit, to design and build several rear-engine prototype vehicles for possible eventual production as Hudsons. One prototype was built in secret in 1935. 871:) to discuss the possibility of a merger with Nash. Mason already had the vision of merging the four independent automakers (Nash, Hudson, Packard, and Studebaker) into one company to compete with the Big Three, having floated the idea as early as 1946 with Packard to no avail. Mason had previously discussed the idea with Barit in 1952. On 14 January 1954 an agreement was reached and Nash and Hudson executives took the first steps to bring the two companies together. 695: 1367: 1120:, Wolseley, Dort, Benz, Fiat, and Turkat Méry. After a slump in the economy which caused operations to cease in November 1927, Smith & Waddington resumed production in June 1928, again building Hudson and Essex vehicles for NSW and Queensland, and further adding Dodge, Chrysler, Erskine, and Studebaker for the whole of Australia. Additionally, Sydney coach builder G.H Olding & Sons are known to have built 6 Terraplane phaetons for Dalgety in 1934. 1032:

insufficient to justify all-new design and tooling; therefore, the Rambler's platform was expected to be adopted by the longer cars. One major trade magazine said rumors of discontinuance were false and the 1958 Hudsons and Nashes "would be big and smart". Factory styling photographs show designs for a 1958 Hudson (and Nash) line based on a longer-wheelbase 1958 Rambler. Front-end prototype photos show separate Hudson and Nash styling themes.

401: 216: 922:, announced "There are no mergers under way either directly or indirectly". Nevertheless, Romney continued with Mason's commitment to buy components from Studebaker-Packard Corporation. Although Mason and Nance had previously agreed that Studebaker-Packard would purchase parts from AMC, it did not do so. Moreover, Packard's engines and transmissions were comparatively expensive, so AMC began development of its own 6665: 4924: 385: 413:

in 1922 for Hudson's Essex. It was the first closed vehicle available at a price close to its open-bodied brethren. The 1922 Essex closed body was priced at only $ 300 more than the 1922 Essex touring. Within three years, its popularity enabled Hudson to reduce its price so that both the 1925 Essex touring and coach were priced the same. The Essex found great success by offering one of the first affordable

6675: 522: 4612: 558:" came into vogue. Hudson became the first car manufacturer to use foam rubber in its seats. The Hudson Terraplane was dropped. For the 1940 models, Hudson introduced coil spring independent front suspension, aircraft-style shock absorbers mounted within the front springs, and true center-point steering on all its models, a major advance in performance among cars in this price range. The 444:. This took the place of the floor-mounted shift lever, but required conventional clutch actions. Cars equipped with the feature also carried a conventional shift lever in clips under the dash, which could be pulled out and put to use in case the Electric Hand should ever fail. Hudson was also noted for offering an optional vacuum-powered automatic clutch, starting in the early 1930s. 360:. Most Hudsons until 1957 had straight-6 engines. The dual brake system used a secondary mechanical emergency brake system, which activated the rear brakes when the pedal traveled beyond the normal reach of the primary system; a mechanical parking brake was also used. Hudson transmissions also used an oil bath and cork clutch mechanism that proved to be as durable as it was smooth. 506: 224: 4934: 1275:, Hudson and Essex vehicles were imported by W.G. Vining Limited of Nelson, beginning in 1912. Vining had built a 31,500 sq ft (2,930 m) garage in 1908 which was the largest garage in New Zealand at the time. A car assembly plant was established at the premises and shortly thereafter Vinings obtained licenses to import and assemble Cadillac, 38: 641:

with the original mechanism continued in use without major change and with complete interchangeability of parts until the end of the war. Hudson also manufactured millions of other weaponry and vehicle parts for the war effort. Hudson ranked 83rd among United States corporations in the value of World

239:

department store, who provided the necessary capital and gave permission for the company to be named after him. A total of eight Detroit businessmen formed the company on February 20, 1909, to produce an automobile which would sell for less than US$ 1,000 (equivalent to approximately $ 33,911 in 2023

1295:

vehicles from France. Along with Hudson and Essex, the plant later assembled Chevrolet and Rover vehicles. The business ceased when it was sold on 30 September 1927 upon W.G. Vining's retirement. Vining's son formed a new business, P. Vining & Scott, and continued the Hudson and Essex franchise,

1115:

Established in 1922, Sydney company Smith & Waddington set up motor vehicle body building operations for NSW and Queensland at premises on Parramatta Road, Camperdown. The company built "custom" car bodies which, by the terminology of the day, meant "built to an individual order and to a special

412:

brand line of automobiles; the line was originally for budget-minded buyers, designed to compete with Ford and Chevrolet, as opposed to the more up-scale Hudson line competing with Oldsmobile and Studebaker. Local coachbuilder Briggs Manufacturing introduced their first-of-its-kind closed coach body

657:

World War II forced the brothers to shelve their plans while the company shifted its focus to the war effort. When brothers Fred and Charles retired from GM in 1944 they revived the Hudson takeover idea with the view of establishing new, independent automobile manufacturing operations. The brothers

296:

On 1 July 1926, Hudson's new US$ 10 million ($ 172,105,263 in 2023 dollars ) body plant was completed where the automaker could now build the all-steel closed bodies for both the Hudson and Essex models. Biddle and Smart continued to build aluminum body versions of the Hudson line and were marketed

1040:

and their sales were lagging. Together with AMC's chief engineer Meade Moore, Romney had completely phased out the Nash and Hudson brands at the end of 1957. The decision to retire the brands came so quickly that preproduction photographs of the eventual 1958 Rambler Ambassador show both Nash- and

1182:

about Australian car sales from 1932 until 1949 noted that Hudson vehicles (including Essex and Terraplane) totaled 10,424 units during the 17-years, coming in at 13th place overall. It was noted in the report generally that all marques in Australia experienced the greatest number of sales before

725:

In 1948, the company launched its "step-down" bodies, which lasted through the 1954 model year. The term step-down referred to Hudson's placement of the passenger compartment down inside the perimeter of the frame; riders stepped down onto a floor that was surrounded by the perimeter of the car's

262:

The new Hudson "Twenty" was one of the first low-priced cars on the American market and became successful with 4,508 sold the first year. This was the best first year's production in the history of the automobile industry and put the newly formed company in 17th place industry-wide, "a remarkable

1479:, featured a collection of restored Hudsons. Eldon Hostetler was an inventor who owned a Hudson as a teenager and later purchased Hudson cars and restored them. The museum closed in 2018 after the Hudson Automobile Museum Board voted in favor of closing the museum and liquidating the collection. 1198:

Canadian assembly of Hudson vehicles commenced in 1932 by Hudson Motors of Canada in Tilbury, Ontario. The factory building was owned by Canadian Top & Body Co. which built the motor bodies for the vehicles. The first models assembled were a series of Hudson Eights. World War II interrupted

1031:

The last Hudson rolled off the Kenosha assembly line on June 25, 1957, although at that time there were proposals of continuing the Hudson and Nash names into the 1958 model year on the Rambler chassis as deluxe, longer-wheelbase senior models. The combined Nash and Hudson production volume was

1440:

After the Hudson and Nash merger, the British company became a subsidiary of American Motors Corporation and was renamed Rambler Motors (A.M.C.) Limited in 1961, taking over from Nash Concessionaires Ltd. as the importer of AMC's new Rambler vehicles. The company imported AMC vehicles, many in

1018:

The Wasp used the 202 cu in (3.3 L) L-head Jet Six engine (up to 130 hp ) and this model (in sedan version) was Hudson's top seller. For 1957, Hudson dropped the shorter-wheelbase Wasp line, selling only the Hornet Custom and Super, which featured a lowered profile and

255:, would later be president of Hudson-Nash descendant American Motors Corporation in the 1960s). The company quickly started production, with the first car driven out of a small factory in Detroit on July 3, 1909, at Mack Avenue and Beaufait Street on the East Side of Detroit, occupying the old 1174:

After the end of World War II, Australia legislated to restrict the use of U.S. dollars which were in desperately short supply. The use of U.S. dollars to import cars thereafter required a government permit restricting the purchase of American cars only to those with access to U.S. funds held

1064:

in many countries making the Hudson marque well-known internationally as well as domestically. In its 1929 report, the banking house Garden Detroit Company reported that in 1928 Hudson shipped 50,587 vehicles overseas, or 17.9% of total production. By March 1929 Hudson had topped all previous

1158:

as well as acting as a second source of supply for New South Wales and Queensland. Holden's Motor Body Builders also built bodies. Holden's records show that for 1927 the Adelaide plant built 1,641 Essex vehicles and 8 Hudsons, and for 1928 a total of 1,931 Essex vehicles and 59 Hudsons were

293:. The lucrative contract with Hudson would see Biddle and Smart buy up many smaller local coachbuilders to meet the Hudson demand. Peak shipments came in 1926, when the company delivered 41,000 bodies to Hudson. An inability to stamp steel meant that their products were made using aluminum. 579:

automatic transmission, Hudson introduced its "Drive-Master" system. Drive-Master was a more sophisticated combination of the concepts used in the Electric Hand and the automatic clutch. It contained a vacuum-powered module on the transmission to switch between second and third gear and a

907:, president of Packard, for parts-sharing arrangements between AMC and Packard. At this time AMC did not have its own V8 engine and an agreement was made for the new 320 cu in (5.2 L) Packard V8 engine and Packard's Ultramatic automatic transmission to be used in the 1955 592:

in 1939, one of America's first female automotive designers. Her contributions to the 1941 Hudson included exterior trim with side lighting, interior instrument panel, interiors and interior trim fabrics. She designed for Hudson from 1939 into 1941, leaving the company when she married

992:

models under the Hudson brand. A total of 4,357 Metropolitans were sold as "Hudson." When sold by Hudson dealers, both cars were identified as Hudson vehicles via hood/grille emblems and horn buttons. Hudson Ramblers also received "H" symbols on fuel filler caps (and, in 1956, also on

1022:

George W. Romney felt that Hudson and Nash were no longer relevant players in the automotive market and retired both names at the end of the 1957 model year production. Both Rambler and Metropolitan became makes in their own right, and no longer were identified as Hudson or Nash.

1207:

Hudson and Essex vehicles were assembled in Berlin, Germany, during the 1920s by Hudson Essex Motors Company m.b.H Berlin-Spandau. The cars were built with the speedometer in kilometers, while the fuel, oil, and temperature gauges remained in their original non-metric units.

957:

Although the 1955 Hudson used the inner body shell of the Nash, the car incorporated a front cowl originally designed by Spring and the Hudson team to be put on the 1954 Step-Down platform. The 1955 models also used the Hudson dashboard, "triple safe brakes" and the Nash

356:" (1916), to work at a higher rotational speed while remaining smooth, developing more power for its size than lower-speed engines. The Super Six was the first engine built by Hudson, previously Hudson had developed engine designs and then had them manufactured by 1112:, Daimler, and Buick passenger vehicles as well as Lacre and Halley commercial vehicles. Motor bodies were produced by Messrs Henderson, Boulton, and Kirkham in Regent Street, Sydney. The company also did trimming, fitting, painting, mechanical work, and repairs. 1035:

American Motors' president, George W. Romney, concluded that the only way to compete with the "Big Three" was to stake the future of AMC on a new smaller-sized car line. Neither Hudson nor Nash brand names had as much positive market recognition as the successful

1170:

In 1939 Dalgety sold their automotive business to agent for Packard motor vehicles, Ira L. & A.C Berk in Sydney, which thereafter became the distributors for Hudson in NSW and QLD. The company opened a manufacturing plant in Belmore, Sydney in February 1949.

574:

gears. Wheelbases increased by 3 inches, with offerings of 116, 121, and 128 inches, and height was decreased with flatter roofs. Convertibles now had a power-operated top. Big Boy trucks now used the 128-inch wheelbase. In 1942, as a response to General Motors'

662:, Hudson's main stockholder, offering to buy. Using an intermediary, Queen Wilhelmina expressed her interest in selling, prompting the Fisher brothers to begin devoting time to Hudson and their plant in anticipation of a deal. When news of these events reached 891:

building rebadged Nash cars with the Hudson brand name. Nash would focus most of its marketing resources on its smaller Rambler models, and Hudson would focus its marketing efforts on its full-sized cars. The first Hudson model to terminate production was the

1397:

in Brentford. The plant opened in 1927 and a year later a three-story building was built as a service department for Hudson and Essex vehicles. The factory assembled the vehicle chassis locally, but the bodies were imported as complete units from Detroit.

432:. For 1932 and 1933, the restyled cars were named Essex-Terraplane; from 1934 as Terraplane, until 1938 when the Terraplane was renamed the Hudson 112. Hudson also began assembling cars in Canada, contracting Canada Top and Body to build the cars in their 1303:

New Zealand car sales for the first nine months of 1927 saw Essex in third place with 898 vehicles sold, behind Chevrolet in second place with 1,100 vehicles sold, and Ford in first place with 1651 vehicles sold. Hudson made 12th place with 206 sales.

726:

frame. The result was not only a safer car, and greater passenger comfort as well, but, through a lower center of gravity, a good handling car. In time almost all U.S. automakers would embrace it as a means of building bodies. Automotive author

1166:

In February 1934 Ruskins Body Works of West Melbourne secured the contract to build Hudson and Terraplane bodies for the whole of Australia. In June 1937, Neal's Motors celebrated assembling its 30,000th automobile: a 1937 Hudson Terraplane.

297:

by Hudson as "custom-built" although they were the same as the steel-body vehicles. With Hudson now building in-house, Biddle and Smart saw their work for Hudson drop by 60%. From 1927 Hudson gradually began to utilize local coachbuilders

2050: 954:, and Frank Spring. Common-body shell production for competing makes of automobiles was a manufacturing technique that had been used by the Big Three for decades. Anderson set up separate design studios for Nash, Hudson, and Rambler. 1175:

overseas such as consular staff and visiting entertainers. Despite this, Australian distributors of Hudson, Nash, Packard, and Studebaker were able to bring in limited numbers of US-built, factory right-hand-drive vehicles from 1946.

1405:

Hudson's new Terraplane model was equally as popular in the U.K. as it was in the United States. English-designed and built bodies were built on the Terraplane frames and the cars were entered in many automobile races including the

1326:

After the Hudson and Nash marques were discontinued by American Motors Corporation, VW Motors assembled AMC's new Rambler motor vehicles at its new Otahuhu Volkswagen plant from 1958 until 1962. AMC formed an agreement in 1963 with

439:

An optional accessory on some 1935–1938 Hudson and Terraplane models was a steering column-mounted electric gear pre-selector and electro-mechanical automatic shifting system, known as the "Electric Hand", manufactured by the

4289: 2754: 463:

cast as a unit and fitted with two cylinder heads. A 2.75-inch bore and 4.5-inch stroke displaced 218.8 cu in (3.6 L) developing 80 hp (60 kW; 81 PS) at 3,600 rpm with the standard 5.78:1

1389:

In 1922 Hudson-Essex Motors of Great Britain Limited was formed, with new premises on Dordrecht Road, in Acton Vale. Over 100 agents were appointed to sell the vehicles resulting in 2,000 sales in the next 12 months.

2279: 309:

and the costs to transport vehicles from Massachusetts to Detroit becoming too expensive, the contract with Biddle and Smart was terminated in 1930, and Biddle and Smart went out of business shortly thereafter.

4970: 1401:

From 1932, the bodies came over from the United States in sections to be assembled at the Great West Road factory. After the Essex marque was retired in 1932 the British company was renamed Hudson Motors Ltd.

886:

The Hudson factory, located in Detroit, Michigan, was converted to military contract production at the end of the model year, and the remaining three years of Hudson production took place at the Nash plant in

562:

model was reintroduced as well. Despite all these changes, Hudson's sales for 1940 were lower than in 1939 and the company lost money again. The advent of military contracts the following year brought relief.

636:

with the Jefferson Avenue Plant, on Jefferson Avenue and Connor Avenue, responsible for converting the original Swiss drawings to American production standards. The company produced 33,201 Oerlikons for the

6990: 1944: 1010:

With a wider front track than Nash used, Hudson was the better handling car and was powered by the famed 308 cu in (5.05 L) Hornet Six with the optional high-compression cylinder head and

7005: 1315:. Production ended when the company was acquired by Standard-Triumph International in 1954. Hudson production then went to Motor Holdings Ltd which had been founded in 1936 as the Zealand franchise of 6995: 632:

for one large eastern airplane builder. The plant was capable of large scale production of wings and ailerons as well as other airplane parts. On May 22, 1941, Hudson was given a contract for the

7010: 2305: 2034: 7030: 1248:

of Wellington which began operations in 1912. Dominion Motors amalgamated with Universal Motor Company of Christchurch in 1919 forming an assembly operation for Hudson and Essex as well as

554:

The 1939 models joined other American cars in the use of a column-mounted gearshift lever. This freed front-seat passenger space and remained the industry standard through the 1960s, when "

5583: 1048:

Eventually, however, something close to the Hudson design was chosen for the 1958 Rambler Ambassador. Hudson brand enthusiasts will note the triangular grille guard and 1957-like fender "

4284:

Hudson, Hornet, Wasp, Pacemaker, Super 6, Super 8, 308, 262. 254, 232, Flathead 6 engine, Hollywood, Club Sedan, Twin H, Cater Carburetor, Smoky Yurnik, Bernie Siegfried, HET Club, Texas

1704: 848:

military contracts kept the company solvent. On March 20, 1954, the Hudson Motor Car Company reported a loss of $ 10,411,060 in 1953 as compared with a profit of $ 8,307,847 in 1952.

7000: 4963: 6621: 5024: 2742: 3773: 2516: 1417:

A triangular site from the railway was developed in 1926 for a new Hudson-Essex factory. This was the first major industrial facility and became a major employer along the

7025: 2275: 566:

The 1941 Hudsons retained the front-end styling of the 1940 models but the bodies were new with 5.5 inches added to their length giving more legroom. A new manual 3-speed

6668: 4956: 4067: 2426: 1007:, which resulted in the "V-Line" styling motif, a combination of "V" motifs that carried Hudson's triangular corporate logo theme. Sales fell below the 1955 figures. 588:

As the role of women increased in car-purchase decisions, automakers began to hire female designers. Hudson, wanting a female perspective on automotive design, hired

1414:

and another Pacemaker took 7th place in the 1932 Torquay Rally. The Team Award was won by two Terraplane tourers and a Terraplane saloon in the 1933 Scottish Rally.

918:. However further talks of a merger between AMC and Studebaker-Packard were cut short when Mason died on October 8, 1954. A week after his death, Mason's successor, 7020: 6313: 4182: 278:

with 223,500 square feet and opened on October 29, 1910. Production in 1911 increased to 6,486. For 1914, Hudsons for the American market were now left-hand drive.

6626: 3576: 3550:

Alles einsteigen! Die Revolution des Verkehrswesens. Über 150 Jahre Eisenbahngeschichte; Technische Entwicklung; Einfluß auf die Wirtschaft; Politische Bedeutung

1928: 896:. The new company could then focus on the more successful Nash Rambler. Henceforth, Hudson dealers would have badge-engineered versions of the Nash Rambler and 710: 666:, the price of Hudson stock skyrocketed with the consensus by investors that a Fisher takeover would be the best thing for Hudson. However, the Fisher brothers 3554:

Board everything! The revolution in transportation. Over 150 years of railway history; Technical development; influence on the economy; political significance

2546: 1065:

production figures having exported 44,295 cars in March alone, bringing the total of shipments for the first quarter of 1929 to an all-time high of 108,298.

6980: 2114: 368: 3874: 3493: 1636:

How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States: Addenda et Corrigenda

2237: 1437:, and the A4 Great West Road) also became known as "Hudson's Corner." After World War II, the property was used by the Kelvinator Refrigerator Company. 4229: 3072: 2301: 981:-designed and -built 320 cu in (5.2 L) engine rated at 208 hp (155 kW). All cars with the Packard V8 also came with Packard's 4316: 621:, including aircraft parts and naval engines as well as anti-aircraft guns. The Hudson "Invader" engine powered many of the landing craft used on the 3667: 1583: 6975: 5233: 4979: 3362: 1469: 6711: 6143: 3697: 3632: 3526: 6636: 3232: 313:

At their peak in 1929, Hudson and Essex produced a combined 300,000 cars in one year, including contributions from Hudson's other factories in

4093: 6333: 5211: 4008: 3015: 2880: 2787: 2725: 2691: 2666: 2420: 2188: 2044: 1982: 1938: 1799: 1765: 1738: 1000:

In 1956, ex-Hudson president A.E Barit resigned from the Board in protest over the likelihood that Hudson would be phased out of production.

1692: 1319:. After Jowett's closure in the United Kingdom in 1954, Motor Holdings won the Volkswagen franchise, and its Auckland operation was renamed 6898: 6590: 6491: 4937: 3922: 3470: 829: 1671: 2793: 543:

In 1936, Hudson revamped its cars, introducing a new "radial safety control" / "rhythmic ride" suspension which suspended the live front

6308: 5000: 1323:

for the production of VWs in New Zealand. VW Motors assembled Hudsons as a secondary line. Some were fully imported as special orders.

2204: 1905: 5945: 5105: 4686: 1328: 1320: 1312: 1245: 4141: 2956: 1410:. Some of the cars entered were driven by personnel from the Great West Road factory. A Hudson Pacemaker won first place in the 1931 6970: 6476: 6454: 5725: 4290:

allcarsmanuals.com/ workshop, information bulletins, electrical schematics and all technical manuals for all models of Hudson cars.

3765: 2092: 702: 4250: 2841: 1656:

How Much Is That in Real Money? A Historical Price Index for Use as a Deflator of Money Values in the Economy of the United States

6931: 6631: 6464: 6369: 6359: 6318: 6298: 2508: 2379: 486:

The new eights were the only engine offering in the Hudson line, supplanting the Super Six, which continued in the Essex models.

3005: 2122: 1382:

Hudsons were introduced to the United Kingdom in 1911. No shipments were possible during the First World War but as soon as the

1374: 6842: 6606: 6469: 5517: 4879: 3948: 1755: 802: 2147: 1123:

In 1926 a new company, Leader Motors Limited was formed to be the exclusive distributor of Hudson and Essex motor vehicles in

883:. George W. Mason became CEO and president of AMC while Hudson's president, A.E. Barit retired to become an AMC board member. 513: 6099: 5885: 5715: 4160: 4059: 3975: 915: 4193: 1041:

Hudson-badged versions. The Rambler brand was selected for further development and promotion while focusing exclusively on

305:

to supplement Hudson's production which was expanding domestically and internationally. With car prices falling due to the

6303: 6084: 6079: 5775: 5164: 4309: 1454: 1216: 963: 663: 659: 529: 302: 2410: 797:

consecutive wins in one racing season) still stand even today. Hudson cars also did very well in races sanctioned by the

6528: 6402: 6323: 5905: 5488: 5398: 4995: 1663: 1643: 617:

As ordered by the Federal government, Hudson ceased auto production from 1942 until 1945 to manufacture material during

298: 4274: 4115: 3568: 1347:

Beginning in the 1920s, Hudson and Willys motor vehicles were assembled in South Africa from right-hand-drive complete

741:

For the 1951 model year, the 6-cylinder engine received a new block with thicker walls and other improvements to boost

7035: 6873: 6704: 6506: 5626: 5611: 5588: 5483: 5130: 4651: 4631: 4325: 1434: 1187: 1159:

assembled. Holden's final year for Hudson and Essex production was in 1928, and in 1931 the company was bought out by

880: 184: 2354: 6349: 6288: 5710: 5695: 5578: 4884: 4869: 3734: 1288: 357: 267: 2538: 1228:

Two right-hand-drive 1954 Hudson Jetliners, either locally built or fully imported by Motor Holdings (New Zealand)

1081: 809:

in 1953. Often Hudsons finished in most of the top positions in races. Later, these cars met with some success in

7040: 6863: 6616: 5910: 5705: 5665: 5344: 5278: 5120: 1449:

For the 1970 model year, American Motors revived the "Hornet" model name for its new series of compact cars (the

1280: 274:

plant. The land was the former farm of D.J. Campau. It was designed by the firm of renowned industrial architect

266:

Successful sales volume required a larger factory. A new facility was built on a 22-acre (8.9 ha) parcel at

256: 1232: 934: 479:

vibration damper. Four rubber blocks were used at engine mount points. A valveless oil pump improved the Hudson

6985: 6919: 6364: 6283: 6173: 6153: 6054: 6027: 5700: 5478: 4927: 4302: 3843: 1358:

After the formation of American Motors Corporation in 1954, NMA continued to assemble AMC Ramblers until 1967.

3870: 678: 609: 3817: 2233: 6746: 6328: 6205: 5977: 5445: 4833: 1394: 476: 322: 275: 199: 1116:

design." In addition to assembling Hudson and Essex for Dalgety, the company also built vehicle bodies for

6893: 6832: 6697: 6354: 6293: 6094: 6032: 5900: 5802: 5750: 5288: 5115: 3655: 1575: 1308: 855:

compact car line failed to capture buyers in its second straight year, Hudson CEO A.E. Barit engaged with

828:

the smaller U.S. automakers, such as Hudson and Nash, found it increasingly difficult to compete with the

757: 376: 232: 207: 136: 3354: 2815: 2620: 2594: 2568: 1386:

was signed exports resumed to the U.K. Hudsons and Essex vehicles were sold through ten concessionaires.

6559: 6486: 5992: 5935: 5815: 5500: 5366: 5194: 5152: 5100: 5080: 4218: 3064: 2482: 985:

automatic transmission as an option for $ 494 with the Nash 3-speed manual was also available at $ 295.

814: 718:

Production resumed after the war and included a 128 in (3,251 mm) wheelbase three-quarter-ton

633: 490: 456: 392: 1351:

sourced from Canada by Stanley Motors at their plant, National Motor Assemblers (NMA), in Natalspruit (

1186:

In 1960, six years after the merger of Hudson and Nash-Kelvinator to form American Motors Corporation,

1147: 686: 3689: 1073: 285:

built bodies for Hudson cars (as well as many other automotive marques) until they were bought out by

6801: 6756: 6574: 6397: 6119: 6022: 5982: 5962: 5920: 5895: 5860: 5842: 5653: 5310: 5157: 4737: 4676: 3624: 3518: 2452:. Vol. VII, no. 50. San Bernardino, California. Associated Press. 21 March 1954. p. 1. 1552: 1476: 1143: 1037: 841: 727: 436:, plant. In England, Terraplanes built at the Brentford factory were still being advertised in 1938. 3224: 1224: 1146:

by Neal's Motors of Port Melbourne in 1927. The contract to build the bodies was initially given to

1089: 7060: 7055: 7050: 7045: 7015: 6847: 6776: 6183: 6178: 6168: 6131: 6049: 6039: 5997: 5940: 5880: 5850: 5755: 5539: 5354: 5305: 4990: 4894: 4807: 4089: 3818:"Hudson 108 A 'Right Size' Car with Right-hand Automatic Transmission (advertisement) South Africa" 1465: 1430: 1422: 1117: 1060:

Hudson, Essex, and Terraplane vehicles were either exported as complete cars or locally built from

943: 589: 349: 271: 6674: 1612: 6888: 6538: 6513: 6496: 6255: 6158: 6136: 5925: 5810: 5785: 5770: 5636: 5376: 5339: 5147: 5125: 5038: 4762: 4752: 4712: 4592: 4468: 4432: 3871:"Motor Assemblies Limited: A small South African Assembly Plant that became a major Manufacturer" 1508: 1426: 1276: 951: 888: 833: 638: 597:, then a designer for Cadillac. He later became head of the design team at Ford that created the 480: 441: 409: 330: 3598: 2276:"Despite lingering mystery of its origins, Rod Hoffman's X-8 receives automotive heritage award" 1816: 1135:

in Brisbane. In its main facility of Adelaide, Holden also made motor bodies for Austin, Buick,

694: 547:

from two steel bars, as well as from leaf springs. Doing this allowed the use of longer, softer

1654: 1634: 1366: 1097:

Hudson vehicles were imported into Australia in 1913 by Brisbane company McGhie Motor Company.

6781: 6641: 6611: 6501: 6449: 6069: 6059: 5837: 5832: 5790: 5730: 5670: 5621: 5573: 5512: 5433: 5403: 5349: 5238: 5184: 4828: 4767: 4742: 4401: 4176: 3011: 2876: 2783: 2777: 2721: 2687: 2662: 2416: 2184: 2180: 2174: 2040: 1978: 1934: 1795: 1789: 1761: 1734: 1483: 1458: 1457:

in the Dodge model line and ultimately did so for the 2023 model year with a car based on the

1418: 1407: 1393:

In 1926 a factory was built on a 4.5 acres (1.8 ha) property next to the recently opened

1339: 1151: 989: 897: 825: 798: 622: 465: 252: 2011: 1139:, Cleveland, Dodge, Fiat, Oakland, Oldsmobile, Overland, Reo, Studebaker, and Willys Knight. 6796: 6786: 6741: 6245: 6215: 6104: 5890: 5827: 5735: 5551: 5460: 5248: 4792: 4782: 4747: 4535: 4494: 4489: 4453: 3462: 1893: 1650: 1630: 1540: 1531: 1355:). After World War II, NMA built Austin, Standard, and Triumph vehicles at different times. 1190:(AMI) of Port Melbourne would form an agreement with AMC to assemble Ramblers in Australia. 977:

For the first time, Hudson offered a V8 engine starting for the 1955 model year. It was the

971: 919: 559: 433: 353: 306: 290: 4948: 2948: 6837: 6523: 6427: 6387: 6260: 6109: 5972: 5867: 5720: 5371: 5263: 5216: 5090: 5075: 5070: 5055: 5043: 4823: 4787: 4777: 4757: 4732: 4671: 4514: 4458: 4278: 1514: 1261: 1128: 1109: 1105: 947: 908: 860: 856: 453: 428:

brand name. The new line was launched on July 21, 1932, with a promotional christening by

180: 105: 95: 3332: 1015:

manifold ("Twin-H Power"); the Twin H would disappear at the end of the 1956 model year.

344:, the use of dashboard oil-pressure and generator warning lights, and the first balanced 2088: 1606: 400: 215: 6569: 6533: 6481: 6444: 6235: 6148: 5957: 5660: 5606: 5455: 5388: 5253: 5221: 5169: 5110: 4874: 4843: 4838: 4463: 4448: 4391: 4346: 3410: 3384: 3306: 3254: 3198: 3172: 3146: 3094: 2978: 2922: 2896: 2849: 2656: 2387: 1526: 1453:). AMC was later purchased by Chrysler, which at one time considered reintroducing the 1411: 1348: 1265: 1160: 1061: 1052:" and the fast-selling 1958 Rambler Customs wore 1957 Hudson-styled front-fender trim. 1049: 904: 903:

One of the first things Mason did as CEO of the new company was to initiate talks with

837: 750: 429: 417:, and combined Hudson and Essex sales moved from seventh in the U.S. to third by 1925. 286: 248: 3436: 3280: 3120: 3038: 670:

fell short of Hudson's sudden increased market value and the deal did not go through.

6964: 6903: 6883: 6827: 6766: 6761: 6422: 6225: 6210: 6163: 5987: 5930: 5765: 5690: 5675: 5408: 5381: 5258: 5140: 5085: 4797: 4727: 4717: 4707: 4519: 4499: 4473: 4381: 1966: 1536: 1500: 1297: 1004: 923: 790: 768: 244: 141: 3896: 1971: 1868: 1842: 1482:

A restored Hudson Dealership sign still occupies its original site on Highway 32 in

1331:(CMI) of Thames to assemble Ramblers, production of which ran from 1964 until 1971. 384: 270:

and Conner Avenue in Detroit's Fairview section that was diagonally across from the

6791: 6751: 6459: 6250: 6017: 5952: 5685: 5283: 5268: 5199: 5065: 4889: 4636: 4577: 2151: 2072: 1272: 1241: 868: 786: 719: 667: 618: 598: 469: 4156: 289:

in 1919. From 1923, Hudson bodies were built exclusively by Massachusetts company

6868: 6822: 6806: 6678: 6564: 6230: 5780: 5745: 5648: 5616: 5534: 5413: 5273: 4909: 4802: 4722: 4691: 4666: 4597: 4587: 4582: 4567: 4396: 4386: 4371: 4361: 4356: 4119: 3795: 2327: 1491: 1421:. Other firms followed to establish what became known as the "Golden Mile." The 1316: 1101: 1042: 959: 864: 810: 806: 782: 772: 730:

described the step-down models as the greatest autos of the era in articles for

651: 567: 555: 548: 521: 414: 282: 236: 17: 4033: 6908: 6878: 6771: 6657:

Company still exists but is no longer in the automotive manufacturing business

6417: 6412: 6240: 6114: 5915: 5760: 5740: 5641: 5566: 5522: 5450: 5440: 5423: 5243: 5135: 5050: 4899: 4661: 4626: 4611: 4572: 4509: 4416: 4376: 4294: 1496: 1450: 1249: 1124: 1012: 982: 893: 852: 845: 754: 742: 576: 505: 472: 425: 345: 188: 172: 146: 48: 6946: 6933: 4223: 6064: 5875: 5797: 5361: 5327: 5189: 4551: 4504: 4411: 4406: 4366: 4271: 1383: 1284: 1136: 460: 421: 334: 6689: 3333:"Rambler Sales & Service - Ira L & AC Berk - Sydney (advertisement" 2483:"From Small Things: The Nash Metropolitan and the Birth of American Motors" 223: 6654:

Non-U.S. based parent company that owns subsidiaries headquartered in U.S.

2463: 475:

had eight integral counterweights, an industry first, and also employed a

5822: 5680: 5546: 5527: 5322: 5293: 5226: 5179: 5060: 4772: 4641: 1253: 1155: 629: 594: 263:

achievement at a time" when there were hundreds of makes being marketed.

120: 4283: 3742: 37: 6543: 6432: 6089: 6002: 5967: 5418: 5095: 4859: 4681: 4351: 2176:

Freedom's Forge: How American Business Produced Victory in World War II

1352: 1085:

Australian 1937 Hudson Terraplane with body built by Ruskin Motor Works

978: 628:

During World War II Hudson had also an aircraft division that produced

318: 314: 176: 159: 116: 1003:

For 1956, the design of the senior Hudsons was given over to designer

6518: 6437: 6124: 6044: 6010: 5428: 5393: 5317: 5298: 5206: 4864: 1179: 1132: 994: 776: 764: 746: 326: 3605:. Vol. LV, no. 16515. New Zealand. 10 June 1919. p. 7 2412:

Chronicle of the American automobile: over 100 years of auto history

2302:"The Shape of Speed: Some Unique American Automobiles (Photo Diary)" 942:

For 1955, both Hudson and Nash senior models were built on a common

497:(using a Winfield carburetor) finished the 200 laps in tenth place. 179:, Michigan, U.S., from 1909 until 1954. In 1954, Hudson merged with 6407: 6220: 6074: 5855: 5556: 5493: 5334: 5174: 4904: 3721:

Development options in the New Zealand motor car assembly industry

3494:"The Spirit Is Still Alive: American Motors Corporation 1954-1987" 1373: 1365: 1338: 1257: 1231: 1223: 1215: 1088: 1080: 1072: 967: 933: 767:

inline six-cylinder engine technology, made the company's 1951–54

709: 701: 693: 685: 677: 608: 571: 528: 520: 512: 504: 399: 391: 383: 375: 367: 341: 340:

Hudson had many firsts for the auto industry; these included dual

222: 214: 206: 198: 2873:

Storied Independent Automakers: Nash, Hudson, and American Motors

2779:

Storied Independent Automakers: Nash, Hudson, and American Motors

1791:

Storied Independent Automakers: Nash, Hudson, and American Motors

5561: 5033: 4656: 1292: 818: 544: 6693: 4952: 4298: 3569:"Exxez Restoration in East Germany During Socialist TimesEssex" 2036:

A Century of Automotive Style: 100 Years of American Car Design

329:. Hudson was the third largest U.S. car maker that year, after 203:

Hudson's first factory at Mack and Beaufait Avenues, 1909 photo

5505: 4230:"Hudson Motor Cars (with a spotlight on the 1936 Hudson cars)" 1150:

of Keswick, Adelaide to supply for Victoria, South Australia,

243:

One of the lead "car men" and an organizer of the company was

4208: 1307:

From 1935, Hudson vehicles (along with Nash, Studebaker, and

1264:. Vehicles were assembled and finished in-house from partial 879:

On May 1, 1954, Hudson merged with Nash-Kelvinator to become

793:

won in 1952. Some NASCAR records set by Hudson in the 1950s (

763:

Hudson's strong, light-weight bodies, combined with its high-

760:

was now optional in Hornets and Commodore Custom 6s and 8s.

4142:"What's next for the Hostetler's Hudson Museum collection?" 817:

worked to their advantage. Hudsons enjoyed success both in

4213: 2655:

Kimes, Beverly Rae; Clark, Henry Austin Jr., eds. (1985).

1757:

Roy D. Chapin: the man behind the Hudson Motor Car Company

1236:

1957 right-hand-drive Hudson Hornet V8 sedan (New Zealand)

2929:. Australia Queensland Bundaberg. 28 June 1913. p. 3 1370:

1928 Essex Tourer, built by Hudson-Essex Motors in London

235:, a Detroit department store entrepreneur and founder of 6991:

Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of the United States

3798:. South Africa: Franschhoek Motor Museum. 26 August 2015 3766:"The Empty Halls of New Zealand's Car Assembly Industry" 3010:. Rosenberg Publishing Pty, Limited. pp. 9–12, 23. 2150:. South Africa: Franschhoek Motor Museum. Archived from 2039:(Second ed.). Lamm-Morada Publishing. p. 193. 1104:

became the distributor of Hudson and Essex vehicles for

517:

1939 Hudson Country Club Six Series 93 Convertible Coupé

3255:"Ruskin's Big Contracts - Terraplane and Hudson Bodies" 3153:. Adelaide, South Australia. 25 August 1927. p. 19 2509:"This Day in History: Nash-Kelvinator and Hudson merge" 7006:

Vehicle manufacturing companies disestablished in 1954

187:(AMC). The Hudson name was continued through the 1957 6996:

Former components of the Dow Jones Industrial Average

6622:

List of automobiles manufactured in the United States

4014:. Helen Wilson Consultancy. December 2015. p. 19 3173:"Local Car Assembly - Hudson - Essex Plant Surprises" 2949:"Catalogue - Dalgety & Co. Ltd, Motor Cars, 1912" 2261:

The Weapons Acquisition Process: An Economic Analysis

613:

Hudson Motor Car Co. factory in Detroit, c. 1930–1945

4219:

Hudsonmotorcar.org: Canadian Hudson Motorcar website

3696:. Vol. LXIV, no. 19792. 12 November 1927. 7011:

Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1909

6856: 6815: 6734: 6599: 6583: 6552: 6382: 6342: 6276: 6269: 6196: 5597: 5469: 5020: 5009: 4852: 4816: 4700: 4619: 4560: 4544: 4528: 4482: 4441: 4425: 4339: 4332: 3949:"Fragments on forgotten makes: No. 23 Hudson-Essex" 2979:"Motors, Botors, and Aeroplanes - Hudson Light Six" 2718:

American Cars, 1960-1972: Every Model, Year by Year

155: 127: 112: 101: 90: 72: 54: 44: 4157:"Old Hudson Dealership Sign, Walnut St, Chico, CA" 3417:. Melbourne, Victoria. 27 November 1945. p. 6 3179:. Melbourne, Victoria. 24 October 1927. p. 16 2539:"Flameout: The Short, Sad Story of the Hudson Jet" 1970: 914:In July 1954, Packard acquired Studebaker to form 749:by 28.5% making Hudson a hot performer again. The 7031:Defunct manufacturing companies based in Michigan 3844:"1957 Hudson Hornet (advertisement) South Africa" 3437:"Servicing Obsolete Motors - Huge Australian Job" 3127:. Perth, Western Australia. 9 May 1926. p. 5 2658:The Standard Catalogue of American Cars 1805-1942 4118:. Hostetler's Hudson Auto Museum. Archived from 4060:"Driving; Hudsons Survive. The Dealer Does, Too" 3869:Compton, M.; Gallwey, T.J. (28 September 2011). 3723:. Wellington: NZ Institute of Economic Research. 3199:"Hudson-Terraplanes - Local Bodies in Fortnight" 1464:The last Hudson dealership was Miller Motors in 1220:1938 Hudson Terraplane convertible (New Zealand) 926:, and replaced the outsourced unit by mid-1956. 805:winning the 1952 AAA Stock Car Championship and 4009:"Chiswick Curve: Design & Access Statement" 3205:. Melbourne, Victoria. 11 June 1934. p. 18 2595:"Personnel: Changes of the Week, Oct. 25, 1954" 1570: 1568: 1566: 1441:factory right-hand-drive, well into the 1970s. 6627:National Highway Traffic Safety Administration 3927:Brentford & Chiswick Local History Society 3287:. Victoria, Australia. 25 June 1937. p. 4 2259:Peck, Merton J.; Scherer, Frederic M. (1962). 1624: 1622: 452:For the 1930 model year, Hudson debuted a new 7001:Motor vehicle manufacturers based in Michigan 6705: 4964: 4310: 3225:"Holden Body Builders Production 1927 - 1930" 2875:. Wayne State University Press. p. 127. 2782:. Wayne State University Press. p. 183. 2355:"Motoring Memories: Hudson Trucks, 1914–1957" 2001:, London: Greater London Council, circa 1983. 1869:"Murray Body Corp.; Murrray Corp. of America" 1794:. Wayne State University Press. p. 124. 1240:Hudson and Essex vehicles were imported into 8: 5584:Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing 1760:. Wayne State University Press. p. 98. 1283:, and Ford vehicles from the United States; 420:In 1932, Hudson began phasing out its Essex 30: 4198:(1911-1919) Hudson Motor Car, Volumes 1-13. 4181:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 3355:"History of Hudson Dealerships - Australia" 2842:"1950–1952 Rambler: The Low-Priced Rambler" 2415:. Publications International. p. 278. 2083: 2081: 1378:English-built 1934 Hudson Terraplane Tourer 824:As the post-war marketplace shifted from a 247:Sr., a young executive who had worked with 6712: 6698: 6690: 6273: 5017: 4971: 4957: 4949: 4336: 4317: 4303: 4295: 3656:"Early Nelson Motoring: the Vining Family" 3313:. Sydney, NSW. 13 January 1928. p. 14 1904:. Victoria County History: 131–144. 1982. 1576:"Still standing: the Aerocar/Hudson plant" 29: 7026:American companies disestablished in 1954 4251:"How J.L. Hudson changed the way we shop" 4214:Hetclub.org: Hudson-Essex-Terraplane Club 3101:. Brisbane, Qld. 10 June 1926. p. 16 2927:The Bundaberg Mail and Burnett Advertiser 1311:) were assembled by Christchurch company 4980:Automotive industry in the United States 3519:"History of Hudson Dealerships - Canada" 2661:(Second ed.). Krause Publications. 2448:"$ 10,411,060 Loss Reported by Hudson". 1894:"Ealing and Brentford: Economic history" 1754:Long, John C.; Hyde, Charles K. (2004). 1724: 1722: 1608:The City of Detroit, Michigan, 1701-1922 1535:video game series, is based on the 1951 3463:"Five Decades of Motoring in Australia" 2263:. Harvard Business School. p. 619. 2228: 2226: 1815:Theobald, Mark; Williams, Phil (2004). 1672:"Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–" 1562: 1077:Australian-market 1926 Essex Six Tourer 380:1929 Hudson Model R 4-Door Landau Sedan 7021:American companies established in 1909 6637:North American International Auto Show 4174: 4003: 4001: 3999: 3997: 3261:. Melbourne, Victoria. 5 February 1934 2903:. Sydney, NSW. 23 May 1929. p. 29 2089:"Obituary Elizabeth Anna (Betty) Oros" 2053:from the original on 15 September 2016 1933:. Arcadia Publishing SC. p. 116. 642:War II military production contracts. 321:; a factory had been built in 1925 in 5212:Growler Manufacturing and Engineering 4163:from the original on 15 February 2015 4096:from the original on 25 February 2016 4058:Blumberg, George P. (11 April 2003). 3045:. Australia. 13 June 1928. p. 17 2776:Hyde, Charles K. (15 November 2009). 2135:archived at: archive (period) is/VMuM 2012:"1931 International 500 Race Results" 1670:Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. 1108:. The company was also the agent for 988:Hudson dealers also sold Rambler and 900:compacts to sell as Hudson products. 7: 4933: 3923:"The Great West Road Then & Now" 2757:from the original on 22 October 2021 2481:Severson, Aaron (January 25, 2009). 2282:from the original on 24 January 2021 2115:"A Moment With Joe & Betty Oros" 1947:from the original on 22 October 2021 1898:A History of the County of Middlesex 1586:from the original on 1 December 2017 1525:, a recurring car model featured in 1475:The Hostetler Hudson Auto Museum in 1470:Ypsilanti Automotive Heritage Museum 821:trials and local dirt track events. 5001:Transportation in the United States 4249:Baulch, Vivian M. (December 2005). 3391:. Sydney. 11 April 1949. p. 16 3385:"Romance Behind Rise of Many Firms" 2959:from the original on 18 August 2019 2549:from the original on 18 August 2019 2519:from the original on 19 August 2019 2308:from the original on 17 August 2019 2148:"Hudson Commodore Six: The History" 2091:(in Romanian). biserica.org. 2001. 2033:Lamm, Michael; Holls, Dave (1996). 1142:Hudson and Essex assembly began in 396:1934 Hudson Eight Convertible Coupé 191:, after which it was discontinued. 6981:1954 disestablishments in Michigan 5106:Environmental Performance Vehicles 4155:avidCommish10 (11 November 2011). 3877:from the original on July 28, 2019 3556:] (in German). Bonn: Zeitbild. 3235:from the original on 2 August 2019 3075:from the original on 14 March 2019 2796:from the original on 3 August 2020 2386:. 5 September 2007. Archived from 1973:Cars: Early and Vintage, 1886-1930 1707:from the original on 18 April 2016 1611:. S.J. Clarke Publishing. p. 938:1957 Hornet Series 80 4-Door Sedan 875:1954 – Merger with Nash-Kelvinator 690:1949 Hudson Commodore 4-Door Sedan 570:transmission was quieter with all 25: 4272:Legends of NASCAR "Hudson Racing" 4209:Hudsonclub.org: "Hudson Car Club" 4070:from the original on 5 March 2016 3660:Nelson Historical Society Journal 3492:Quella, Chad (16 November 2020). 3065:"Tony & Wendy' 1929 Roadster" 2240:from the original on 3 March 2016 2234:"20mm Antiaircraft Gun Chapter V" 1908:from the original on 4 March 2016 1605:Burton, Clarence M., ed. (1922). 1343:1957 Hudson Hornet (South Africa) 6673: 6664: 6663: 6632:New York International Auto Show 6470:Cooper Tire & Rubber Company 6314:Kia Motors Manufacturing Georgia 4932: 4923: 4922: 4610: 4090:"Attractions in LaGrange County" 3776:from the original on 5 June 2019 3281:"Melbourne Plant's 30,000th Car" 2848:. 28 August 2007. Archived from 2464:"AMC Myths & AMC V8 Engines" 2429:from the original on 14 May 2016 2095:from the original on 24 May 2013 851:After the company's high-priced 682:1947 Commodore Eight Convertible 36: 6976:1909 establishments in Michigan 4687:Vehículos Automotores Mexicanos 3700:from the original on 2019-08-03 3670:from the original on 2019-09-03 3635:from the original on 2019-08-25 3625:"Vinings in the Motor Industry" 3579:from the original on 2019-03-14 3529:from the original on 2020-08-01 3473:from the original on 2019-04-18 3365:from the original on 2020-08-01 2304:. Daily Kos. 16 November 2018. 2274:Strohl, Daniel (20 June 2019). 1518:features a 1952 Hudson Hornet. 779:in 1951, 1952, 1953, and 1954. 459:cylinder engine with block and 408:In 1919, Hudson introduced the 227:1919 Hudson Phantom, 1919 photo 5716:Clydesdale Motor Truck Company 3764:Niall, Todd (6 October 2018). 2816:"Autos: Gamble on the Rambler" 2716:Flory Jr., J. "Kelly" (2004). 2121:. 24 June 2009. Archived from 1489:The 2006 film, Disney/Pixar's 1093:1955 Hudson Hornet (Australia) 916:Studebaker-Packard Corporation 404:1934 Hudson Terraplane K-coupe 171:made Hudson and other branded 1: 6080:North American Bus Industries 5165:General Dynamics Land Systems 3719:Rose, William Dennis (1971). 2985:. Sydney, NSW. 14 August 1915 2507:Sullivan, Kate (1 May 2013). 2075:to design the 1936 President. 1930:Detroit: A Motor City History 1495:, features a character named 1287:from the United Kingdom; and 1100:In 1915 the Sydney branch of 964:Harrison Radiator Corporation 660:Wilhelmina of the Netherlands 534: 303:Murray Corporation of America 211:1910 Hudson Model 20 Roadster 6403:American Expedition Vehicles 5399:Scuderia Cameron Glickenhaus 4996:Economy of the United States 3976:"60 years of the Terraplane" 3947:Boddy, Bill (October 1963). 2953:Museums Victoria Collections 2682:Dawes, Nathaniel D. (1975). 1733:. Motorbooks International. 1664:American Antiquarian Society 1644:American Antiquarian Society 1260:, Rolls-Royce, and (pre-GM) 1133:Holden's Motor Body Builders 826:seller's to a buyer's market 533:Hudson dealer in Louisiana, 299:Briggs Manufacturing Company 231:The name "Hudson" came from 6507:Proterra (bus manufacturer) 4880:Computerized engine control 4652:Industrias Kaiser Argentina 4632:Australian Motor Industries 4326:American Motors Corporation 3467:australiaforeveryone.com.au 3443:. Queensland. 25 March 1949 3147:"T. J. Richards & Sons" 2741:Railton, Art (April 1957). 2409:Flammang, James M. (1994). 2353:Vance, Bill (22 May 2009). 1927:Poremba, David Lee (2003). 1512:and 2018 racing video game 1506:The 2011 racing video game 1468:, which is now part of the 1188:Australian Motor Industries 881:American Motors Corporation 348:, which allowed the Hudson 185:American Motors Corporation 106:American Motors Corporation 7077: 6570:Rezvani Automotive Designs 5711:Checker Motors Corporation 4885:Cross Country (automobile) 4870:AMC and Jeep transmissions 3796:"Collection in Action – H" 3095:"New Company Hudson-Essex" 2720:. McFarland. p. 700. 1977:. Mason Crest Publishers. 1729:Butler, Donald F. (1982). 1550: 1127:. The bodies were made by 1019:slightly updated styling. 911:and Hudson Hornet models. 801:from 1952 until 1954 with 623:D-Day invasion of Normandy 358:Continental Motors Company 6917: 6727: 6650: 6617:Interstate Highway System 6370:Volkswagen (Westmoreland) 5706:Carbon Motors Corporation 5345:Global Electric Motorcars 5279:Millennium Luxury Coaches 4986: 4918: 4608: 3974:Boddy, Bill (July 1992). 3229:uniquecarsandparts.com.au 3043:The Sydney Morning Herald 3027:– via Google Books. 2765:– via Google Books. 2179:. Random House. pp. 1788:Hyde, Charles K. (2009). 1329:Campbell Motor Industries 35: 6971:Hudson Motor Car Company 6721:Hudson Motor Car Company 6334:Volkswagen (Chattanooga) 5701:Boulder Electric Vehicle 5101:Chenowth Racing Products 4224:Lost Marques.com: Hudson 3735:"Volkswagen New Zealand" 3708:– via Papers Past. 3654:Vining, Richard (2001). 3613:– via Papers Past. 2743:"Detroit Listening Post" 2211:. 15 May 1941. p. 5 1997:Greater London Council, 1499:, represented as a 1951 1313:Motor Assemblies Limited 946:using styling themes by 388:1931 Hudson 4-Door Sedan 169:Hudson Motor Car Company 31:Hudson Motor Car Company 6319:Mercedes-Benz (Alabama) 6206:Alpha Motor Corporation 5978:International Harvester 4834:Brampton Assembly (AMC) 3307:"Ira L. and A.C. BEerk" 2543:Mac's Motor City Garage 2236:. HyperWar Foundation. 2205:"Hudson ships ailerons" 2173:Herman, Arthur (2012). 1867:Theobald, Mark (2004). 1841:Theobald, Mark (2004). 1817:"Biddle & Smart Co" 1580:Mac's Motor City Garage 646:Fisher takeover attempt 60:; 115 years ago 6894:Fabulous Hudson Hornet 6874:American Motors merger 5289:Motor Coach Industries 3039:"Smith and Waddington" 3007:Comeng 1: 1921 to 1955 3004:Dunn, John C. (2006). 2871:Hyde, Charles (2009). 2684:The Packard: 1942-1962 1999:The West London Report 1379: 1371: 1344: 1237: 1229: 1221: 1148:TJ Richards & Sons 1094: 1086: 1078: 939: 785:won the 1951 and 1954 758:automatic transmission 736:Collectible Automobile 715: 714:Hudson Hornet race car 707: 699: 698:1951 Hornet Club Coupé 691: 683: 614: 590:Elizabeth Ann Thatcher 540: 526: 518: 510: 405: 397: 389: 381: 373: 228: 220: 212: 204: 78:; 70 years ago 6947:42.37222°N 82.95917°W 6560:Calty Design Research 6360:General Motors (list) 6299:General Motors (list) 6085:Oliver Farm Equipment 5195:Chevrolet Performance 5056:Amp Electric Vehicles 4449:Ambassador by Rambler 3897:"Hudson Essex Motors" 3548:Deutsche Bundesbahn. 3523:hudsonjet.hetclub.org 3359:hudsonjet.hetclub.org 2897:"Hudson Motor Car Co" 2569:"Autos: Merger No. 3" 1731:The History of Hudson 1377: 1369: 1349:knock-down (CKD) kits 1342: 1235: 1227: 1219: 1102:Dalgety & Co. Ltd 1092: 1084: 1076: 1056:International markets 966:-supplied lower cost 937: 815:power-to-weight ratio 775:champion, dominating 713: 705: 697: 689: 681: 634:Oerlikon 20 mm cannon 612: 532: 524: 516: 509:1938 Hudson 112 coupé 508: 491:1931 Indianapolis 500 403: 395: 387: 379: 371: 226: 218: 210: 202: 27:American auto company 6575:Wheego Electric Cars 3980:Motor Sport Magazine 3953:Motor Sport Magazine 3858:– via Flicker. 3832:– via Flicker. 3599:"A Powerful Company" 2390:on 30 September 2020 1477:Shipshewana, Indiana 372:1929 Hudson Roadster 364:Essex and Terraplane 6952:42.37222; -82.95917 6943: / 6909:Terraplane (marque) 6848:Betty Thatcher Oros 6729:1909-1957, Historic 4991:Automotive industry 4808:W. Paul Tippett Jr. 4195:The Hudson Triangle 4116:"A Driving Passion" 3567:Schweitzer, Hagen. 3411:"Hudson Car Models" 3389:The Daily Telegraph 3343:– via Flickr. 2380:"1956-1957 Rambler" 2154:on 20 February 2012 1466:Ypsilanti, Michigan 1435:South Circular Road 1431:North Circular Road 1423:Chiswick Roundabout 944:automobile platform 813:, where their high 652:Fisher Body Company 493:, Buddy Marr's #27 350:straight-six engine 272:Chalmers Automobile 219:1917 Hudson Phaeton 32: 7036:Brass Era vehicles 6514:Remy International 5340:Polaris Industries 5039:Challenger Tractor 4763:Charles T. Jeffery 4753:Jose Dedeurwaerder 4713:Edmund E. Anderson 4469:Rambler Six and V8 4277:2012-01-31 at the 4236:. 16 November 2020 4122:on 25 October 2016 4064:The New York Times 3955:. pp. 795–796 3694:New Zealand Herald 3451:– via Trove. 3425:– via Trove. 3399:– via Trove. 3321:– via Trove. 3295:– via Trove. 3269:– via Trove. 3213:– via Trove. 3187:– via Trove. 3161:– via Trove. 3135:– via Trove. 3109:– via Trove. 3053:– via Trove. 2993:– via Trove. 2937:– via Trove. 2911:– via Trove. 2901:The Catholic Press 2822:. 19 December 1955 2621:"Autos: New Entry" 2209:Milwaukee Sentinel 2125:on 8 December 2012 2014:. Racing-Reference 1509:Forza Motorsport 4 1427:Chiswick High Road 1380: 1372: 1345: 1238: 1230: 1222: 1095: 1087: 1079: 952:Edmund E. Anderson 940: 889:Kenosha, Wisconsin 753:-supplied 4-speed 745:by almost 18% and 716: 708: 700: 692: 684: 639:United States Navy 615: 541: 527: 519: 511: 481:splash lubrication 442:Bendix Corporation 406: 398: 390: 382: 374: 331:Ford Motor Company 229: 221: 213: 205: 6926: 6925: 6687: 6686: 6642:SAE International 6612:Chicago Auto Show 6502:Phoenix Motorcars 6378: 6377: 6309:Hyundai (Alabama) 6192: 6191: 6144:Twentieth Century 5838:Fisker Coachbuild 5833:Fisker Automotive 5622:American LaFrance 5617:American Electric 5404:SSC North America 5185:Cadillac V series 5131:ElDorado National 4946: 4945: 4829:Brampton Assembly 4768:Thomas B. Jeffery 4743:Roy D. Chapin Jr. 4738:François Castaing 4606: 4605: 4092:. backroads.org. 4038:gracesguide.co.uk 3921:Marshall, James. 3901:gracesguide.co.uk 3770:Sunday Star Times 3573:hudson-amc.org.au 3285:The Horsham Times 3069:hudson-amc.org.au 3017:978-1-877058-42-4 2882:978-0-8143-3446-1 2789:978-0-8143-4086-8 2747:Popular Mechanics 2727:978-0-7864-1273-0 2693:978-0-498-01353-9 2668:978-0-87341-111-0 2601:. 25 October 1954 2545:. 18 April 2018. 2487:Ate Up With Motor 2422:978-0-7853-0778-5 2190:978-1-4000-6964-4 2071:Studebaker hired 2046:978-0-932128-07-2 1984:978-1-59084-491-5 1940:978-0-7385-2435-1 1801:978-0-8143-3446-1 1767:978-0-8143-3184-2 1740:978-0-87938-696-2 1484:Chico, California 1459:Alfa Romeo Tonale 1425:(the junction of 1408:Monte Carlo Rally 1152:Western Australia 970:/compressor type 799:AAA Contest Board 728:Richard Langworth 706:1952 Hornet Sedan 525:1941 Hudson Coupé 466:compression ratio 251:. (Chapin's son, 165: 164: 76:July 4, 1954 58:May 25, 1909 16:(Redirected from 7068: 7041:Vintage vehicles 6958: 6957: 6955: 6954: 6953: 6948: 6944: 6941: 6940: 6939: 6936: 6904:Railton (marque) 6714: 6707: 6700: 6691: 6677: 6667: 6666: 6324:Subaru (Indiana) 6274: 6246:Lordstown Motors 6216:Bollinger Motors 6105:Sebring Vanguard 5843:Force Protection 5828:Fitch Four Drive 5461:Zero Motorcycles 5259:Lenco Industries 5249:Karma Automotive 5111:Equus Automotive 5018: 4973: 4966: 4959: 4950: 4936: 4935: 4926: 4925: 4793:George W. Romney 4783:Gerald C. Meyers 4748:Richard E. Cross 4614: 4536:M422 Mighty Mite 4337: 4319: 4312: 4305: 4296: 4268: 4266: 4264: 4255: 4245: 4243: 4241: 4187: 4186: 4180: 4172: 4170: 4168: 4152: 4146: 4145: 4138: 4132: 4131: 4129: 4127: 4112: 4106: 4105: 4103: 4101: 4086: 4080: 4079: 4077: 4075: 4055: 4049: 4048: 4046: 4044: 4034:"Rambler Motors" 4030: 4024: 4023: 4021: 4019: 4013: 4005: 3992: 3991: 3989: 3987: 3971: 3965: 3964: 3962: 3960: 3944: 3938: 3937: 3935: 3933: 3918: 3912: 3911: 3909: 3907: 3893: 3887: 3886: 3884: 3882: 3866: 3860: 3859: 3857: 3855: 3850:. 16 August 2018 3840: 3834: 3833: 3831: 3829: 3814: 3808: 3807: 3805: 3803: 3792: 3786: 3785: 3783: 3781: 3761: 3755: 3754: 3752: 3750: 3741:. Archived from 3739:volkswagen.co.nz 3731: 3725: 3724: 3716: 3710: 3709: 3707: 3705: 3686: 3680: 3679: 3677: 3675: 3651: 3645: 3644: 3642: 3640: 3621: 3615: 3614: 3612: 3610: 3595: 3589: 3588: 3586: 3584: 3564: 3558: 3557: 3545: 3539: 3538: 3536: 3534: 3515: 3509: 3508: 3506: 3504: 3489: 3483: 3482: 3480: 3478: 3459: 3453: 3452: 3450: 3448: 3433: 3427: 3426: 3424: 3422: 3407: 3401: 3400: 3398: 3396: 3381: 3375: 3374: 3372: 3370: 3351: 3345: 3344: 3342: 3340: 3329: 3323: 3322: 3320: 3318: 3303: 3297: 3296: 3294: 3292: 3277: 3271: 3270: 3268: 3266: 3251: 3245: 3244: 3242: 3240: 3221: 3215: 3214: 3212: 3210: 3195: 3189: 3188: 3186: 3184: 3169: 3163: 3162: 3160: 3158: 3143: 3137: 3136: 3134: 3132: 3117: 3111: 3110: 3108: 3106: 3091: 3085: 3084: 3082: 3080: 3061: 3055: 3054: 3052: 3050: 3035: 3029: 3028: 3026: 3024: 3001: 2995: 2994: 2992: 2990: 2975: 2969: 2968: 2966: 2964: 2945: 2939: 2938: 2936: 2934: 2923:"The Hudson Car" 2919: 2913: 2912: 2910: 2908: 2893: 2887: 2886: 2868: 2862: 2861: 2859: 2857: 2852:on 9 August 2020 2838: 2832: 2831: 2829: 2827: 2812: 2806: 2805: 2803: 2801: 2773: 2767: 2766: 2764: 2762: 2738: 2732: 2731: 2713: 2707: 2704: 2698: 2697: 2686:. A. S. Barnes. 2679: 2673: 2672: 2652: 2646: 2643: 2637: 2636: 2634: 2632: 2617: 2611: 2610: 2608: 2606: 2591: 2585: 2584: 2582: 2580: 2565: 2559: 2558: 2556: 2554: 2535: 2529: 2528: 2526: 2524: 2504: 2498: 2497: 2495: 2493: 2478: 2472: 2471: 2460: 2454: 2453: 2450:The Sun-Telegram 2445: 2439: 2438: 2436: 2434: 2406: 2400: 2399: 2397: 2395: 2376: 2370: 2369: 2367: 2365: 2350: 2344: 2343: 2341: 2339: 2328:"Fisher Body Co" 2324: 2318: 2317: 2315: 2313: 2298: 2292: 2291: 2289: 2287: 2271: 2265: 2264: 2256: 2250: 2249: 2247: 2245: 2230: 2221: 2220: 2218: 2216: 2201: 2195: 2194: 2170: 2164: 2163: 2161: 2159: 2144: 2138: 2137: 2132: 2130: 2111: 2105: 2104: 2102: 2100: 2085: 2076: 2069: 2063: 2062: 2060: 2058: 2030: 2024: 2023: 2021: 2019: 2008: 2002: 1995: 1989: 1988: 1976: 1963: 1957: 1956: 1954: 1952: 1924: 1918: 1917: 1915: 1913: 1890: 1884: 1883: 1881: 1879: 1864: 1858: 1857: 1855: 1853: 1843:"Briggs Mfg. Co" 1838: 1832: 1831: 1829: 1827: 1812: 1806: 1805: 1785: 1779: 1778: 1776: 1774: 1751: 1745: 1744: 1726: 1717: 1716: 1714: 1712: 1697:Cars & Parts 1689: 1683: 1682: 1680: 1678: 1667: 1661: 1647: 1641: 1626: 1617: 1616: 1602: 1596: 1595: 1593: 1591: 1582:. 25 July 2013. 1572: 1541:Hudson Super Six 1532:Grand Theft Auto 1180:Dunlop Australia 1129:South Australian 972:air conditioning 920:George W. Romney 658:contacted Queen 625:, June 6, 1944. 539: 538: 1930–1945 536: 434:Tilbury, Ontario 307:Great Depression 291:Biddle and Smart 268:Jefferson Avenue 233:Joseph L. Hudson 195:Company strategy 137:Joseph L. Hudson 86: 84: 79: 68: 66: 61: 40: 33: 21: 18:Hudson Motor Car 7076: 7075: 7071: 7070: 7069: 7067: 7066: 7065: 6986:American Motors 6961: 6960: 6951: 6949: 6945: 6942: 6937: 6934: 6932: 6930: 6929: 6927: 6922: 6913: 6869:Aircraft engine 6852: 6843:Marshall Teague 6838:George W. Mason 6811: 6747:Custom Brougham 6730: 6723: 6718: 6688: 6683: 6660: 6646: 6595: 6579: 6548: 6524:Shelby American 6390: 6388:performance car 6386: 6384: 6383:Auto component 6374: 6350:Chrysler (list) 6338: 6289:Chrysler (list) 6284:BMW Spartanburg 6265: 6261:Trion Supercars 6198: 6188: 5872:General Motors 5627:American Motors 5612:American Austin 5599: 5593: 5471: 5465: 5372:Holiday Rambler 5264:Lockheed Martin 5217:Harley-Davidson 5071:ATK motorcycles 5044:Massey Ferguson 5022: 5013: 5011: 5005: 4982: 4977: 4947: 4942: 4914: 4848: 4824:American Center 4812: 4788:Charles W. Nash 4778:George W. Mason 4758:Robert B. Evans 4733:Joseph E. Cappy 4696: 4672:Nash-Kelvinator 4615: 4602: 4556: 4540: 4524: 4478: 4437: 4421: 4328: 4323: 4279:Wayback Machine 4262: 4260: 4253: 4248: 4239: 4237: 4228: 4205: 4190: 4173: 4166: 4164: 4154: 4153: 4149: 4140: 4139: 4135: 4125: 4123: 4114: 4113: 4109: 4099: 4097: 4088: 4087: 4083: 4073: 4071: 4057: 4056: 4052: 4042: 4040: 4032: 4031: 4027: 4017: 4015: 4011: 4007: 4006: 3995: 3985: 3983: 3973: 3972: 3968: 3958: 3956: 3946: 3945: 3941: 3931: 3929: 3920: 3919: 3915: 3905: 3903: 3895: 3894: 3890: 3880: 3878: 3868: 3867: 3863: 3853: 3851: 3842: 3841: 3837: 3827: 3825: 3816: 3815: 3811: 3801: 3799: 3794: 3793: 3789: 3779: 3777: 3763: 3762: 3758: 3748: 3746: 3745:on 28 July 2017 3733: 3732: 3728: 3718: 3717: 3713: 3703: 3701: 3690:"New Car Sales" 3688: 3687: 3683: 3673: 3671: 3653: 3652: 3648: 3638: 3636: 3623: 3622: 3618: 3608: 3606: 3597: 3596: 3592: 3582: 3580: 3566: 3565: 3561: 3547: 3546: 3542: 3532: 3530: 3517: 3516: 3512: 3502: 3500: 3491: 3490: 3486: 3476: 3474: 3461: 3460: 3456: 3446: 3444: 3435: 3434: 3430: 3420: 3418: 3409: 3408: 3404: 3394: 3392: 3383: 3382: 3378: 3368: 3366: 3353: 3352: 3348: 3338: 3336: 3331: 3330: 3326: 3316: 3314: 3305: 3304: 3300: 3290: 3288: 3279: 3278: 3274: 3264: 3262: 3253: 3252: 3248: 3238: 3236: 3223: 3222: 3218: 3208: 3206: 3197: 3196: 3192: 3182: 3180: 3171: 3170: 3166: 3156: 3154: 3145: 3144: 3140: 3130: 3128: 3121:"Holden Bodies" 3119: 3118: 3114: 3104: 3102: 3093: 3092: 3088: 3078: 3076: 3063: 3062: 3058: 3048: 3046: 3037: 3036: 3032: 3022: 3020: 3018: 3003: 3002: 2998: 2988: 2986: 2977: 2976: 2972: 2962: 2960: 2947: 2946: 2942: 2932: 2930: 2921: 2920: 2916: 2906: 2904: 2895: 2894: 2890: 2883: 2870: 2869: 2865: 2855: 2853: 2846:How Stuff Works 2840: 2839: 2835: 2825: 2823: 2814: 2813: 2809: 2799: 2797: 2790: 2775: 2774: 2770: 2760: 2758: 2740: 2739: 2735: 2728: 2715: 2714: 2710: 2705: 2701: 2694: 2681: 2680: 2676: 2669: 2654: 2653: 2649: 2644: 2640: 2630: 2628: 2627:. 24 March 1954 2619: 2618: 2614: 2604: 2602: 2593: 2592: 2588: 2578: 2576: 2567: 2566: 2562: 2552: 2550: 2537: 2536: 2532: 2522: 2520: 2506: 2505: 2501: 2491: 2489: 2480: 2479: 2475: 2462: 2461: 2457: 2447: 2446: 2442: 2432: 2430: 2423: 2408: 2407: 2403: 2393: 2391: 2384:How Stuff Works 2378: 2377: 2373: 2363: 2361: 2352: 2351: 2347: 2337: 2335: 2326: 2325: 2321: 2311: 2309: 2300: 2299: 2295: 2285: 2283: 2273: 2272: 2268: 2258: 2257: 2253: 2243: 2241: 2232: 2231: 2224: 2214: 2212: 2203: 2202: 2198: 2191: 2172: 2171: 2167: 2157: 2155: 2146: 2145: 2141: 2128: 2126: 2119:Mustang Monthly 2113: 2112: 2108: 2098: 2096: 2087: 2086: 2079: 2070: 2066: 2056: 2054: 2047: 2032: 2031: 2027: 2017: 2015: 2010: 2009: 2005: 1996: 1992: 1985: 1965: 1964: 1960: 1950: 1948: 1941: 1926: 1925: 1921: 1911: 1909: 1892: 1891: 1887: 1877: 1875: 1866: 1865: 1861: 1851: 1849: 1840: 1839: 1835: 1825: 1823: 1814: 1813: 1809: 1802: 1787: 1786: 1782: 1772: 1770: 1768: 1753: 1752: 1748: 1741: 1728: 1727: 1720: 1710: 1708: 1693:"Hudson Motors" 1691: 1690: 1686: 1676: 1674: 1669: 1659: 1651:McCusker, J. J. 1649: 1639: 1631:McCusker, J. J. 1629: 1627: 1620: 1604: 1603: 1599: 1589: 1587: 1574: 1573: 1564: 1560: 1555: 1553:Hudson Vehicles 1549: 1515:Forza Horizon 4 1447: 1419:Great West Road 1395:Great West Road 1364: 1337: 1266:knock-down kits 1246:Dominion Motors 1214: 1205: 1196: 1106:New South Wales 1071: 1062:knock-down kits 1058: 1029: 1027:End of the line 932: 909:Nash Ambassador 877: 861:Nash-Kelvinator 857:George W. Mason 803:Marshall Teague 676: 648: 607: 586: 584:Female designer 537: 503: 450: 424:for the modern 366: 283:Fisher Body Co. 197: 181:Nash-Kelvinator 151: 130: 123:, United States 96:Nash-Kelvinator 82: 80: 77: 64: 62: 59: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7074: 7072: 7064: 7063: 7058: 7053: 7048: 7043: 7038: 7033: 7028: 7023: 7018: 7013: 7008: 7003: 6998: 6993: 6988: 6983: 6978: 6973: 6963: 6962: 6924: 6923: 6918: 6915: 6914: 6912: 6911: 6906: 6901: 6896: 6891: 6889:Essex (marque) 6886: 6881: 6876: 6871: 6866: 6860: 6858: 6854: 6853: 6851: 6850: 6845: 6840: 6835: 6830: 6825: 6819: 6817: 6813: 6812: 6810: 6809: 6804: 6799: 6794: 6789: 6784: 6779: 6774: 6769: 6764: 6759: 6754: 6749: 6744: 6738: 6736: 6732: 6731: 6728: 6725: 6724: 6719: 6717: 6716: 6709: 6702: 6694: 6685: 6684: 6682: 6681: 6671: 6659: 6658: 6655: 6651: 6648: 6647: 6645: 6644: 6639: 6634: 6629: 6624: 6619: 6614: 6609: 6603: 6601: 6600:Related topics 6597: 6596: 6594: 6593: 6587: 6585: 6581: 6580: 6578: 6577: 6572: 6567: 6562: 6556: 6554: 6553:Design studios 6550: 6549: 6547: 6546: 6541: 6536: 6531: 6526: 6521: 6516: 6511: 6510: 6509: 6499: 6494: 6489: 6484: 6482:Ingersoll Rand 6479: 6474: 6473: 6472: 6462: 6457: 6452: 6447: 6445:Detroit Diesel 6442: 6441: 6440: 6430: 6425: 6420: 6415: 6410: 6405: 6400: 6394: 6392: 6380: 6379: 6376: 6375: 6373: 6372: 6367: 6362: 6357: 6352: 6346: 6344: 6340: 6339: 6337: 6336: 6331: 6326: 6321: 6316: 6311: 6306: 6301: 6296: 6291: 6286: 6280: 6278: 6271: 6267: 6266: 6264: 6263: 6258: 6253: 6248: 6243: 6238: 6236:Faraday Future 6233: 6228: 6223: 6218: 6213: 6208: 6202: 6200: 6199:pre-production 6194: 6193: 6190: 6189: 6187: 6186: 6181: 6176: 6171: 6166: 6161: 6156: 6151: 6149:United Defense 6146: 6141: 6140: 6139: 6129: 6128: 6127: 6122: 6112: 6107: 6102: 6097: 6092: 6087: 6082: 6077: 6072: 6067: 6062: 6057: 6052: 6047: 6042: 6037: 6036: 6035: 6025: 6020: 6015: 6014: 6013: 6008: 6005: 6000: 5995: 5985: 5980: 5975: 5970: 5965: 5960: 5955: 5950: 5949: 5948: 5943: 5938: 5933: 5928: 5923: 5918: 5913: 5908: 5903: 5898: 5893: 5888: 5883: 5878: 5870: 5865: 5864: 5863: 5858: 5853: 5845: 5840: 5835: 5830: 5825: 5820: 5819: 5818: 5813: 5805: 5800: 5795: 5794: 5793: 5788: 5783: 5778: 5773: 5763: 5758: 5753: 5748: 5743: 5738: 5733: 5728: 5723: 5718: 5713: 5708: 5703: 5698: 5693: 5688: 5683: 5678: 5673: 5668: 5663: 5658: 5657: 5656: 5651: 5646: 5645: 5644: 5639: 5624: 5619: 5614: 5609: 5607:Allis-Chalmers 5603: 5601: 5595: 5594: 5592: 5591: 5586: 5581: 5576: 5571: 5570: 5569: 5564: 5559: 5554: 5544: 5543: 5542: 5532: 5531: 5530: 5520: 5515: 5510: 5509: 5508: 5498: 5497: 5496: 5486: 5481: 5475: 5473: 5467: 5466: 5464: 5463: 5458: 5456:VLF Automotive 5453: 5448: 5443: 5438: 5437: 5436: 5431: 5426: 5416: 5411: 5406: 5401: 5396: 5391: 5389:Rezvani Motors 5386: 5385: 5384: 5379: 5374: 5369: 5359: 5358: 5357: 5352: 5347: 5337: 5332: 5331: 5330: 5325: 5315: 5314: 5313: 5303: 5302: 5301: 5291: 5286: 5281: 5276: 5271: 5266: 5261: 5256: 5251: 5246: 5241: 5236: 5231: 5230: 5229: 5222:Ingersoll Rand 5219: 5214: 5209: 5204: 5203: 5202: 5197: 5192: 5187: 5182: 5177: 5170:General Motors 5167: 5162: 5161: 5160: 5155: 5145: 5144: 5143: 5138: 5133: 5128: 5123: 5113: 5108: 5103: 5098: 5093: 5088: 5083: 5078: 5073: 5068: 5063: 5058: 5053: 5048: 5047: 5046: 5041: 5030: 5028: 5015: 5007: 5006: 5004: 5003: 4998: 4993: 4987: 4984: 4983: 4978: 4976: 4975: 4968: 4961: 4953: 4944: 4943: 4941: 4940: 4930: 4919: 4916: 4915: 4913: 4912: 4907: 4902: 4897: 4895:Engines (list) 4892: 4887: 4882: 4877: 4875:Collier Motors 4872: 4867: 4862: 4856: 4854: 4853:Related topics 4850: 4849: 4847: 4846: 4844:Toledo Complex 4841: 4839:Kenosha Engine 4836: 4831: 4826: 4820: 4818: 4814: 4813: 4811: 4810: 4805: 4800: 4795: 4790: 4785: 4780: 4775: 4770: 4765: 4760: 4755: 4750: 4745: 4740: 4735: 4730: 4725: 4720: 4715: 4710: 4704: 4702: 4698: 4697: 4695: 4694: 4689: 4684: 4679: 4674: 4669: 4664: 4659: 4654: 4649: 4644: 4639: 4634: 4629: 4623: 4621: 4617: 4616: 4609: 4607: 4604: 4603: 4601: 4600: 4595: 4590: 4585: 4580: 4575: 4570: 4564: 4562: 4558: 4557: 4555: 4554: 4548: 4546: 4542: 4541: 4539: 4538: 4532: 4530: 4526: 4525: 4523: 4522: 4517: 4512: 4510:18i/Sportwagon 4507: 4502: 4497: 4492: 4486: 4484: 4480: 4479: 4477: 4476: 4471: 4466: 4461: 4456: 4451: 4445: 4443: 4439: 4438: 4436: 4435: 4429: 4427: 4423: 4422: 4420: 4419: 4414: 4409: 4404: 4399: 4394: 4389: 4384: 4379: 4374: 4369: 4364: 4359: 4354: 4349: 4343: 4341: 4334: 4330: 4329: 4324: 4322: 4321: 4314: 4307: 4299: 4293: 4292: 4287: 4281: 4269: 4258:The Hudson Hub 4246: 4226: 4221: 4216: 4211: 4204: 4203:External links 4201: 4200: 4199: 4189: 4188: 4147: 4133: 4107: 4081: 4050: 4025: 3993: 3966: 3939: 3913: 3888: 3861: 3835: 3824:. 17 July 2010 3809: 3787: 3756: 3726: 3711: 3681: 3646: 3629:theprow.org.nz 3616: 3590: 3559: 3540: 3510: 3484: 3454: 3428: 3402: 3376: 3346: 3324: 3298: 3272: 3246: 3216: 3190: 3164: 3138: 3112: 3099:The Daily Mail 3086: 3056: 3030: 3016: 2996: 2970: 2940: 2914: 2888: 2881: 2863: 2833: 2807: 2788: 2768: 2733: 2726: 2708: 2699: 2692: 2674: 2667: 2647: 2645:Flory, p. 672. 2638: 2612: 2586: 2575:. 28 June 1954 2560: 2530: 2499: 2473: 2455: 2440: 2421: 2401: 2371: 2345: 2332:coachbuilt.com 2319: 2293: 2266: 2251: 2222: 2196: 2189: 2165: 2139: 2106: 2077: 2064: 2045: 2025: 2003: 1990: 1983: 1967:Georgano, G.N. 1958: 1939: 1919: 1885: 1873:coachbuilt.com 1859: 1847:coachbuilt.com 1833: 1807: 1800: 1780: 1766: 1746: 1739: 1718: 1684: 1668:1800–present: 1618: 1597: 1561: 1559: 1556: 1551:Main article: 1548: 1545: 1527:Rockstar Games 1446: 1443: 1412:Scottish Rally 1363: 1362:United Kingdom 1360: 1336: 1333: 1213: 1210: 1204: 1201: 1195: 1192: 1183:World War II. 1161:General Motors 1070: 1067: 1057: 1054: 1028: 1025: 931: 928: 905:James J. Nance 876: 873: 732:Consumer Guide 675: 672: 647: 644: 606: 603: 585: 582: 502: 499: 495:Hudson Special 449: 446: 430:Amelia Earhart 365: 362: 352:, dubbed the " 287:General Motors 249:Ransom E. Olds 196: 193: 163: 162: 157: 153: 152: 150: 149: 144: 139: 133: 131: 128: 125: 124: 114: 110: 109: 103: 99: 98: 92: 88: 87: 74: 70: 69: 56: 52: 51: 46: 42: 41: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7073: 7062: 7059: 7057: 7054: 7052: 7049: 7047: 7044: 7042: 7039: 7037: 7034: 7032: 7029: 7027: 7024: 7022: 7019: 7017: 7014: 7012: 7009: 7007: 7004: 7002: 6999: 6997: 6994: 6992: 6989: 6987: 6984: 6982: 6979: 6977: 6974: 6972: 6969: 6968: 6966: 6959: 6956: 6921: 6916: 6910: 6907: 6905: 6902: 6900: 6897: 6895: 6892: 6890: 6887: 6885: 6882: 6880: 6877: 6875: 6872: 6870: 6867: 6865: 6862: 6861: 6859: 6855: 6849: 6846: 6844: 6841: 6839: 6836: 6834: 6831: 6829: 6828:Roy D. Chapin 6826: 6824: 6821: 6820: 6818: 6814: 6808: 6805: 6803: 6802:Utility Coupe 6800: 6798: 6795: 6793: 6790: 6788: 6785: 6783: 6780: 6778: 6775: 6773: 6770: 6768: 6765: 6763: 6760: 6758: 6757:Greater Eight 6755: 6753: 6750: 6748: 6745: 6743: 6740: 6739: 6737: 6733: 6726: 6722: 6715: 6710: 6708: 6703: 6701: 6696: 6695: 6692: 6680: 6676: 6672: 6670: 6662: 6661: 6656: 6653: 6652: 6649: 6643: 6640: 6638: 6635: 6633: 6630: 6628: 6625: 6623: 6620: 6618: 6615: 6613: 6610: 6608: 6605: 6604: 6602: 6598: 6592: 6591:Massachusetts 6589: 6588: 6586: 6582: 6576: 6573: 6571: 6568: 6566: 6563: 6561: 6558: 6557: 6555: 6551: 6545: 6542: 6540: 6537: 6535: 6532: 6530: 6527: 6525: 6522: 6520: 6517: 6515: 6512: 6508: 6505: 6504: 6503: 6500: 6498: 6495: 6493: 6490: 6488: 6485: 6483: 6480: 6478: 6475: 6471: 6468: 6467: 6466: 6463: 6461: 6458: 6456: 6453: 6451: 6448: 6446: 6443: 6439: 6436: 6435: 6434: 6431: 6429: 6426: 6424: 6423:Callaway Cars 6421: 6419: 6416: 6414: 6411: 6409: 6406: 6404: 6401: 6399: 6396: 6395: 6393: 6389: 6381: 6371: 6368: 6366: 6363: 6361: 6358: 6356: 6353: 6351: 6348: 6347: 6345: 6341: 6335: 6332: 6330: 6327: 6325: 6322: 6320: 6317: 6315: 6312: 6310: 6307: 6305: 6302: 6300: 6297: 6295: 6292: 6290: 6287: 6285: 6282: 6281: 6279: 6275: 6272: 6268: 6262: 6259: 6257: 6254: 6252: 6249: 6247: 6244: 6242: 6239: 6237: 6234: 6232: 6229: 6227: 6226:Commuter Cars 6224: 6222: 6219: 6217: 6214: 6212: 6211:Aptera Motors 6209: 6207: 6204: 6203: 6201: 6195: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6177: 6175: 6172: 6170: 6167: 6165: 6162: 6160: 6157: 6155: 6152: 6150: 6147: 6145: 6142: 6138: 6135: 6134: 6133: 6130: 6126: 6123: 6121: 6118: 6117: 6116: 6113: 6111: 6108: 6106: 6103: 6101: 6098: 6096: 6093: 6091: 6088: 6086: 6083: 6081: 6078: 6076: 6073: 6071: 6068: 6066: 6063: 6061: 6058: 6056: 6053: 6051: 6048: 6046: 6043: 6041: 6038: 6034: 6031: 6030: 6029: 6026: 6024: 6021: 6019: 6016: 6012: 6009: 6006: 6004: 6001: 5999: 5996: 5994: 5991: 5990: 5989: 5988:Kaiser-Frazer 5986: 5984: 5981: 5979: 5976: 5974: 5971: 5969: 5966: 5964: 5961: 5959: 5956: 5954: 5951: 5947: 5944: 5942: 5939: 5937: 5934: 5932: 5931:Scripps-Booth 5929: 5927: 5924: 5922: 5919: 5917: 5914: 5912: 5909: 5907: 5904: 5902: 5899: 5897: 5894: 5892: 5889: 5887: 5884: 5882: 5879: 5877: 5874: 5873: 5871: 5869: 5866: 5862: 5859: 5857: 5854: 5852: 5849: 5848: 5846: 5844: 5841: 5839: 5836: 5834: 5831: 5829: 5826: 5824: 5821: 5817: 5814: 5812: 5809: 5808: 5806: 5804: 5801: 5799: 5796: 5792: 5789: 5787: 5784: 5782: 5779: 5777: 5774: 5772: 5769: 5768: 5767: 5764: 5762: 5759: 5757: 5754: 5752: 5749: 5747: 5744: 5742: 5739: 5737: 5734: 5732: 5729: 5727: 5724: 5722: 5719: 5717: 5714: 5712: 5709: 5707: 5704: 5702: 5699: 5697: 5694: 5692: 5689: 5687: 5684: 5682: 5679: 5677: 5674: 5672: 5669: 5667: 5664: 5662: 5659: 5655: 5652: 5650: 5647: 5643: 5640: 5638: 5635: 5634: 5633: 5630: 5629: 5628: 5625: 5623: 5620: 5618: 5615: 5613: 5610: 5608: 5605: 5604: 5602: 5596: 5590: 5587: 5585: 5582: 5580: 5577: 5575: 5572: 5568: 5565: 5563: 5560: 5558: 5555: 5553: 5550: 5549: 5548: 5545: 5541: 5538: 5537: 5536: 5533: 5529: 5526: 5525: 5524: 5521: 5519: 5516: 5514: 5513:Mercedes-Benz 5511: 5507: 5504: 5503: 5502: 5499: 5495: 5492: 5491: 5490: 5487: 5485: 5484:Daimler Truck 5482: 5480: 5477: 5476: 5474: 5468: 5462: 5459: 5457: 5454: 5452: 5449: 5447: 5444: 5442: 5439: 5435: 5432: 5430: 5427: 5425: 5422: 5421: 5420: 5417: 5415: 5412: 5410: 5409:Superformance 5407: 5405: 5402: 5400: 5397: 5395: 5392: 5390: 5387: 5383: 5382:Wheeled Coach 5380: 5378: 5375: 5373: 5370: 5368: 5365: 5364: 5363: 5360: 5356: 5353: 5351: 5348: 5346: 5343: 5342: 5341: 5338: 5336: 5333: 5329: 5326: 5324: 5321: 5320: 5319: 5316: 5312: 5309: 5308: 5307: 5304: 5300: 5297: 5296: 5295: 5292: 5290: 5287: 5285: 5282: 5280: 5277: 5275: 5272: 5270: 5267: 5265: 5262: 5260: 5257: 5255: 5252: 5250: 5247: 5245: 5242: 5240: 5237: 5235: 5232: 5228: 5225: 5224: 5223: 5220: 5218: 5215: 5213: 5210: 5208: 5205: 5201: 5198: 5196: 5193: 5191: 5188: 5186: 5183: 5181: 5178: 5176: 5173: 5172: 5171: 5168: 5166: 5163: 5159: 5156: 5154: 5151: 5150: 5149: 5146: 5142: 5141:Starcraft Bus 5139: 5137: 5134: 5132: 5129: 5127: 5124: 5122: 5119: 5118: 5117: 5114: 5112: 5109: 5107: 5104: 5102: 5099: 5097: 5094: 5092: 5089: 5087: 5086:Callaway Cars 5084: 5082: 5079: 5077: 5074: 5072: 5069: 5067: 5064: 5062: 5059: 5057: 5054: 5052: 5049: 5045: 5042: 5040: 5037: 5036: 5035: 5032: 5031: 5029: 5026: 5019: 5016: 5012:manufacturers 5008: 5002: 4999: 4997: 4994: 4992: 4989: 4988: 4985: 4981: 4974: 4969: 4967: 4962: 4960: 4955: 4954: 4951: 4939: 4931: 4929: 4921: 4920: 4917: 4911: 4908: 4906: 4903: 4901: 4898: 4896: 4893: 4891: 4888: 4886: 4883: 4881: 4878: 4876: 4873: 4871: 4868: 4866: 4863: 4861: 4858: 4857: 4855: 4851: 4845: 4842: 4840: 4837: 4835: 4832: 4830: 4827: 4825: 4822: 4821: 4819: 4815: 4809: 4806: 4804: 4801: 4799: 4798:Helene Rother 4796: 4794: 4791: 4789: 4786: 4784: 4781: 4779: 4776: 4774: 4771: 4769: 4766: 4764: 4761: 4759: 4756: 4754: 4751: 4749: 4746: 4744: 4741: 4739: 4736: 4734: 4731: 4729: 4728:Georges Besse 4726: 4724: 4721: 4719: 4718:Richard Arbib 4716: 4714: 4711: 4709: 4708:Roy Abernethy 4706: 4705: 4703: 4699: 4693: 4690: 4688: 4685: 4683: 4680: 4678: 4675: 4673: 4670: 4668: 4665: 4663: 4660: 4658: 4655: 4653: 4650: 4648: 4647:Hudson Motors 4645: 4643: 4640: 4638: 4635: 4633: 4630: 4628: 4625: 4624: 4622: 4618: 4613: 4599: 4596: 4594: 4591: 4589: 4586: 4584: 4581: 4579: 4576: 4574: 4571: 4569: 4566: 4565: 4563: 4559: 4553: 4550: 4549: 4547: 4543: 4537: 4534: 4533: 4531: 4527: 4521: 4518: 4516: 4513: 4511: 4508: 4506: 4503: 4501: 4498: 4496: 4493: 4491: 4488: 4487: 4485: 4481: 4475: 4474:Rambler Rebel 4472: 4470: 4467: 4465: 4462: 4460: 4457: 4455: 4452: 4450: 4447: 4446: 4444: 4440: 4434: 4431: 4430: 4428: 4424: 4418: 4415: 4413: 4410: 4408: 4405: 4403: 4400: 4398: 4395: 4393: 4390: 4388: 4385: 4383: 4380: 4378: 4375: 4373: 4370: 4368: 4365: 4363: 4360: 4358: 4355: 4353: 4350: 4348: 4345: 4344: 4342: 4338: 4335: 4331: 4327: 4320: 4315: 4313: 4308: 4306: 4301: 4300: 4297: 4291: 4288: 4285: 4282: 4280: 4276: 4273: 4270: 4259: 4252: 4247: 4235: 4231: 4227: 4225: 4222: 4220: 4217: 4215: 4212: 4210: 4207: 4206: 4202: 4197: 4196: 4192: 4191: 4184: 4178: 4162: 4158: 4151: 4148: 4143: 4137: 4134: 4121: 4117: 4111: 4108: 4095: 4091: 4085: 4082: 4069: 4065: 4061: 4054: 4051: 4039: 4035: 4029: 4026: 4010: 4004: 4002: 4000: 3998: 3994: 3982:. p. 677 3981: 3977: 3970: 3967: 3954: 3950: 3943: 3940: 3928: 3924: 3917: 3914: 3902: 3898: 3892: 3889: 3876: 3872: 3865: 3862: 3849: 3845: 3839: 3836: 3823: 3819: 3813: 3810: 3797: 3791: 3788: 3775: 3771: 3767: 3760: 3757: 3744: 3740: 3736: 3730: 3727: 3722: 3715: 3712: 3699: 3695: 3691: 3685: 3682: 3669: 3665: 3661: 3657: 3650: 3647: 3634: 3630: 3626: 3620: 3617: 3604: 3600: 3594: 3591: 3578: 3574: 3570: 3563: 3560: 3555: 3551: 3544: 3541: 3528: 3524: 3520: 3514: 3511: 3499: 3495: 3488: 3485: 3472: 3468: 3464: 3458: 3455: 3442: 3438: 3432: 3429: 3416: 3412: 3406: 3403: 3390: 3386: 3380: 3377: 3364: 3360: 3356: 3350: 3347: 3334: 3328: 3325: 3312: 3308: 3302: 3299: 3286: 3282: 3276: 3273: 3260: 3256: 3250: 3247: 3234: 3230: 3226: 3220: 3217: 3204: 3200: 3194: 3191: 3178: 3174: 3168: 3165: 3152: 3148: 3142: 3139: 3126: 3122: 3116: 3113: 3100: 3096: 3090: 3087: 3074: 3070: 3066: 3060: 3057: 3044: 3040: 3034: 3031: 3019: 3013: 3009: 3008: 3000: 2997: 2984: 2980: 2974: 2971: 2958: 2954: 2950: 2944: 2941: 2928: 2924: 2918: 2915: 2902: 2898: 2892: 2889: 2884: 2878: 2874: 2867: 2864: 2851: 2847: 2843: 2837: 2834: 2821: 2817: 2811: 2808: 2795: 2791: 2785: 2781: 2780: 2772: 2769: 2756: 2752: 2748: 2744: 2737: 2734: 2729: 2723: 2719: 2712: 2709: 2706:Flory, p.672. 2703: 2700: 2695: 2689: 2685: 2678: 2675: 2670: 2664: 2660: 2659: 2651: 2648: 2642: 2639: 2626: 2622: 2616: 2613: 2600: 2596: 2590: 2587: 2574: 2570: 2564: 2561: 2548: 2544: 2540: 2534: 2531: 2518: 2514: 2513:Hemmings News 2510: 2503: 2500: 2488: 2484: 2477: 2474: 2469: 2468:Tampa Bay AMC 2465: 2459: 2456: 2451: 2444: 2441: 2428: 2424: 2418: 2414: 2413: 2405: 2402: 2389: 2385: 2381: 2375: 2372: 2360: 2356: 2349: 2346: 2333: 2329: 2323: 2320: 2307: 2303: 2297: 2294: 2281: 2277: 2270: 2267: 2262: 2255: 2252: 2239: 2235: 2229: 2227: 2223: 2210: 2206: 2200: 2197: 2192: 2186: 2182: 2181:114, 298, 310 2178: 2177: 2169: 2166: 2153: 2149: 2143: 2140: 2136: 2124: 2120: 2116: 2110: 2107: 2094: 2090: 2084: 2082: 2078: 2074: 2068: 2065: 2052: 2048: 2042: 2038: 2037: 2029: 2026: 2013: 2007: 2004: 2000: 1994: 1991: 1986: 1980: 1975: 1974: 1968: 1962: 1959: 1946: 1942: 1936: 1932: 1931: 1923: 1920: 1907: 1903: 1899: 1895: 1889: 1886: 1874: 1870: 1863: 1860: 1848: 1844: 1837: 1834: 1822: 1821:oachbuilt.com 1818: 1811: 1808: 1803: 1797: 1793: 1792: 1784: 1781: 1769: 1763: 1759: 1758: 1750: 1747: 1742: 1736: 1732: 1725: 1723: 1719: 1706: 1702: 1698: 1694: 1688: 1685: 1673: 1665: 1658: 1657: 1652: 1645: 1638: 1637: 1632: 1625: 1623: 1619: 1614: 1610: 1609: 1601: 1598: 1585: 1581: 1577: 1571: 1569: 1567: 1563: 1557: 1554: 1546: 1544: 1542: 1538: 1537:Hudson Hornet 1534: 1533: 1528: 1524: 1519: 1517: 1516: 1511: 1510: 1504: 1502: 1501:Hudson Hornet 1498: 1494: 1493: 1487: 1485: 1480: 1478: 1473: 1471: 1467: 1462: 1460: 1456: 1452: 1444: 1442: 1438: 1436: 1432: 1428: 1424: 1420: 1415: 1413: 1409: 1403: 1399: 1396: 1391: 1387: 1385: 1376: 1368: 1361: 1359: 1356: 1354: 1350: 1341: 1334: 1332: 1330: 1324: 1322: 1318: 1317:Jowett Motors 1314: 1310: 1305: 1301: 1299: 1294: 1290: 1286: 1282: 1278: 1274: 1269: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1256:, Chevrolet, 1255: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1234: 1226: 1218: 1211: 1209: 1202: 1200: 1193: 1191: 1189: 1184: 1181: 1176: 1172: 1168: 1164: 1162: 1157: 1153: 1149: 1145: 1140: 1138: 1134: 1130: 1126: 1121: 1119: 1113: 1111: 1107: 1103: 1098: 1091: 1083: 1075: 1068: 1066: 1063: 1055: 1053: 1051: 1046: 1044: 1039: 1033: 1026: 1024: 1020: 1016: 1014: 1008: 1006: 1005:Richard Arbib 1001: 998: 996: 991: 986: 984: 980: 975: 973: 969: 965: 961: 955: 953: 949: 945: 936: 929: 927: 925: 921: 917: 912: 910: 906: 901: 899: 895: 890: 884: 882: 874: 872: 870: 866: 862: 858: 854: 849: 847: 843: 839: 835: 831: 827: 822: 820: 816: 812: 808: 804: 800: 796: 792: 791:Dick Rathmann 788: 787:Southern 500s 784: 780: 778: 774: 770: 766: 761: 759: 756: 752: 748: 744: 739: 737: 733: 729: 723: 721: 712: 704: 696: 688: 680: 673: 671: 669: 665: 661: 655: 653: 645: 643: 640: 635: 631: 626: 624: 620: 611: 604: 602: 600: 596: 591: 583: 581: 578: 573: 569: 564: 561: 557: 552: 550: 546: 531: 523: 515: 507: 500: 498: 496: 492: 487: 484: 482: 478: 474: 471: 467: 462: 458: 455: 447: 445: 443: 437: 435: 431: 427: 423: 418: 416: 411: 402: 394: 386: 378: 370: 363: 361: 359: 355: 351: 347: 343: 338: 336: 332: 328: 324: 320: 316: 311: 308: 304: 300: 294: 292: 288: 284: 281:Coachbuilder 279: 277: 273: 269: 264: 260: 258: 254: 250: 246: 245:Roy D. Chapin 241: 238: 234: 225: 217: 209: 201: 194: 192: 190: 186: 182: 178: 174: 170: 161: 158: 154: 148: 145: 143: 142:Roy D. Chapin 140: 138: 135: 134: 132: 126: 122: 118: 115: 111: 107: 104: 100: 97: 93: 89: 75: 71: 57: 53: 50: 47: 43: 39: 34: 19: 6928: 6884:Dover Trucks 6833:J. L. Hudson 6782:Metropolitan 6720: 6492:Lingenfelter 6460:General Tire 6329:Tesla (list) 6304:Honda (list) 6251:Myers Motors 6197:Concept and 6100:Pierce-Arrow 6055:Monaco Coach 5953:Goshen Coach 5946:Yellow Coach 5756:Diamond-Star 5726:Commonwealth 5631: 5472:subsidiaries 5284:Morgan Olson 5269:Lucid Motors 5121:Champion Bus 5116:Forest River 5066:Armour Group 4890:Electrosport 4646: 4637:Beijing Jeep 4620:Affiliations 4402:Metropolitan 4261:. Retrieved 4257: 4238:. Retrieved 4233: 4194: 4165:. Retrieved 4150: 4136: 4124:. Retrieved 4120:the original 4110: 4098:. Retrieved 4084: 4072:. Retrieved 4063: 4053: 4041:. Retrieved 4037: 4028: 4016:. Retrieved 3984:. Retrieved 3979: 3969: 3957:. Retrieved 3952: 3942: 3930:. Retrieved 3926: 3916: 3904:. Retrieved 3900: 3891: 3879:. Retrieved 3864: 3852:. Retrieved 3847: 3838: 3826:. Retrieved 3821: 3812: 3800:. Retrieved 3790: 3778:. Retrieved 3769: 3759: 3747:. Retrieved 3743:the original 3738: 3729: 3720: 3714: 3702:. Retrieved 3693: 3684: 3672:. Retrieved 3663: 3659: 3649: 3637:. Retrieved 3628: 3619: 3607:. Retrieved 3602: 3593: 3581:. Retrieved 3572: 3562: 3553: 3549: 3543: 3531:. Retrieved 3522: 3513: 3501:. Retrieved 3497: 3487: 3475:. Retrieved 3466: 3457: 3445:. Retrieved 3440: 3431: 3419:. Retrieved 3414: 3405: 3393:. Retrieved 3388: 3379: 3367:. Retrieved 3358: 3349: 3337:. Retrieved 3327: 3315:. Retrieved 3311:Evening News 3310: 3301: 3289:. Retrieved 3284: 3275: 3263:. Retrieved 3258: 3249: 3237:. Retrieved 3228: 3219: 3207:. Retrieved 3202: 3193: 3181:. Retrieved 3176: 3167: 3155:. Retrieved 3150: 3141: 3129:. Retrieved 3125:Sunday Times 3124: 3115: 3103:. Retrieved 3098: 3089: 3077:. Retrieved 3068: 3059: 3047:. Retrieved 3042: 3033: 3021:. Retrieved 3006: 2999: 2987:. Retrieved 2982: 2973: 2961:. Retrieved 2952: 2943: 2931:. Retrieved 2926: 2917: 2905:. Retrieved 2900: 2891: 2872: 2866: 2854:. Retrieved 2850:the original 2845: 2836: 2824:. Retrieved 2819: 2810: 2798:. Retrieved 2778: 2771: 2759:. Retrieved 2750: 2746: 2736: 2717: 2711: 2702: 2683: 2677: 2657: 2650: 2641: 2629:. Retrieved 2624: 2615: 2603:. Retrieved 2598: 2589: 2577:. Retrieved 2572: 2563: 2551:. Retrieved 2542: 2533: 2521:. Retrieved 2512: 2502: 2490:. Retrieved 2486: 2476: 2467: 2458: 2449: 2443: 2431:. Retrieved 2411: 2404: 2392:. Retrieved 2388:the original 2383: 2374: 2362:. Retrieved 2359:Autos Canada 2358: 2348: 2336:. Retrieved 2331: 2322: 2310:. Retrieved 2296: 2284:. Retrieved 2278:. Hemmings. 2269: 2260: 2254: 2242:. Retrieved 2213:. Retrieved 2208: 2199: 2175: 2168: 2156:. Retrieved 2152:the original 2142: 2134: 2127:. Retrieved 2123:the original 2118: 2109: 2097:. Retrieved 2073:Helen Dryden 2067: 2055:. Retrieved 2035: 2028: 2016:. Retrieved 2006: 1998: 1993: 1972: 1961: 1949:. Retrieved 1929: 1922: 1910:. Retrieved 1901: 1897: 1888: 1876:. Retrieved 1872: 1862: 1850:. Retrieved 1846: 1836: 1824:. Retrieved 1820: 1810: 1790: 1783: 1771:. Retrieved 1756: 1749: 1730: 1709:. Retrieved 1703:: 64. 1999. 1700: 1696: 1687: 1677:February 29, 1675:. Retrieved 1655: 1635: 1607: 1600: 1588:. Retrieved 1579: 1530: 1522: 1520: 1513: 1507: 1505: 1490: 1488: 1481: 1474: 1463: 1448: 1439: 1416: 1404: 1400: 1392: 1388: 1381: 1357: 1346: 1335:South Africa 1325: 1306: 1302: 1273:South Island 1270: 1242:North Island 1239: 1206: 1197: 1185: 1178:A report by 1177: 1173: 1169: 1165: 1141: 1122: 1114: 1099: 1096: 1059: 1047: 1043:compact cars 1034: 1030: 1021: 1017: 1009: 1002: 999: 990:Metropolitan 987: 976: 962:heater with 956: 948:Pinin Farina 941: 913: 902: 898:Metropolitan 885: 878: 850: 823: 794: 781: 762: 740: 735: 731: 724: 720:pickup truck 717: 668:tender offer 656: 649: 627: 619:World War II 616: 605:World War II 587: 565: 556:bucket seats 553: 549:leaf springs 542: 494: 488: 485: 470:main bearing 457:inline eight 451: 448:Hudson Eight 438: 419: 407: 339: 312: 295: 280: 265: 261: 242: 230: 168: 166: 113:Headquarters 94:Merged with 6950: / 6823:A. E. Barit 6565:Designworks 6428:Caterpillar 6385:makers and 6355:Ford (list) 6294:Ford (list) 6231:Elio Motors 5851:Continental 5746:Cycle-Scoot 5535:Seres Group 5274:Mack Trucks 5091:Caterpillar 4910:Weather Eye 4803:Dick Teague 4692:Wheel Horse 4667:Nash Motors 4583:Astra-Gnome 4426:IKA-Renault 4263:19 February 4167:14 February 4126:19 February 4100:19 February 4074:19 February 3441:Cairns Post 2433:19 February 2364:19 February 2244:19 February 2215:19 February 2158:19 February 2129:19 February 2099:19 February 2057:19 February 1951:19 February 1912:19 February 1711:14 February 1648:1700–1799: 1628:1634–1699: 1590:27 November 1455:Hornet name 1212:New Zealand 1118:Rolls-Royce 960:Weather Eye 863:(makers of 811:drag racing 807:Frank Mundy 783:Herb Thomas 773:auto racing 664:Wall Street 568:synchromesh 468:. The five 276:Albert Kahn 173:automobiles 7061:1940s cars 7056:1930s cars 7051:1920s cars 7046:1910s cars 7016:Car brands 6965:Categories 6938:82°57′33″W 6935:42°22′20″N 6879:Doc Hudson 6539:Torrington 6418:BorgWarner 6413:BFGoodrich 6241:Fisker Inc 6115:Studebaker 6075:New United 5916:Oldsmobile 5906:McLaughlin 5776:Locomobile 5761:Duesenberg 5741:CNH Global 5642:Terraplane 5589:Volkswagen 5547:Stellantis 5518:Mitsubishi 5451:VIA Motors 5446:Ultimaster 5441:Trans Tech 5424:Arctic Cat 5244:John Deere 5234:HDT Global 5136:Glaval Bus 5051:AM General 5014:and brands 4900:Go package 4817:Facilities 4723:A.E. Barit 4662:Kelvinator 4627:AM General 4347:Ambassador 4234:allpar.com 4159:. Flickr. 3498:allpar.com 3259:The Herald 3203:The Herald 3177:The Herald 1558:References 1497:Doc Hudson 1451:AMC Hornet 1250:Oldsmobile 1125:Queensland 1050:gun sights 1013:carburetor 983:Ultramatic 846:Korean War 755:Hydramatic 743:horsepower 577:Hydramatic 477:Lanchester 473:crankshaft 426:Terraplane 346:crankshaft 189:model year 147:A.E. Barit 129:Key people 83:1954-07-04 65:1909-05-25 49:Automobile 6797:Super Six 6787:Pacemaker 6742:Commodore 6477:Hennessey 6455:Firestone 6270:Factories 6159:Visionary 6065:MotoCzysz 6033:Roosevelt 5963:GreenTech 5901:Marquette 5886:GM Diesel 5876:Cartercar 5803:Excalibur 5798:Eagle Bus 5598:Defunct / 5367:Fleetwood 5362:REV Group 5328:Peterbilt 5190:Chevrolet 5081:Blue Bird 4515:Medallion 4240:2 January 2753:(4): 99. 2553:18 August 1539:and 1947 1384:Armistice 1321:VW Motors 1300:in 1932. 1285:Bean cars 1137:Chevrolet 1069:Australia 930:1955–1957 924:V8 engine 859:, CEO of 830:Big Three 674:1946–1954 560:Super Six 501:1936–1942 461:crankcase 422:nameplate 354:Super Six 335:Chevrolet 323:Brentford 259:factory. 102:Successor 6920:Category 6735:Vehicles 6669:Category 6584:By state 6465:Goodyear 6174:Wildfire 6110:Sterling 6095:Peerless 6023:Marathon 5993:Allstate 5936:Sheridan 5823:Fiberfab 5816:Plymouth 5751:DeLorean 5681:Autoette 5552:Chrysler 5528:Infiniti 5470:Foreign 5323:Kenworth 5294:Navistar 5227:Club Car 5180:Cadillac 5061:Arcimoto 5021:Current 4928:Category 4773:Roy Lunn 4642:Chrysler 4588:Electron 4578:Cavalier 4529:Military 4490:Alliance 4454:American 4333:Vehicles 4275:Archived 4177:cite web 4161:Archived 4094:Archived 4068:Archived 4043:23 April 4018:23 April 3986:23 April 3959:23 April 3932:23 April 3906:23 April 3881:23 April 3875:Archived 3854:23 April 3828:23 April 3802:23 April 3780:23 April 3774:Archived 3749:23 April 3704:23 April 3698:Archived 3674:23 April 3668:Archived 3639:23 April 3633:Archived 3609:16 April 3583:16 April 3577:Archived 3533:16 April 3527:Archived 3503:16 April 3477:16 April 3471:Archived 3469:. 2019. 3447:16 April 3421:16 April 3395:16 April 3369:16 April 3363:Archived 3339:16 April 3317:16 April 3291:15 April 3265:15 April 3239:15 April 3233:Archived 3209:15 April 3183:15 April 3157:15 April 3131:15 April 3105:15 April 3079:15 April 3073:Archived 3049:15 April 3023:16 April 2989:15 April 2963:15 April 2957:Archived 2933:15 April 2907:15 April 2856:15 April 2826:15 April 2794:Archived 2761:15 April 2755:Archived 2631:15 April 2605:15 April 2579:15 April 2547:Archived 2523:15 April 2517:Archived 2492:15 April 2427:Archived 2394:15 April 2338:15 April 2312:15 April 2306:Archived 2286:14 April 2280:Archived 2238:Archived 2093:Archived 2051:Archived 2018:15 April 1969:(2002). 1945:Archived 1906:Archived 1878:15 April 1852:15 April 1826:15 April 1773:19 April 1705:Archived 1653:(1992). 1633:(1997). 1584:Archived 1309:Standard 1262:Vauxhall 1254:Crossley 1156:Tasmania 1144:Victoria 1131:company 1110:Wolseley 842:Chrysler 630:ailerons 595:Joe Oros 483:system. 454:flathead 240:funds). 237:Hudson's 183:to form 160:Vehicles 156:Products 121:Michigan 45:Industry 6864:Aerocar 6792:Rambler 6544:Visteon 6497:Nexteer 6433:Cummins 6398:Allison 6391:modders 6365:Packard 6343:Defunct 6120:Erskine 6090:Packard 6003:Henry J 5983:Jeffery 5968:Grumman 5921:Pontiac 5911:Oakland 5896:LaSalle 5861:Mercury 5807:FCA US 5666:Armored 5654:Rambler 5600:former 5501:Hyundai 5434:Cushman 5419:Textron 5355:Victory 5306:Oshkosh 5254:Laffite 5153:Lincoln 5126:Collins 5096:Czinger 5076:Autocar 5010:Vehicle 4938:Commons 4682:Renault 4677:Rambler 4568:Amitron 4561:Concept 4520:Premier 4483:Renault 4459:Classic 4442:Rambler 4397:Matador 4387:Javelin 4372:Gremlin 4362:Concord 4357:AMX III 3848:Michael 3822:Michael 3415:The Age 2983:The Sun 2800:26 July 1353:Gauteng 1296:adding 1289:Darracq 1277:Maxwell 1203:Germany 1038:Rambler 995:hubcaps 979:Packard 869:Rambler 599:Mustang 572:helical 489:At the 319:England 315:Belgium 257:Aerocar 253:Roy Jr. 177:Detroit 117:Detroit 81: ( 73:Defunct 63: ( 55:Founded 6899:Museum 6816:People 6777:Pickup 6767:Italia 6762:Hornet 6679:Portal 6534:Timken 6519:Saleen 6487:Legacy 6438:Brammo 6277:Active 6256:Nikola 6184:Zimmer 6125:Rockne 6060:Mosler 6050:Mercer 6045:Matbro 6040:Marvel 6028:Marmon 6011:Willys 6007:Kaiser 5998:Frazer 5973:Henney 5941:Viking 5926:Saturn 5881:Elmore 5766:Durant 5686:Avanti 5676:Aurica 5671:Auburn 5632:Hudson 5579:Toyota 5574:Subaru 5523:Nissan 5429:E-Z-Go 5394:Rivian 5377:Laymor 5350:Indian 5318:Paccar 5311:Pierce 5299:IC Bus 5207:Gillig 4865:AMC 20 4860:AMC 15 4701:People 4598:XR-400 4593:Tarpon 4573:AMX-GT 4495:Encore 4464:Marlin 4433:Torino 4417:Spirit 4392:Marlin 4382:Italia 4377:Hornet 3335:. 1960 3014: 2879: 2786: 2724: 2690: 2665: 2419: 2334:. 2012 2187: 2043: 1981: 1937: 1798: 1764: 1737: 1547:Models 1523:Hermes 1445:Legacy 1298:Morris 1281:Haynes 1194:Canada 1154:, and 777:NASCAR 769:Hornet 765:torque 747:torque 415:sedans 342:brakes 327:London 6857:Other 6752:Eight 6450:Eaton 6408:Aptiv 6221:Canoo 6169:White 6137:Scion 6132:Stutz 6070:Muntz 6018:Local 5958:Green 5856:Edsel 5847:Ford 5811:Eagle 5786:Rugby 5781:Mason 5771:Flint 5691:Avery 5661:Armor 5637:Essex 5557:Dodge 5540:Seres 5494:Acura 5489:Honda 5414:Tesla 5335:Panoz 5175:Buick 4905:Renix 4552:Lerma 4505:LeCar 4500:Fuego 4412:Rebel 4407:Pacer 4367:Eagle 4254:(PDF) 4012:(PDF) 3666:(4). 3603:Press 3552:[ 1660:(PDF) 1640:(PDF) 1258:Stutz 1011:dual- 968:Freon 410:Essex 108:(AMC) 6807:Wasp 5791:Star 5736:Case 5731:Cord 5721:Coda 5649:Nash 5562:Jeep 5148:Ford 5034:AGCO 5025:list 4657:Jeep 4265:2016 4242:2024 4183:link 4169:2015 4128:2016 4102:2016 4076:2016 4045:2022 4020:2022 3988:2022 3961:2022 3934:2022 3908:2022 3883:2022 3856:2022 3830:2022 3804:2022 3782:2022 3751:2022 3706:2022 3676:2022 3641:2022 3611:2022 3585:2022 3535:2022 3505:2022 3479:2022 3449:2022 3423:2022 3397:2022 3371:2022 3341:2022 3319:2022 3293:2022 3267:2022 3241:2022 3211:2022 3185:2022 3159:2022 3151:News 3133:2022 3107:2022 3081:2022 3051:2022 3025:2022 3012:ISBN 2991:2022 2965:2022 2935:2022 2909:2022 2877:ISBN 2858:2022 2828:2022 2820:Time 2802:2016 2784:ISBN 2763:2022 2722:ISBN 2688:ISBN 2663:ISBN 2633:2022 2625:Time 2607:2022 2599:Time 2581:2022 2573:Time 2555:2019 2525:2022 2494:2022 2435:2016 2417:ISBN 2396:2022 2366:2022 2340:2022 2314:2022 2288:2022 2246:2016 2217:2016 2185:ISBN 2160:2016 2131:2016 2101:2016 2059:2016 2041:ISBN 2020:2022 1979:ISBN 1953:2016 1935:ISBN 1914:2016 1880:2022 1854:2022 1828:2022 1796:ISBN 1775:2013 1762:ISBN 1735:ISBN 1713:2015 1679:2024 1592:2017 1521:The 1492:Cars 1293:Unic 1291:and 1271:For 867:and 865:Nash 840:and 834:Ford 819:NHRA 795:e.g. 789:and 734:and 650:The 545:axle 333:and 317:and 301:and 167:The 91:Fate 6772:Jet 6607:AAA 6529:SRT 6179:ZAP 6154:VPG 5891:Geo 5868:FMC 5696:BMC 5567:Ram 5506:Kia 5479:BMW 5239:HME 5200:GMC 5158:SVT 4545:VAM 4352:AMX 4340:AMC 2751:107 1613:583 1244:by 997:). 894:Jet 853:Jet 771:an 325:in 175:in 6967:: 6164:VL 4256:. 4232:. 4179:}} 4175:{{ 4066:. 4062:. 4036:. 3996:^ 3978:. 3951:. 3925:. 3899:. 3873:. 3846:. 3820:. 3772:. 3768:. 3737:. 3692:. 3662:. 3658:. 3631:. 3627:. 3601:. 3575:. 3571:. 3525:. 3521:. 3496:. 3465:. 3439:. 3413:. 3387:. 3361:. 3357:. 3309:. 3283:. 3257:. 3231:. 3227:. 3201:. 3175:. 3149:. 3123:. 3097:. 3071:. 3067:. 3041:. 2981:. 2955:. 2951:. 2925:. 2899:. 2844:. 2818:. 2792:. 2749:. 2745:. 2623:. 2597:. 2571:. 2541:. 2515:. 2511:. 2485:. 2466:. 2425:. 2382:. 2357:. 2330:. 2225:^ 2207:. 2183:. 2133:. 2117:. 2080:^ 2049:. 1943:. 1900:. 1896:. 1871:. 1845:. 1819:. 1721:^ 1701:42 1699:. 1695:. 1662:. 1642:. 1621:^ 1578:. 1565:^ 1543:. 1529:' 1503:. 1486:. 1472:. 1461:. 1433:, 1429:, 1279:, 1268:. 1252:, 1163:. 1045:. 974:. 950:, 838:GM 836:, 751:GM 738:. 722:. 601:. 535:c. 337:. 119:, 6713:e 6706:t 6699:v 5027:) 5023:( 4972:e 4965:t 4958:v 4318:e 4311:t 4304:v 4286:, 4267:. 4244:. 4185:) 4171:. 4144:. 4130:. 4104:. 4078:. 4047:. 4022:. 3990:. 3963:. 3936:. 3910:. 3885:. 3806:. 3784:. 3753:. 3678:. 3664:6 3643:. 3587:. 3537:. 3507:. 3481:. 3373:. 3243:. 3083:. 2967:. 2885:. 2860:. 2830:. 2804:. 2730:. 2696:. 2671:. 2635:. 2609:. 2583:. 2557:. 2527:. 2496:. 2470:. 2437:. 2398:. 2368:. 2342:. 2316:. 2290:. 2248:. 2219:. 2193:. 2162:. 2103:. 2061:. 2022:. 1987:. 1955:. 1916:. 1902:7 1882:. 1856:. 1830:. 1804:. 1777:. 1743:. 1715:. 1681:. 1666:. 1646:. 1615:. 1594:. 832:( 85:) 67:) 20:)

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.