22:
110:
According to another account in the Shūgaishō (拾芥抄), a medieval
Japanese encyclopedia, the only way to be kept safe from the night parade if it were to come by your house is to stay inside on the specific nights associated with the Chinese zodiac or to chant the magic spell:
80:
Over more than one thousand years of history, and its role as a popular theme in traditional storytelling and art, a great deal of folklore has developed around the concept, making it difficult if not impossible to isolate any canonical meanings.
68:
that march through the streets of Japan at night. As a terrifying eruption of the supernatural into the real world, it is similar (though not precisely equivalent) to the concept of
528:
575:
868:
568:
536:
347:
258:("Comical Record of Japanese History") employs the theme of 100 demons to comment on contemporary Japanese military actions in China.
511:
464:
439:
412:
156:
was on his way to his lover's place when he saw 100 demons walking from the direction of the main street. Since his attire had the
97:
through the streets of Japan during summer nights." Anyone who comes across the procession would perish or be spirited away by the
561:
56:. Sometimes an orderly procession, other times a riot, it refers to a parade of thousands of supernatural creatures known as
2171:
755:
289:
2768:
1782:
107:
spell-casters. It is said that only an onmyōji clan head is strong enough to pass
Nurarihyon's Hyakki Yagyō unharmed.
2763:
773:
275:
838:
144:
737:
2304:
1454:
1087:
856:
282:
132:
254:
153:
1899:
1308:
501:
429:
180:
268:
240:
2596:
1609:
1051:
2432:
1863:
1690:
925:
592:
385:
301:
2216:
1962:
188:
113:
KA-TA-SHI-HA-YA, E-KA-SE-NI-KU-RI-NI, TA-ME-RU-SA-KE, TE-E-HI, A-SHI-E-HI, WA-RE-SHI-KO-NI-KE-RI
26:
368:
Lillehoj, Elizabeth (1995). "Transfiguration: Man-Made
Objects as Demons in Japanese Scrolls".
2773:
2277:
2108:
1699:
1299:
1132:
782:
746:
719:
602:
584:
507:
460:
435:
408:
343:
172:
2295:
2286:
1636:
1481:
1463:
1078:
934:
809:
791:
665:
377:
245:
50:
1105:
2704:
2315:
1944:
1564:
1148:
692:
638:
611:
235:
2360:
2232:
2018:
1935:
2742:
2737:
2732:
2722:
2686:
2506:
2459:
2268:
2221:
1971:
1890:
1618:
1193:
1137:
1042:
988:
847:
818:
656:
314:
212:
2757:
2414:
1809:
1114:
979:
889:
764:
295:
252:
in separate, encyclopedic entries rather than assembled in a parade, while
Utagawa's
2578:
1024:
103:
2778:
2488:
1991:
1737:
1627:
1290:
1166:
1096:
674:
136:(宇治拾遺物語), in which a monk encounters a group of a hundred yōkai which pass by the
69:
2542:
2477:
2441:
2423:
2405:
2396:
2387:
2259:
2198:
2036:
1953:
1881:
1827:
1800:
1755:
1728:
1582:
1544:
1398:
1362:
1211:
1069:
880:
710:
629:
620:
137:
2727:
2587:
2533:
2450:
2378:
2369:
2241:
2207:
2135:
2126:
2081:
2027:
1917:
1836:
1681:
1663:
1600:
1472:
1445:
1326:
1265:
1229:
1033:
800:
683:
216:
164:
88:
1279:
2677:
2605:
2497:
2162:
2144:
2117:
1845:
1591:
1555:
1317:
1247:
1238:
1060:
970:
961:
898:
319:
228:
205:
2189:
1416:
1335:
1015:
2695:
2668:
2659:
2650:
2623:
2614:
2551:
2468:
2250:
2090:
2072:
2054:
2009:
1854:
1773:
1746:
1654:
1508:
1499:
1434:
1425:
1389:
1380:
1274:
1220:
1175:
1123:
916:
728:
701:
308:
149:
93:
64:
53:
503:
Pandemonium and Parade: Japanese
Demonology and the Culture of the Yōkai
431:
Pandemonium and Parade: Japanese
Demonology and the Culture of the Yōkai
21:
2515:
2180:
2153:
2000:
1719:
1573:
1535:
1407:
1371:
1353:
1256:
1184:
1006:
997:
952:
907:
389:
2641:
2632:
2342:
2333:
2099:
1791:
1764:
1710:
1672:
1645:
1517:
1344:
1202:
1157:
943:
405:
Japandemonium
Illustrated: The Yokai Encyclopedias of Toriyama Sekien
227:(百鬼夜行絵巻), contains the details of each member in the parade from the
553:
381:
16:
Idiom of
Japanese folklore: a mass parade of supernatural creatures
2569:
2524:
2351:
2324:
2045:
1982:
1908:
1872:
1526:
1490:
220:
20:
477:
127:
has appeared in several tales collected by
Japanese folklorists.
2560:
2063:
557:
204:
One of the oldest and most famous examples is the 16th-century
1926:
1818:
58:
201:
The night parade was a popular theme in
Japanese visual art.
43:, "Night Parade of One Hundred Demons"), also transliterated
84:
One legend of recent vintage states that "every year the
2702:
2693:
2684:
2675:
2666:
2657:
2648:
2639:
2630:
2621:
2612:
2603:
2594:
2585:
2576:
2567:
2558:
2549:
2540:
2531:
2522:
2513:
2504:
2495:
2486:
2475:
2466:
2457:
2448:
2439:
2430:
2421:
2412:
2403:
2394:
2385:
2376:
2367:
2358:
2349:
2340:
2331:
2322:
2313:
2302:
2293:
2284:
2275:
2266:
2257:
2248:
2239:
2230:
2214:
2205:
2196:
2187:
2178:
2169:
2160:
2151:
2142:
2133:
2124:
2115:
2106:
2097:
2088:
2079:
2070:
2061:
2052:
2043:
2034:
2025:
2016:
2007:
1998:
1989:
1980:
1969:
1960:
1951:
1942:
1933:
1924:
1915:
1906:
1897:
1888:
1879:
1870:
1861:
1852:
1843:
1834:
1825:
1816:
1807:
1798:
1789:
1780:
1771:
1762:
1753:
1744:
1735:
1726:
1717:
1708:
1697:
1688:
1679:
1670:
1661:
1652:
1643:
1634:
1625:
1616:
1607:
1598:
1589:
1580:
1571:
1562:
1553:
1542:
1533:
1524:
1515:
1506:
1497:
1488:
1479:
1470:
1461:
1452:
1443:
1432:
1423:
1414:
1405:
1396:
1387:
1378:
1369:
1360:
1351:
1342:
1333:
1324:
1315:
1306:
1297:
1288:
1272:
1263:
1254:
1245:
1236:
1227:
1218:
1209:
1200:
1191:
1182:
1173:
1164:
1155:
1146:
1130:
1121:
1112:
1103:
1094:
1085:
1076:
1067:
1058:
1049:
1040:
1031:
1022:
1013:
1004:
995:
986:
977:
968:
959:
950:
941:
932:
923:
914:
905:
896:
887:
878:
854:
845:
836:
816:
807:
798:
789:
780:
771:
762:
753:
744:
735:
726:
717:
708:
699:
690:
681:
672:
663:
654:
645:
636:
627:
618:
609:
600:
101:, unless protected by exorcism scrolls handwritten by
2715:
867:
829:
591:
234:Other notable works in this motif include those by
160:written on it, the demons who noticed it ran away.
363:
361:
359:
115:" (カタシハヤ, エカセニクリニ, タメルサケ, テエヒ, アシエヒ, ワレシコニケリ).
506:. University of California Press. p. 55.
38:
569:
495:
493:
455:
453:
451:
434:. University of California Press. p. 9.
340:Demon of Painting: The Art of Kawanabe Kyosai
8:
576:
562:
554:
152:era (859–877), the eldest son of minister
330:
148:(今昔物語集), which tells that during the
7:
342:. British Museum Press. p. 64.
248:. However, Toriyama's work presents
211:(百鬼夜行図), erroneously attributed to
459:村上健司編著 『妖怪事典』毎日新聞社、2000年、288-289頁。
14:
223:. For other picture scrolls, the
407:. Dover Publishing. p. x.
500:Foster, Michael Dylan (2009).
428:Foster, Michael Dylan (2009).
215:, located in the Shinju-an of
1:
290:Gazu Hyakki Tsurezure Bukuro
2703:
2694:
2685:
2676:
2667:
2658:
2649:
2640:
2631:
2622:
2613:
2604:
2595:
2586:
2577:
2568:
2559:
2550:
2541:
2532:
2523:
2514:
2505:
2496:
2487:
2476:
2467:
2458:
2449:
2440:
2431:
2422:
2413:
2404:
2395:
2386:
2377:
2368:
2359:
2350:
2341:
2332:
2323:
2314:
2303:
2294:
2285:
2276:
2267:
2258:
2249:
2240:
2231:
2215:
2206:
2197:
2188:
2179:
2170:
2161:
2152:
2143:
2134:
2125:
2116:
2107:
2098:
2089:
2080:
2071:
2062:
2053:
2044:
2035:
2026:
2017:
2008:
1999:
1990:
1981:
1970:
1961:
1952:
1943:
1934:
1925:
1916:
1907:
1898:
1889:
1880:
1871:
1862:
1853:
1844:
1835:
1826:
1817:
1808:
1799:
1790:
1781:
1772:
1763:
1754:
1745:
1736:
1727:
1718:
1709:
1698:
1689:
1680:
1671:
1662:
1653:
1644:
1635:
1626:
1617:
1608:
1599:
1590:
1581:
1572:
1563:
1554:
1543:
1534:
1525:
1516:
1507:
1498:
1489:
1480:
1471:
1462:
1453:
1444:
1433:
1424:
1415:
1406:
1397:
1388:
1379:
1370:
1361:
1352:
1343:
1334:
1325:
1316:
1307:
1298:
1289:
1273:
1264:
1255:
1246:
1237:
1228:
1219:
1210:
1201:
1192:
1183:
1174:
1165:
1156:
1147:
1131:
1122:
1113:
1104:
1095:
1086:
1077:
1068:
1059:
1050:
1041:
1032:
1023:
1014:
1005:
996:
987:
978:
969:
960:
951:
942:
933:
924:
915:
906:
897:
888:
879:
855:
846:
837:
817:
808:
799:
790:
781:
772:
763:
754:
745:
736:
727:
718:
709:
700:
691:
682:
673:
664:
655:
646:
637:
628:
619:
610:
601:
2795:
39:
276:Konjaku Gazu Zoku Hyakki
338:Clark, Timothy (1993).
91:, will lead all of the
2305:Yashima no Hage-tanuki
370:Asian Folklore Studies
29:
839:Konjaku Monogatarishū
527:Lillehoj, Elizabeth.
403:Yoda, Hiroko (2016).
145:Konjaku Monogatarishū
24:
871:in Japanese Folklore
869:Legendary Creatures
533:The Boone Collection
857:Uji Shūi Monogatari
756:Taketori Monogatari
283:Konjaku Hyakki Shūi
133:Uji Shūi Monogatari
2769:Japanese mythology
302:Nurarihyon no Mago
255:Kokkei Wanisshi-ki
225:Hyakki Yagyō Emaki
30:
25:"Hyakki Yagyō" by
2764:Japanese folklore
2751:
2750:
2278:Danzaburou-danuki
783:Tsuru no Ongaeshi
747:Shita-kiri Suzume
603:Awa Tanuki Gassen
585:Japanese folklore
269:Gazu Hyakki Yagyō
241:Gazu Hyakki Yagyō
49:, is an idiom in
2786:
2708:
2699:
2690:
2681:
2672:
2663:
2654:
2645:
2636:
2627:
2618:
2609:
2600:
2591:
2582:
2573:
2564:
2555:
2546:
2537:
2528:
2519:
2510:
2501:
2492:
2481:
2472:
2463:
2454:
2445:
2436:
2427:
2418:
2409:
2400:
2391:
2382:
2373:
2364:
2355:
2346:
2337:
2328:
2319:
2308:
2299:
2296:Shibaemon-tanuki
2290:
2281:
2272:
2263:
2254:
2245:
2236:
2227:
2225:
2211:
2202:
2193:
2184:
2175:
2166:
2157:
2148:
2139:
2130:
2121:
2112:
2103:
2094:
2085:
2076:
2067:
2058:
2049:
2040:
2031:
2022:
2013:
2004:
1995:
1986:
1975:
1966:
1957:
1948:
1939:
1930:
1921:
1912:
1903:
1894:
1885:
1876:
1867:
1858:
1849:
1840:
1831:
1822:
1813:
1804:
1795:
1786:
1777:
1768:
1759:
1750:
1741:
1732:
1723:
1714:
1703:
1694:
1685:
1676:
1667:
1658:
1649:
1640:
1631:
1622:
1613:
1604:
1595:
1586:
1577:
1568:
1559:
1548:
1539:
1530:
1521:
1512:
1503:
1494:
1485:
1476:
1467:
1458:
1449:
1438:
1429:
1420:
1411:
1402:
1393:
1384:
1375:
1366:
1357:
1348:
1339:
1330:
1321:
1312:
1303:
1294:
1285:
1283:
1269:
1260:
1251:
1242:
1233:
1224:
1215:
1206:
1197:
1188:
1179:
1170:
1161:
1152:
1143:
1141:
1127:
1118:
1109:
1100:
1091:
1082:
1073:
1064:
1055:
1046:
1037:
1028:
1019:
1010:
1001:
992:
983:
974:
965:
956:
947:
938:
929:
920:
911:
902:
893:
884:
860:
851:
842:
822:
813:
810:Yamata no Orochi
804:
795:
786:
777:
768:
759:
750:
741:
738:Saru Kani Gassen
732:
723:
714:
705:
696:
687:
678:
669:
666:Kachi-kachi Yama
660:
651:
642:
633:
624:
615:
606:
578:
571:
564:
555:
549:
548:
546:
544:
535:. Archived from
524:
518:
517:
497:
488:
487:
485:
484:
474:
468:
457:
446:
445:
425:
419:
418:
400:
394:
393:
365:
354:
353:
335:
246:Utagawa Yoshiiku
181:Kohon Setsuwashū
42:
41:
2794:
2793:
2789:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2784:
2783:
2754:
2753:
2752:
2747:
2711:
2705:Zashiki-warashi
2219:
1963:Rashōmon no oni
1309:Hitotsume-nyūdō
1277:
1135:
870:
863:
825:
693:Kobutori Jiisan
639:Hanasaka Jiisan
612:Bunbuku Chagama
587:
582:
552:
542:
540:
526:
525:
521:
514:
499:
498:
491:
482:
480:
476:
475:
471:
458:
449:
442:
427:
426:
422:
415:
402:
401:
397:
382:10.2307/1178217
367:
366:
357:
350:
337:
336:
332:
328:
264:
236:Toriyama Sekien
209:Hyakki Yagyō Zu
199:
138:Ryūsenji temple
121:
78:
76:Various legends
27:Kawanabe Kyōsai
17:
12:
11:
5:
2792:
2790:
2782:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2756:
2755:
2749:
2748:
2746:
2745:
2740:
2738:Shigeru Mizuki
2735:
2733:Lafcadio Hearn
2730:
2725:
2723:Kunio Yanagita
2719:
2717:
2713:
2712:
2710:
2709:
2700:
2691:
2687:Yume no seirei
2682:
2673:
2664:
2655:
2646:
2637:
2628:
2619:
2610:
2601:
2592:
2583:
2574:
2565:
2556:
2547:
2538:
2529:
2520:
2511:
2507:Tsurube-otoshi
2502:
2493:
2484:
2483:
2482:
2473:
2464:
2460:Koto-furunushi
2455:
2446:
2437:
2428:
2419:
2410:
2401:
2383:
2374:
2365:
2356:
2347:
2338:
2329:
2320:
2311:
2310:
2309:
2300:
2291:
2282:
2273:
2269:Tanuki-bayashi
2255:
2246:
2237:
2228:
2212:
2203:
2194:
2185:
2176:
2167:
2158:
2149:
2140:
2131:
2122:
2113:
2104:
2095:
2086:
2077:
2068:
2059:
2050:
2041:
2032:
2023:
2014:
2005:
1996:
1987:
1978:
1977:
1976:
1967:
1958:
1949:
1940:
1922:
1913:
1904:
1895:
1886:
1877:
1868:
1859:
1850:
1841:
1832:
1823:
1814:
1805:
1796:
1787:
1778:
1769:
1760:
1751:
1742:
1733:
1724:
1715:
1706:
1705:
1704:
1686:
1677:
1668:
1659:
1650:
1641:
1632:
1623:
1619:Kuchisake-onna
1614:
1605:
1596:
1587:
1578:
1569:
1560:
1551:
1550:
1549:
1531:
1522:
1513:
1504:
1495:
1486:
1477:
1468:
1459:
1450:
1441:
1440:
1439:
1430:
1412:
1403:
1394:
1385:
1376:
1367:
1358:
1349:
1340:
1331:
1322:
1313:
1304:
1300:Hitotsume-kozō
1295:
1286:
1270:
1261:
1252:
1243:
1234:
1225:
1216:
1207:
1198:
1194:Futakuchi-onna
1189:
1180:
1171:
1162:
1153:
1144:
1128:
1119:
1110:
1101:
1092:
1083:
1074:
1065:
1056:
1047:
1043:Ashinagatenaga
1038:
1029:
1020:
1011:
1002:
993:
984:
975:
966:
957:
948:
939:
930:
921:
912:
903:
894:
885:
875:
873:
865:
864:
862:
861:
852:
843:
833:
831:
827:
826:
824:
823:
819:Yotsuya Kaidan
814:
805:
796:
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2489:Tsurara-onna
1992:Onihitokuchi
1945:Kijo/Onibaba
1936:Ibaraki-dōji
1628:Kuda-gitsune
1291:Hito-gitsune
648:Hyakki Yagyō
647:
541:. Retrieved
537:the original
532:
529:"Commentary"
522:
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481:. Retrieved
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125:Hyakki Yagyō
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72:in English.
63:
57:
45:
44:
34:Hyakki Yagyō
33:
32:
31:
18:
2743:Inoue Enryō
2716:Folklorists
2442:Ittan-momen
2424:Boroboroton
2397:Abumi-guchi
2388:Tsukumogami
2220: [
2037:Osakabehime
1972:Shuten-dōji
1882:Oboroguruma
1729:Mokumokuren
1700:Miage-nyūdō
1583:Konaki-jiji
1363:Ishinagenjo
1278: [
1212:Gashadokuro
1136: [
1070:Bake-kujira
989:Amefurikozō
881:Abura-akago
848:Otogi-zōshi
774:Tawara Tōda
657:Issun-bōshi
621:Hachikazuki
376:(1): 7–34.
70:pandemonium
46:Hyakki Yakō
2758:Categories
2728:Keigo Seki
2451:Kasa-obake
2379:Tsuchinoko
2370:Tsuchigumo
2242:Sunekosuri
2217:Shussebora
2136:Shidaidaka
2127:Shachihoko
2082:Rokurokubi
2028:Ootakemaru
1864:Nyūdō-bōzu
1837:Nurarihyon
1810:Noppera-bō
1682:Mikaribaba
1601:Koromodako
1473:Kasa-obake
1446:Kamaitachi
1266:Hiderigami
1230:Hanako-san
1106:Chimimōryō
1034:Aosaginohi
801:Uriko-hime
483:2014-05-19
326:References
217:Daitoku-ji
206:handscroll
189:Hōbutsushū
89:Nurarihyon
2678:Yuki-onna
2606:Yamajijii
2498:Tsurubebi
2361:Tōfu-kozō
2163:Shinigami
2145:Shikigami
2118:Sazae-oni
1846:Nure-onna
1592:Korpokkur
1556:Kitsunebi
1318:Hone-onna
1248:Hashihime
1239:Harionago
1167:Funayūrei
1097:Binbōgami
1061:Azukiarai
971:Amanozako
962:Amanojaku
899:Aka Manto
675:Kasa Jizō
593:Folktales
320:Wild Hunt
229:Muromachi
158:sonjoushi
2669:Yosuzume
2624:Yamawaro
2615:Yama-uba
2597:Yamabiko
2552:Ushi-oni
2543:Umi zatō
2478:Ungaikyō
2469:Menreiki
2406:Bakezōri
2251:Takaonna
2172:Shiranui
2091:Samebito
2055:Otoroshi
1954:Kidōmaru
1855:Nurikabe
1828:Nuppeppō
1801:Noderabō
1774:Namahage
1747:Mononoke
1655:Kuzunoha
1610:Kotobuki
1545:Hakuzōsu
1509:Kijimuna
1500:Keukegen
1455:Kamikiri
1435:Nekomata
1426:Bakeneko
1399:Jorōgumo
1390:Jinmenju
1381:Janjanbi
1275:Hinezumi
1176:Furaribi
1133:Dorotabō
1124:Dodomeki
1052:Ayakashi
917:Akashita
729:Oto-hime
711:Momotarō
702:Kurozuka
630:Hakuzōsu
309:Pom Poko
262:See also
231:period.
173:Gōdanshō
154:Fujiwara
54:folklore
51:Japanese
2579:Wanyūdō
2534:Umibōzu
2516:Ubagabi
2208:Shōkera
2181:Shirime
2154:Shikome
2001:Onikuma
1918:Ōmukade
1720:Mizuchi
1574:Komainu
1536:Kitsune
1491:Kawauso
1408:Jubokko
1372:Isonade
1354:Inugami
1327:Hyōsube
1257:Hibagon
1025:Aonyōbō
1007:Amikiri
998:Ameonna
953:Aoandon
926:Akateko
908:Akaname
684:Kintarō
543:8 April
390:1178217
184:(古本説話集)
165:Ōkagami
104:Onmyōji
2642:Yobuko
2633:Yanari
2343:Tenome
2334:Tennin
2260:Tanuki
2233:Sōjōbō
2190:Shiryō
2109:Satori
2100:Sankai
2019:Ōnyūdō
1792:Ningyo
1783:Namazu
1765:Mujina
1738:Momiji
1711:Misaki
1673:Mazoku
1646:Kumiho
1565:Kodama
1518:Kinoko
1417:Kaibyō
1345:Ikuchi
1336:Ikiryō
1203:Gagoze
1158:Enenra
1149:Dragon
1016:Aobōzu
944:Amabie
510:
463:
438:
411:
388:
346:
244:) and
197:In art
2774:Yōkai
2696:Yūrei
2660:Yōsei
2651:Yōkai
2570:Waira
2525:Ubume
2352:Tesso
2325:Tengu
2224:]
2199:Shōjō
2073:Raijū
2046:Osaki
2010:Onryō
1983:Onibi
1909:Okubi
1900:Okiku
1873:Obake
1756:Mōryō
1664:Kyubi
1637:Kudan
1527:Kirin
1482:Kasha
1464:Kappa
1282:]
1221:Goryō
1140:]
1088:Basan
935:Akuma
830:Texts
386:JSTOR
250:yōkai
221:Kyoto
192:(宝物集)
176:(江談抄)
150:Jōgan
99:yōkai
94:yōkai
86:yōkai
65:yōkai
2588:Yako
2561:Uwan
2064:Ouni
1891:Oiwa
1185:Fūri
1079:Baku
545:2013
508:ISBN
461:ISBN
436:ISBN
409:ISBN
344:ISBN
168:(大鏡)
123:The
62:and
40:百鬼夜行
2779:Oni
2316:Ten
1927:Oni
1819:Nue
378:doi
59:oni
2760::
2222:ja
1280:ja
1138:ja
531:.
492:^
450:^
384:.
374:54
372:.
358:^
219:,
577:e
570:t
563:v
547:.
516:.
486:.
467:。
444:.
417:.
392:.
380::
352:.
238:(
140:.
111:"
37:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
