53:
31:
263:
are widely spaced, thick, and waxy. In gasteroid forms, fruit body shape is irregular, with thin walls. Also, the peridium (the outer layer of the spore-bearing organ) is sometimes short-lasting (evanescent). Columella (the central, sterile part of the
855:
907:
981:
751:
829:
531:
Roy M, Dubois MP, Proffit M, Vincenot L, Desmarais E, Selosse MA (2008). "Evidence from population genetics that the ectomycorrhizal basidiomycete
868:
469:
259:
production, like puffballs). When pileate, the cap is smooth to scaly, sometimes striate, typically orange-brown or violet in color. The
512:(Agaricales) in the Continental United States and Canada, with discussions on extralimital taxa and descriptions of extant types".
943:
986:
144:
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894:
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52:
400:
912:
420:
119:
971:
704:
123:
948:
922:
777:
669:
544:
39:
821:
742:
685:
611:
568:
260:
47:
656:
Beaton G, Pegler DN, Young TW (1984). "Gasteroid
Basidiomycota of Victoria State, Australia. I.
358:
172:
930:
764:
560:
465:
442:
248:
860:
935:
677:
603:
552:
434:
321:
244:
193:
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220:
201:
808:
673:
548:
816:
374:
313:
297:
178:
94:
630:
965:
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572:
556:
343:
84:
769:
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842:
736:
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240:
727:
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30:
387:
334:
281:
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204:
160:
132:
104:
803:
790:
425:
363:
317:
228:
208:
64:
564:
446:
215:
regions throughout the world, the family contains about 30 species in four
881:
721:
350:
339:
320:
relationships with various plant species, and have an important role in
301:
285:
269:
212:
166:
689:
615:
379:
277:
847:
273:
216:
74:
886:
834:
698:
681:
607:
795:
383:
367:
256:
197:
421:"Major clades of Agaricales: a multilocus phylogenetic overview"
702:
354:
has 'typical' mushroom-shaped (pileate-stipiate) fruit bodies.
782:
485:
Mueller GM. (1997). "Distribution and species composition of
296:
Hydnangiaceae taxa have a widespread distribution in both
419:
Matheny PB, Curtis JM, Hofstetter V, et al. (2006).
223:
relationships with various species of trees in both
711:
464:. Wallingford, UK: CAB International. p. 164.
284:, sometimes with accompanying cheilocystidia (
8:
280:are club-shaped (clavate), with two or four
699:
29:
20:
596:Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden
411:
366:genus containing a single species from
272:are not gelatinized, and are formed in
489:in tropical and subtropical America".
382:fruit bodies, with partially exposed
7:
923:f747dd76-ac6a-470d-9692-45a8a6b8375d
631:"Type Studies on Basidiomycetes IX:
219:. Species in the Hydnangiaceae form
982:Taxa named by Carroll William Dodge
535:is an actual multihost symbiont".
14:
346:, with no stipe, nor a columella.
557:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2008.03790.x
268:) may be absent or present, the
51:
1:
586:Dodge CW, Zeller SM (1936).
508:Mueller GM. "Systematics of
491:Revista de Biología Tropical
462:Fungal Families of the World
460:Cannon PF, Kirk PM (2007).
401:List of Agaricales families
1003:
439:10.3852/mycologia.98.6.982
312:Hydnangiaceae species are
157:
152:
138:
131:
48:Scientific classification
46:
37:
28:
23:
386:at the base and a stipe
292:Distribution and habitat
288:on the edges of gills).
251:(pileate-stipiate), or
987:Taxa described in 1928
487:Laccaria (Agaricales)
533:Laccaria amethystina
40:Laccaria amethystina
977:Agaricales families
674:1984KewBu..39..499B
592:and related genera"
549:2008MolEc..17.2825R
629:Singer R. (1959).
362:is a poorly known
342:fruit bodies like
959:
958:
931:Open Tree of Life
705:Taxon identifiers
633:Maccagnia carnica
543:(12): 2825–2838.
537:Molecular Ecology
514:Fieldiana: Botany
471:978-0-85199-827-5
322:forest ecosystems
186:
185:
127:
994:
952:
951:
939:
938:
926:
925:
916:
915:
903:
902:
900:NHMSYS0001484292
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619:
583:
577:
576:
528:
522:
521:
505:
499:
498:
482:
476:
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457:
451:
450:
416:
207:. Widespread in
200:in the mushroom
118:
56:
55:
33:
21:
1002:
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682:10.2307/4108593
655:
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623:
608:10.2307/2394151
585:
584:
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530:
529:
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484:
483:
479:
472:
459:
458:
454:
418:
417:
413:
409:
397:
330:
314:ectomycorrhizal
310:
294:
255:(with internal
237:
221:ectomycorrhizal
176:
170:
164:
148:
142:
117:
50:
17:
16:Family of fungi
12:
11:
5:
1000:
998:
990:
989:
984:
979:
974:
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963:
957:
956:
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927:
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787:
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761:
748:
733:
717:
715:
709:
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703:
696:
695:
668:(3): 499–508.
648:
621:
602:(4): 565–598.
578:
523:
516:. New Series.
500:
477:
470:
452:
433:(6): 982–995.
410:
408:
405:
404:
403:
396:
393:
392:
391:
375:Podohydnangium
371:
355:
347:
329:
326:
309:
306:
293:
290:
239:They may have
236:
233:
184:
183:
179:Podohydnangium
155:
154:
150:
149:
143:
136:
135:
129:
128:
112:
108:
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98:
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95:Agaricomycetes
92:
88:
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78:
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68:
67:
62:
58:
57:
44:
43:
35:
34:
26:
25:
24:Hydnangiaceae
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
999:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
972:Hydnangiaceae
970:
969:
967:
950:
945:
941:
937:
932:
928:
924:
918:
914:
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836:
831:
827:
823:
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797:
792:
788:
784:
779:
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771:
766:
762:
758:
753:
749:
744:
743:Hydnangiaceae
738:
734:
729:
723:
719:
718:
716:
714:
713:Hydnangiaceae
710:
706:
701:
691:
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
658:Hydnangiaceae
652:
649:
644:
640:
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634:
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591:
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242:
234:
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199:
195:
191:
190:Hydnangiaceae
182:
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174:
169:
168:
163:
162:
156:
151:
146:
141:
137:
134:
130:
125:
121:
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115:Hydnangiaceae
113:
110:
109:
106:
103:
100:
99:
96:
93:
90:
89:
86:
85:Basidiomycota
83:
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63:
60:
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54:
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45:
42:
41:
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32:
27:
22:
19:
712:
665:
662:Kew Bulletin
661:
657:
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642:
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632:
624:
599:
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589:
581:
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494:
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486:
480:
461:
455:
430:
424:
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373:
357:
349:
333:
311:
295:
241:fruit bodies
238:
189:
187:
177:
171:
165:
159:
158:
139:
114:
38:
18:
843:iNaturalist
737:Wikispecies
235:Description
966:Categories
645:: 235–238.
590:Hydnangium
497:: 131–135.
407:References
388:columnella
335:Hydnangium
316:, forming
282:sterigmata
266:sporangium
225:coniferous
205:Agaricales
161:Hydnangium
140:Hydnangium
133:Type genus
105:Agaricales
81:Division:
804:FloraBase
573:205360939
426:Mycologia
364:gasteroid
359:Maccagnia
318:symbiotic
298:temperate
253:gasteroid
231:forests.
229:deciduous
209:temperate
173:Maccagnia
124:C.W.Dodge
71:Kingdom:
65:Eukaryota
882:MycoBank
817:Fungorum
757:60013493
752:AusFungi
728:Q1933471
722:Wikidata
565:18489549
520:: 1–158.
510:Laccaria
447:17486974
395:See also
351:Laccaria
344:truffles
340:hypogeal
302:tropical
286:cystidia
213:tropical
167:Laccaria
111:Family:
61:Domain:
690:4108593
670:Bibcode
639:Sydowia
616:2394151
545:Bibcode
380:epigeal
378:has sub
308:Ecology
304:zones.
278:Basidia
274:locules
270:hymenia
153:Genera
101:Order:
91:Class:
949:178055
936:850291
920:NZOR:
913:330899
874:623900
861:108967
848:351075
796:1HYDMF
688:
614:
571:
563:
468:
445:
328:Genera
245:stipes
217:genera
194:family
192:are a
147:(1839)
145:Wallr.
126:(1928)
122:&
944:WoRMS
887:80874
856:IRMNG
822:80874
809:23313
770:624V8
686:JSTOR
612:JSTOR
569:S2CID
384:gleba
368:Italy
261:gills
257:spore
243:with
202:order
198:fungi
120:Gäum.
75:Fungi
908:NCBI
869:ITIS
835:8445
830:GBIF
791:EPPO
783:5982
561:PMID
466:ISBN
443:PMID
338:has
300:and
249:caps
247:and
227:and
211:and
188:The
895:NBN
778:EoL
765:CoL
678:doi
660:".
604:doi
553:doi
435:doi
196:of
968::
946::
933::
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845::
832::
819::
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793::
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767::
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739::
724::
684:.
676:.
666:39
664:.
643:13
641:.
637:.
610:.
600:23
598:.
594:.
567:.
559:.
551:.
541:17
539:.
518:30
495:44
493:.
441:.
431:98
429:.
423:.
324:.
276:.
692:.
680::
672::
635:"
618:.
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588:"
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449:.
437::
390:.
370:.
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