595:
1130:
605:
741:
615:
1484:
55:
1317:, understanding the physiological basis of olfactory perception is essential for developing effective pest management techniques. By mining the beetle's genome and characterizing novel OBPs, researchers can uncover key insights into its sensory mechanisms. Furthermore, by elucidating the interactions between OBPs and volatile compounds released by its preferred host plant, researchers can identify potential disruptors of pest behavior.
531:
42:
1550:, such as pheromones and kairomones, for pest management has been poorly developed, adding to the challenge of mitigating their impact. Alternative strategies based on ethology, such as disrupting mating or host finding, are being explored as options for pest management. Studies have also shown that adding manure to soil, which increases the availability of labile organic matter such as
998:, which are compounds that elicit attraction response from males. The ability of females to release these pheromones likely evolved as a mechanism to increase their reproductive success by attracting males for mating. On the other hand, males do not attract other males, indicating specific response to female cues.
1362:
Olfaction is implicated in foraging, host selection, mate finding, aggregation, and reproductive behaviors in numerous insect species. The comparative analysis of chemoreceptors, including gustatory receptors (GRs), ionotropic receptors (IRs), and odorant receptors (ORs), sheds light on the molecular
1172:
Third instar larvae feeding on soils with lower POM content exhibit diminished live weight compared to those on high POM soil, underscoring the influence of soil quality on larval development. The observed weight loss nearing pupation suggests a transition phase characterized by reduced feeding rates
1120:
data indicates that males are primarily involved in dispersal flights, as they are predominantly captured in traps. This suggests that males engage in active flight to search for mates. Females, on the other hand, are less frequently caught in light traps, indicating a more sedentary behavior that is
1198:
exhibits cryptic habits, making conventional control methods challenging. Consequently, there's a pressing need for alternative, environmentally friendly strategies. Understanding the beetle's sensory mechanisms offers promising avenues for modifying its behavior. One key aspect of this is the study
502:
Males' front legs are usually green or light brown to match their body color. While females' front legs are mostly light brown, their back legs are green like their bodies. Male beetles have all green legs with a shiny appearance, especially on the middle and back legs, while females have green legs
1051:
suggests a form of sexual selection among males. Those individuals capable of detecting and responding to female pheromones may have a reproductive advantage by increasing their chances of encountering and mating with receptive females. Over time, this preference for specific chemical cues released
1270:
senses, indicating their pivotal role in chemosensation. Notably, HeleOBP1 and HeleOBP3 exhibit heightened expression levels in the antenna, suggesting their involvement in detecting semiochemicals relevant to host-seeking and oviposition behaviors. Conversely, HeleOBP4 and HeleOBP6 show increased
1164:
Research indicates a strong correlation between larval growth and the quality of organic matter present in the soil rather than its quantity. Larvae feeding on soils rich in POM exhibit enhanced growth rates and increased live weight compared to those on soils with lower POM content, particularly
959:
suggests a potential role in sex-specific behaviors and reproductive strategies. Sex-biased expression analysis of selected ORs revealed differential expression patterns between male and female antennae, suggesting potential roles in mediating sex-specific behaviors or responses to environmental
1168:
The physiological response of larvae to varying soil conditions is evident in their live weight dynamics over time. The study highlights that the magnitude of the effect of POM content on live weight varies at different sampling times, suggesting temporal variations in larval growth patterns in
1176:
Exploration of faecal production reveals physiological adjustments in nutrient utilization or metabolic processes during prolonged feeding periods, impacting faecal output in third instar larvae. While the POM content of soils does not significantly affect relative faecal weight per larva, the
1425:
in insects. GRs are involved in recognizing a wide range of tastants, including bitter and sweet molecules, sugars, nutrients, and carbon dioxide. Meanwhile, IRs play diverse roles depending on the insect species, including thermal and water sensations, as well as avoidance behaviors, such as
1156:
particles for their nutritional requirements. This preference for POM suggests a specialized physiological adaptation to efficiently utilize certain types or qualities of organic matter present in the soil. The larvae's ability to selectively ingest POM indicates a sophisticated physiological
549:
to assess their surroundings. These sensory structures, such as sensilla coeloconica or sensilla styloconica, are known to respond to changes in humidity and temperature. This suggests that the beetle is adapted to habitats where these sensory cues play a significant role, favoring areas with
1039:
sensilla on their antennae compared to females, demonstrate a heightened ability to detect pheromones, reflecting their active role in mate searching. Sensilla placodea, sensilla coeloconica, and sensilla basiconica are identified as the main sensory structures involved in chemoreception,
1013:
is notably influenced by host-plant volatiles, suggesting a mechanism by which adults locate potential mates. Male beetles exhibit a remarkable ability to recognize females while they are feeding on leaves, indicating the presence of sexual kairomones released by the attacked plants.
1271:
expression in mouthparts, potentially implicating them in the perception of feeding-related cues. These tissue-specific expression patterns provide valuable insights into the functional roles of OBPs in mediating insect behaviors related to mating, feeding, and oviposition.
1865:
1027:), to deposit their fertilized eggs. The seasonal flight period typically occurs from 11th November to 27th January. This oviposition behavior indicates a deliberate selection of oviposition sites, likely driven by volatile compounds emitted by preferred host plants.
1169:
response to changes in soil quality. Furthermore, the growth rates of larvae feeding on soils with different POM contents exhibit significant differences, indicating distinct physiological responses to nutrient availability and organic matter composition.
1055:
Observations suggest that mating encounters occur on foliage, where females remain feeding on host leaves, potentially enhancing male response towards the sex pheromone released by females. Compounds released from the host tree, such as those found in the
880:
corresponding to different sensory functions, including bitter, sugar, and carbon dioxide (CO2) reception. Transcript abundance analysis revealed HeleGR21a as the most abundant GR transcript, followed by HeleGR7, indicating their potential importance in
1223:
odorants, transporting them to olfactory receptors and initiating the olfactory process. Researchers aim to identify candidate compounds for pest control by leveraging the affinity of OBPs for specific odorants. By combining computational tools such as
1214:
Among the proteins involved in olfactory perception, OBPs stand out as crucial players. These small, soluble proteins are present in sensory organs and are characterized by their structure, which allows them to bind to odorant molecules. OBPs serve as
471:
The white worm beetle has a distinct appearance due to its long body, usually measuring between 11.8 to 18.2 millimetres (0.465 to 0.717 in) long, and 5.8 to 10.8 millimetres (0.228 to 0.425 in) wide across the shoulders. It showcases an
1508:
infested with these larvae may also experience indirect effects. Damage to pasture plants' roots can lead to reduced forage availability and quality, affecting livestock nutrition and productivity. Additionally, irregular outbreaks of
522:. The front legs have three small teeth at the end, and the back legs have a bump on the outer edge. The bottom part of the legs have small bumps, and the very last part of the body is slightly curved, both in males and females.
692:
begins with its larval stage, which develops in the soil, specifically in the root layer of various plants, including crops. The larvae feed on plant roots, making them significant pests in agricultural settings. The larvae of
1755:
Venthur, Herbert; Zhou, Jing-Jiang; Mutis, Ana; Ceballos, Ricardo; Mella-Herrera, Rodrigo; Larama, Giovanni; Avila, Andrés; Iturriaga-Vásquez, Patricio; Faundez-Parraguez, Manuel; Alvear, Marysol; Quiroz, Andrés (July 2016).
1928:
Lizana, Paula; Mutis, Ana; Palma-Millanao, Rubén; González-González, Angélica; Ceballos, Ricardo; Quiroz, Andrés; Bardehle, Leonardo; Hidalgo, Alejandro; Torres, Fernanda; Romero-López, Angel; Venthur, Herbert (2024-03-01).
1495:
The beetle poses significant challenges for both humans and livestock in
Central and Southern Chile and Southwestern Argentina. The larvae of these beetles inflict severe agricultural damage by feeding on the roots of
1471:. Significant expression differences were observed for certain ORs, indicating a role in mediating sex-specific behaviors or responses to environmental cues. The differential expression of ORs between male and female
1799:
968:
in female antennae, indicating potential differences in chemosensory responses between sexes. These findings provide valuable insights into the genetic basis of sex-specific behaviors and chemical communication in
1203:(OBPs), which play a crucial role in the beetle's olfactory perception. These proteins, characterized by their structure and function, facilitate the recognition of odorants and their transport to olfactory
1231:
The focus on odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) sheds light on the beetle's olfactory perception mechanisms. Despite the prediction of six OBPs from the genome draft, only four were successfully amplified via
1554:(POM), can reduce larval damage to pasture plants. The presence of POM may serve as an alternative food source for scarab larvae, potentially decreasing their intensity of feeding on plant roots.
459:-binding proteins and chemoreceptors, provides insights into their behavior and potential management strategies. Their interactions with humans and livestock pose challenges in agriculture and
2157:"Virtual Screening of Plant Volatile Compounds Reveals a High Affinity of Hylamorpha elegans (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Odorant-Binding Proteins for Sesquiterpenes From Its Native Host"
2043:"Virtual Screening of Plant Volatile Compounds Reveals a High Affinity of Hylamorpha elegans (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Odorant-Binding Proteins for Sesquiterpenes From Its Native Host"
866:, 22 GR transcripts, and 14 IR transcripts for the species. The identification of these transcripts provides valuable insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying chemoreception in
1800:"Description of the Larvae of Hylamorpha elegans (Burmeister, 1844) and Aulacopalpus punctatus (Fairmaire and Germain, 1860) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Anoplognathini)"
2109:"Live weight and relative faecal production of H ylamorpha elegans ( B urm.) ( C oleoptera: S carabaeidae) larvae fed on soils with different particulate organic matter content"
1064:
leaves, interact with female pheromones to increase male responsiveness. This behavior underscores the significance of plant volatiles in facilitating mating interactions.
1298:
of chemicals relevant to the beetle's olfactory perception and behavior. These compounds hold promise for future analysis aimed at elucidating their roles as attractants,
952:. Furthermore, the identification of specific GRs associated with carbon dioxide detection implies their involvement in environmental sensing and possibly mate location.
2041:
González-González, AngĂ©lica; Palma-Millanao, RubĂ©n; Yáñez, Osvaldo; Rojas, Maximiliano; Mutis, Ana; Venthur, Herbert; Quiroz, AndrĂ©s; RamĂrez, Claudio C. (2016-03-23).
1165:
evident in second instar larvae feeding on high POM soil. This underscores the importance of organic matter composition in facilitating optimal growth and development.
518:
are triangular and end in a sharp or rounded point. Its back has tiny bumps or dots, and its sides have a small edge. The back legs and the lower body have long white
2653:
1228:
and molecular dynamics, researchers can predict the interactions between OBPs and volatile compounds, providing insights into potential pest management strategies.
2666:
2509:
1194:, a native Chilean scarab beetle, are tied to its ecological interactions, particularly its olfactory perception and behavior. As a relevant agricultural pest,
463:, driving the exploration of alternative pest management approaches like disrupting mating behavior or enhancing soil organic matter to reduce larval damage.
1504:
in Chile. The beetle is also a significant pest in berry crops and common hazel orchards, reducing crop yields and forage availability. Livestock grazing on
1841:"WINTER FOOD PREFERENCE OF BLACK-FACED IBIS (THERISTICUS MELANOPIS GMELIN 1789) IN PASTURES OF SOUTHERN CHILE | Searchable Ornithological Research Archive"
495:(wing covers) can range from light to dark green, sometimes with shiny silver or bronze reflections, and rarely orange. Under certain conditions or after
1758:"β-Ionone as putative semiochemical suggested by ligand binding on an odorant-binding protein of Hylamorpha elegans and electroantennographic recordings"
587:
species, which serve as its primary food source. It's an agricultural pest in Chile where the larvae feed on grain and the adults defoliate young trees.
764:). The black-faced ibis is known for its tactile, non-visual hunting strategy, utilizing its long and slender bill to probe the ground for prey such as
1408:. Among these receptors, ORs are central to mediating various behavioral responses, such as attraction or repulsion, by transducing olfactory signals.
2627:
2483:
1616:
1583:
1243:, indicating their crucial role in olfactory processes. The characterized OBPs, namely HeleOBP1, HeleOBP3, HeleOBP4, and HeleOBP6, vary in length,
929:(ORs) are critical for detecting volatile compounds in the environment and are essential for various behaviors, including host-seeking and mating.
779:
larvae were found to provide a higher mean biomass and energetic content compared to other prey, making them a preferred food source for the ibis.
675:
This shift in dietary preference signifies a change in ecological niche and resource utilization as the beetle progresses through its life cycle.
1543:. These adult beetles often congregate, feed, and mate in the canopy of these trees. This defoliation can result in the death of young trees.
1236:(PCR) from cDNA extracted from adult individuals. Notably, these transcripts exhibited higher abundance in chemosensitive tissues compared to
1467:
Sex-biased expression analysis of selected ORs provided insights into potential differences in olfactory sensitivity between male and female
672:. This feeding behavior can result in the death of young trees, particularly when there are large numbers of the white worm beetles on them.
1513:
larvae in grasses and small grain cereals can be challenging for farmers and ranchers in maintaining viable pasturelands and cereal crops.
640:, this beetle primarily feeds on the roots of grasses and small grain cereals, leading to severe agricultural damage in regions like Chile.
1177:
negative effect of feeding duration highlights the dynamic nature of larval physiology in response to changing environmental conditions.
948:
suggests a potential role in mediating feeding behaviors and host selection, consistent with the generalist feeding behavior observed in
2727:
1931:"Comparative transcriptomic analysis of chemoreceptors in two sympatric scarab beetles, Hylamorpha elegans and Brachysternus prasinus"
2263:
González-González, AngĂ©lica; Rubio-MelĂ©ndez, MarĂa E.; Ballesteros, Gabriel I.; RamĂrez, Claudio C.; Palma-Millanao, RubĂ©n (2019).
1516:
Additionally, their adult counterparts occasionally cause extensive defoliation on secondary host plants, particularly species of
1390:
for detecting sugars from various tree species, potentially influencing feeding behavior, host selection, and defense mechanisms.
2712:
1258:
represents a crucial advancement, particularly considering the limited genomic information available for scarab beetle species.
816:
is crucial for insect behavior such as host-seeking, mate finding, and aggregation. Chemoreception in insects involves specific
636:
The white worm beetle exhibits a broad diet encompassing various plant parts, making it a significant agricultural pest. In its
1129:
964:
in female antennae, while HeleOR46 showed significant upregulation in male antennae. Similarly, BpraOR1 exhibited significant
431:, causing damage to crops by feeding on grass and cereal roots in their larval stage. Additionally, they defoliate trees like
2155:
González-González, A.; Palma-Millanao, R.; Yáñez, O.; Rojas, M.; Mutis, A.; Venthur, H.; Quiroz, A.; RamĂrez, C. C. (2016).
1644:
1052:
by females may drive the evolution of male sensory mechanisms, enhancing their ability to locate mates in the environment.
647:
occasionally causes significant defoliation on its secondary host plants, which predominantly include species of the genus
2265:"Sex- and tissue-specific expression of odorant-binding proteins and chemosensory proteins in adults of the scarab beetle
594:
824:. These proteins are responsible for recognizing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the environment, and among them,
1113:
775:, commonly known as the southern green chafer, are among the important prey items consumed by the black-faced ibis. The
598:
The beetle thrives across central and southern Chile and southwestern
Argentina, closely linked to the Andes' landscape
2722:
2575:
2431:
1207:. Through the identification of OBPs and their interactions with volatile compounds released by its native host plant
420:
Their mating behavior is influenced by host-plant volatiles, with males being attracted to females emitting specific
2671:
2514:
720:
larvae exhibit specific morphological characteristics that distinguish them from larvae of related species, such as
54:
2717:
1551:
1216:
1149:
912:. Transcript abundance analysis revealed HeleIR8a, HeleIR25a, and HeleIR76b as the most abundant IR transcripts in
604:
1233:
1881:
1200:
1866:"A Review of the Genus Hylamorpha Arrow (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Anoplognathini: Brachysternina)"
724:. These distinctions include coloration, roughness of the cephalic capsule, and the distribution and shape of
828:(ORs) play a central role in transducing olfactory information toward the central nervous system of insects.
1002:
plays a crucial role in scarab beetle mating behavior, aiding in the location of potential mates, food, and
986:
The mating behavior of the white worm beetle is intricately linked to chemical communication facilitated by
424:
while feeding on leaves. Once mating occurs, females lay eggs on preferred host plants, such as red clover.
2412:
2374:
1405:
1373:
732:
larvae typically display a slightly rugose, shiny, red surface with a head width averaging 4.2 ± 0.12 mm.
699:
904:(TMDs) and were distributed across different clades associated with various sensory functions, including
2707:
2436:
1987:
Quiroz, AndrĂ©s; Palma, Ruben; EtcheverrĂa, Paulina; Navarro, Vicente; Rebolledo, RamĂłn (April 1, 2007).
1528:
1524:
901:
657:
653:
186:
2580:
2330:
1136:
larvae prefer particulate organic matter (POM) and their growth rates vary based on POM content in soil
1930:
740:
2601:
2457:
1437:
1418:
1352:
863:
847:
697:
have been found alongside the larvae of other
Chilean beetle scarab species including the larvae of
146:
1073:
973:
and contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying insect chemoreception.
1732:
1539:
1532:
1460:. The presence of coreceptors such as HeleIR8a and HeleIR25a shows their importance in mediating
1275:
1023:
920:
668:
661:
211:
202:
163:
49:
1475:
suggests a role in sex-specific behaviors, including mate location and reproductive strategies.
1993:
Burmeister (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Are
Attracted to Odors Released from Conspecific Females"
1483:
2679:
2658:
2588:
2444:
2354:
2308:
2290:
2240:
2232:
2186:
2128:
2080:
2062:
2014:
1958:
1950:
1885:
1819:
1777:
1724:
1716:
1356:
1341:
1244:
1225:
1211:, researchers aim to uncover new semiochemicals that could potentially disrupt pest behavior.
1085:
926:
825:
713:
of eggs by females. These eggs give rise to larvae, which constitute the third instar stage.
511:
2684:
405:
matter, aiding in the breakdown of dead plant material. This process contributes to nutrient
2346:
2298:
2280:
2224:
2176:
2168:
2120:
2070:
2054:
2004:
1942:
1877:
1811:
1769:
1708:
1691:
Mutis, A.; Palma, R.; Parra, L.; Alvear, M.; Isaacs, R.; MorĂłn, M.; Quiroz, A. (June 2014).
1414:
1348:
1204:
1077:
995:
843:
757:
614:
476:
440:
2556:
1457:
909:
554:
428:
402:
1404:, which are responsible for recognizing and transducing olfactory information toward the
2335:(Burm.) on wheat plants sown in soils with different particulate organic matter content"
2108:
1757:
1491:
beetles remains challenging due to limited development of semiochemical-based strategies
1328:, crucial for insect behavior such as host-seeking and mate finding, relies on specific
1262:
analyses revealed that these OBPs are predominantly expressed in organs associated with
2303:
2264:
2181:
2156:
2075:
2042:
1422:
1401:
1325:
1248:
1153:
930:
859:
851:
813:
542:
530:
480:
456:
136:
1988:
2701:
2350:
1547:
1057:
855:
788:
452:
444:
356:
2228:
550:
specific moisture and temperature levels conducive to their emergence and activity.
2449:
1736:
1464:
responses, with implications for environmental sensing and behavioral adaptations.
1461:
1433:
1299:
1283:
1036:
991:
965:
917:
882:
873:
832:
776:
410:
344:
116:
2593:
514:
have ten sections, with one section longer in males than in females. The beetle's
41:
2541:
796:
that inadvertently plummet into the lake from the overhanging
Nothophagus trees.
2640:
2550:
2496:
2406:
1427:
1291:
961:
710:
484:
387:
2397:
1021:
engage in a distinct behavior of flying to specific crops, such as red clover (
1946:
1712:
1518:
1394:
1387:
1303:
1295:
1251:, reflecting their diverse functions in odorant detection and discrimination.
1220:
1158:
1117:
1097:
1003:
900:
antennae identified 14 HeleIRs and 3 BpraIRs. These transcripts exhibited 3-4
619:
583:
432:
383:
375:
350:
2358:
2294:
2236:
2132:
2066:
1954:
1889:
1823:
1781:
1720:
510:
The beetle's head has small bumps or dots and is usually green or brown. Its
2614:
2470:
2208:
2172:
2058:
1692:
1453:
1449:
1411:
1397:
1345:
1267:
1263:
1041:
999:
987:
905:
893:
889:
840:
578:
546:
488:
436:
421:
406:
391:
360:
126:
86:
66:
2567:
2423:
2312:
2244:
2190:
2084:
2018:
1962:
1728:
786:
In
January, at Lago Traful in Argentina's Neuquén Province, rainbow trout (
2009:
839:. While ORs have been the primary focus, attention has also been given to
17:
2535:
2391:
1815:
1337:
1329:
1287:
831:
Recent studies have shed light on the genetic basis of chemoreception in
821:
820:
located in the antennae, particularly in hair-like sensory organs called
817:
515:
460:
448:
414:
1121:
likely associated with feeding on host leaves during the flight period.
800:
is incredibly abundant along the shores of this lake and likely others.
2632:
2488:
2285:
1935:
Comparative
Biochemistry and Physiology Part D: Genomics and Proteomics
1505:
1497:
1237:
492:
399:
395:
379:
368:
336:
2645:
2501:
2124:
1773:
1607:
1574:
1501:
1445:
1294:, alpha-gurjunene, and aromadendrene, were identified, expanding the
1259:
1089:
990:
and sensory structures on their antennae. Virgin females release 1,4-
877:
558:
364:
340:
106:
96:
76:
2368:
1378:
another South
American scarab beetle that lives in similar areas as
1254:
The identification of four novel odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) in
2619:
2475:
1840:
744:
Black-faced ibis, known for its tactile hunting strategy, preys on
374:
This beetle is recognized for its unique appearance and intriguing
1482:
1240:
1128:
1101:
739:
725:
637:
574:
570:
529:
504:
496:
2213:(Burm.) and Phytoloema hermanni Germ. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)"
2606:
2462:
1340:, which are hair-like sensory organs. These proteins, including
1081:
1048:
934:
519:
473:
447:
contribute to controlling their population. Understanding their
2372:
1093:
862:
ORs, GRs, and IRs. This analysis identified a total of 102 OR
553:
White worm adults typically emerge from the ground during the
1173:
and metabolic adjustments, impacting larval growth dynamics.
1693:"Morphology and Distribution of Sensilla on the Antennae of
1882:
10.1649/0010-065X(2002)056[0367:AROTGH]2.0.CO;2
1864:
Ratcliffe, Brett C.; Ocampo, Federico C. (September 2002).
1072:
One of the notable aspects of the white worm beetle is its
955:
The differential expression of ORs between male and female
888:
Ionotropic receptors (IRs) play crucial roles in mediating
503:
with varying degrees of shine. The ends of their front leg
1798:
Cisternas, A. Ernesto; Carrillo, Ll
Roberto (March 2012).
960:
cues. HeleOR14, HeleOR64, and HeleOrco were significantly
1148:
larvae exhibit a selective feeding behavior, preferring
623:
species are vital food sources for the white worm beetle
581:. Its range notably corresponds to the distribution of
748:
larvae due to their high biomass and energetic content
2525:
2381:
709:undergoes a complex life cycle, beginning with the
1371:has a larger number of identified GRs compared to
1355:(IRs), play essential roles in detecting volatile
1031:Chemosensory and pheromones in relation to mating
896:responses in insects. Transcriptomic analysis of
569:The white worm beetle inhabits both sides of the
783:larvae are not immune to predation by the ibis.
545:, they likely rely on hygro and thermoreceptive
1274:The discovery of novel volatile compounds from
608:White worm beetle feeding on grain cereal roots
409:and soil enrichment. This species is primarily
2107:Millas, Paz; Carrillo, Roberto (August 2014).
1440:(IRs) reveals a diverse array of receptors in
1157:mechanism for nutrient acquisition and energy
756:beetle consist of avian predators such as the
1278:leaves further enriches our understanding of
916:highlighting their potential significance in
8:
768:larvae and other terrestrial invertebrates.
499:, it can turn blue, red, orange, or purple.
398:, makes it easily identifiable. It feeds on
390:, with variations in color across its head,
2329:Millas, Paz; Carrillo, Roberto (May 2011).
1602:
1600:
1035:Males, equipped with a larger abundance of
435:species during adulthood, impacting forest
2369:
944:The presence of a larger number of GRs in
40:
31:
2302:
2284:
2180:
2074:
2008:
1645:"Scarabaeoidea of Southern South America"
933:analysis revealed 65 OR transcripts plus
561:, particularly when evenings are warmer.
2269:(Burmeister) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)"
1617:Global Biodiversity Information Facility
1584:Global Biodiversity Information Facility
1382:This larger number of identified GRs in
1116:in flight behavior compared to females.
1092:. Once mating occurs, females lay their
613:
603:
593:
589:
2207:Millas, Paz; Carrillo, Roberto (2010).
1563:
2036:
2034:
1697:Burmeister (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)"
1569:
1567:
1479:Interactions with humans and livestock
643:Additionally, during its adult stage,
347:. It is the only species in the genus
2324:
2322:
2258:
2256:
2254:
2202:
2200:
2150:
2148:
2146:
2144:
2142:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2094:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1976:
1974:
1972:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1835:
1833:
1750:
1748:
1746:
1686:
1684:
1282:physiology. Six compounds, including
286:
225:
7:
2209:"Rate of soil egestion by larvae of
1917:
1915:
1913:
1911:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1903:
1901:
1899:
1793:
1791:
1682:
1680:
1678:
1676:
1674:
1672:
1670:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1639:
1637:
1635:
1633:
2161:Journal of Insect Science (Online)
1047:This selective response to female
25:
1363:basis of olfactory perception in
2351:10.1111/j.1440-6055.2010.00801.x
2339:Australian Journal of Entomology
1112:Male beetles exhibit pronounced
53:
2229:10.1590/s1519-566x2010000500004
771:The study found that larvae of
1400:system, sensilla houses these
876:analysis delineated five main
1:
1359:(VOCs) from the environment.
1190:The physiological aspects of
1017:After copulation, females of
359:, particularly in regions of
1336:’ antennae, particularly in
1310:ecology and communication.
1040:particularly for detecting
355:. This beetle is native to
2744:
1870:The Coleopterists Bulletin
1804:The Coleopterists Bulletin
1552:particulate organic matter
1150:particulate organic matter
1096:in moist soil or decaying
2728:Agricultural pest insects
2047:Journal of Insect Science
1947:10.1016/j.cbd.2023.101174
1713:10.1007/s13744-014-0208-y
1421:(IRs) also contribute to
1234:polymerase chain reaction
854:analysis of its antennal
217:
210:
192:
185:
50:Scientific classification
48:
39:
34:
1997:Environmental Entomology
1201:odorant-binding proteins
1186:Odorant-binding proteins
573:in central and southern
439:. Predators such as the
272:Sulcipalpus subviolaceus
2713:Arthropods of Argentina
455:mechanisms mediated by
413:, so is often observed
248:Callichloris perelegans
2217:Neotropical Entomology
1701:Neotropical Entomology
1492:
1456:, hygrosensation, and
1406:central nervous system
1374:Brachysternus prasinus
1137:
908:, hygrosensation, and
749:
722:Aulacopalpus punctatus
700:Brachysternus prasinus
624:
609:
599:
538:
228:Aulacopalpus australis
2173:10.1093/jisesa/iew008
2059:10.1093/jisesa/iew008
1762:Entomological Science
1525:Nothofagus antarctica
1486:
1444:, distributed across
1132:
1076:behavior. During the
1044:and plant volatiles.
902:transmembrane domains
762:Theristicus melanopis
743:
716:The third instars of
654:Nothofagus antarctica
617:
607:
597:
533:
256:Hylamorpha cylindrica
236:Aulacopalpus elegans
1816:10.1649/072.066.0111
1438:ionotropic receptors
1419:ionotropic receptors
1353:ionotropic receptors
1084:engage in elaborate
848:ionotropic receptors
688:The life history of
386:. Its glossy green
2010:10.1093/ee/36.2.272
1386:suggests a broader
1104:hatch and develop.
1009:Mating behavior in
789:Oncorhynchus mykiss
752:The enemies of the
417:for food at night.
264:Hylamorpha rufimana
2723:Insects of Uruguay
2413:Hylamorpha elegans
2383:Hylamorpha elegans
2333:Hylamorpha elegans
2331:"Larval damage of
2286:10.7717/peerj.7054
2267:Hylamorpha elegans
2211:Hylamorpha elegans
2113:Austral Entomology
1991:Hylamorpha elegans
1695:Hylamorpha elegans
1577:Hylamorpha elegans
1493:
1334:Hylamorpha elegans
1313:In the context of
1276:Nothofagus obliqua
1209:Nothofagus obliqua
1192:Hylamorpha elegans
1146:Hylamorpha elegans
1138:
1086:courtship displays
1062:Nothofagus obliqua
1024:Trifolium pratense
982:Chemical compounds
921:signaling pathways
837:Hylamorpha elegans
812:in the context of
810:Hylamorpha elegans
794:Hylamorpha elegans
754:Hylamorpha elegans
750:
707:Hylamorpha elegans
625:
610:
600:
539:
535:Hylamorpha elegans
507:are always black.
429:agricultural pests
427:These beetles are
332:Hylamorpha elegans
316:Machatschke, 1965
196:Hylamorpha elegans
35:White worm beetle
2718:Beetles of Brazil
2695:
2694:
2680:Open Tree of Life
2375:Taxon identifiers
2125:10.1111/aen.12075
1774:10.1111/ens.12180
1649:unsm-ento.unl.edu
1357:organic compounds
1342:odorant receptors
1245:isoelectric point
1226:molecular docking
1108:Sexual dimorphism
927:Odorant receptors
826:odorant receptors
629:
628:
577:and southwestern
541:Similar to other
327:white worm beetle
323:
322:
317:
309:
301:
293:
292:Burmeister, 1844
284:
276:
268:
260:
252:
244:
232:
223:
167:
27:Species of beetle
16:(Redirected from
2735:
2688:
2687:
2675:
2674:
2662:
2661:
2649:
2648:
2636:
2635:
2623:
2622:
2610:
2609:
2597:
2596:
2584:
2583:
2571:
2570:
2561:
2560:
2559:
2546:
2545:
2544:
2518:
2517:
2505:
2504:
2492:
2491:
2479:
2478:
2466:
2465:
2453:
2452:
2440:
2439:
2427:
2426:
2417:
2416:
2415:
2402:
2401:
2400:
2370:
2363:
2362:
2326:
2317:
2316:
2306:
2288:
2260:
2249:
2248:
2204:
2195:
2194:
2184:
2152:
2137:
2136:
2104:
2089:
2088:
2078:
2038:
2029:
2028:
2026:
2025:
2012:
1984:
1967:
1966:
1925:
1894:
1893:
1861:
1855:
1854:
1852:
1851:
1837:
1828:
1827:
1795:
1786:
1785:
1752:
1741:
1740:
1688:
1659:
1658:
1656:
1655:
1641:
1628:
1627:
1625:
1624:
1604:
1595:
1594:
1592:
1591:
1571:
1500:and small grain
1487:Pest control of
1448:associated with
1286:, beta-ocimene,
1152:(POM) over fine
996:1,4-benzoquinone
808:The genetics of
758:black-faced ibis
590:
441:black-faced ibis
378:role within its
315:
307:
299:
291:
280:
274:
266:
258:
250:
242:
239:
230:
221:Species synonymy
219:
198:
162:
58:
57:
44:
32:
21:
2743:
2742:
2738:
2737:
2736:
2734:
2733:
2732:
2698:
2697:
2696:
2691:
2683:
2678:
2670:
2665:
2657:
2652:
2644:
2639:
2631:
2626:
2618:
2613:
2605:
2600:
2592:
2587:
2579:
2574:
2566:
2564:
2555:
2554:
2549:
2540:
2539:
2534:
2521:
2513:
2508:
2500:
2495:
2487:
2482:
2474:
2469:
2461:
2456:
2448:
2443:
2435:
2430:
2422:
2420:
2411:
2410:
2405:
2396:
2395:
2390:
2377:
2367:
2366:
2328:
2327:
2320:
2262:
2261:
2252:
2206:
2205:
2198:
2154:
2153:
2140:
2106:
2105:
2092:
2040:
2039:
2032:
2023:
2021:
1986:
1985:
1970:
1927:
1926:
1897:
1863:
1862:
1858:
1849:
1847:
1839:
1838:
1831:
1797:
1796:
1789:
1754:
1753:
1744:
1690:
1689:
1662:
1653:
1651:
1643:
1642:
1631:
1622:
1620:
1606:
1605:
1598:
1589:
1587:
1573:
1572:
1565:
1560:
1481:
1458:thermosensation
1332:located in the
1323:
1188:
1183:
1143:
1127:
1110:
1070:
1033:
984:
979:
910:thermosensation
806:
738:
686:
681:
634:
567:
528:
469:
275:Nonfried, 1894
243:Philippi, 1861
237:
231:Philippi, 1861
206:
200:
194:
181:
178:H. elegans
161:
52:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2741:
2739:
2731:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2715:
2710:
2700:
2699:
2693:
2692:
2690:
2689:
2676:
2663:
2650:
2637:
2624:
2611:
2598:
2585:
2572:
2562:
2547:
2531:
2529:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2519:
2506:
2493:
2480:
2467:
2454:
2441:
2428:
2418:
2403:
2387:
2385:
2379:
2378:
2373:
2365:
2364:
2345:(2): 125–129.
2318:
2250:
2223:(5): 697–702.
2196:
2138:
2119:(3): 275–279.
2090:
2030:
2003:(2): 272–280.
1968:
1895:
1876:(3): 367–378.
1856:
1829:
1787:
1768:(3): 188–200.
1742:
1707:(3): 260–265.
1660:
1629:
1596:
1562:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1548:semiochemicals
1522:trees such as
1480:
1477:
1423:chemoreception
1402:chemoreceptors
1326:Chemoreception
1322:
1321:Chemoreceptors
1319:
1249:molecular mass
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1154:organic matter
1142:
1139:
1126:
1123:
1109:
1106:
1069:
1066:
1032:
1029:
983:
980:
978:
975:
931:Transcriptomic
860:chemoreceptors
852:transcriptomic
814:chemoreception
805:
802:
737:
734:
685:
682:
680:
677:
633:
632:Food resources
630:
627:
626:
611:
601:
566:
563:
543:scarab beetles
537:adult specimen
527:
524:
479:and a smooth,
468:
465:
453:chemoreception
343:in the family
321:
320:
319:
318:
310:
302:
294:
282:Genus synonymy
278:
277:
269:
261:
253:
245:
233:
215:
214:
208:
207:
201:
190:
189:
183:
182:
175:
173:
169:
168:
154:
150:
149:
147:Brachysternina
144:
140:
139:
137:Anoplognathini
134:
130:
129:
124:
120:
119:
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
74:
70:
69:
64:
60:
59:
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2740:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
2709:
2706:
2705:
2703:
2686:
2681:
2677:
2673:
2668:
2664:
2660:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2629:
2625:
2621:
2616:
2612:
2608:
2603:
2599:
2595:
2590:
2586:
2582:
2577:
2573:
2569:
2563:
2558:
2552:
2548:
2543:
2537:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2524:
2516:
2511:
2507:
2503:
2498:
2494:
2490:
2485:
2481:
2477:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2459:
2455:
2451:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2419:
2414:
2408:
2404:
2399:
2393:
2389:
2388:
2386:
2384:
2380:
2376:
2371:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2334:
2325:
2323:
2319:
2314:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2268:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2251:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2218:
2214:
2212:
2203:
2201:
2197:
2192:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2158:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2145:
2143:
2139:
2134:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2114:
2110:
2103:
2101:
2099:
2097:
2095:
2091:
2086:
2082:
2077:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2060:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2037:
2035:
2031:
2020:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1992:
1983:
1981:
1979:
1977:
1975:
1973:
1969:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1924:
1922:
1920:
1918:
1916:
1914:
1912:
1910:
1908:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1900:
1896:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1860:
1857:
1846:
1842:
1836:
1834:
1830:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1794:
1792:
1788:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1751:
1749:
1747:
1743:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1698:
1696:
1687:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1661:
1650:
1646:
1640:
1638:
1636:
1634:
1630:
1619:
1618:
1613:
1611:
1603:
1601:
1597:
1586:
1585:
1580:
1578:
1570:
1568:
1564:
1557:
1555:
1553:
1549:
1544:
1542:
1541:
1536:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1521:
1520:
1514:
1512:
1507:
1503:
1499:
1490:
1485:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1470:
1465:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1429:
1424:
1420:
1416:
1413:
1409:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1396:
1391:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1375:
1370:
1366:
1360:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1320:
1318:
1316:
1311:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1281:
1277:
1272:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1252:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1239:
1235:
1229:
1227:
1222:
1218:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1197:
1193:
1185:
1180:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1160:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1140:
1135:
1131:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1115:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1078:mating season
1075:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1059:
1058:essential oil
1053:
1050:
1045:
1043:
1038:
1030:
1028:
1026:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1012:
1007:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
981:
976:
974:
972:
967:
963:
958:
953:
951:
947:
942:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
922:
919:
915:
911:
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
886:
884:
879:
875:
871:
869:
865:
861:
857:
856:transcriptome
853:
849:
845:
842:
838:
834:
829:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
803:
801:
799:
795:
791:
790:
784:
782:
778:
774:
769:
767:
763:
759:
755:
747:
742:
735:
733:
731:
728:on the raster
727:
723:
719:
714:
712:
708:
704:
703:
701:
696:
691:
683:
678:
676:
673:
671:
670:
665:
663:
659:
655:
650:
646:
641:
639:
631:
622:
621:
616:
612:
606:
602:
596:
592:
591:
588:
586:
585:
580:
576:
572:
564:
562:
560:
556:
551:
548:
544:
536:
532:
525:
523:
521:
517:
513:
508:
506:
500:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
478:
475:
466:
464:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
445:rainbow trout
442:
438:
434:
430:
425:
423:
418:
416:
412:
408:
404:
401:
397:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
372:
370:
366:
362:
358:
357:South America
354:
353:
352:
346:
342:
338:
334:
333:
328:
314:
311:
308:Dejean, 1833
306:
303:
300:Curtis, 1844
298:
295:
290:
287:
285:
283:
273:
270:
265:
262:
257:
254:
251:Curtis, 1845
249:
246:
241:
234:
229:
226:
224:
222:
216:
213:
209:
204:
199:
197:
191:
188:
187:Binomial name
184:
180:
179:
174:
171:
170:
165:
160:
159:
155:
152:
151:
148:
145:
142:
141:
138:
135:
132:
131:
128:
125:
122:
121:
118:
115:
112:
111:
108:
105:
102:
101:
98:
95:
92:
91:
88:
85:
82:
81:
78:
75:
72:
71:
68:
65:
62:
61:
56:
51:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
2708:Scarabaeidae
2526:
2382:
2342:
2338:
2332:
2276:
2272:
2266:
2220:
2216:
2210:
2164:
2160:
2116:
2112:
2050:
2046:
2022:. Retrieved
2000:
1996:
1990:
1938:
1934:
1873:
1869:
1859:
1848:. Retrieved
1845:sora.unm.edu
1844:
1810:(1): 37–44.
1807:
1803:
1765:
1761:
1704:
1700:
1694:
1652:. Retrieved
1648:
1621:. Retrieved
1615:
1609:
1588:. Retrieved
1582:
1576:
1545:
1538:
1523:
1517:
1515:
1510:
1494:
1488:
1472:
1468:
1466:
1462:chemosensory
1441:
1436:analysis of
1434:Phylogenetic
1432:
1410:
1392:
1383:
1379:
1372:
1368:
1364:
1361:
1333:
1324:
1314:
1312:
1307:
1284:beta-myrcene
1279:
1273:
1255:
1253:
1230:
1213:
1208:
1195:
1191:
1189:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1145:
1144:
1133:
1111:
1100:, where the
1074:reproductive
1071:
1068:Reproduction
1061:
1054:
1046:
1037:chemosensory
1034:
1022:
1018:
1016:
1010:
1008:
992:hydroquinone
985:
970:
966:upregulation
956:
954:
949:
945:
943:
938:
925:
918:chemosensory
913:
897:
887:
883:chemosensory
874:Phylogenetic
872:
867:
836:
835:, including
833:coleopterans
830:
809:
807:
797:
793:
787:
785:
780:
777:green chafer
772:
770:
765:
761:
753:
751:
745:
730:. H. elegans
729:
721:
717:
715:
706:
705:
698:
694:
689:
687:
679:Life history
674:
667:
652:
648:
644:
642:
638:larval stage
635:
618:
582:
568:
565:Distribution
552:
540:
534:
509:
501:
487:. Its head,
470:
451:, including
426:
419:
373:
349:
348:
345:Scarabaeidae
331:
330:
326:
324:
312:
305:Callichloris
304:
297:Callichloris
296:
289:Aulacopalpus
288:
281:
279:
271:
267:Arrow, 1899
263:
259:Arrow, 1899
255:
247:
235:
227:
220:
218:
195:
193:
177:
176:
157:
156:
117:Scarabaeidae
29:
2641:iNaturalist
2551:Wikispecies
2497:iNaturalist
2407:Wikispecies
1546:The use of
1428:oviposition
1380:H. elegans.
1367:. Notably,
1351:(GRs), and
1292:tetradecane
1088:to attract
1004:oviposition
962:upregulated
914:H. elegans,
885:signaling.
864:transcripts
711:oviposition
485:exoskeleton
467:Description
388:exoskeleton
313:Sulcipalpus
123:Subfamily:
2702:Categories
2557:Hylamorpha
2527:Hylamorpha
2024:2024-03-01
1989:"Males of
1941:: 101174.
1850:2024-04-04
1654:2024-03-01
1623:2024-03-02
1610:Hylamorpha
1590:2024-03-02
1558:References
1529:betuloides
1519:Nothofagus
1511:H. elegans
1489:H. elegans
1473:H. elegans
1469:H. elegans
1442:H. elegans
1426:selecting
1417:(GRs) and
1395:peripheral
1388:repertoire
1384:H. elegans
1369:H. elegans
1365:H. elegans
1315:H. elegans
1308:H. elegans
1304:pheromones
1300:repellents
1296:repertoire
1280:H. elegans
1256:H. elegans
1247:(pI), and
1221:lipophilic
1196:H. elegans
1159:metabolism
1134:H. elegans
1125:Physiology
1118:Light trap
1114:dimorphism
1098:vegetation
1042:pheromones
1019:H. elegans
1011:H. elegans
988:pheromones
971:H. elegans
957:H. elegans
950:H. elegans
946:H. elegans
939:H. elegans
898:H. elegans
868:H. elegans
846:(GRs) and
798:H. elegans
792:) prey on
781:H. elegans
773:H. elegans
766:H. elegans
746:H. elegans
718:H. elegans
690:H. elegans
658:betuloides
651:, such as
649:Nothofagus
645:H. elegans
620:Nothofagus
584:Nothofagus
437:ecosystems
433:Nothofagus
422:pheromones
384:decomposer
376:ecological
351:Hylamorpha
203:Burmeister
158:Hylamorpha
143:Subtribe:
107:Coleoptera
87:Arthropoda
18:Hylamorpha
2542:Q18114269
2359:1326-6756
2295:2167-8359
2279:: e7054.
2237:1519-566X
2167:(1): 30.
2133:2052-174X
2067:1536-2442
2053:(1): 30.
1955:1744-117X
1890:0010-065X
1824:0010-065X
1782:1343-8786
1721:1678-8052
1454:olfaction
1450:gustation
1415:receptors
1412:Gustatory
1398:olfactory
1349:receptors
1346:gustatory
1268:gustatory
1264:olfactory
1205:receptors
1181:Olfaction
1000:Olfaction
906:olfaction
894:gustatory
890:olfactory
858:revealed
850:(IRs). A
844:receptors
841:gustatory
695:H.elegans
579:Argentina
516:mandibles
411:nocturnal
407:recycling
361:Argentina
240:australis
172:Species:
127:Rutelinae
73:Kingdom:
67:Eukaryota
2565:BioLib:
2536:Wikidata
2421:BioLib:
2398:Q5905656
2392:Wikidata
2313:31223529
2245:21120375
2191:27012867
2085:27012867
2019:17445361
1963:38096641
1729:27193622
1506:pastures
1338:sensilla
1330:proteins
1288:dodecane
1217:carriers
822:sensilla
818:proteins
804:Genetics
547:sensilla
512:antennae
489:pronotum
477:physique
461:forestry
449:genetics
415:foraging
400:decaying
392:pronotum
212:Synonyms
113:Family:
83:Phylum:
77:Animalia
63:Domain:
2685:4640911
2672:1336370
2659:1232144
2633:4756296
2607:3258969
2568:1112178
2515:1336371
2489:5991124
2463:3258972
2424:1112203
2304:6571001
2182:4806717
2076:4806717
1737:6399575
1540:obliqua
1533:dombeyi
1502:cereals
1498:grasses
1430:sites.
1393:In the
1344:(ORs),
1238:hindleg
1090:females
1006:sites.
736:Enemies
669:obliqua
662:dombeyi
526:Habitat
457:odorant
403:organic
380:habitat
369:Uruguay
337:species
335:) is a
153:Genus:
133:Tribe:
103:Order:
97:Insecta
93:Class:
2646:541857
2620:1HYLAG
2502:541856
2476:HYLAEL
2357:
2311:
2301:
2293:
2243:
2235:
2189:
2179:
2131:
2083:
2073:
2065:
2017:
1961:
1953:
1888:
1822:
1780:
1735:
1727:
1719:
1446:clades
1260:RT-PCR
1141:Larvae
1102:larvae
977:Mating
878:clades
684:Larvae
559:summer
555:spring
493:elytra
491:, and
483:green
481:glossy
396:elytra
394:, and
367:, and
365:Brazil
341:beetle
238:subsp.
205:, 1844
166:, 1899
2654:IRMNG
2450:6MNBN
2437:13270
2273:PeerJ
1733:S2CID
1302:, or
1241:tibia
1082:males
1049:odors
726:setae
575:Chile
571:Andes
520:hairs
505:teeth
497:death
382:as a
164:Arrow
2667:NCBI
2628:GBIF
2615:EPPO
2594:4ZZC
2581:7969
2576:BOLD
2510:NCBI
2484:GBIF
2471:EPPO
2432:BOLD
2355:ISSN
2309:PMID
2291:ISSN
2241:PMID
2233:ISSN
2187:PMID
2129:ISSN
2081:PMID
2063:ISSN
2015:PMID
1959:PMID
1951:ISSN
1886:ISSN
1820:ISSN
1778:ISSN
1725:PMID
1717:ISSN
1537:and
1266:and
1219:for
1094:eggs
994:and
935:Orco
892:and
666:and
557:and
474:oval
443:and
325:The
2602:EoL
2589:CoL
2458:EoL
2445:CoL
2347:doi
2299:PMC
2281:doi
2225:doi
2177:PMC
2169:doi
2121:doi
2071:PMC
2055:doi
2005:doi
1943:doi
1878:doi
1812:doi
1770:doi
1709:doi
1306:in
1199:of
1060:of
937:in
371:.
339:of
2704::
2682::
2669::
2656::
2643::
2630::
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2093:^
2079:.
2069:.
2061:.
2051:16
2049:.
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2033:^
2013:.
2001:36
1999:.
1995:.
1971:^
1957:.
1949:.
1939:49
1937:.
1933:.
1898:^
1884:.
1874:56
1872:.
1868:.
1843:.
1832:^
1818:.
1808:66
1806:.
1802:.
1790:^
1776:.
1766:19
1764:.
1760:.
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1731:.
1723:.
1715:.
1705:43
1703:.
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1531:,
1527:,
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2247:.
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2087:.
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1612:"
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1575:"
1535:,
1376:,
760:(
702:.
664:,
329:(
20:)
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