1841:. According to theories based on hysteresis, severe economic downturns (recession) and/or persistent stagnation (slow demand growth, usually after a recession) cause unemployed individuals to lose their job skills (commonly developed on the job) or to find that their skills have become obsolete, or become demotivated, disillusioned or depressed or lose job-seeking skills. In addition, employers may use time spent in unemployment as a screening tool, i.e., to weed out less desired employees in hiring decisions. Then, in times of an economic upturn, recovery, or "boom", the affected workers will not share in the prosperity, remaining unemployed for long periods (e.g., over 52 weeks). This makes unemployment "structural", i.e., extremely difficult to reduce simply by increasing the aggregate demand for products and labor without causing increased inflation. That is, it is possible that a
1111:-indeed, the definition of mesopores (2â50 nm) is associated with the appearance (50 nm) and disappearance (2 nm) of mesoporosity in nitrogen adsorption isotherms as a function of Kelvin radius. An adsorption isotherm showing hysteresis is said to be of Type IV (for a wetting adsorbate) or Type V (for a non-wetting adsorbate), and hysteresis loops themselves are classified according to how symmetric the loop is. Adsorption hysteresis loops also have the unusual property that it is possible to scan within a hysteresis loop by reversing the direction of adsorption while on a point on the loop. The resulting scans are called "crossing", "converging", or "returning", depending on the shape of the isotherm at this point.
1581:
but also on the previously achieved Fus3 levels. This effect is achieved due to the slower time scales involved in the transcription of intermediate Far1, such that the total Far1 activity reaches its equilibrium value slowly, and for transient changes in Fus3 concentration, the response of the system depends on the Far1 concentration achieved with the transient value. Experiments in this type of hysteresis benefit from the ability to change the concentration of the inputs with time. The mechanisms are often elucidated by allowing independent control of the concentration of the key intermediate, for instance, by using an inducible promoter.
1044:
surface is then tilted from 0° to 90°. As the drop is tilted, the downhill side will be in a state of imminent wetting while the uphill side will be in a state of imminent dewetting. As the tilt increases the downhill contact angle will increase and represents the advancing contact angle while the uphill side will decrease; this is the receding contact angle. The values for these angles just prior to the drop releasing will typically represent the advancing and receding contact angles. The difference between these two angles is the contact angle hysteresis.
1079:, which causes the bubbles to behave differently across expansion and contraction. During expansion, bubbles undergo large non equilibrium jumps in volume, while during contraction the bubbles are more stable and undergo a relatively smaller jump in volume resulting in an asymmetry across expansion and contraction. The bubble shape hysteresis is qualitatively similar to the adsorption hysteresis, and as in the contact angle hysteresis, the interfacial properties play an important role in bubble shape hysteresis.
1178:
808:
1154:
resistance. The relation between the sensor's electrical resistance and sensor matric potential is hysteretic. Thermocouples measure matric potential as a function of heat dissipation. Hysteresis occurs because measured heat dissipation depends on sensor water content, and the sensor water contentâmatric potential relationship is hysteretic. As of 2002, only desorption curves are usually measured during calibration of
1139:) are converted to volumetric water content (θ) measurements based on a site or soil specific calibration curve. Hysteresis is a source of water content measurement error. Matric potential hysteresis arises from differences in wetting behaviour causing dry medium to re-wet; that is, it depends on the saturation history of the porous medium. Hysteretic behaviour means that, for example, at a matric potential (Ψ
952:
1444:. These models allow an accurate modeling of the hysteresis loop and are widely used in the industry. However, these models lose the connection with thermodynamics and the energy consistency is not ensured. A more recent model, with a more consistent thermodynamical foundation, is the vectorial incremental nonconservative consistent hysteresis (VINCH) model of Lavet et al. (2011)
27:
1055:. As with the tilt method, the difference between the advancing and receding contact angles is the contact angle hysteresis. Most researchers prefer the tilt method; the add/remove method requires that a tip or needle stay embedded in the drop which can affect the accuracy of the values, especially the receding contact angle.
1968:
a wide class of hysteretical systems; therefore, given its versability and mathematical tractability, the BoucâWen model has quickly gained popularity and has been extended and applied to a wide variety of engineering problems, including multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) systems, buildings, frames, bidirectional and
913:, hysteresis can be observed when decreasing the angle of attack of a wing after stall, regarding the lift and drag coefficients. The angle of attack at which the flow on top of the wing reattaches is generally lower than the angle of attack at which the flow separates during the increase of the angle of attack.
901:
and the menu region. This allows the user to move the mouse directly to an item on the menu, even if part of that direct mouse path is outside of both the trigger region and the menu region. For instance, right-clicking on the desktop in most
Windows interfaces will create a menu that exhibits this behavior.
1967:
is often used to describe non-linear hysteretic systems. It was introduced by Bouc and extended by Wen, who demonstrated its versatility by producing a variety of hysteretic patterns. This model is able to capture in analytical form, a range of shapes of hysteretic cycles which match the behaviour of
1824:
When some negative shock reduces employment in a company or industry, fewer employed workers then remain. As usually the employed workers have the power to set wages, their reduced number incentivizes them to bargain for even higher wages when the economy again gets better instead of letting the wage
1665:
activation is required for downstream effector functions of activated T cells. Triggering of the T cell receptor induces high levels of Ras activation, which results in higher levels of GTP-bound (active) Ras at the cell surface. Since higher levels of active Ras have accumulated at the cell surface
1537:
melts at 85 °C (185 °F) and solidifies from 32 to 40 °C (90 to 104 °F). This is to say that once agar is melted at 85 °C, it retains a liquid state until cooled to 40 °C. Therefore, from the temperatures of 40 to 85 °C, agar can be either solid or liquid, depending
1988:
devices for buildings and other kinds of damping devices; it has also been used in the modelling and analysis of structures built of reinforced concrete, steel, masonry and timber.. The most important extension of Bouc-Wen Model was carried out by Baber and Noori and later by Noori and co-workers.
900:
has borrowed the term hysteresis to refer to times when the state of the user interface intentionally lags behind the apparent user input. For example, a menu that was drawn in response to a mouse-over event may remain on-screen for a brief moment after the mouse has moved out of the trigger region
795:
controlling a heater may switch the heater on when the temperature drops below A, but not turn it off until the temperature rises above B. (For instance, if one wishes to maintain a temperature of 20 °C then one might set the thermostat to turn the heater on when the temperature drops to below
1580:
Biochemical systems can also show hysteresis-like output when slowly varying states that are not directly monitored are involved, as in the case of the cell cycle arrest in yeast exposed to mating pheromone. Here, the duration of cell cycle arrest depends not only on the final level of input Fus3,
1043:
formed between a liquid and solid phase will exhibit a range of contact angles that are possible. There are two common methods for measuring this range of contact angles. The first method is referred to as the tilting base method. Once a drop is dispensed on the surface with the surface level, the
992:
Elastic hysteresis is more pronounced when the loading and unloading is done quickly than when it is done slowly. Some materials such as hard metals don't show elastic hysteresis under a moderate load, whereas other hard materials like granite and marble do. Materials such as rubber exhibit a high
988:
In terms of force, the rubber band was harder to stretch when it was being loaded than when it was being unloaded. In terms of time, when the band is unloaded, the effect (the length) lagged behind the cause (the force of the weights) because the length has not yet reached the value it had for the
996:
When the intrinsic hysteresis of rubber is being measured, the material can be considered to behave like a gas. When a rubber band is stretched it heats up, and if it is suddenly released, it cools down perceptibly. These effects correspond to a large hysteresis from the thermal exchange with the
1086:
experiments involving bubbles. As a result of the hysteresis, not all sizes of the bubbles can be formed on a capillary. Further the gas compressibility causing the hysteresis leads to unintended complications in the phase relation between the applied changes in interfacial area to the expected
1765:
A hysteresis effect may be observed in voicing onset versus offset. The threshold value of the subglottal pressure required to start the vocal fold vibration is lower than the threshold value at which the vibration stops, when other parameters are kept constant. In utterances of vowel-voiceless
1666:
in T cells that have been previously stimulated by strong engagement of the T cell receptor, weaker subsequent T cell receptor signals received shortly afterwards will deliver the same level of activation due to the presence of higher levels of already activated Ras as compared to a naĂŻve cell.
1644:
transcription factors, the executors of the Shh pathway, is suppressed. Glis are processed to repressor forms (GliR) in the absence of Shh, but in the presence of Shh, a proportion of Glis are maintained as full-length proteins allowed to translocate to the nucleus, where they act as activators
1561:
where the same input state can lead to two different, stable outputs. Where bistability can lead to digital, switch-like outputs from the continuous inputs of chemical concentrations and activities, hysteresis makes these systems more resistant to noise. These systems are often characterized by
1099:
processes. In this type of hysteresis, the quantity adsorbed is different when gas is being added than it is when being removed. The specific causes of adsorption hysteresis are still an active area of research, but it is linked to differences in the nucleation and evaporation mechanisms inside
1865:
among others to explain the differences in long run unemployment rates between Europe and the United States. Labor market reform (usually meaning institutional change promoting more flexible wages, firing, and hiring) or strong demand-side economic growth may not therefore reduce this pool of
681:. If the input is reduced to zero, the output continues to respond for a finite time. This constitutes a memory of the past, but a limited one because it disappears as the output decays to zero. The phase lag depends on the frequency of the input, and goes to zero as the frequency decreases.
1153:
are directly influenced by this type of hysteresis. Two other types of sensors used to measure soil water matric potential are also influenced by hysteresis effects within the sensor itself. Resistance blocks, both nylon and gypsum based, measure matric potential as a function of electrical
1952:. Along with the smooth loops, substitution of trapezoidal, triangular or rectangular pulses instead of the harmonic functions allows piecewise-linear hysteresis loops frequently used in discrete automatics to be built in the model. There are implementations of the hysteresis loop model in
74:, depending on how the field changed in the past. Plots of a single component of the moment often form a loop or hysteresis curve, where there are different values of one variable depending on the direction of change of another variable. This history dependence is the basis of memory in a
934:, normally have a small gap between them, to allow movement and lubrication. As a consequence of this gap, any reversal in direction of a drive part will not be passed on immediately to the driven part. This unwanted delay is normally kept as small as practicable, and is usually called
1489:. The low coercivity minimizes the energy loss associated with hysteresis, as the magnetic field periodically reverses in the presence of an alternating current. The low energy loss during a hysteresis loop is the reason why soft iron is used for transformer cores and electric motors.
1419:
per unit volume is smaller than it would be in a single-domain magnet; but domain walls involve rotation of only a small part of the magnetization, so it is much easier to change the magnetic moment. The magnetization can also change by addition or subtraction of domains (called
1774:
Hysteresis is a commonly encountered phenomenon in ecology and epidemiology, where the observed equilibrium of a system can not be predicted solely based on environmental variables, but also requires knowledge of the system's past history. Notable examples include the theory of
1639:
to subdivide these tissues into distinct domains. It has been shown that these tissues have a 'memory' of previous exposure to Shh. In neural tissue, this hysteresis is regulated by a homeodomain (HD) feedback circuit that amplifies Shh signaling. In this circuit, expression of
1845:
in unemployment rates exists, so a short-term rise in unemployment rates tends to persist. For example, traditional anti-inflationary policy (the use of recession to fight inflation) leads to a permanently higher "natural" rate of unemployment (more scientifically known as the
981:, the band will contract as the force is reduced. As the weights are taken off, each weight that produced a specific length as it was loaded onto the band now contracts less, resulting in a slightly longer length as it is unloaded. This is because the band does not obey
416:
1989:
That extended model, named, BWBN, can reproduce the complex shear pinching or slip-lock phenomenon that earlier model could not reproduce. The BWBN model has been widely used in a wide spectrum of applications and implementations are available in software such as
1756:
vs Volume curve of inhalation is different from the
Pressure vs Volume curve of exhalation, the difference being described as hysteresis. Lung volume at any given pressure during inhalation is less than the lung volume at any given pressure during exhalation.
1766:
consonant-vowel sequences during speech, the intraoral pressure is lower at the voice onset of the second vowel compared to the voice offset of the first vowel, the oral airflow is lower, the transglottal pressure is larger and the glottal width is smaller.
543:
3816:
3757:
1414:
in which the direction of magnetization rotates from the direction of one domain to another. If the magnetic field changes, the walls move, changing the relative sizes of the domains. Because the domains are not magnetized in the same direction, the
1866:
long-term unemployed. Thus, specific targeted training programs are presented as a possible policy solution. However, the hysteresis hypothesis suggests such training programs are aided by persistently high demand for products (perhaps with
194:
wrote "...the very meaning of hysteresis varies from one area to another, from paper to paper and from author to author. As a result, a stringent mathematical definition of hysteresis is needed in order to avoid confusion and ambiguity.".
1598:, by which he meant "failure of the external form of the chromosomes to respond immediately to the internal stresses due to changes in their molecular spiral", as they lie in a somewhat rigid medium in the limited space of the
1820:
performance is subject to strong hysteresis effects: because of the fixed transportation costs it may take a big push to start a country's exports, but once the transition is made, not much may be required to keep them going.
1562:
higher values of the input required to switch into a particular state as compared to the input required to stay in the state, allowing for a transition that is not continuously reversible, and thus less susceptible to noise.
708:
memory of the past that remains after the transients have died out. The future development of such a system depends on the history of states visited, but does not fade as the events recede into the past. If an input variable
921:
Hysteresis can be observed in the stage-flow relationship of a river during rapidly changing conditions such as passing of a flood wave. It is most pronounced in low gradient streams with steep leading edge hydrographs.
1645:(GliA) of transcription. By reducing Gli expression then, the HD transcription factors reduce the total amount of Gli (GliT), so a higher proportion of GliT can be stabilized as GliA for the same concentration of Shh.
1936:
Each subject that involves hysteresis has models that are specific to the subject. In addition, there are hysteretic models that capture general features of many systems with hysteresis. An example is the
769:
passes through but not on the speed at which it traverses the path. Many authors restrict the term hysteresis to mean only rate-independent hysteresis. Hysteresis effects can be characterized using the
973:
with weights attached to it. If the top of a rubber band is hung on a hook and small weights are attached to the bottom of the band one at a time, it will stretch and get longer. As more weights are
291:
296:
3662:
S.P. Hargreaves Heap (1980). "Choosing the Wrong `Natural' Rate: Accelerating
Inflation or Decelerating Employment and Growth?" The Economic Journal Vol. 90, No. 359 (Sep., 1980), pp. 611-620.
1012:) can achieve the dual function of springing and damping because rubber, unlike metal springs, has pronounced hysteresis and does not return all the absorbed compression energy on the rebound.
1945:
of square loops called non-ideal relays. Many complex models of hysteresis arise from the simple parallel connection, or superposition, of elementary carriers of hysteresis termed hysterons.
1075:
to ambient pressure, and the relative magnitude of the bubble volume at the maximum capillary pressure to the dead volume in the system. The bubble shape hysteresis is a consequence of gas
989:
same weight during the loading part of the cycle. In terms of energy, more energy was required during the loading than the unloading, the excess energy being dissipated as thermal energy.
877:) and the hysteresis helps to keep the components in a particular state while the other components change states. Thus, all rows can be addressed at the same time instead of individually.
791:
In control systems, hysteresis can be used to filter signals so that the output reacts less rapidly than it otherwise would by taking recent system history into account. For example, a
427:
4008:
Vaiana, Nicolò; Sessa, Salvatore; Rosati, Luciano (January 2021). "A generalized class of uniaxial rate-independent models for simulating asymmetric mechanical hysteresis phenomena".
2599:
Alvarez, Nicolas J.; Walker, Lynn M.; Anna, Shelley L. (2010-08-17). "A Microtensiometer To Probe the Effect of Radius of
Curvature on Surfactant Transport to a Spherical Interface".
1861:
The existence of hysteresis has been put forward as a possible explanation for the persistently high unemployment of many economies in the 1990s. Hysteresis has been invoked by
242:
in connection with magnetism and absorption. A more formal mathematical theory of systems with hysteresis was developed in the 1970s by a group of
Russian mathematicians led by
609:
573:
2039:
Rate-independent hysteretic models can be classified into four different categories depending on the type of equation that needs to be solved to compute the output variable:
818:
Often, some amount of hysteresis is intentionally added to an electronic circuit to prevent unwanted rapid switching. This and similar techniques are used to compensate for
3158:
Lek, M.; Dias, J. M.; Marklund, U.; Uhde, C. W.; Kurdija, S.; Lei, Q.; Sussel, L.; Rubenstein, J. L.; Matise, M. P.; Arnold, H. -H.; Jessell, T. M.; Ericson, J. (2010).
2036:
as output variable, or vice versa. In particular, in rate-independent hysteretic models, the output variable does not depend on the rate of variation of the input one.
668:
1399:
magnets, the magnetization responds to a magnetic field by rotating. Single-domain magnets are used wherever a strong, stable magnetization is needed (for example,
633:
2348:
2034:
2014:
2918:
Pomerening, Joseph R.; Sontag, Eduardo D.; Ferrell, James E. (2003). "Building a cell cycle oscillator: hysteresis and bistability in the activation of Cdc2".
1749:(Îvolume/Îpressure) is due to the additional energy required to overcome surface tension forces during inspiration to recruit and inflate additional alveoli.
997:
environment and a smaller hysteresis due to internal friction within the rubber. This proper, intrinsic hysteresis can be measured only if the rubber band is
4077:
2785:
1478:
are desirable, such that as much energy is absorbed as possible during the write operation and the resultant magnetized information is not easily erased.
2232:"VII. On the production of transient electric currents in iron and steel conductors by twisting them when magnetised or by magnetising them when twisted"
2432:
Warnecke, Martin; Jouaneh, Musa (1 September 2003). "Backlash
Compensation in Gear Trains by Means of Open-Loop Modification of the Input Trajectory".
1829:
level, where the supply and demand of workers would match. This causes hysteresis: the unemployment becomes permanently higher after negative shocks.
1458:
There are a great variety of applications of the hysteresis in ferromagnets. Many of these make use of their ability to retain a memory, for example
2673:"Reporting physisorption data for gas/solid systems with special reference to the determination of surface area and porosity (Recommendations 1984)"
2387:. 46th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit. Reno, Nevada: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. AIAA-2008-0315. Archived from
977:
onto it, the band will continue to stretch because the force the weights are exerting on the band is increasing. When each weight is taken off, or
4272:
1395:. In general, the magnetization varies (in direction but not magnitude) across a magnet, but in sufficiently small magnets, it does not. In these
2379:
955:
Elastic hysteresis of an idealized rubber band. The area in the centre of the hysteresis loop is the energy dissipated due to internal friction.
1051:
decreasing the receding contact angle is thus measured. When volume is added to the maximum before the interfacial area increases, this is the
847:
Some positive feedback from the output to one input of a comparator can increase the natural hysteresis (a function of its gain) it exhibits.
4237:
4218:
4190:
4164:
4145:
4119:
4065:
3737:
3302:
3093:
3064:
2808:
2655:
2468:
2289:
2207:
1047:
The second method is often referred to as the add/remove volume method. When the maximum liquid volume is removed from the drop without the
206:
4292:
2556:
Chandran Suja, V.; Frostad, J. M.; Fuller, G. G. (2016-10-31). "Impact of
Compressibility on the Control of Bubble-Pressure Tensiometers".
1684:
do not return to their basal conditions from a stimulated condition immediately after removal of the stimulus is an example of hysteresis.
2114:
1786:
between ecosystem or community types in which dominant competitors or entire landscapes can change in a largely irreversible fashion.
1706:
2714:
Tompsett, G. A.; Krogh, L.; Griffin, D. W.; Conner, W. C. (2005). "Hysteresis and
Scanning Behavior of Mesoporous Molecular Sieves".
1854:" downward due to wage and price rigidities (and so adapt slowly over time rather than being approximately correct as in theories of
799:
Similarly, a pressure switch can be designed to exhibit hysteresis, with pressure set-points substituted for temperature thresholds.
183:, attempt to capture general features of hysteresis; and there are also phenomenological models for particular phenomena such as the
3992:
3381:
3160:"A homeodomain feedback circuit underlies step-function interpretation of a Shh morphogen gradient during ventral neural patterning"
3681:"Wire rope isolators for seismically base-isolated lightweight structures: Experimental characterization and mathematical modeling"
2071:
1964:
180:
4210:
3085:
3294:
2516:
884:
often implements hysteresis intentionally to prevent the gate from "chattering" when signals close to its threshold are applied.
2752:
1158:. Despite the fact that it can be a source of significant error, the sensor specific effect of hysteresis is generally ignored.
1087:
interfacial stresses. These difficulties can be avoided by designing experimental systems to avoid the bubble shape hysteresis.
3536:
Das, Moupriya; Kantz, Holger (2020-06-29). "Stochastic resonance and hysteresis in climate with state-dependent fluctuations".
1795:
411:{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}X(t)&=X_{0}\sin \omega t\\Y(t)&=Y_{0}\sin \left(\omega t-\varphi \right).\end{aligned}}}
1675:
1072:
2132:
2065:
1268:
it requires heat or a magnetic field in the opposite direction. This is the effect that provides the element of memory in a
1260:
align themselves with it. Even when the field is removed, part of the alignment will be retained: the material has become
959:
In the elastic hysteresis of rubber, the area in the centre of a hysteresis loop is the energy dissipated due to material
2671:
Sing, K. S. W.; Everett, D. H.; Haul, R. A. W.; Moscou, L.; Pierotti, R. A.; J. RoquĂŠrol, J.; Siemieniewska, T. (1985).
2095:
1938:
1437:
1365:
Magnetic hysteresis loops are not exclusive to materials with ferromagnetic ordering. Other magnetic orderings, such as
1329:
follows a different curve. At zero field strength, the magnetization is offset from the origin by an amount called the
231:
176:
1870:
to avoid increased inflation), which reduces the transition costs out of unemployment and into paid employment easier.
2356:
30:
2101:
1949:
1181:
3758:"Analytical model for the approximation of hysteresis loop and its application to the scanning tunneling microscope"
3318:
Lucero, Jorge C. (1999). "A theoretical study of the hysteresis phenomenon at vocal fold oscillation onsetâoffset".
2961:
Ferrell JE Jr.; Machleder EM (1998). "The biochemical basis of an all-or-none cell fate switch in
Xenopus oocytes".
2335:
An analytical generalized
PrandtlâIshlinskii model inversion for hysteresis compensation in micropositioning control
4327:
4322:
4317:
4312:
2677:
1150:
538:{\displaystyle Y(t)=\chi _{\text{i}}X(t)+\int _{0}^{\infty }\Phi _{\text{d}}(\tau )X(t-\tau )\,\mathrm {d} \tau ,}
2172:
1981:
1350:
A closer look at a magnetization curve generally reveals a series of small, random jumps in magnetization called
870:
83:
20:
2083:
854:(circuit components which "remember" changes in the current passing through them by changing their resistance).
184:
2822:
1957:
1722:
1693:
1521:). The mechanism, an organization of the polarization into domains, is similar to that of magnetic hysteresis.
1502:
1396:
1339:
relationship is plotted for all strengths of applied magnetic field the result is a hysteresis loop called the
4281:
1837:
The idea of hysteresis is used extensively in the area of labor economics, specifically with reference to the
775:
1907:
1753:
1746:
1355:
1052:
95:
3398:
3199:
Das, J.; Ho, M.; Zikherman, J.; Govern, C.; Yang, M.; Weiss, A.; Chakraborty, A. K.; Roose, J. P. (2009).
2334:
2127:
1977:
1811:
1726:
1714:
1697:
935:
243:
2089:
1027:
when a body (such as a ball, tire, or wheel) rolls on a surface is hysteresis. This is attributed to the
1855:
1636:
1628:
1612:
1320:
1155:
1128:
897:
862:
844:
to actuate a ratcheting mechanism that keeps the relay closed even if power to the relay is terminated.
260:
157:
4269:
2870:
Monod, P.; PrĂŠJean, J. J.; Tissier, B. (1979). "Magnetic hysteresis of CuMn in the spin glass state".
578:
551:
4086:
4017:
3941:
Bouc, R. (1971). "Modèle mathÊmatique d'hystÊrÊsis: application aux systèmes à un degrÊ de libertÊ".
3853:
3782:
3692:
3545:
3410:
3327:
2970:
2879:
2525:
2388:
2147:
1942:
1441:
1147:, the volumetric water content (θ) of a fine sandy soil matrix could be anything between 8% and 25%.
239:
227:
107:
160:
between an input and an output that disappears if the input is varied more slowly; this is known as
4307:
1969:
1919:
1783:
1172:
223:
3249:
1501:
material, where domains of polarization contribute to the total polarization. Polarization is the
4174:
4033:
3885:
3843:
3806:
3772:
3721:
3680:
3663:
3645:
3459:
3140:
3111:"Evidence for an expansion-based temporal Shh gradient in specifying vertebrate digit identities"
2943:
2814:
2716:
2696:
2484:
2251:
1887:
1879:
1851:
1619:
that pattern uniform pools of cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The morphogen
1400:
1024:
893:
823:
216:
191:
103:
3904:
3054:
2231:
1976:
among others. The BoucâWen model and its variants/extensions have been used in applications of
1910:
engineering. Some examples of mechanical systems and materials having hysteretic behavior are:
1410:. Across each domain, the magnetization does not vary; but between domains are relatively thin
646:
4264:
4233:
4214:
4186:
4160:
4141:
4115:
4061:
3988:
3877:
3869:
3798:
3733:
3569:
3561:
3518:
3500:
3377:
3351:
3343:
3298:
3264:
3230:
3181:
3132:
3089:
3060:
3035:
2986:
2935:
2804:
2733:
2651:
2624:
2616:
2581:
2573:
2496:
2464:
2285:
2213:
2203:
1973:
1948:
A simple and intuitive parametric description of various hysteresis loops may be found in the
1903:
1862:
1838:
1658:
1351:
1068:
960:
671:
115:
111:
4094:
4025:
3861:
3790:
3700:
3635:
3602:
3590:
3553:
3508:
3490:
3449:
3418:
3335:
3220:
3212:
3171:
3122:
3025:
3017:
2978:
2927:
2887:
2796:
2725:
2686:
2608:
2565:
2533:
2441:
2243:
1883:
1867:
1826:
1132:
1083:
1064:
1048:
636:
612:
172:
91:
39:
3726:
Mathematical Models of Hysteresis and their Applications: Second Edition (Electromagnetism)
618:
4276:
4111:
3905:"Package Hysteresis (Tools for Modeling Rate-Dependent Hysteretic Processes and Ellipses)"
3369:
2781:
2461:
Treatise on the Mathematical Theory of Elasticity (Dover Books on Physics & Chemistry)
2167:
2157:
1742:
1702:
1416:
1392:
1269:
1257:
1120:
1076:
1028:
830:
812:
150:
75:
67:
4090:
4021:
3857:
3834:
R. V. Lapshin (2020). "An improved parametric model for hysteresis loop approximation".
3786:
3696:
3549:
3414:
3331:
3109:
Harfe, B. D.; Scherz, P. J.; Nissim, S.; Tian, H.; McMahon, A. P.; Tabin, C. J. (2004).
2974:
2883:
2529:
2381:
An Experimental Investigation on Aerodynamic Hysteresis of a Low-Reynolds Number Airfoil
1177:
4287:
4137:
3729:
3513:
3478:
3225:
3200:
3030:
3005:
2647:
2281:
2019:
1999:
1985:
1858:) and second because labor markets do not clear instantly in response to unemployment.
1842:
1776:
1730:
1620:
1384:
1378:
1249:
1245:
1194:
982:
938:. The amount of backlash will increase with time as the surfaces of moving parts wear.
858:
807:
771:
71:
43:
3006:"Feedforward regulation ensures stability and rapid reversibility of a cellular state"
2421:. Proceedings of the International Conference on Fluvial Hydraulics (River flow 2016).
2337:, IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics, Volume:16 Issue:4, pp 734â744, 15 July 2010
226:. Subsequently, hysteretic models have received significant attention in the works of
175:, and can be mathematically challenging to model. Some hysteretic models, such as the
4301:
4098:
4037:
3810:
3422:
2818:
2759:
2488:
2255:
2152:
1799:
1566:
1530:
1498:
1486:
1459:
1388:
1185:
1124:
1040:
1013:
998:
866:
235:
212:
87:
3889:
3704:
3144:
2947:
2700:
1718:
1615:, cell type diversity is regulated by long range-acting signaling molecules called
1599:
1552:
1206:. The downward curve after saturation, along with the lower return curve, form the
1108:
985:
perfectly. The hysteresis loop of an idealized rubber band is shown in the figure.
951:
421:
Such behavior can occur in linear systems, and a more general form of response is
106:
and many other natural phenomena. In natural systems, it is often associated with
3021:
2982:
2569:
2413:
4178:
4029:
3557:
3201:"Digital Signaling and Hysteresis Characterize Ras Activation in Lymphoid Cells"
2077:
1895:
1632:
1595:
1558:
1467:
1359:
970:
910:
685:
222:
Some early work on describing hysteresis in mechanical systems was performed by
164:
hysteresis. However, phenomena such as the magnetic hysteresis loops are mainly
134:
119:
99:
3961:
3483:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
3216:
3127:
3110:
2905:
2800:
4259:
2061:
Some notable hysteretic models are listed below with their associated fields.
1662:
1616:
1463:
1366:
1344:
1230:
1101:
1096:
931:
881:
792:
146:
3873:
3802:
3565:
3504:
3347:
2620:
2577:
2217:
4075:
Jiles, D. C.; Atherton, D. L. (1986). "Theory of ferromagnetic hysteresis".
3495:
2691:
2672:
2278:
Hysteresis in magnetism: For physicists, materials scientists, and engineers
2177:
2162:
2137:
1899:
1606:
1585:
1330:
1316:
1236:
1009:
966:
Elastic hysteresis was one of the first types of hysteresis to be examined.
874:
851:
264:
142:
130:
79:
4254:
3926:
Bouc, R. (1967). "Forced vibration of mechanical systems with hysteresis".
3881:
3573:
3522:
3268:
3234:
3185:
3136:
3039:
2939:
2737:
2628:
2585:
2538:
2511:
2247:
1082:
The existence of the bubble shape hysteresis has important consequences in
3355:
2990:
62:
is the dependence of the state of a system on its history. For example, a
2142:
1990:
1891:
1624:
1591:
841:
689:
2378:
Zifeng Yang; Hirofumi Igarashi; Mathew Martin; Hui Hu (Jan 7â10, 2008).
1972:
response of hysteretic systems two- and three-dimensional continua, and
1929:
structural elements, such as steel, reinforced concrete, or wood joints;
215:
word meaning "deficiency" or "lagging behind". It was coined in 1881 by
26:
3679:
Vaiana, Nicolò; Spizzuoco, Mariacristina; Serino, Giorgio (June 2017).
3667:
3649:
3463:
3176:
3159:
2795:. SSSA Book Series. Soil Science Society of America. pp. 643â670.
1953:
1574:
1514:
1506:
1100:
mesopores. These mechanisms are further complicated by effects such as
138:
126:
3865:
3794:
3623:
3082:
A Glossary of Genetics and Cytogenetics : Classical and Molecular
2729:
2612:
2445:
2117:, the work done on the system is the area under the hysteresis graph.
3479:"On the stability of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation"
3339:
2891:
2786:"3.2.4 Miscellaneous methods for measuring matric or water potential"
1817:
1681:
1654:
1570:
1453:
1265:
1005:
819:
63:
3640:
3454:
3437:
1264:. Once magnetized, the magnet will stay magnetized indefinitely. To
1071:) can exhibit hysteresis depending on the relative magnitude of the
3848:
3777:
3607:
3594:
2931:
4260:
Preisach model of hysteresis â Matlab codes developed by Zs. SzabĂł
1915:
1847:
1518:
1510:
1176:
950:
857:
Hysteresis can be used when connecting arrays of elements such as
837:
806:
25:
2906:
Vectorial Incremental Nonconservative Consistent Hysteresis model
1717:
is a challenge to its study (that is, its operation resists easy
145:. It is incorporated in many artificial systems: for example, in
1923:
1657:
exhibit hysteresis in that it takes a lower signal threshold to
1534:
1475:
1253:
1017:
1315:. This curve increases rapidly at first and then approaches an
1641:
1569:
exhibit hysteresis in that it takes a higher concentration of
1287:
is not linear in such materials. If a magnet is demagnetized (
3928:
Proceedings of the Fourth Conference on Nonlinear Oscillation
796:
18 °C and off when the temperature exceeds 22 °C).
204:
1850:). This occurs first because inflationary expectations are "
833:
is a simple electronic circuit that exhibits this property.
3436:
Beisner, BE; Haydon, DT; Cuddington, K (1 September 2003).
3257:
Histology and Histopathology Cellular and Molecular Biology
3056:
Recent Advances in Cytology (Genes, Cells, & Organisms)
1016:
have made use of elastomer suspension, as did the original
2349:"'Missing link' memristor created: Rewrite the textbooks?"
1779:
outbreaks and behavioral-effects on disease transmission.
930:
Moving parts within machines, such as the components of a
2200:
Mathematical models of hysteresis and their applications
674:
in linear filter theory and analogue signal processing.
3397:
Sternberg, Leonel Da Silveira Lobo (21 December 2001).
3903:
S. Maynes; F. Yang; A. Parkhurst (November 20, 2013).
1996:
Hysteretic models may have a generalized displacement
1816:
Economic systems can exhibit hysteresis. For example,
1529:
Hysteresis manifests itself in state transitions when
1323:. If the magnetic field is now reduced monotonically,
873:. Shortcuts are made between adjacent components (see
51:
is first decreased, then increased. The curves form a
4129:
Mayergoyz, Isaak D.; Bertotti, Giorgio, eds. (2005).
2022:
2002:
1305:
is plotted for increasing levels of field strength,
649:
621:
581:
554:
430:
294:
3622:
Blanchard, Olivier J.; Summers, Lawrence H. (1986).
2753:"Subject: Accuracy of capacitance soil moisture ..."
1980:, in particular in the modeling of the behaviour of
1745:
on inspiration versus expiration. The difference in
1533:
and freezing temperature do not agree. For example,
1387:
materials is the result of two effects: rotation of
3962:"Method for random vibration of hysteretic systems"
3477:Hofmann, Matthias; Rahmstorf, Stefan (2009-12-08).
2489:"On hysteresis in the relation of strain to stress"
3624:"Hysteresis and the European Unemployment Problem"
3595:"Hysteresis in Unemployment: Old and New Evidence"
2333:Mohammad Al Janaideh, Subhash Rakheja, Chun-Yi Su
2028:
2008:
1941:, which represents a hysteresis nonlinearity as a
1436:The most known empirical models in hysteresis are
1202:. Starting at the origin, the upward curve is the
1107:In physical adsorption, hysteresis is evidence of
662:
627:
603:
567:
537:
410:
16:Dependence of the state of a system on its history
4106:Krasnosel'skii, Mark; Pokrovskii, Alexei (1989).
2793:Methods of Soil Analysis: Part 4 Physical Methods
2271:
2269:
2267:
2265:
892:A hysteresis is sometimes intentionally added to
219:to describe the behaviour of magnetic materials.
4157:Rate-Independent Systems: Theory and Application
3983:Dimian, Mihai; Andrei, Petru (4 November 2013).
3716:
3714:
3320:The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
3059:(Second ed.). P. Blakiston's Son & Co.
850:Hysteresis is essential to the workings of some
677:This kind of hysteresis is often referred to as
190:It is difficult to define hysteresis precisely.
179:(originally applied to ferromagnetism) and the
1932:devices, such as seismic isolators and dampers.
1485:(low coercivity) iron is used for the cores in
1406:Larger magnets are divided into regions called
1343:. The width of the middle section is twice the
4288:Magnetization reversal app (coherent rotation)
3829:
3827:
3825:
3751:
3749:
1741:Lung hysteresis is evident when observing the
2305:
8:
3985:Noise-driven phenomena in hysteretic systems
3376:. Perseus Books Publishing. pp. 73â79.
639:, input and output are related by a complex
86:magnitude in the past. Hysteresis occurs in
4078:Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
2904:Vincent Francois-Lavet et al (2011-11-14).
2784:; Andraski, Brian J.; Bilskie, Jim (2002).
153:, it prevents unwanted frequent switching.
4183:The Non-Linear Field Theories of Mechanics
3399:"Savannaâforest hysteresis in the tropics"
2642:Gregg, S. J.; Sing, Kenneth S. W. (1982).
2236:Proceedings of the Royal Society of London
2016:as input variable and a generalized force
1497:Electrical hysteresis typically occurs in
1095:Hysteresis can also occur during physical
1067:expanding and contracting on capillaries (
263:between input and output. An example is a
3847:
3776:
3639:
3606:
3512:
3494:
3453:
3224:
3175:
3126:
3080:Rieger, R.; Michaelis, A.; M. M. (1968).
3029:
3004:Doncic, Andreas; Skotheim, Jan M (2013).
2857:
2845:
2690:
2537:
2021:
2001:
1557:Hysteresis in cell biology often follows
684:When rate-dependent hysteresis is due to
654:
648:
620:
586:
580:
559:
553:
524:
523:
490:
480:
475:
450:
429:
367:
322:
295:
293:
168:, which makes a durable memory possible.
4197:Originally published as Volume III/3 of
4010:Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing
3442:Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment
2321:
2309:
1369:ordering, also exhibit this phenomenon.
1275:The relationship between field strength
969:The effect can be demonstrated using a
3585:
3583:
3250:"Lung histeresis: a morphological view"
2510:Hopkinson, B.; Williams, G. T. (1912).
2412:Holmes, Robert R. Jr. (February 2018).
2190:
1782:It is commonly examined in relation to
670:; it is mathematically equivalent to a
3930:. Prague, Czechoslovakia. p. 315.
3438:"Alternative stable states in ecology"
3291:Respiratory physiology: the essentials
2644:Adsorption, Surface Area, and Porosity
203:The term "hysteresis" is derived from
2551:
2549:
1886:behavior (hysteresis) characterizing
1661:that have been previously activated.
1031:of the material of the rolling body.
880:In the field of audio electronics, a
7:
4255:Overview of contact angle Hysteresis
3248:Escolar, J. D.; Escolar, A. (2004).
2202:. Amsterdam: Elsevier. p. xiv.
1577:than to stay in mitosis once begun.
692:, it is associated with power loss.
273:that results in a sinusoidal output
4293:Elastic hysteresis and rubber bands
2276:Bertotti, Giorgio (1998). "Ch. 2".
1590:Darlington in his classic works on
763:depend on the path of values that
1707:neural correlates of consciousness
1573:to switch them from G2 phase into
651:
583:
575:is the instantaneous response and
525:
487:
481:
14:
4282:Dynamical systems with hysteresis
4207:Differential Models of Hysteresis
4155:Mielke, A.; RoubĂÄek, T. (2015).
3295:Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
2512:"The Elastic Hysteresis of Steel"
2115:extensive and intensive variables
1713:, although the complexity of the
1710:
1631:to induce expression of a set of
1391:and changes in size or number of
748:initially but a different value
108:irreversible thermodynamic change
3966:Journal of Engineering Mechanics
3836:Review of Scientific Instruments
3765:Review of Scientific Instruments
3423:10.1046/j.1466-822X.2001.00243.x
2517:Proceedings of the Royal Society
2463:. New York: Dover Publications.
1481:On the other hand, magnetically
1383:The phenomenon of hysteresis in
1119:The relationship between matric
1004:Small vehicle suspensions using
635:time units in the past. In the
604:{\displaystyle \Phi _{d}(\tau )}
568:{\displaystyle \chi _{\text{i}}}
66:may have more than one possible
4230:Hysteresis Phenomena in Biology
3705:10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.02.057
3403:Global Ecology and Biogeography
2751:Parkes, Martin (8 April 1999).
1833:Permanently higher unemployment
1474:magnets (high coercivity) like
1293:) and the relationship between
4181:(2004). Antman, Stuart (ed.).
2758:(Mailing list). Archived from
1882:capable of simulating complex
1676:Refractory period (physiology)
1538:on which state it was before.
1525:Liquidâsolid-phase transitions
993:degree of elastic hysteresis.
598:
592:
520:
508:
502:
496:
465:
459:
440:
434:
353:
347:
308:
302:
1:
1290:H = M = 0
94:materials, as well as in the
82:that retains a record of the
4185:(Third ed.). Springer.
4099:10.1016/0304-8853(86)90066-1
3599:NBER Working Paper No. 14818
3374:Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos
3022:10.1016/j.molcel.2013.04.014
2983:10.1126/science.280.5365.895
2570:10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03258
2434:Journal of Mechanical Design
2113:When hysteresis occurs with
1965:BoucâWen model of hysteresis
1939:Preisach model of hysteresis
1894:used in different fields of
1790:In ocean and climate science
1653:There is some evidence that
1623:(Shh), for example, acts on
1594:discussed hysteresis of the
1029:viscoelastic characteristics
757:upon return. The values of
615:to an impulse that occurred
259:One type of hysteresis is a
232:Preisach model of hysteresis
171:Systems with hysteresis are
156:Hysteresis can be a dynamic
4030:10.1016/j.ymssp.2020.106984
3558:10.1103/PhysRevE.101.062145
2646:(Second ed.). London:
2493:British Association Reports
2133:Bean's critical state model
2066:Bean's critical state model
1761:Voice and speech physiology
1729:show hysteretic aspects of
1680:The property by which some
1313:initial magnetization curve
1204:initial magnetization curve
1115:Matric potential hysteresis
811:Sharp hysteresis loop of a
733:and back again, the output
702:rate-independent hysteresis
125:Hysteresis can be found in
31:Electric displacement field
4346:
4205:Visintin, Augusto (1994).
4131:The Science of Hysteresis
4056:Chikazumi, SĹshin (1997).
3771:(9). USA: AIP: 4718â4730.
3628:NBER Macroeconomics Annual
3217:10.1016/j.cell.2008.11.051
3128:10.1016/j.cell.2004.07.024
3053:Darlington, C. D. (1937).
2801:10.2136/sssabookser5.4.c23
2678:Pure and Applied Chemistry
2459:Love, Augustus E. (1927).
2304:The term is attributed to
1982:magnetorheological dampers
1809:
1691:
1673:
1604:
1583:
1550:
1451:
1432:Magnetic hysteresis models
1376:
1170:
1073:maximum capillary pressure
1063:The equilibrium shapes of
643:that can be computed from
641:generalized susceptibility
205:
18:
4058:Physics of Ferromagnetism
2306:Truesdell & Noll 1965
2198:Mayergoyz, I. D. (2003).
2173:Path dependence (physics)
1547:Cell biology and genetics
1470:. In these applications,
1454:Magnet § Common uses
871:passive matrix addressing
826:in an electrical signal.
679:rate-dependent hysteresis
663:{\displaystyle \Phi _{d}}
122:is a common side effect.
4228:Noori, Hamid R. (2014).
2242:(216â219): 21â23. 1882.
2074:(structural engineering)
1770:Ecology and epidemiology
1723:Context-dependent memory
1694:Context-dependent memory
1503:electrical dipole moment
1356:crystallographic defects
1354:. This effect is due to
1035:Contact angle hysteresis
776:PrandtlâIshlinskii model
19:Not to be confused with
4108:Systems with Hysteresis
3842:(6). USA: AIP: 065106.
3496:10.1073/pnas.0909146106
2692:10.1351/pac198557040603
2415:River rating complexity
2353:EE Times April 30, 2008
1802:rely on the principle.
1754:transpulmonary pressure
1059:Bubble shape hysteresis
1053:advancing contact angle
279:, but with a phase lag
4284:(interactive web page)
4159:. New York: Springer.
3756:R. V. Lapshin (1995).
3685:Engineering Structures
3289:West, John B. (2005).
2539:10.1098/rspa.1912.0104
2248:10.1098/rspl.1881.0067
2128:Backlash (engineering)
2102:StonerâWohlfarth model
2030:
2010:
1958:R programming language
1878:Hysteretic models are
1812:Hysteresis (economics)
1737:Respiratory physiology
1727:state-dependent memory
1715:central nervous system
1698:State-dependent memory
1250:ferromagnetic material
1241:
956:
815:
664:
629:
605:
569:
539:
412:
217:Sir James Alfred Ewing
84:Earth's magnetic field
56:
2046:transcendental models
2031:
2011:
1856:rational expectations
1637:transcription factors
1613:developmental biology
1493:Electrical hysteresis
1442:Jiles-Atherton models
1180:
1156:soil moisture sensors
1129:water retention curve
1091:Adsorption hysteresis
1023:The primary cause of
954:
898:user interface design
888:User interface design
810:
665:
630:
628:{\displaystyle \tau }
606:
570:
540:
413:
199:Etymology and history
29:
3370:Strogatz, Stephen H.
2762:on 28 September 2011
2359:on 30 September 2012
2148:Fuzzy control system
2092:(cell-cycle control)
2084:JilesâAtherton model
2020:
2000:
1943:linear superposition
1784:critical transitions
1743:compliance of a lung
1237:saturation remanence
1127:is the basis of the
1084:interfacial rheology
774:and the generalized
647:
619:
579:
552:
428:
292:
240:Douglas Hugh Everett
187:for ferromagnetism.
185:JilesâAtherton model
4199:Handbuch der Physik
4091:1986JMMM...61...48J
4060:. Clarendon Press.
4022:2021MSSP..14606984V
3960:Wen, Y. K. (1976).
3858:2020RScI...91f5106L
3817:Russian translation
3787:1995RScI...66.4718L
3722:Mayergoyz, Isaak D.
3697:2017EngSt.140..498V
3550:2020PhRvE.101f2145D
3489:(49): 20584â20589.
3415:2001GloEB..10..369D
3332:1999ASAJ..105..423L
2975:1998Sci...280..895F
2920:Nature Cell Biology
2884:1979JAP....50.7324M
2782:Scanlon, Bridget R.
2607:(16): 13310â13319.
2564:(46): 12031â12038.
2530:1912RSPSA..87..502H
2347:Johnson, R. Colin.
2049:differential models
1920:reinforced concrete
1914:materials, such as
1880:mathematical models
1705:, in exploring the
1531:melting temperature
1321:magnetic saturation
1173:Magnetic hysteresis
1167:Magnetic hysteresis
1104:and pore blocking.
894:computer algorithms
863:electrochrome cells
803:Electronic circuits
485:
244:Mark Krasnosel'skii
224:James Clerk Maxwell
104:shape-memory alloys
4275:2009-09-04 at the
4270:What's hysteresis?
3293:. Hagerstown, MD:
3177:10.1242/dev.054288
3084:(Third ed.).
2026:
2006:
1978:structural control
1888:mechanical systems
1709:, interfaces with
1629:neural progenitors
1401:magnetic recording
1281:and magnetization
1242:
1025:rolling resistance
957:
947:Elastic hysteresis
816:
660:
625:
601:
565:
535:
471:
408:
406:
192:Isaak D. Mayergoyz
57:
4328:Dynamical systems
4323:Nonlinear systems
4318:Materials science
4313:Magnetic ordering
4239:978-3-642-38217-8
4220:978-3-540-54793-8
4192:978-3-540-02779-9
4166:978-1-4939-2705-0
4147:978-0-12-480874-4
4121:978-0-387-15543-2
4067:978-0-19-851776-4
3866:10.1063/5.0012931
3795:10.1063/1.1145314
3739:978-0-12-480873-7
3591:Ball, Laurence M.
3538:Physical Review E
3304:978-0-7817-5152-0
3170:(23): 4051â4060.
3095:978-3-540-04316-4
3066:978-0-8240-1376-9
2810:978-0-89118-893-3
2730:10.1021/la050068y
2657:978-0-12-300956-2
2613:10.1021/la101870m
2470:978-0-486-60174-8
2446:10.1115/1.1596241
2291:978-0-12-093270-2
2209:978-0-12-480873-7
2090:NovakâTyson model
2029:{\displaystyle f}
2009:{\displaystyle u}
1974:soil liquefaction
1863:Olivier Blanchard
1839:unemployment rate
1565:Cells undergoing
1347:of the material.
1244:When an external
1210:. The intercepts
1182:Theoretical model
961:internal friction
672:transfer function
562:
493:
453:
116:internal friction
112:phase transitions
4335:
4243:
4224:
4196:
4170:
4151:
4125:
4102:
4071:
4042:
4041:
4005:
3999:
3998:
3980:
3974:
3973:
3957:
3951:
3950:
3938:
3932:
3931:
3923:
3917:
3916:
3914:
3912:
3900:
3894:
3893:
3851:
3831:
3820:
3814:
3780:
3762:
3753:
3744:
3743:
3718:
3709:
3708:
3676:
3670:
3660:
3654:
3653:
3643:
3619:
3613:
3612:
3610:
3587:
3578:
3577:
3533:
3527:
3526:
3516:
3498:
3474:
3468:
3467:
3457:
3433:
3427:
3426:
3394:
3388:
3387:
3366:
3360:
3359:
3340:10.1121/1.424572
3315:
3309:
3308:
3286:
3280:
3279:
3277:
3275:
3254:
3245:
3239:
3238:
3228:
3196:
3190:
3189:
3179:
3155:
3149:
3148:
3130:
3106:
3100:
3099:
3077:
3071:
3070:
3050:
3044:
3043:
3033:
3001:
2995:
2994:
2958:
2952:
2951:
2915:
2909:
2902:
2896:
2895:
2892:10.1063/1.326943
2867:
2861:
2855:
2849:
2843:
2837:
2836:
2834:
2833:
2827:
2821:. Archived from
2790:
2778:
2772:
2771:
2769:
2767:
2748:
2742:
2741:
2724:(8): 8214â8225.
2711:
2705:
2704:
2694:
2668:
2662:
2661:
2639:
2633:
2632:
2596:
2590:
2589:
2553:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2507:
2501:
2500:
2481:
2475:
2474:
2456:
2450:
2449:
2429:
2423:
2422:
2420:
2409:
2403:
2402:
2400:
2399:
2393:
2386:
2375:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2364:
2355:. Archived from
2344:
2338:
2331:
2325:
2319:
2313:
2302:
2296:
2295:
2273:
2260:
2259:
2228:
2222:
2221:
2195:
2043:algebraic models
2035:
2033:
2032:
2027:
2015:
2013:
2012:
2007:
1868:incomes policies
1827:equilibrium wage
1659:activate T cells
1559:bistable systems
1393:magnetic domains
1352:Barkhausen jumps
1338:
1328:
1310:
1304:
1298:
1292:
1286:
1280:
1248:is applied to a
1227:
1218:
1201:
1192:
1146:
1133:Matric potential
1049:interfacial area
822:in switches, or
768:
762:
756:
747:
738:
732:
723:
714:
696:Rate-independent
669:
667:
666:
661:
659:
658:
637:frequency domain
634:
632:
631:
626:
613:impulse response
610:
608:
607:
602:
591:
590:
574:
572:
571:
566:
564:
563:
560:
544:
542:
541:
536:
528:
495:
494:
491:
484:
479:
455:
454:
451:
417:
415:
414:
409:
407:
400:
396:
372:
371:
327:
326:
284:
278:
272:
210:
209:
166:rate-independent
151:Schmitt triggers
50:
42:material as the
37:
4345:
4344:
4338:
4337:
4336:
4334:
4333:
4332:
4298:
4297:
4277:Wayback Machine
4251:
4246:
4240:
4227:
4221:
4204:
4193:
4173:
4167:
4154:
4148:
4128:
4122:
4112:Springer-Verlag
4105:
4074:
4068:
4055:
4051:
4049:Further reading
4046:
4045:
4007:
4006:
4002:
3995:
3982:
3981:
3977:
3959:
3958:
3954:
3940:
3939:
3935:
3925:
3924:
3920:
3910:
3908:
3902:
3901:
3897:
3833:
3832:
3823:
3760:
3755:
3754:
3747:
3740:
3720:
3719:
3712:
3678:
3677:
3673:
3661:
3657:
3641:10.2307/3585159
3621:
3620:
3616:
3589:
3588:
3581:
3535:
3534:
3530:
3476:
3475:
3471:
3455:10.2307/3868190
3435:
3434:
3430:
3396:
3395:
3391:
3384:
3368:
3367:
3363:
3317:
3316:
3312:
3305:
3288:
3287:
3283:
3273:
3271:
3252:
3247:
3246:
3242:
3198:
3197:
3193:
3157:
3156:
3152:
3108:
3107:
3103:
3096:
3079:
3078:
3074:
3067:
3052:
3051:
3047:
3003:
3002:
2998:
2969:(5365): 895â8.
2960:
2959:
2955:
2917:
2916:
2912:
2903:
2899:
2869:
2868:
2864:
2856:
2852:
2844:
2840:
2831:
2829:
2825:
2811:
2788:
2780:
2779:
2775:
2765:
2763:
2750:
2749:
2745:
2713:
2712:
2708:
2670:
2669:
2665:
2658:
2641:
2640:
2636:
2598:
2597:
2593:
2555:
2554:
2547:
2509:
2508:
2504:
2483:
2482:
2478:
2471:
2458:
2457:
2453:
2431:
2430:
2426:
2418:
2411:
2410:
2406:
2397:
2395:
2391:
2384:
2377:
2376:
2372:
2362:
2360:
2346:
2345:
2341:
2332:
2328:
2320:
2316:
2303:
2299:
2292:
2275:
2274:
2263:
2230:
2229:
2225:
2210:
2197:
2196:
2192:
2187:
2182:
2168:Path dependence
2158:Markov property
2123:
2111:
2059:
2052:integral models
2018:
2017:
1998:
1997:
1876:
1835:
1814:
1808:
1792:
1772:
1763:
1739:
1703:Neuropsychology
1700:
1692:Main articles:
1690:
1688:Neuropsychology
1678:
1672:
1651:
1609:
1588:
1555:
1549:
1544:
1527:
1495:
1456:
1450:
1434:
1417:magnetic moment
1381:
1375:
1373:Physical origin
1337:
1334:
1327:
1324:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1291:
1288:
1285:
1282:
1279:
1276:
1270:hard disk drive
1226:
1223:
1220:
1217:
1214:
1211:
1200:
1197:
1191:
1188:
1175:
1169:
1164:
1144:
1142:
1138:
1135:measurements (Ψ
1121:water potential
1117:
1093:
1077:compressibility
1061:
1037:
949:
944:
928:
919:
907:
896:. The field of
890:
859:nanoelectronics
831:Schmitt trigger
813:Schmitt trigger
805:
789:
787:Control systems
784:
767:
764:
761:
758:
755:
752:
749:
746:
743:
740:
737:
734:
731:
728:
725:
722:
719:
716:
713:
710:
698:
650:
645:
644:
617:
616:
582:
577:
576:
555:
550:
549:
486:
446:
426:
425:
405:
404:
383:
379:
363:
356:
341:
340:
318:
311:
290:
289:
283:
280:
277:
274:
271:
268:
257:
252:
228:Ferenc Preisach
201:
76:hard disk drive
68:magnetic moment
53:hysteresis loop
49:
46:
36:
33:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4343:
4342:
4339:
4331:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4300:
4299:
4296:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4279:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4250:
4249:External links
4247:
4245:
4244:
4238:
4225:
4219:
4202:
4191:
4171:
4165:
4152:
4146:
4138:Academic Press
4133:(3-volume set)
4126:
4120:
4103:
4085:(1â2): 48â60.
4072:
4066:
4052:
4050:
4047:
4044:
4043:
4000:
3993:
3975:
3952:
3933:
3918:
3895:
3821:
3819:is available).
3745:
3738:
3730:Academic Press
3710:
3671:
3655:
3614:
3608:10.3386/w14818
3593:(March 2009).
3579:
3528:
3469:
3448:(7): 376â382.
3428:
3409:(4): 369â378.
3389:
3382:
3361:
3326:(1): 423â431.
3310:
3303:
3281:
3263:(1): 159â166.
3240:
3211:(2): 337â351.
3191:
3150:
3101:
3094:
3072:
3065:
3045:
3010:Molecular Cell
2996:
2953:
2932:10.1038/ncb954
2926:(4): 346â251.
2910:
2897:
2862:
2858:Chikazumi 1997
2850:
2846:Chikazumi 1997
2838:
2809:
2773:
2743:
2706:
2685:(4): 603â619.
2663:
2656:
2648:Academic Press
2634:
2591:
2545:
2502:
2476:
2469:
2451:
2440:(3): 620â624.
2424:
2404:
2370:
2339:
2326:
2314:
2297:
2290:
2282:Academic Press
2261:
2223:
2208:
2189:
2188:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2110:
2107:
2106:
2105:
2099:
2096:Preisach model
2093:
2087:
2081:
2075:
2072:BoucâWen model
2069:
2058:
2057:List of models
2055:
2054:
2053:
2050:
2047:
2044:
2025:
2005:
1986:base isolation
1934:
1933:
1930:
1927:
1875:
1872:
1843:ratchet effect
1834:
1831:
1810:Main article:
1807:
1804:
1800:climate models
1791:
1788:
1777:spruce budworm
1771:
1768:
1762:
1759:
1738:
1735:
1731:neurocognition
1689:
1686:
1671:
1668:
1650:
1647:
1621:sonic hedgehog
1605:Main article:
1584:Main article:
1551:Main article:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1526:
1523:
1494:
1491:
1487:electromagnets
1452:Main article:
1449:
1446:
1433:
1430:
1379:Ferromagnetism
1377:Main article:
1374:
1371:
1335:
1325:
1307:
1301:
1295:
1289:
1283:
1277:
1246:magnetic field
1224:
1221:
1215:
1212:
1198:
1195:magnetic field
1189:
1171:Main article:
1168:
1165:
1163:
1160:
1140:
1136:
1116:
1113:
1092:
1089:
1060:
1057:
1036:
1033:
1014:Mountain bikes
948:
945:
943:
940:
927:
924:
918:
915:
906:
903:
889:
886:
869:devices using
838:latching relay
820:contact bounce
804:
801:
788:
785:
783:
782:In engineering
780:
772:Preisach model
765:
759:
753:
750:
744:
741:
735:
729:
726:
720:
717:
711:
697:
694:
657:
653:
624:
600:
597:
594:
589:
585:
558:
546:
545:
534:
531:
527:
522:
519:
516:
513:
510:
507:
504:
501:
498:
489:
483:
478:
474:
470:
467:
464:
461:
458:
449:
445:
442:
439:
436:
433:
419:
418:
403:
399:
395:
392:
389:
386:
382:
378:
375:
370:
366:
362:
359:
357:
355:
352:
349:
346:
343:
342:
339:
336:
333:
330:
325:
321:
317:
314:
312:
310:
307:
304:
301:
298:
297:
281:
275:
269:
256:
255:Rate-dependent
253:
251:
248:
200:
197:
181:BoucâWen model
177:Preisach model
162:rate-dependent
72:magnetic field
47:
44:electric field
34:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4341:
4340:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4305:
4303:
4294:
4291:
4289:
4286:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4274:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4252:
4248:
4241:
4235:
4231:
4226:
4222:
4216:
4212:
4208:
4203:
4200:
4194:
4188:
4184:
4180:
4176:
4175:Truesdell, C.
4172:
4168:
4162:
4158:
4153:
4149:
4143:
4139:
4135:
4132:
4127:
4123:
4117:
4113:
4109:
4104:
4100:
4096:
4092:
4088:
4084:
4080:
4079:
4073:
4069:
4063:
4059:
4054:
4053:
4048:
4039:
4035:
4031:
4027:
4023:
4019:
4015:
4011:
4004:
4001:
3996:
3994:9781461413745
3990:
3986:
3979:
3976:
3972:(2): 249â263.
3971:
3967:
3963:
3956:
3953:
3948:
3945:(in French).
3944:
3937:
3934:
3929:
3922:
3919:
3906:
3899:
3896:
3891:
3887:
3883:
3879:
3875:
3871:
3867:
3863:
3859:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3841:
3837:
3830:
3828:
3826:
3822:
3818:
3812:
3808:
3804:
3800:
3796:
3792:
3788:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3770:
3766:
3759:
3752:
3750:
3746:
3741:
3735:
3731:
3727:
3723:
3717:
3715:
3711:
3706:
3702:
3698:
3694:
3690:
3686:
3682:
3675:
3672:
3669:
3665:
3659:
3656:
3651:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3633:
3629:
3625:
3618:
3615:
3609:
3604:
3600:
3596:
3592:
3586:
3584:
3580:
3575:
3571:
3567:
3563:
3559:
3555:
3551:
3547:
3544:(6): 062145.
3543:
3539:
3532:
3529:
3524:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3506:
3502:
3497:
3492:
3488:
3484:
3480:
3473:
3470:
3465:
3461:
3456:
3451:
3447:
3443:
3439:
3432:
3429:
3424:
3420:
3416:
3412:
3408:
3404:
3400:
3393:
3390:
3385:
3383:0-7382-0453-6
3379:
3375:
3371:
3365:
3362:
3357:
3353:
3349:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3329:
3325:
3321:
3314:
3311:
3306:
3300:
3296:
3292:
3285:
3282:
3270:
3266:
3262:
3258:
3251:
3244:
3241:
3236:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3218:
3214:
3210:
3206:
3202:
3195:
3192:
3187:
3183:
3178:
3173:
3169:
3165:
3161:
3154:
3151:
3146:
3142:
3138:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3121:(4): 517â28.
3120:
3116:
3112:
3105:
3102:
3097:
3091:
3087:
3083:
3076:
3073:
3068:
3062:
3058:
3057:
3049:
3046:
3041:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3023:
3019:
3016:(6): 856â68.
3015:
3011:
3007:
3000:
2997:
2992:
2988:
2984:
2980:
2976:
2972:
2968:
2964:
2957:
2954:
2949:
2945:
2941:
2937:
2933:
2929:
2925:
2921:
2914:
2911:
2907:
2901:
2898:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2881:
2878:(B11): 7324.
2877:
2873:
2872:J. Appl. Phys
2866:
2863:
2859:
2854:
2851:
2847:
2842:
2839:
2828:on 2006-03-13
2824:
2820:
2816:
2812:
2806:
2802:
2798:
2794:
2787:
2783:
2777:
2774:
2761:
2757:
2754:
2747:
2744:
2739:
2735:
2731:
2727:
2723:
2719:
2718:
2710:
2707:
2702:
2698:
2693:
2688:
2684:
2680:
2679:
2674:
2667:
2664:
2659:
2653:
2649:
2645:
2638:
2635:
2630:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2595:
2592:
2587:
2583:
2579:
2575:
2571:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2552:
2550:
2546:
2540:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2518:
2513:
2506:
2503:
2498:
2494:
2490:
2486:
2480:
2477:
2472:
2466:
2462:
2455:
2452:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2428:
2425:
2417:
2416:
2408:
2405:
2394:on 2017-08-10
2390:
2383:
2382:
2374:
2371:
2358:
2354:
2350:
2343:
2340:
2336:
2330:
2327:
2323:
2322:Visintin 1994
2318:
2315:
2311:
2310:Visintin 1994
2307:
2301:
2298:
2293:
2287:
2283:
2279:
2272:
2270:
2268:
2266:
2262:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2227:
2224:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2205:
2201:
2194:
2191:
2184:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2156:
2154:
2153:Hysteresivity
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2125:
2120:
2118:
2116:
2108:
2103:
2100:
2097:
2094:
2091:
2088:
2085:
2082:
2079:
2076:
2073:
2070:
2067:
2064:
2063:
2062:
2056:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2040:
2037:
2023:
2003:
1994:
1992:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1950:Lapshin model
1946:
1944:
1940:
1931:
1928:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1912:
1911:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1885:
1881:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1857:
1853:
1849:
1844:
1840:
1832:
1830:
1828:
1822:
1819:
1813:
1805:
1803:
1801:
1797:
1789:
1787:
1785:
1780:
1778:
1769:
1767:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1750:
1748:
1744:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1699:
1695:
1687:
1685:
1683:
1677:
1669:
1667:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1608:
1603:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1587:
1582:
1578:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1567:cell division
1563:
1560:
1554:
1546:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1532:
1524:
1522:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1499:ferroelectric
1492:
1490:
1488:
1484:
1479:
1477:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1460:magnetic tape
1455:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1439:
1431:
1429:
1427:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1409:
1404:
1402:
1398:
1397:single-domain
1394:
1390:
1389:magnetization
1386:
1385:ferromagnetic
1380:
1372:
1370:
1368:
1363:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1348:
1346:
1342:
1332:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1273:
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1256:, the atomic
1255:
1251:
1247:
1239:
1238:
1233:
1232:
1209:
1205:
1196:
1187:
1186:magnetization
1183:
1179:
1174:
1166:
1161:
1159:
1157:
1152:
1148:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1125:water content
1122:
1114:
1112:
1110:
1105:
1103:
1098:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1080:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1069:blunt needles
1066:
1058:
1056:
1054:
1050:
1045:
1042:
1041:contact angle
1034:
1032:
1030:
1026:
1021:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1002:
1000:
994:
990:
986:
984:
980:
976:
972:
967:
964:
962:
953:
946:
941:
939:
937:
933:
925:
923:
916:
914:
912:
904:
902:
899:
895:
887:
885:
883:
878:
876:
872:
868:
867:memory effect
864:
860:
855:
853:
848:
845:
843:
839:
834:
832:
827:
825:
821:
814:
809:
802:
800:
797:
794:
786:
781:
779:
777:
773:
715:cycles from
707:
703:
700:Systems with
695:
693:
691:
688:effects like
687:
682:
680:
675:
673:
655:
642:
638:
622:
614:
595:
587:
556:
532:
529:
517:
514:
511:
505:
499:
476:
472:
468:
462:
456:
447:
443:
437:
431:
424:
423:
422:
401:
397:
393:
390:
387:
384:
380:
376:
373:
368:
364:
360:
358:
350:
344:
337:
334:
331:
328:
323:
319:
315:
313:
305:
299:
288:
287:
286:
266:
262:
254:
249:
247:
245:
241:
237:
233:
229:
225:
220:
218:
214:
213:Ancient Greek
208:
198:
196:
193:
188:
186:
182:
178:
174:
169:
167:
163:
159:
154:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
123:
121:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
92:ferroelectric
89:
88:ferromagnetic
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
61:
54:
45:
41:
40:ferroelectric
32:
28:
22:
4232:. Springer.
4229:
4206:
4198:
4182:
4179:Noll, Walter
4156:
4134:
4130:
4110:. New York:
4107:
4082:
4076:
4057:
4013:
4009:
4003:
3987:. Springer.
3984:
3978:
3969:
3965:
3955:
3946:
3942:
3936:
3927:
3921:
3909:. Retrieved
3898:
3839:
3835:
3768:
3764:
3725:
3688:
3684:
3674:
3658:
3631:
3627:
3617:
3598:
3541:
3537:
3531:
3486:
3482:
3472:
3445:
3441:
3431:
3406:
3402:
3392:
3373:
3364:
3323:
3319:
3313:
3290:
3284:
3272:. Retrieved
3260:
3256:
3243:
3208:
3204:
3194:
3167:
3163:
3153:
3118:
3114:
3104:
3081:
3075:
3055:
3048:
3013:
3009:
2999:
2966:
2962:
2956:
2923:
2919:
2913:
2900:
2875:
2871:
2865:
2860:, Chapter 15
2853:
2841:
2830:. Retrieved
2823:the original
2792:
2776:
2766:28 September
2764:. Retrieved
2760:the original
2755:
2746:
2721:
2715:
2709:
2682:
2676:
2666:
2643:
2637:
2604:
2600:
2594:
2561:
2557:
2524:(598): 502.
2521:
2515:
2505:
2492:
2485:Ewing, J. A.
2479:
2460:
2454:
2437:
2433:
2427:
2414:
2407:
2396:. Retrieved
2389:the original
2380:
2373:
2363:27 September
2361:. Retrieved
2357:the original
2352:
2342:
2329:
2317:
2300:
2277:
2239:
2235:
2226:
2199:
2193:
2112:
2060:
2038:
1995:
1962:
1947:
1935:
1877:
1860:
1836:
1823:
1815:
1806:In economics
1793:
1781:
1773:
1764:
1751:
1740:
1711:neuroscience
1701:
1679:
1670:Neuroscience
1652:
1635:-containing
1610:
1600:cell nucleus
1589:
1579:
1564:
1556:
1553:Cell biology
1528:
1496:
1482:
1480:
1471:
1468:credit cards
1457:
1448:Applications
1435:
1426:denucleation
1425:
1421:
1412:domain walls
1411:
1407:
1405:
1382:
1364:
1360:dislocations
1349:
1340:
1312:
1311:follows the
1274:
1261:
1243:
1235:
1229:
1207:
1203:
1162:In materials
1151:Tensiometers
1149:
1118:
1109:mesoporosity
1106:
1094:
1081:
1062:
1046:
1038:
1022:
1003:
995:
991:
987:
978:
974:
968:
965:
958:
942:In mechanics
929:
920:
911:aerodynamics
908:
905:Aerodynamics
891:
879:
856:
849:
846:
835:
828:
817:
798:
790:
705:
701:
699:
683:
678:
676:
640:
547:
420:
258:
221:
202:
189:
170:
165:
161:
155:
124:
100:rubber bands
59:
58:
52:
3907:. R-project
3691:: 498â514.
3164:Development
2848:, Chapter 1
2104:(magnetism)
2098:(magnetism)
2086:(magnetism)
2080:(magnetism)
2078:Ising model
2068:(magnetism)
1896:engineering
1633:homeodomain
1596:chromosomes
1266:demagnetize
983:Hooke's law
971:rubber band
686:dissipative
147:thermostats
135:engineering
120:dissipation
96:deformation
70:in a given
4308:Hysteresis
4302:Categories
4265:Hysteresis
4016:: 106984.
3849:1701.08070
3778:2006.02784
2832:2006-05-26
2398:2012-04-25
2312:, page 13.
2185:References
1908:mechanical
1898:, such as
1825:be at the
1747:compliance
1674:See also:
1663:Ras GTPase
1649:Immunology
1617:morphogens
1542:In biology
1464:hard disks
1422:nucleation
1367:spin glass
1345:coercivity
1262:magnetized
1231:coercivity
1102:cavitation
1097:adsorption
1010:elastomers
1008:(or other
1001:isolated.
932:gear train
917:Hydraulics
882:noise gate
852:memristors
793:thermostat
706:persistent
265:sinusoidal
236:Louis NĂŠel
60:Hysteresis
4038:224951872
3874:0034-6748
3811:121671951
3803:0034-6748
3634:: 15â78.
3566:2470-0045
3505:0027-8424
3348:0001-4966
2819:102411388
2621:0743-7463
2578:0743-7463
2324:, page 13
2256:110895565
2218:162129543
2178:Remanence
2163:Memristor
2138:Black box
1970:torsional
1900:aerospace
1892:materials
1884:nonlinear
1719:reduction
1607:Morphogen
1586:Chromatin
1341:main loop
1333:. If the
1331:remanence
1317:asymptote
1208:main loop
999:thermally
875:crosstalk
652:Φ
623:τ
596:τ
584:Φ
557:χ
530:τ
518:τ
515:−
500:τ
488:Φ
482:∞
473:∫
448:χ
394:φ
391:−
385:ω
377:
335:ω
332:
207:á˝ĎĎÎĎΡĎΚĎ
173:nonlinear
143:economics
131:chemistry
114:and with
80:remanence
4273:Archived
4211:Springer
4201:in 1965.
3949:: 16â25.
3943:Acustica
3911:June 11,
3890:13489477
3882:32611047
3724:(2003).
3574:32688620
3523:19897722
3372:(1994).
3269:14702184
3235:19167334
3186:21062862
3145:16280983
3137:15315763
3086:Springer
3040:23685071
2948:11047458
2940:12629549
2738:16114924
2717:Langmuir
2701:14894781
2629:20695573
2601:Langmuir
2586:27798833
2558:Langmuir
2487:(1889).
2143:Deadband
2121:See also
1991:OpenSees
1794:Complex
1625:limb bud
1592:genetics
1505:(either
1438:Preisach
1358:such as
1252:such as
1228:are the
1193:against
979:unloaded
936:backlash
926:Backlash
842:solenoid
739:may be
690:friction
110:such as
78:and the
21:Hysteria
4087:Bibcode
4018:Bibcode
3854:Bibcode
3783:Bibcode
3693:Bibcode
3668:2231931
3650:3585159
3546:Bibcode
3514:2791639
3464:3868190
3411:Bibcode
3356:9921668
3328:Bibcode
3274:1 March
3226:2662698
3031:3696412
2991:9572732
2971:Bibcode
2963:Science
2880:Bibcode
2526:Bibcode
1956:and in
1954:Mathcad
1682:neurons
1655:T cells
1575:mitosis
1571:cyclins
1408:domains
1319:called
1258:domains
1065:bubbles
840:uses a
704:have a
611:is the
139:biology
127:physics
4236:
4217:
4189:
4163:
4144:
4118:
4064:
4036:
3991:
3888:
3880:
3872:
3809:
3801:
3736:
3666:
3648:
3572:
3564:
3521:
3511:
3503:
3462:
3380:
3354:
3346:
3301:
3267:
3233:
3223:
3184:
3143:
3135:
3092:
3063:
3038:
3028:
2989:
2946:
2938:
2817:
2807:
2756:SOWACS
2736:
2699:
2654:
2627:
2619:
2584:
2576:
2467:
2288:
2254:
2216:
2206:
2109:Energy
1906:, and
1874:Models
1852:sticky
1818:export
1466:, and
1006:rubber
975:loaded
548:where
282:φ
267:input
141:, and
118:; and
64:magnet
4034:S2CID
3886:S2CID
3844:arXiv
3807:S2CID
3773:arXiv
3761:(PDF)
3664:JSTOR
3646:JSTOR
3460:JSTOR
3253:(PDF)
3141:S2CID
2944:S2CID
2826:(PDF)
2815:S2CID
2789:(PDF)
2697:S2CID
2419:(PDF)
2392:(PDF)
2385:(PDF)
2252:S2CID
1916:steel
1904:civil
1848:NAIRU
1796:ocean
1299:and
1145:5 kPa
1143:) of
1020:car.
824:noise
250:Types
211:, an
38:of a
4234:ISBN
4215:ISBN
4187:ISBN
4161:ISBN
4142:ISBN
4116:ISBN
4062:ISBN
3989:ISBN
3913:2020
3878:PMID
3870:ISSN
3799:ISSN
3734:ISBN
3570:PMID
3562:ISSN
3519:PMID
3501:ISSN
3378:ISBN
3352:PMID
3344:ISSN
3299:ISBN
3276:2011
3265:PMID
3231:PMID
3205:Cell
3182:PMID
3133:PMID
3115:Cell
3090:ISBN
3061:ISBN
3036:PMID
2987:PMID
2936:PMID
2805:ISBN
2768:2011
2734:PMID
2652:ISBN
2625:PMID
2617:ISSN
2582:PMID
2574:ISSN
2465:ISBN
2365:2011
2286:ISBN
2214:OCLC
2204:ISBN
1963:The
1924:wood
1890:and
1798:and
1752:The
1725:and
1696:and
1627:and
1535:agar
1483:soft
1476:iron
1472:hard
1440:and
1424:and
1254:iron
1234:and
1219:and
1123:and
1039:The
1018:Mini
865:and
766:X(t)
760:Y(t)
736:Y(t)
712:X(t)
276:Y(t)
270:X(t)
238:and
149:and
102:and
90:and
4095:doi
4026:doi
4014:146
3970:102
3862:doi
3791:doi
3701:doi
3689:140
3636:doi
3603:doi
3554:doi
3542:101
3509:PMC
3491:doi
3487:106
3450:doi
3419:doi
3336:doi
3324:105
3221:PMC
3213:doi
3209:136
3172:doi
3168:137
3123:doi
3119:118
3026:PMC
3018:doi
2979:doi
2967:280
2928:doi
2888:doi
2797:doi
2726:doi
2687:doi
2609:doi
2566:doi
2534:doi
2497:502
2442:doi
2438:125
2308:by
2244:doi
1721:).
1642:Gli
1611:In
1513:or
1428:).
1403:).
1336:H-M
1184:of
909:In
724:to
374:sin
329:sin
261:lag
234:),
158:lag
98:of
4304::
4213:.
4209:.
4177:;
4140:.
4136:.
4114:.
4093:.
4083:61
4081:.
4032:.
4024:.
4012:.
3968:.
3964:.
3947:24
3884:.
3876:.
3868:.
3860:.
3852:.
3840:91
3838:.
3824:^
3805:.
3797:.
3789:.
3781:.
3769:66
3767:.
3763:.
3748:^
3732:.
3728:.
3713:^
3699:.
3687:.
3683:.
3644:.
3630:.
3626:.
3601:.
3597:.
3582:^
3568:.
3560:.
3552:.
3540:.
3517:.
3507:.
3499:.
3485:.
3481:.
3458:.
3444:.
3440:.
3417:.
3407:10
3405:.
3401:.
3350:.
3342:.
3334:.
3322:.
3297:.
3261:19
3259:.
3255:.
3229:.
3219:.
3207:.
3203:.
3180:.
3166:.
3162:.
3139:.
3131:.
3117:.
3113:.
3088:.
3034:.
3024:.
3014:50
3012:.
3008:.
2985:.
2977:.
2965:.
2942:.
2934:.
2922:.
2886:.
2876:50
2874:.
2813:.
2803:.
2791:.
2732:.
2722:21
2720:.
2695:.
2683:57
2681:.
2675:.
2650:.
2623:.
2615:.
2605:26
2603:.
2580:.
2572:.
2562:32
2560:.
2548:^
2532:.
2522:87
2520:.
2514:.
2495::
2491:.
2436:.
2351:.
2284:.
2280:.
2264:^
2250:.
2240:33
2238:.
2234:.
2212:.
1993:.
1984:,
1960:.
1922:,
1918:,
1902:,
1733:.
1602:.
1462:,
1362:.
1272:.
1240:.
1225:rs
1131:.
963:.
861:,
836:A
829:A
778:.
285::
246:.
137:,
133:,
129:,
4242:.
4223:.
4195:.
4169:.
4150:.
4124:.
4101:.
4097::
4089::
4070:.
4040:.
4028::
4020::
3997:.
3915:.
3892:.
3864::
3856::
3846::
3815:(
3813:.
3793::
3785::
3775::
3742:.
3707:.
3703::
3695::
3652:.
3638::
3632:1
3611:.
3605::
3576:.
3556::
3548::
3525:.
3493::
3466:.
3452::
3446:1
3425:.
3421::
3413::
3386:.
3358:.
3338::
3330::
3307:.
3278:.
3237:.
3215::
3188:.
3174::
3147:.
3125::
3098:.
3069:.
3042:.
3020::
2993:.
2981::
2973::
2950:.
2930::
2924:5
2908:.
2894:.
2890::
2882::
2835:.
2799::
2770:.
2740:.
2728::
2703:.
2689::
2660:.
2631:.
2611::
2588:.
2568::
2542:.
2536::
2528::
2499:.
2473:.
2448:.
2444::
2401:.
2367:.
2294:.
2258:.
2246::
2220:.
2024:f
2004:u
1926:;
1519:m
1517:¡
1515:C
1511:m
1509:¡
1507:C
1326:M
1308:M
1302:M
1296:H
1284:M
1278:H
1222:m
1216:c
1213:h
1199:h
1190:m
1141:m
1137:m
754:2
751:Y
745:0
742:Y
730:1
727:X
721:0
718:X
656:d
599:)
593:(
588:d
561:i
533:,
526:d
521:)
512:t
509:(
506:X
503:)
497:(
492:d
477:0
469:+
466:)
463:t
460:(
457:X
452:i
444:=
441:)
438:t
435:(
432:Y
402:.
398:)
388:t
381:(
369:0
365:Y
361:=
354:)
351:t
348:(
345:Y
338:t
324:0
320:X
316:=
309:)
306:t
303:(
300:X
230:(
55:.
48:E
35:D
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
