426:
all KSHV-associated etiologies known to date including all KSHV-associated oncogenesis. It has been shown that both protein coding genes such as LANA and noncoding genes (microRNAs) encoded in KLAR are important for KSHV associated tumorigenesis. To study the functions of microRNAs, a detailed protocol of bacmid mutagenesis and a complete set of cell-lines carrying microRNA deletion mutants have been established and are available as a resource to researchers. Additionally, it has been shown that vFLIP and vCyclin interfere with the TGF-β signaling pathway indirectly by inducing the oncogenic host mir17-92 cluster. These observations represents a novel mechanism that may be important for KSHV tumorigenesis and angiogenesis, a hallmark of KS.
310:, or RDA, to find KSHV by comparing KS tumor tissue from an AIDS patient to his own unaffected tissue. The idea behind this experiment was that if a virus causes KS, the genomic DNA in the two samples should be precisely identical except for DNA belonging to the virus. In their initial RDA experiment, they isolated two small DNA fragments that represented less than 1% of the actual viral genome. These fragments were similar (but still distinct from) the known herpevirus sequences, indicating the presence of a new virus. Starting from these fragments, this research team was then able to sequence the entire genome of the virus less than two years later.
456:). As each unit genome is replicated, it is cut within the terminal repeat region, and then packaged into a virus particle (virion). The virus then becomes enveloped with a lipid membrane as it transits the nucleus and the cytoplasm to exit the cell. Thus, whereas KSHV genome is circular in the nucleus of latently infected cells, it is packaged into infectious viruses as a linear molecule. When the virus enters into lytic replication, thousands of virus particles can be made from a single cell, which usually results in death of the infected cell.
60:
264:
4658:
42:
452:
generation of RTA, it in turn activates synthesis of a stereotypic cascade of secondary and tertiary viral proteins that ultimately make components of the virus capsid and also the DNA synthesis enzymes required to replicate the virus genome. During lytic replication, it is believed that the virus genome is replicated as a continuous linear molecule off of an episome (so-called
318:
occur in
Mediterranean populations (including Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Italy, and Greece) and low levels of infection occur in most Northern European and North American populations. Gay and bisexual men are more susceptible to infection (through still unknown routes of sexual transmission) whereas the virus is transmitted through non-sexual routes in developing countries.
563:, China. Although seroprevalence has been consistently shown to increase with age in a linear manner, countries with high infection rates may see higher seroprevalence in younger age groups. Educational level has shown an inverse correlation with infection rates. Individuals infected with HIV-1 or genital warts are generally more likely to be co-infected with HHV-8.
245:(KS). KS was at first thought to be an uncommon tumor of Jewish and Mediterranean populations until it was later determined to be extremely common throughout sub-Saharan African populations. This led to the first suggestions in the 1950s that this tumor might be caused by a virus. With the onset of the
496:
Recent advances in sequencing technologies have uncovered that virus is chromatinized during latency. It has also been shown that virus encoded microRNA manipulates and interacts not only with host mRNA but also deregulate host long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). More recently, circularRNAs (circRNAs) are
707:
KSHV encodes for ~90 genes and multiple non-coding RNAs, such as microRNAs. The "ORF" genes are named based on genome position of the homologous genes in the first rhadinovirus described, herpesvirus saimiri. The "K" genes are unique to KSHV, Some KSHV genes have well-characterized functions, while
587:
of this virus in the
Mediterranean, Iran, and Xinjiang, China, has been estimated to have evolved 29,872 years (95% highest probability density 26,851–32,760 years) ago. the most recent common ancestor for viruses isolated in Xinjiang was 2037 years (95% highest probability density 1843–2229 years)
683:) has been a great success. Because of KSHV infection, the monocytes increase the expression of PD-1, which is an inhibitory molecule, and cause immune escape in many tumor types. There is high PD-1 expression in NK cells from KS-HIV patients and cause exhausted phenotype. The anti-PD-1 antibody, (
500:
Infection with this virus is thought to be lifelong, but a healthy immune system will keep the virus in check. Many people infected with KSHV will never show any symptoms. Kaposi's sarcoma occurs when someone who has been infected with KSHV becomes immunocompromised due to AIDS, medical treatment,
425:
After entry, the virus typically remains in a latent ("quiet") state. Only a subset of genes that are encoded in the KSHV latency associated region (KLAR) are expressed during latency, including latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA), vFLIP, vCyclin and 12 microRNAs. Latency is the hallmark of
3136:
Jary A, Leducq V, Desire N, Petit H, Palich R, Joly V, Canestri A, Gothland A, Lambert-Niclot S, Surgers L, Amiel C, Descamps D, Spano JP, Katlama C, Calvez V, Marcelin AG (2020) New Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus variant in men who have sex with men associated with severe pathologies. J
550:
In the 1970s, the global prevalence rate for HHV-8 was 2 to 10%. The seroprevalence of HHV-8 varies significantly geographically and infection rates in northern
European, southeast Asian, and Caribbean countries are between 2-4%, in Mediterranean countries at approximately 10%, and in sub-Saharan
574:
survey, all children with KS had mothers who were positive for HHV-8, whereas not all children whose mothers had KS were HHV-8 positive. In another
Zambian survey, 13.8% of children were seropositive for HHV-8 by age 4. Seroprevalence has not been shown to vary significantly because of gender or
317:
sparked considerable controversy and scientific in-fighting until sufficient data had been collected to show that indeed KSHV was the causative agent of Kaposi's sarcoma. The virus is now known to be a widespread infection of people living in sub-Saharan Africa; intermediate levels of infection
674:
Although KSHV affects the host immune system, there is ample chance for clinical intervention to recover this change. One challenge is overexpression inhibitory of target cell repress immune. Under longtime inflammation stimulation, the target cell becomes unable to respond, which leads to an
451:
Various signals such as inflammation may provoke the virus to enter into lytic replication. The primary viral protein responsible for the switch between latent and lytic replication is known as the ORF50 Replication
Transactivation Activator (RTA). When cell signaling conditions activate the
438:
and suppresses viral genes needed for full virus production and assembly ("lytic replication"). Why only a subset of virus genes expressed during latency is not fully understood. But it has been shown that the latency associated gene expression can be explained in part by a characteristic
394:
and many others. While no other human tumor virus possesses these same genes, other tumor viruses target the same cellular pathways illustrating that at a basic level, all tumor viruses appear to attack the same cellular control pathways, so-called tumor suppressor pathways.
691:), demonstrated a significant antitumor effect. Nivolumab is currently an ongoing phase I clinical trial, and Pembrolizumab has shown its function in treatment for HIV and KS patients in phase I and is in a phase II trial for treatment. A thalidomide analog medicine –
488:
The mechanisms by which the virus is contracted are not well understood. Healthy individuals can be infected with the virus and show no signs or symptoms, due to the immune system's ability to keep the infection in check. Infection is of particular concern to the
667:, that target the replication of herpesviruses such as KSHV have been used to successfully prevent development of Kaposi's sarcoma, although once the tumor develops these drugs are of little or no use. For patients with AIDS-KS, the most effective therapy is
346:-long unique region, encoding all of expressed viral genes, which is flanked by ~20-30 kilobases of terminal repeat sequences. Each terminal repeat unit is 801 bp in length, has 85% G+C content and is oriented in a repetitive head-to-tail fashion. KSHV is a
472:, may induce the lytic reactivation of KSHV in the human body, causing the herpes virus to cease latency and begin the formation of cancerous cells. Further, it was discovered that some medications used to treat the infection with SARS-CoV-2, namely
443:
state that KSHV episome acquires during latency. LANA plays an important role during latency, regulating both host and virus transcripts and binding to multiple active promoters; it also associates with the host protein hSET1 that creates
2284:
Ungerleider, NA; Jain, V; Wang, Y; Maness, NJ; Blair, RV; Alvarez, X; Midkiff, C; Kolson, D; Bai, S; Roberts, C; Moss, WN; Wang, X; Serfecz, J; Seddon, M; Lehman, T; Ma, T; Dong, Y; Renne, R; Tibbetts, SA; Flemington, EK (15 March 2019).
1889:
Jain, Vaibhav; Plaisance-Bonstaff, Karlie; Sangani, Rajnikumar; Lanier, Curtis; Dolce, Alexander; Hu, Jianhong; Brulois, Kevin; Haecker, Irina; Turner, Peter; Renne, Rolf; Krueger, Brian (19 February 2016).
429:
During latency, LANA is the only viral protein that is required for viral replication, which is carried out by the host replication machinery. LANA tethers the viral DNA to cellular chromosomes, inhibits
249:
epidemic in the early 1980s, there was a sudden resurgence of KS affecting AIDS patients, with up to 50% of reported AIDS patients having this tumor—an extraordinary rate of cancer predisposition.
675:
exhausted phenotype. The activation immunotherapies can revive and enhance immune cell function. Comparing to other immunotherapies, therapies targeting the anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (
3127:
Liu Z, Fang Q, Zuo J, Minhas V, Wood C, He N, Zhang T (2017) Was Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus introduced into China via the ancient Silk Road? An evolutionary perspective. Arch Virol
874:, latency-associated nuclear antigen– tethers genome to chromosome during latency, also regulates host gene expression. A cytoplasmic form of LANA may inhibit activation of immune responses.
566:
In countries with low seroprevalence, HHV-8 is primarily limited to AIDS and KS patients. In countries with high seroprevalence, infection is frequent in childhood, indicating a likely
5976:
2521:"Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of classic Kaposi's sarcoma, seroprevalence, and variants of human herpesvirus 8 in South America: A critical review of an old disease"
532:
5071:
2774:"Prevalence of Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus compared with selected sexually transmitted diseases in adolescents and young adults in rural Rakai District, Uganda"
2671:"Seroprevalence and risk factors of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection among the general Uygur population from south and north region of Xinjiang, China"
1734:
Kumar, Binod; Dutta, Dipanjan; Iqbal, Jawed; Ansari, Mairaj Ahmed; Roy, Arunava; Chikoti, Leela; Pisano, Gina; Veettil, Mohanan Valiya; Chandran, Bala (October 2016).
5943:
2101:
414:. Once the virus newly infects a cell, the lipid membrane is shed and the virion travels to the nucleus. The viral genome is released where it circularizes into an
4652:
3345:"Comparative analysis of the viral interferon regulatory factors of KSHV for their requisite for virus production and inhibition of the type I interferon pathway"
192:
5854:
837:
2225:
Tagawa, T; Gao, S; Koparde, VN; Gonzalez, M; Spouge, JL; Serquiña, AP; Lurain, K; Ramaswami, R; Uldrick, TS; Yarchoan, R; Ziegelbauer, JM (11 December 2018).
2053:"Identification of Direct Transcriptional Targets of the Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Rta Lytic Switch Protein by Conditional Nuclear Localization"
699:, which help cell display intracellular proteins to cytotoxic T cells, and it also can repress the expression of PD-L1 and increase the CD8+ T cell killing.
2997:
Brayfield, B. P.; Phiri, S; Kankasa, C; Muyanga, J; Mantina, H; Kwenda, G; West, J. T.; Bhat, G; Marx, D. B.; Klaskala, W; Mitchell, C. D.; Wood, C (2003).
655:
Kaposi's sarcoma is usually a localized tumor that can be treated either surgically or through local irradiation. Chemotherapy with drugs such as liposomal
1736:"ESCRT-I Protein Tsg101 Plays a Role in the Post-macropinocytic Trafficking and Infection of Endothelial Cells by Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus"
1677:
Veettil, Mohanan Valiya; Kumar, Binod; Ansari, Mairaj Ahmed; Dutta, Dipanjan; Iqbal, Jawed; Gjyshi, Olsi; Bottero, Virginie; Chandran, Bala (April 2016).
5657:
3081:"Early childhood infection by human herpesvirus 8 in Zambia and the role of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 coinfection in a highly endemic area"
5064:
2617:
Pelser, C; Vitale, F; Whitby, D; Graubard, B. I.; Messina, A; Gafà, L; Brown, E. E.; Anderson, L. A.; Romano, N; Lauria, C; Goedert, J. J. (2009).
3480:
256:, led these investigators to propose that KS is caused by an unknown sexually transmitted virus that rarely causes tumors unless the host becomes
1026:
1793:
Campadelli-Fiume G, Collins-McMillen D, et al. (July 2016). "Integrins as
Herpersvirus Receptors and Mediators of the Host Signalosome".
493:. Cancer patients receiving chemotherapy, AIDS patients, and organ transplant patients are all at a high risk of showing signs of infection..
4692:
241:
described a blood vessel tumor (originally called "idiopathic multiple pigmented sarcoma of the skin") that has since been eponymously named
3040:"Seroprevalence of human herpesvirus 8 among Zambian women of childbearing age without Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and mother-child pairs with KS"
1679:"ESCRT-0 Component Hrs Promotes Macropinocytosis of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus in Human Dermal Microvascular Endothelial Cells"
976:
3 (initially designated LANA2), is expressed during latency in PEL cell lines, but is also a bona fide lytic factor, like all of the vIRFs.
671:
to reduce HIV infection. AIDS patients receiving adequate anti-HIV treatment may have up to a 90% reduction in Kaposi's sarcoma occurrence.
5981:
5859:
555:. Even within individual countries, significant variation can be observed across different regions, with infection rates of about 19.2% in
307:
5057:
2725:"Increasing Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus seroprevalence with age in a highly Kaposi's sarcoma endemic region, Zambia in 1985"
4371:
2430:
Zhang, Tiejun; Wang, Linding (2016). "Epidemiology of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated
Herpesvirus in Asia: Challenges and Opportunities".
350:, a Herpes genus remarkable since it has stolen numerous genes from host cells including, in the case of KSHV, genes that encode for
5986:
4536:
4005:
3900:
3296:"Cloning and identification of a microRNA cluster within the latency-associated region of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus"
5259:
4486:
4366:
4115:
567:
3149:"Oral ganciclovir for patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis treated with a ganciclovir implant. Roche Ganciclovir Study Group"
5581:
4661:
4446:
676:
3455:
22nd
International Workshop on Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus (KSHV) and Related Agents, 30 June – 3 July 2019, New York City, USA
5596:
4701:
4431:
4426:
2166:
Toptan, T; Abere, B; Nalesnik, MA; Swerdlow, SH; Ranganathan, S; Lee, N; Shair, KH; Moore, PS; Chang, Y (11 September 2018).
620:). However, the global distribution of different genotypes of KSHV and the potential transmission path need further studies.
205:
in short. Like other herpesviruses, its informal names are used interchangeably with its formal ICTV name. This virus causes
282:. Scientists had been searching for the agent causing KS, and over 20 agents were proposed as the possible cause, including
1951:"Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus (KSHV) Induces the Oncogenic miR-17-92 Cluster and Down-Regulates TGF-β Signaling"
5813:
4629:
4240:
4135:
4060:
3960:
3955:
3940:
3935:
3870:
3845:
2619:"Socio-economic and other correlates of Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus seroprevalence among older adults in Sicily"
253:
5879:
2822:
538:
222:
5825:
4770:
4614:
4609:
4391:
4376:
4326:
4215:
4210:
4205:
4155:
3840:
3800:
2002:"LANA binds to multiple active viral and cellular promoters and associates with the H3K4methyltransferase hSET1 complex"
980:
973:
958:
951:
947:
518:
371:
5934:
59:
5971:
5869:
5760:
5505:
5239:
4996:
4950:
4604:
4599:
4589:
4526:
4491:
4386:
3990:
3930:
3925:
3865:
3825:
3773:
3473:
829:
ORF50 – RTA, replication and transcription activator – the major transcription factor driving lytic KSHV reactivation
584:
2823:"Epidemiological characteristics of human herpesvirus-8 infection in a large population of antenatal women in Zambia"
2999:"Postnatal human herpesvirus 8 and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in mothers and infants from Zambia"
229:. Even after many years since the discovery of KSHV/HHV8, there is no known cure for KSHV associated tumorigenesis.
5559:
5249:
5244:
5187:
4579:
4574:
4441:
4406:
4401:
4280:
4245:
4130:
4125:
4000:
3950:
3915:
3890:
453:
367:
816:
protein, binds and prevents dephosphorylation of p90 ribosomal S6 kinases (RSKs) and ERK for modulate the ERK/RSK
5874:
5460:
5038:
4685:
4584:
4531:
4436:
4396:
4320:
4150:
4145:
4065:
4020:
4015:
4010:
3985:
3980:
3945:
3895:
3835:
3830:
3820:
3795:
3683:
740:
ORF18, ORF24, ORF30, ORF31, ORF34, ORF66 – viral transcription factors required for the expression of late genes
524:
214:
3190:"Therapy insight: AIDS-related malignancies – the influence of antiviral therapy on pathogenesis and management"
551:
African countries at approximately 40%. In South
America, infection rates are low in general but are high among
5680:
5566:
5152:
4734:
4624:
4619:
4594:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4451:
4381:
4314:
4270:
4265:
4235:
4140:
4110:
4105:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
3995:
3910:
3905:
2484:
Chatlynne, L. G.; Ablashi, D. V. (1999). "Seroepidemiology of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)".
419:
330:, and is a large double-stranded DNA virus with a protein covering that packages its nucleic acids, called the
3079:
Minhas, V; Crabtree, K. L.; Chao, A; m'Soka, T. J.; Kankasa, C; Bulterys, M; Mitchell, C. D.; Wood, C (2008).
2287:"Comparative Analysis of Gammaherpesvirus Circular RNA Repertoires: Conserved and Unique Viral Circular RNAs"
5830:
5500:
5162:
4751:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4285:
4275:
4185:
4180:
4175:
4120:
4070:
3693:
3688:
3648:
2565:
Fu, B; Sun, F; Li, B; Yang, L; Zeng, Y; Sun, X; Xu, F; Rayner, S; Guadalupe, M; Gao, S. J.; Wang, L (2009).
1387:"Detection of herpesvirus-like DNA sequences in Kaposi's sarcoma in patients with and without HIV infection"
712:
379:
1630:"The ephrin receptor tyrosine kinase A2 is a cellular receptor for Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus"
1571:"KSHV Entry and Trafficking in Target Cells-Hijacking of Cell Signal Pathways, Actin and Membrane Dynamics"
480:, ended up promoting the production of mature virions, "... potentially inducing KSHV lytic reactivation."
5896:
5254:
5220:
4799:
4290:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3663:
3658:
3653:
3466:
435:
387:
5049:
2336:"Lymphoid Neoplasms With Plasmablastic Differentiation: A Comprehensive Review and Diagnostic Approaches"
1892:"A Toolbox for Herpesvirus miRNA Research: Construction of a Complete Set of KSHV miRNA Deletion Mutants"
5721:
5686:
5609:
4945:
4824:
4763:
4739:
4657:
3751:
2950:"Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus/ Human herpesvirus-8 (KSHV/HHV8), and the oncogenesis of Kaposi's sarcoma"
1104:"Kaposi's Sarcoma–Associated Herpesvirus-Like DNA Sequences in AIDS-Related Body-Cavity–Based Lymphomas"
5783:
5424:
5414:
5128:
4938:
4904:
4794:
4678:
2238:
2179:
2117:"microRNA dependent and independent deregulation of long non-coding RNAs by an oncogenic herpesvirus"
1523:
1351:
1338:
Chang, Y.; Cesarman, E.; Pessin, M. S.; Lee, F.; Culpepper, J.; Knowles, D. M.; Moore, P. S. (1994).
859:
514:
278:
As early as 1984, scientists reported seeing herpesvirus-like structures in KS tumors examined under
218:
54:
2227:"Discovery of Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus-encoded circular RNAs and a human antiviral circular RNA"
1034:
5333:
5284:
4746:
4730:
4723:
3628:
3623:
3618:
3535:
1007:
668:
508:
422:
of the terminal repeats. The viral episome is chromatinized upon entry into the host cell nucleus.
299:
279:
242:
206:
2821:
Klaskala, W; Brayfield, B. P.; Kankasa, C; Bhat, G; West, J. T.; Mitchell, C. D.; Wood, C (2005).
2772:
Wawer, M. J.; Eng, S. M.; Serwadda, D; Sewankambo, N. K.; Kiwanuka, N; Li, C; Gray, R. H. (2001).
5576:
5465:
5319:
5182:
5147:
5117:
4787:
4775:
4305:
3764:
3217:
2852:
2803:
2754:
2463:
2412:
1416:
1320:
1251:
1216:
1084:
631:
Since persons infected with KSHV will asymptomatically give the virus, caution should be used by
623:
Typing of isolates is based on the variable K1 membrane protein. Six types are recognised (A–F).
410:(whose identity has yet to be confirmed). After infection, the virus enters into lymphocytes via
342:
which is approximately 165,000 nucleic acid bases in length. The viral genome consists of a ~145
144:
5864:
5455:
5948:
2567:"Seroprevalence of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus and risk factors in Xinjiang, China"
5808:
5652:
5571:
5549:
5419:
5274:
5177:
4926:
4357:
4085:
3594:
3428:
3374:
3325:
3276:
3258:
3209:
3170:
3110:
3061:
3020:
2979:
2930:
2913:"Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (human herpesvirus 8): Epidemiology and pathogenesis"
2893:
2844:
2795:
2746:
2702:
2648:
2596:
2542:
2501:
2455:
2447:
2404:
2396:
2357:
2316:
2266:
2207:
2148:
2082:
2033:
1982:
1949:
Choi, HS; Jain, V; Krueger, B; Marshall, V; Kim, CH; Shisler, JL; Whitby, D; Renne, R (2015).
1931:
1913:
1871:
1820:
1775:
1757:
1716:
1698:
1659:
1610:
1592:
1551:
1492:
1451:
1408:
1367:
1312:
1177:
1125:
1076:
779:
351:
338:, and finally enclosed in a lipid envelope derived in part from the cell membrane. KSHV has a
639:
and activities where saliva might be shared during sexual activity. Prudent advice is to use
5531:
5520:
5301:
5142:
3418:
3408:
3364:
3356:
3315:
3307:
3266:
3248:
3201:
3160:
3100:
3092:
3051:
3010:
2969:
2961:
2920:
2883:
2870:
Kourí, V; Eng, S. M.; Rodríguez, M. E.; Resik, S; Orraca, O; Moore, P. S.; Chang, Y (2004).
2834:
2785:
2736:
2692:
2682:
2638:
2630:
2586:
2578:
2532:
2493:
2439:
2388:
2376:
2347:
2306:
2298:
2256:
2246:
2197:
2187:
2138:
2128:
2072:
2064:
2023:
2013:
1972:
1962:
1921:
1903:
1861:
1851:
1810:
1802:
1765:
1747:
1706:
1690:
1649:
1641:
1600:
1582:
1541:
1531:
1482:
1443:
1398:
1359:
1304:
1241:
1208:
1167:
1159:
1115:
1068:
966:
897:(mirKs) – viral microRNAs expressed during latency to regulate proliferation and cell death
817:
744:
490:
383:
295:
257:
1806:
5712:
5387:
5308:
4882:
4166:
4096:
2872:"Seroprevalence of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus in various populations in Cuba"
1146:
Goncalves, Priscila H.; Ziegelbauer, Joseph; Uldrick, Thomas S.; Yarchoan, Robert (2017).
636:
511:– an angioproliferative tumor that can involve skin (most often), lymph nodes, or viscera,
399:
283:
852:
ORF59 – PF–8 – polymerase processivity factor, accessory subunit of viral DNA polymerase
695:
was also granted by the FDA in 2011. Pomalidomide was shown to recover the expression of
4670:
2242:
2183:
1527:
1355:
263:
5670:
5641:
5614:
5591:
5404:
5167:
5080:
4819:
4648:
3971:
3521:
3509:
3423:
3396:
3369:
3344:
3320:
3295:
3271:
3236:
3105:
3080:
2974:
2949:
2697:
2670:
2643:
2618:
2591:
2566:
2311:
2286:
2261:
2226:
2202:
2167:
2143:
2116:
2077:
2052:
2028:
2001:
1977:
1950:
1926:
1891:
1866:
1839:
1770:
1735:
1711:
1678:
1654:
1629:
1605:
1570:
1172:
884:
833:
813:
725:
335:
96:
1340:"Identification of herpesvirus-like DNA sequences in AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma"
5965:
5749:
5647:
5470:
5361:
5106:
4892:
4887:
4196:
3742:
3674:
3609:
3515:
3503:
3491:
3446:
3311:
2790:
2773:
2741:
2724:
1546:
1511:
1308:
904:
688:
656:
411:
355:
238:
132:
120:
108:
84:
3221:
2888:
2871:
2416:
1420:
1324:
1255:
1220:
1088:
5799:
5631:
5554:
5544:
5491:
5451:
5442:
5290:
5010:
4976:
4912:
4565:
4477:
4256:
3881:
3704:
3639:
3147:
Martin DF, Kuppermann BD, Wolitz RA, Palestine AG, Li H, Robinson CA (April 1999).
2856:
2807:
2758:
2467:
2102:"SARS-CoV-2 and anti-COVID-19 drugs activate Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus"
941:
793:
783:
750:
718:
692:
644:
589:
477:
347:
156:
2392:
588:
ago. Given the historical links between the
Mediterranean and Xinjiang during the
271:
41:
2352:
2335:
2133:
2018:
1967:
1752:
1163:
5928:
5788:
5015:
4921:
4897:
4547:
3568:
3458:
3360:
3165:
3148:
2925:
2912:
1447:
1403:
1386:
1270:
1120:
1103:
696:
664:
632:
528:
327:
314:
303:
188:
3343:
Golas, G.; Jang, S. J.; Naik, N. G.; Alonso, J. D.; Papp, B.; Toth, Z. (2020).
2537:
2520:
2231:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
2172:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
1516:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
5818:
5774:
5431:
5350:
5229:
5034:
4991:
4962:
4957:
4844:
4836:
4502:
4339:
3856:
3811:
1246:
1229:
660:
552:
473:
465:
440:
391:
291:
267:
5919:
3262:
3253:
3038:
He, J; Bhat, G; Kankasa, C; Chintu, C; Mitchell, C; Duan, W; Wood, C (1998).
2451:
2400:
1917:
1856:
1761:
1702:
1596:
1536:
1293:"Kaposi's sarcoma among persons with AIDS: a sexually transmitted infection?"
849:
ORF57 – MTA – regulates RNA stability, export and translation of viral genes
252:
Careful analysis of epidemiologic data by Valerie Beral, Thomas Peterman and
5739:
5702:
5586:
5172:
5096:
5029:
4758:
4718:
4417:
4226:
3786:
3550:
2687:
2251:
2192:
1487:
1470:
1363:
1001:
932:
926:
919:
916:
775:
ORF36 – vPK – viral protein kinase with multiple roles in replication cycle
684:
593:
592:
period it seems likely that this virus was introduced to Xinjiang along the
226:
3432:
3413:
3378:
3329:
3280:
3213:
3174:
3114:
3024:
2983:
2934:
2897:
2848:
2799:
2706:
2652:
2600:
2546:
2505:
2497:
2459:
2361:
2320:
2270:
2211:
2152:
2086:
2037:
1986:
1935:
1875:
1824:
1779:
1720:
1663:
1614:
1496:
1455:
1181:
1102:
Cesarman, E.; Chang, Y.; Moore, P. S.; Said, J. W.; Knowles, D. M. (1995).
1080:
527:– KSHV-associated aggressive lymphoma involving B-cells that are immature
3065:
2750:
2408:
1555:
1412:
1371:
1316:
1269:
La Ferla, L.; Pinzone, M. R.; Pellicanò, G. F.; Nunnari, G. (2016-04-01).
1129:
5913:
5409:
5380:
5375:
5370:
5234:
4867:
4811:
4782:
4710:
3096:
2302:
2068:
2000:
Hu, J; Yang, Y; Turner, PC; Jain, V; McIntyre, LM; Renne, R (July 2014).
1694:
1512:"Nucleotide sequence of the Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (HHV8)"
909:
799:
663:
may be used, particularly for invasive disease. Antiviral drugs, such as
556:
469:
407:
343:
1815:
5755:
5726:
5495:
5475:
5296:
5209:
5199:
4849:
3920:
3205:
2723:
Olsen, S. J.; Chang, Y; Moore, P. S.; Biggar, R. J.; Melbye, M (1998).
1271:"Kaposi's sarcoma in HIV-infected patients: a review of the literature"
1212:
962:
803:
445:
415:
2839:
2634:
2582:
2443:
5399:
5157:
5137:
4933:
1908:
1587:
865:
760:
640:
571:
541:– a syndrome with MCD-like symptoms but without associated pathology.
403:
363:
339:
331:
17:
5890:
3189:
2965:
2669:
Wang, H; Liu, J; Dilimulati; Li, L; Ren, Z; Wen, H; Wang, X (2011).
1645:
1292:
1196:
1148:"Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus-associated cancers and related diseases"
1147:
772:
ORF35 – unclear function, mutant does not express early viral genes
334:, which is then surrounded by an amorphous protein layer called the
3056:
3039:
3015:
2998:
2948:
Mesri, Enrique A.; Cesarman, Ethel; Boshoff, Chris (October 2010).
2115:
Sethuraman, S; Gay, LA; Jain, V; Haecker, I; Renne, R (July 2017).
1339:
1072:
5084:
4859:
990:
894:
680:
560:
375:
359:
262:
71:
604:
substitutions per site per year (95% highest probability density
5540:
5392:
871:
735:
246:
210:
5894:
5053:
4674:
3462:
4872:
1510:
Russo JJ, Bohenzky RA, Chien MC, et al. (December 1996).
888:
431:
287:
225:. It is one of seven currently known human cancer viruses, or
306:
found in a KS tumor in an AIDS patient. Chang and Moore used
1059:
Boshoff, C.; Weiss, R. (2002). "Aids-related malignancies".
836:
protein required for formation of virions and inhibition of
418:
through a poorly understood process that appears to involve
1628:
Neipel F, Fleckenstein B, Hahn A, et al. (June 2012).
823:
ORF47 – gL – envelope glycoprotein involved in viral entry
2051:
Bu W, Palmeri D, Krishnan R, et al. (November 2008).
731:
ORF10 – regulates RNA export and responses to type I IFNs
290:
itself. The pathogen was ultimately identified in 1994 by
1273:. Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine. p. 2
3452:
1291:
Beral V, Peterman TA, Berkelman RL, Jaffe HW (1990).
937:
K8 – transcriptional repressor – modulates chromatin
533:
lymphoid neoplasms with plasmablastic differentiation
5903:
5847:
5797:
5772:
5737:
5710:
5701:
5668:
5629:
5529:
5518:
5484:
5440:
5359:
5348:
5317:
5272:
5218:
5196:
5126:
5115:
5104:
5095:
4973:
4858:
4835:
4810:
4709:
4563:
4545:
4500:
4475:
4415:
4355:
4337:
4303:
4254:
4224:
4194:
4164:
4094:
4083:
3969:
3879:
3854:
3809:
3784:
3762:
3740:
3702:
3672:
3637:
3607:
3592:
3566:
3548:
3533:
1230:"Idiopathic multiple pigmented sarcoma of the skin"
2519:Mohanna, S; Maco, V; Bravo, F; Gotuzzo, E (2005).
1569:Kumar, Binod; Chandran, Bala (November 14, 2016).
1434:Antman, K.; Chang, Y. (2000). "Kaposi's Sarcoma".
826:ORF49 – may be required for viral gene expression
504:KSHV is a known causative agent of four diseases:
464:It was discovered in 2020 that infection with the
3294:Samols MA, Hu J, Skalsky RL, Renne R (Jul 2005).
3235:Broussard, Grant; Damania, Blossom (2020-02-07).
1197:"Idiopathisches multiples Pigmentsarkom der Haut"
515:HHV-8-associated multicentric Castleman's disease
398:Crucial for the entry of KSHV into cells are the
219:HHV-8-associated multicentric Castleman's disease
3188:Yarchoan, R.; Tosato, G.; Little, R. F. (2005).
1471:"Addressing Controversies Over Kaposi's Sarcoma"
531:termed plasmablasts and regarded as one type of
302:, through the isolation of DNA fragments from a
2168:"Circular DNA tumor viruses make circular RNAs"
1141:
1139:
378:), as well as DNA synthesis proteins including
3397:"Human herpesvirus 8 – A novel human pathogen"
1031:International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses
193:International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses
5855:Asymmetric periflexural exanthem of childhood
5065:
4686:
4651:species listed below parent taxon –– Source:
3474:
2100:Angela Betsaida B. Laguipo (6 October 2020).
789:ORF38 – involved in viral particle formation
766:ORF33 – involved in viral particle formation
647:with partners who may have KSHV infections.
8:
5977:Sexually transmitted diseases and infections
2525:International Journal of Infectious Diseases
1838:Purushothaman, et al. (February 2016).
3237:"KSHV: Immune Modulation and Immunotherapy"
782:activity required for genome packaging and
5891:
5707:
5658:Papular purpuric gloves and socks syndrome
5526:
5356:
5123:
5112:
5101:
5092:
5072:
5058:
5050:
4693:
4679:
4671:
4334:
4091:
3781:
3759:
3604:
3600:
3545:
3541:
3481:
3467:
3459:
2718:
2716:
2664:
2662:
2612:
2610:
2560:
2558:
2556:
2479:
2477:
497:recently discovered in both EBV and KSHV
40:
29:
3422:
3412:
3368:
3319:
3270:
3252:
3164:
3104:
3055:
3014:
2973:
2924:
2917:The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
2887:
2838:
2789:
2740:
2696:
2686:
2642:
2590:
2536:
2351:
2310:
2260:
2250:
2201:
2191:
2142:
2132:
2076:
2027:
2017:
1976:
1966:
1925:
1907:
1865:
1855:
1840:"KSHV Genome Replication and Maintenance"
1814:
1769:
1751:
1710:
1653:
1604:
1586:
1545:
1535:
1486:
1402:
1245:
1171:
1119:
596:. The mutation rate was estimated to be
1475:Journal of the National Cancer Institute
786:activity regulates host gene expression
5329:Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus
1018:
181:Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus
3447:Human Herpesvirus-8: Related Resources
1807:10.1146/annurev-virology-110615-035618
1054:
1052:
891:– non–coding linear and circular RNAs
778:ORF37 – SOX – dual function protein –
2876:Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública
7:
5860:Post-vaccination follicular eruption
1201:Archiv für Dermatologie und Syphilis
669:highly active antiretroviral therapy
308:representational difference analysis
3153:The New England Journal of Medicine
1391:The New England Journal of Medicine
1234:CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians
1027:"ICTV Master Species List 2018b.v2"
843:ORF53 – gN – envelope glycoprotein
728:required for viral DNA replication
539:KSHV inflammatory cytokine syndrome
223:KSHV inflammatory cytokine syndrome
191:; its formal name according to the
3044:The Journal of Infectious Diseases
3003:The Journal of Infectious Diseases
25:
4997:Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
3194:Nature Clinical Practice Oncology
2377:"The Enigmas of Kaposi's Sarcoma"
2334:Chen BJ, Chuang SS (March 2020).
922:– regulates antigen presentation
855:ORF67 and ORF69 – nuclear egress
209:, a cancer commonly occurring in
5875:Viral-associated trichodysplasia
5260:Modified varicella-like syndrome
5083:, symptoms and signs related to
4656:
3312:10.1128/JVI.79.14.9301-9305.2005
3085:American Journal of Epidemiology
2791:10.1097/00007435-200102000-00003
2742:10.1097/00002030-199814000-00024
1469:Boshoff C, Weiss RA (May 2000).
58:
5582:Epidermodysplasia verruciformis
5039:Non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU)
4702:Sexually transmitted infections
2889:10.1590/s1020-49892004000500006
2375:Gallo, Robert C. (1998-12-04).
1436:New England Journal of Medicine
1108:New England Journal of Medicine
708:others remain uncharacterized.
5597:Verrucae palmares et plantares
2919:. 45 Suppl T3 (90004): 15–27.
2340:Advances in Anatomic Pathology
1385:Moore PS, Chang Y (May 1995).
965:) is also generated from this
468:virus, the virus which causes
374:and Flice inhibitory protein (
1:
5814:Hand, foot, and mouth disease
5309:Cytomegalic inclusion disease
2778:Sexually Transmitted Diseases
2393:10.1126/science.282.5395.1837
2104:. News Medical Life Sciences.
900:K1 – involved in oncogenesis
679:)/programmed death-ligand 1 (
298:, a wife and husband team at
5826:Foot-and-mouth disease virus
4771:Mycoplasma hominis infection
2353:10.1097/PAP.0000000000000253
2134:10.1371/journal.ppat.1006508
2019:10.1371/journal.ppat.1004240
1968:10.1371/journal.ppat.1005255
1753:10.1371/journal.ppat.1005960
1309:10.1016/0140-6736(90)90001-L
1164:10.1097/COH.0000000000000330
952:interferon regulatory factor
568:mother-to-child transmission
519:lymphoproliferative disorder
372:interferon regulatory factor
5982:Infectious causes of cancer
5870:Eruptive pseudoangiomatosis
5761:Congenital rubella syndrome
5506:Molluscum contagiosum virus
3361:10.1016/j.virol.2019.12.011
3166:10.1056/NEJM199904083401402
2827:Journal of Medical Virology
2623:Journal of Medical Virology
2571:Journal of Medical Virology
2432:Journal of Medical Virology
1448:10.1056/NEJM200004063421407
1404:10.1056/NEJM199505043321801
1121:10.1056/NEJM199505043321802
585:most recent common ancestor
187:) is the ninth known human
6003:
5250:Disseminated herpes zoster
5188:Herpetic gingivostomatitis
2538:10.1016/j.ijid.2005.02.004
2486:Seminars in Cancer Biology
559:compared to about 9.5% in
368:G protein-coupled receptor
5605:
5461:Bovine papular stomatitis
5091:
4646:
3603:
3544:
3499:
2926:10.1093/jac/45.suppl_4.15
1844:Frontiers in Microbiology
1795:Annual Review of Virology
1247:10.3322/canjclin.32.6.342
769:ORF34 – unclear function
759:ORF25, ORF26 and ORF65 –
525:Primary effusion lymphoma
215:primary effusion lymphoma
53:
48:
39:
32:
5987:IARC Group 1 carcinogens
5935:Human gammaherpesvirus 8
5880:Gianotti–Crosti syndrome
5681:Merkel cell polyomavirus
5567:Laryngeal papillomatosis
5153:Herpes simplex keratitis
4735:lymphogranuloma venereum
3254:10.3389/fimmu.2019.03084
3200:(8): 406–415, quiz 415.
1857:10.3389/fmicb.2016.00054
1537:10.1073/pnas.93.25.14862
1299:(Submitted manuscript).
846:ORF55 – uncharacterized
809:ORF42 – uncharacterized
756:ORF23 – uncharacterized
753:involved in viral entry
721:involved in viral entry
501:or, very rarely, aging.
420:homologous recombination
198:Human gammaherpesvirus 8
171:Human gammaherpesvirus 8
34:Human gammaherpesvirus 8
5831:Boston exanthem disease
5501:Yaba monkey tumor virus
5183:Herpetiform esophagitis
5163:Neonatal herpes simplex
4752:Klebsiella granulomatis
3241:Frontiers in Immunology
2688:10.1186/1743-422X-8-539
2252:10.1073/pnas.1816183115
2193:10.1073/pnas.1811728115
1364:10.1126/science.7997879
713:dihydrofolate reductase
380:dihydrofolate reductase
5255:Zoster-associated pain
4800:Ureaplasma urealyticum
3414:10.1186/1743-422X-2-78
2954:Nature Reviews. Cancer
2911:Schulz, T. F. (2000).
2498:10.1006/scbi.1998.0089
792:ORF39 – gM – envelope
749:ORF22 – gH – envelope
643:when needed and avoid
436:retinoblastoma protein
388:thymidylate synthetase
313:The discovery of this
275:
5687:Merkel cell carcinoma
5610:Bovine papillomavirus
4946:Molluscum contagiosum
4825:Trichomonas vaginalis
4764:Neisseria gonorrhoeae
4740:Chlamydia trachomatis
1488:10.1093/jnci/92.9.677
1061:Nature Reviews Cancer
717:ORF8 – gB – envelope
266:
213:patients, as well as
5784:Alphavirus infection
5648:Erythema infectiosum
5425:Progressive vaccinia
5415:Generalized vaccinia
5240:Herpes zoster oticus
4906:Human papillomavirus
4795:Ureaplasma infection
3453:KSHV Annual Workshop
2303:10.1128/JVI.01952-18
2069:10.1128/JVI.01012-08
1695:10.1128/JVI.02704-15
961:4. A circular RNA (
860:thymidylate synthase
454:rolling circle model
448:marks in chromatin.
55:Virus classification
5905:Human herpesvirus 8
5285:Human herpesvirus 6
4724:Haemophilus ducreyi
3536:Malacoherpesviridae
3395:Edelman DC (2005).
3300:Journal of Virology
2387:(5395): 1837–1839.
2291:Journal of Virology
2243:2018PNAS..11512805T
2237:(50): 12805–12810.
2184:2018PNAS..115E8737T
2178:(37): E8737–E8745.
2057:Journal of Virology
1683:Journal of Virology
1528:1996PNAS...9314862R
1356:1994Sci...266.1865C
1350:(5192): 1865–1869.
300:Columbia University
280:electron microscopy
270:of Kaposi sarcoma.
5972:Gammaherpesvirinae
5763:("German measles")
5577:Bowenoid papulosis
5148:Herpes gladiatorum
4788:Treponema pallidum
4776:Mycoplasma hominis
3206:10.1038/ncponc0253
3097:10.1093/aje/kwn125
1228:Kaposi, M (2008).
1213:10.1007/BF01830024
1195:Kaposi, M (1872).
1152:Curr Opin HIV AIDS
820:signaling pathway
806:– DNA replication
798:ORF40 and ORF41 –
354:-binding protein,
276:
146:Orthoherpesviridae
5959:
5958:
5897:Taxon identifiers
5888:
5887:
5843:
5842:
5839:
5838:
5809:Coxsackie A virus
5789:Chikungunya fever
5697:
5696:
5653:Reticulocytopenia
5625:
5624:
5514:
5513:
5420:Eczema vaccinatum
5344:
5343:
5297:Exanthema subitum
5268:
5267:
5245:Ophthalmic zoster
5210:B virus infection
5178:Eczema herpeticum
5047:
5046:
4939:HSV-1 & HSV-2
4927:Hepatitis B virus
4668:
4667:
4642:
4641:
4638:
4637:
4358:Lymphocryptovirus
4331:
4330:
4299:
4298:
4079:
4078:
3778:
3777:
3756:
3755:
3736:
3735:
3732:
3731:
3595:Alloherpesviridae
3588:
3587:
3584:
3583:
3501:Higher taxonomy:
2840:10.1002/jmv.20242
2635:10.1002/jmv.21589
2583:10.1002/jmv.21550
2444:10.1002/jmv.24662
1442:(14): 1027–1038.
1114:(18): 1186–1191.
1037:on March 30, 2019
832:ORF52 – KicGAS –
491:immunocompromised
460:COVID-19 and KSHV
178:
177:
49:Kaposi's sarcoma
16:(Redirected from
5994:
5952:
5951:
5939:
5938:
5937:
5924:
5923:
5922:
5892:
5708:
5534:
5527:
5521:Papillomaviridae
5357:
5334:Kaposi's sarcoma
5302:Roseola vaccinia
5223:
5203:
5158:Herpetic sycosis
5143:Herpetic whitlow
5131:
5124:
5113:
5102:
5093:
5074:
5067:
5060:
5051:
5026:
5007:
4988:
4695:
4688:
4681:
4672:
4660:
4335:
4329:
4323:
4317:
4312:
4311:
4092:
3782:
3776:
3771:
3770:
3760:
3754:
3749:
3748:
3605:
3601:
3546:
3542:
3489:Taxonomy of the
3483:
3476:
3469:
3460:
3436:
3426:
3416:
3401:Virology Journal
3383:
3382:
3372:
3340:
3334:
3333:
3323:
3291:
3285:
3284:
3274:
3256:
3232:
3226:
3225:
3185:
3179:
3178:
3168:
3144:
3138:
3134:
3128:
3125:
3119:
3118:
3108:
3076:
3070:
3069:
3059:
3035:
3029:
3028:
3018:
2994:
2988:
2987:
2977:
2945:
2939:
2938:
2928:
2908:
2902:
2901:
2891:
2867:
2861:
2860:
2842:
2818:
2812:
2811:
2793:
2769:
2763:
2762:
2744:
2720:
2711:
2710:
2700:
2690:
2675:Virology Journal
2666:
2657:
2656:
2646:
2614:
2605:
2604:
2594:
2562:
2551:
2550:
2540:
2516:
2510:
2509:
2481:
2472:
2471:
2427:
2421:
2420:
2372:
2366:
2365:
2355:
2331:
2325:
2324:
2314:
2281:
2275:
2274:
2264:
2254:
2222:
2216:
2215:
2205:
2195:
2163:
2157:
2156:
2146:
2136:
2112:
2106:
2105:
2097:
2091:
2090:
2080:
2063:(21): 10709–23.
2048:
2042:
2041:
2031:
2021:
1997:
1991:
1990:
1980:
1970:
1961:(11): e1005255.
1946:
1940:
1939:
1929:
1911:
1909:10.3390/v8020054
1886:
1880:
1879:
1869:
1859:
1835:
1829:
1828:
1818:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1773:
1755:
1746:(10): e1005960.
1731:
1725:
1724:
1714:
1689:(8): 3860–3872.
1674:
1668:
1667:
1657:
1625:
1619:
1618:
1608:
1590:
1588:10.3390/v8110305
1566:
1560:
1559:
1549:
1539:
1507:
1501:
1500:
1490:
1466:
1460:
1459:
1431:
1425:
1424:
1406:
1382:
1376:
1375:
1335:
1329:
1328:
1288:
1282:
1281:
1279:
1278:
1266:
1260:
1259:
1249:
1224:
1192:
1186:
1185:
1175:
1143:
1134:
1133:
1123:
1099:
1093:
1092:
1056:
1047:
1046:
1044:
1042:
1033:. Archived from
1023:
1008:Smoker's paradox
940:K8.1 – envelope
912:
745:thymidine kinase
619:
617:
611:
609:
603:
601:
575:marital status.
570:by saliva. In a
509:Kaposi's sarcoma
384:thymidine kinase
296:Patrick S. Moore
258:immunosuppressed
243:Kaposi's sarcoma
207:Kaposi's sarcoma
63:
62:
44:
30:
27:Species of virus
21:
6002:
6001:
5997:
5996:
5995:
5993:
5992:
5991:
5962:
5961:
5960:
5955:
5947:
5942:
5933:
5932:
5927:
5918:
5917:
5912:
5899:
5889:
5884:
5865:Lipschütz ulcer
5835:
5793:
5768:
5733:
5713:Paramyxoviridae
5693:
5664:
5621:
5601:
5530:
5510:
5480:
5456:Milker's nodule
5436:
5388:Monkeypox virus
5340:
5313:
5264:
5219:
5214:
5197:
5192:
5127:
5087:
5081:Skin infections
5078:
5048:
5043:
5022:
5003:
4984:
4975:
4969:
4913:Genital warts (
4854:
4831:
4806:
4705:
4699:
4669:
4664:
4634:
4559:
4541:
4496:
4471:
4411:
4351:
4325:
4324:
4319:
4318:
4313:
4310:
4309:
4295:
4250:
4220:
4190:
4167:Muromegalovirus
4160:
4097:Cytomegalovirus
4075:
3965:
3875:
3850:
3805:
3772:
3769:
3768:
3750:
3747:
3746:
3728:
3698:
3668:
3633:
3580:
3562:
3529:
3495:
3487:
3443:
3394:
3391:
3389:Further reading
3386:
3342:
3341:
3337:
3293:
3292:
3288:
3234:
3233:
3229:
3187:
3186:
3182:
3159:(14): 1063–70.
3146:
3145:
3141:
3135:
3131:
3126:
3122:
3078:
3077:
3073:
3037:
3036:
3032:
2996:
2995:
2991:
2966:10.1038/nrc2888
2947:
2946:
2942:
2910:
2909:
2905:
2869:
2868:
2864:
2820:
2819:
2815:
2771:
2770:
2766:
2722:
2721:
2714:
2668:
2667:
2660:
2629:(11): 1938–44.
2616:
2615:
2608:
2564:
2563:
2554:
2518:
2517:
2513:
2483:
2482:
2475:
2429:
2428:
2424:
2374:
2373:
2369:
2333:
2332:
2328:
2283:
2282:
2278:
2224:
2223:
2219:
2165:
2164:
2160:
2127:(7): e1006508.
2114:
2113:
2109:
2099:
2098:
2094:
2050:
2049:
2045:
2012:(7): e1004240.
1999:
1998:
1994:
1948:
1947:
1943:
1888:
1887:
1883:
1837:
1836:
1832:
1792:
1791:
1787:
1733:
1732:
1728:
1676:
1675:
1671:
1646:10.1038/nm.2805
1634:Nature Medicine
1627:
1626:
1622:
1568:
1567:
1563:
1522:(25): 14862–7.
1509:
1508:
1504:
1468:
1467:
1463:
1433:
1432:
1428:
1384:
1383:
1379:
1337:
1336:
1332:
1303:(8682): 123–8.
1290:
1289:
1285:
1276:
1274:
1268:
1267:
1263:
1227:
1225:
1194:
1193:
1189:
1145:
1144:
1137:
1101:
1100:
1096:
1058:
1057:
1050:
1040:
1038:
1025:
1024:
1020:
1016:
998:
931:K4.1 – vCCL3 –
908:
880:ORF75 – FGARAT
705:
653:
637:unprotected sex
629:
615:
613:
607:
605:
599:
597:
581:
548:
486:
484:Pathophysiology
462:
400:EPH receptor A2
324:
284:cytomegalovirus
235:
174:
57:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6000:
5998:
5990:
5989:
5984:
5979:
5974:
5964:
5963:
5957:
5956:
5954:
5953:
5940:
5925:
5909:
5907:
5901:
5900:
5895:
5886:
5885:
5883:
5882:
5877:
5872:
5867:
5862:
5857:
5851:
5849:
5845:
5844:
5841:
5840:
5837:
5836:
5834:
5833:
5828:
5823:
5822:
5821:
5816:
5805:
5803:
5800:Picornaviridae
5795:
5794:
5792:
5791:
5786:
5780:
5778:
5770:
5769:
5767:
5766:
5765:
5764:
5758:
5745:
5743:
5735:
5734:
5732:
5731:
5730:
5729:
5718:
5716:
5705:
5699:
5698:
5695:
5694:
5692:
5691:
5690:
5689:
5676:
5674:
5671:Polyomaviridae
5666:
5665:
5663:
5662:
5661:
5660:
5655:
5650:
5642:Parvovirus B19
5637:
5635:
5627:
5626:
5623:
5622:
5620:
5619:
5618:
5617:
5615:Equine sarcoid
5606:
5603:
5602:
5600:
5599:
5594:
5592:Pigmented wart
5589:
5584:
5579:
5574:
5572:Butcher's wart
5569:
5564:
5563:
5562:
5552:
5550:Heck's disease
5547:
5537:
5535:
5524:
5516:
5515:
5512:
5511:
5509:
5508:
5503:
5498:
5488:
5486:
5482:
5481:
5479:
5478:
5473:
5468:
5463:
5458:
5448:
5446:
5438:
5437:
5435:
5434:
5429:
5428:
5427:
5422:
5417:
5412:
5405:Vaccinia virus
5402:
5397:
5396:
5395:
5385:
5384:
5383:
5378:
5367:
5365:
5354:
5346:
5345:
5342:
5341:
5339:
5338:
5337:
5336:
5325:
5323:
5315:
5314:
5312:
5311:
5306:
5305:
5304:
5299:
5280:
5278:
5270:
5269:
5266:
5265:
5263:
5262:
5257:
5252:
5247:
5242:
5237:
5232:
5226:
5224:
5216:
5215:
5213:
5212:
5206:
5204:
5194:
5193:
5191:
5190:
5185:
5180:
5175:
5170:
5168:Genital herpes
5165:
5160:
5155:
5150:
5145:
5140:
5138:Herpes simplex
5134:
5132:
5121:
5110:
5099:
5089:
5088:
5079:
5077:
5076:
5069:
5062:
5054:
5045:
5044:
5042:
5041:
5032:
5027:
5019:
5018:
5013:
5008:
5000:
4999:
4994:
4989:
4981:
4979:
4971:
4970:
4968:
4967:
4955:
4943:
4942:
4941:
4934:Herpes simplex
4931:
4919:
4910:
4902:
4901:
4900:
4895:
4890:
4885:
4877:
4864:
4862:
4856:
4855:
4853:
4852:
4847:
4841:
4839:
4833:
4832:
4830:
4829:
4820:Trichomoniasis
4816:
4814:
4808:
4807:
4805:
4804:
4792:
4780:
4768:
4756:
4744:
4728:
4715:
4713:
4707:
4706:
4700:
4698:
4697:
4690:
4683:
4675:
4666:
4665:
4647:
4644:
4643:
4640:
4639:
4636:
4635:
4633:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4617:
4612:
4607:
4602:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4577:
4571:
4569:
4561:
4560:
4558:
4557:
4553:
4551:
4543:
4542:
4540:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4508:
4506:
4498:
4497:
4495:
4494:
4489:
4483:
4481:
4473:
4472:
4470:
4469:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4423:
4421:
4413:
4412:
4410:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4369:
4363:
4361:
4353:
4352:
4350:
4349:
4345:
4343:
4332:
4301:
4300:
4297:
4296:
4294:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4262:
4260:
4252:
4251:
4249:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4232:
4230:
4222:
4221:
4219:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4202:
4200:
4192:
4191:
4189:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4172:
4170:
4162:
4161:
4159:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4128:
4123:
4118:
4113:
4108:
4102:
4100:
4089:
4081:
4080:
4077:
4076:
4074:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4053:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3977:
3975:
3972:Varicellovirus
3967:
3966:
3964:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3943:
3938:
3933:
3928:
3923:
3918:
3913:
3908:
3903:
3898:
3893:
3887:
3885:
3877:
3876:
3874:
3873:
3868:
3862:
3860:
3852:
3851:
3849:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3828:
3823:
3817:
3815:
3807:
3806:
3804:
3803:
3798:
3792:
3790:
3779:
3757:
3738:
3737:
3734:
3733:
3730:
3729:
3727:
3726:
3721:
3716:
3710:
3708:
3700:
3699:
3697:
3696:
3691:
3686:
3680:
3678:
3670:
3669:
3667:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3651:
3645:
3643:
3635:
3634:
3632:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3615:
3613:
3598:
3590:
3589:
3586:
3585:
3582:
3581:
3579:
3578:
3574:
3572:
3564:
3563:
3561:
3560:
3556:
3554:
3539:
3531:
3530:
3522:Herviviricetes
3510:Heunggongvirae
3500:
3497:
3496:
3488:
3486:
3485:
3478:
3471:
3463:
3457:
3456:
3450:
3442:
3441:External links
3439:
3438:
3437:
3390:
3387:
3385:
3384:
3335:
3306:(14): 9301–5.
3286:
3227:
3180:
3139:
3129:
3120:
3071:
3057:10.1086/314512
3050:(6): 1787–90.
3030:
3016:10.1086/367985
2989:
2960:(10): 707–19.
2940:
2903:
2862:
2813:
2764:
2735:(14): 1921–5.
2712:
2658:
2606:
2577:(8): 1422–31.
2552:
2511:
2473:
2438:(4): 563–570.
2422:
2367:
2326:
2276:
2217:
2158:
2121:PLOS Pathogens
2107:
2092:
2043:
2006:PLOS Pathogens
1992:
1955:PLOS Pathogens
1941:
1881:
1830:
1801:(1): 215–236.
1785:
1740:PLOS Pathogens
1726:
1669:
1640:(6): 961–968.
1620:
1561:
1502:
1481:(9): 677–679.
1461:
1426:
1397:(18): 1181–5.
1377:
1330:
1283:
1261:
1240:(6): 342–347.
1226:Translated in
1207:(2): 265–273.
1187:
1135:
1094:
1073:10.1038/nrc797
1067:(5): 373–382.
1048:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1010:
1005:
1004:(cancer virus)
997:
994:
986:K12 – kaposin
885:polyadenylated
877:ORF74 – vGPCR
743:ORF21 – vTK –
726:DNA polymerase
724:ORF9 – Pol8 –
704:
701:
657:anthracyclines
652:
649:
628:
625:
580:
577:
547:
544:
543:
542:
536:
522:
512:
485:
482:
461:
458:
412:macropinosomes
323:
320:
260:, as in AIDS.
234:
231:
176:
175:
168:
166:
162:
161:
154:
150:
149:
142:
138:
137:
130:
126:
125:
122:Herviviricetes
118:
114:
113:
106:
102:
101:
98:Heunggongvirae
94:
90:
89:
82:
75:
74:
69:
65:
64:
51:
50:
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5999:
5988:
5985:
5983:
5980:
5978:
5975:
5973:
5970:
5969:
5967:
5950:
5945:
5941:
5936:
5930:
5926:
5921:
5915:
5911:
5910:
5908:
5906:
5902:
5898:
5893:
5881:
5878:
5876:
5873:
5871:
5868:
5866:
5863:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5853:
5852:
5850:
5846:
5832:
5829:
5827:
5824:
5820:
5817:
5815:
5812:
5811:
5810:
5807:
5806:
5804:
5802:
5801:
5796:
5790:
5787:
5785:
5782:
5781:
5779:
5777:
5776:
5771:
5762:
5759:
5757:
5754:
5753:
5752:
5751:
5750:Rubella virus
5747:
5746:
5744:
5742:
5741:
5740:Matonaviridae
5736:
5728:
5725:
5724:
5723:
5720:
5719:
5717:
5715:
5714:
5709:
5706:
5704:
5700:
5688:
5685:
5684:
5683:
5682:
5678:
5677:
5675:
5673:
5672:
5667:
5659:
5656:
5654:
5651:
5649:
5646:
5645:
5644:
5643:
5639:
5638:
5636:
5634:
5633:
5628:
5616:
5613:
5612:
5611:
5608:
5607:
5604:
5598:
5595:
5593:
5590:
5588:
5587:Verruca plana
5585:
5583:
5580:
5578:
5575:
5573:
5570:
5568:
5565:
5561:
5558:
5557:
5556:
5553:
5551:
5548:
5546:
5542:
5539:
5538:
5536:
5533:
5528:
5525:
5523:
5522:
5517:
5507:
5504:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5493:
5490:
5489:
5487:
5483:
5477:
5474:
5472:
5469:
5467:
5464:
5462:
5459:
5457:
5453:
5450:
5449:
5447:
5445:
5444:
5439:
5433:
5430:
5426:
5423:
5421:
5418:
5416:
5413:
5411:
5408:
5407:
5406:
5403:
5401:
5398:
5394:
5391:
5390:
5389:
5386:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5374:
5373:
5372:
5369:
5368:
5366:
5364:
5363:
5358:
5355:
5353:
5352:
5347:
5335:
5332:
5331:
5330:
5327:
5326:
5324:
5322:
5321:
5316:
5310:
5307:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5294:
5293:
5292:
5287:
5286:
5282:
5281:
5279:
5277:
5276:
5271:
5261:
5258:
5256:
5253:
5251:
5248:
5246:
5243:
5241:
5238:
5236:
5235:Herpes zoster
5233:
5231:
5228:
5227:
5225:
5222:
5217:
5211:
5208:
5207:
5205:
5202:
5201:
5195:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5135:
5133:
5130:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5119:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5108:
5107:Herpesviridae
5103:
5100:
5098:
5094:
5090:
5086:
5082:
5075:
5070:
5068:
5063:
5061:
5056:
5055:
5052:
5040:
5036:
5033:
5031:
5028:
5025:
5021:
5020:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5006:
5002:
5001:
4998:
4995:
4993:
4990:
4987:
4983:
4982:
4980:
4978:
4972:
4965:
4964:
4959:
4956:
4953:
4952:
4947:
4944:
4940:
4937:
4936:
4935:
4932:
4929:
4928:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4916:
4911:
4909:
4907:
4903:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4874:
4869:
4866:
4865:
4863:
4861:
4857:
4851:
4848:
4846:
4843:
4842:
4840:
4838:
4834:
4827:
4826:
4821:
4818:
4817:
4815:
4813:
4809:
4802:
4801:
4796:
4793:
4790:
4789:
4784:
4781:
4778:
4777:
4772:
4769:
4766:
4765:
4760:
4757:
4754:
4753:
4748:
4745:
4742:
4741:
4736:
4732:
4729:
4726:
4725:
4720:
4717:
4716:
4714:
4712:
4708:
4703:
4696:
4691:
4689:
4684:
4682:
4677:
4676:
4673:
4663:
4659:
4654:
4650:
4645:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4603:
4601:
4598:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4576:
4573:
4572:
4570:
4568:
4567:
4562:
4555:
4554:
4552:
4550:
4549:
4544:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4509:
4507:
4505:
4504:
4499:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4484:
4482:
4480:
4479:
4474:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4424:
4422:
4420:
4419:
4414:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4365:
4364:
4362:
4360:
4359:
4354:
4347:
4346:
4344:
4342:
4341:
4336:
4333:
4328:
4322:
4316:
4308:
4307:
4302:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4263:
4261:
4259:
4258:
4253:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4233:
4231:
4229:
4228:
4223:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4203:
4201:
4199:
4198:
4197:Proboscivirus
4193:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4173:
4171:
4169:
4168:
4163:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4122:
4119:
4117:
4114:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4103:
4101:
4099:
4098:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4087:
4082:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4047:
4044:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3978:
3976:
3974:
3973:
3968:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3952:
3949:
3947:
3944:
3942:
3939:
3937:
3934:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3922:
3919:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3907:
3904:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3892:
3889:
3888:
3886:
3884:
3883:
3878:
3872:
3869:
3867:
3864:
3863:
3861:
3859:
3858:
3853:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3818:
3816:
3814:
3813:
3808:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3794:
3793:
3791:
3789:
3788:
3783:
3780:
3775:
3767:
3766:
3761:
3758:
3753:
3745:
3744:
3743:Herpesviridae
3739:
3725:
3722:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3711:
3709:
3707:
3706:
3701:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3682:
3681:
3679:
3677:
3676:
3675:Ictalurivirus
3671:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3646:
3644:
3642:
3641:
3636:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3616:
3614:
3612:
3611:
3610:Batrachovirus
3606:
3602:
3599:
3597:
3596:
3591:
3576:
3575:
3573:
3571:
3570:
3565:
3558:
3557:
3555:
3553:
3552:
3547:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3537:
3532:
3528:
3527:Herpesvirales
3524:
3523:
3518:
3517:
3516:Peploviricota
3512:
3511:
3506:
3505:
3504:Duplodnaviria
3498:
3494:
3493:
3492:Herpesvirales
3484:
3479:
3477:
3472:
3470:
3465:
3464:
3461:
3454:
3451:
3448:
3445:
3444:
3440:
3434:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3406:
3402:
3398:
3393:
3392:
3388:
3380:
3376:
3371:
3366:
3362:
3358:
3354:
3350:
3346:
3339:
3336:
3331:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3313:
3309:
3305:
3301:
3297:
3290:
3287:
3282:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3264:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3246:
3242:
3238:
3231:
3228:
3223:
3219:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3203:
3199:
3195:
3191:
3184:
3181:
3176:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3158:
3154:
3150:
3143:
3140:
3133:
3130:
3124:
3121:
3116:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3098:
3094:
3091:(3): 311–20.
3090:
3086:
3082:
3075:
3072:
3067:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3049:
3045:
3041:
3034:
3031:
3026:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3009:(4): 559–68.
3008:
3004:
3000:
2993:
2990:
2985:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2967:
2963:
2959:
2955:
2951:
2944:
2941:
2936:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2918:
2914:
2907:
2904:
2899:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2881:
2877:
2873:
2866:
2863:
2858:
2854:
2850:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2833:(1): 93–100.
2832:
2828:
2824:
2817:
2814:
2809:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2783:
2779:
2775:
2768:
2765:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2743:
2738:
2734:
2730:
2726:
2719:
2717:
2713:
2708:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2680:
2676:
2672:
2665:
2663:
2659:
2654:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2636:
2632:
2628:
2624:
2620:
2613:
2611:
2607:
2602:
2598:
2593:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2568:
2561:
2559:
2557:
2553:
2548:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2531:(5): 239–50.
2530:
2526:
2522:
2515:
2512:
2507:
2503:
2499:
2495:
2492:(3): 175–85.
2491:
2487:
2480:
2478:
2474:
2469:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2453:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2437:
2433:
2426:
2423:
2418:
2414:
2410:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2394:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2371:
2368:
2363:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2345:
2341:
2337:
2330:
2327:
2322:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2280:
2277:
2272:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2244:
2240:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2221:
2218:
2213:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2162:
2159:
2154:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2126:
2122:
2118:
2111:
2108:
2103:
2096:
2093:
2088:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2062:
2058:
2054:
2047:
2044:
2039:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2011:
2007:
2003:
1996:
1993:
1988:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1945:
1942:
1937:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1919:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1885:
1882:
1877:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1834:
1831:
1826:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1808:
1804:
1800:
1796:
1789:
1786:
1781:
1777:
1772:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1730:
1727:
1722:
1718:
1713:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1696:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1673:
1670:
1665:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1624:
1621:
1616:
1612:
1607:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1565:
1562:
1557:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1506:
1503:
1498:
1494:
1489:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1465:
1462:
1457:
1453:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1430:
1427:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1410:
1405:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1381:
1378:
1373:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1349:
1345:
1341:
1334:
1331:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1294:
1287:
1284:
1272:
1265:
1262:
1257:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1191:
1188:
1183:
1179:
1174:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1142:
1140:
1136:
1131:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1098:
1095:
1090:
1086:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1055:
1053:
1049:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1022:
1019:
1013:
1009:
1006:
1003:
1000:
999:
995:
993:
992:
987:
984:
982:
977:
975:
970:
968:
964:
960:
955:
953:
949:
944:
943:
938:
935:
934:
929:
928:
925:K4 – vCCL2 –
923:
921:
918:
913:
911:
906:
905:Interleukin 6
901:
898:
896:
892:
890:
886:
881:
878:
875:
873:
868:
867:
862:
861:
856:
853:
850:
847:
844:
841:
839:
835:
830:
827:
824:
821:
819:
815:
810:
807:
805:
801:
796:
795:
790:
787:
785:
781:
776:
773:
770:
767:
764:
762:
757:
754:
752:
747:
746:
741:
738:
737:
732:
729:
727:
722:
720:
715:
714:
709:
702:
700:
698:
694:
690:
689:pembrolizumab
686:
682:
678:
672:
670:
666:
662:
658:
650:
648:
646:
642:
638:
634:
626:
624:
621:
595:
591:
586:
578:
576:
573:
569:
564:
562:
558:
554:
545:
540:
537:
534:
530:
526:
523:
520:
516:
513:
510:
507:
506:
505:
502:
498:
494:
492:
483:
481:
479:
475:
471:
467:
459:
457:
455:
449:
447:
442:
437:
433:
427:
423:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
396:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
321:
319:
316:
311:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
273:
272:H&E stain
269:
265:
261:
259:
255:
250:
248:
244:
240:
239:Moritz Kaposi
232:
230:
228:
224:
220:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
199:
194:
190:
186:
182:
173:
172:
167:
164:
163:
160:
159:
155:
152:
151:
148:
147:
143:
140:
139:
136:
135:
134:Herpesvirales
131:
128:
127:
124:
123:
119:
116:
115:
112:
111:
110:Peploviricota
107:
104:
103:
100:
99:
95:
92:
91:
88:
87:
86:Duplodnaviria
83:
80:
77:
76:
73:
70:
67:
66:
61:
56:
52:
47:
43:
38:
35:
31:
19:
5904:
5798:
5773:
5748:
5738:
5711:
5679:
5669:
5640:
5632:Parvoviridae
5630:
5555:Genital wart
5545:plantar wart
5519:
5492:Yatapoxvirus
5466:Pseudocowpox
5452:Farmyard pox
5441:
5360:
5349:
5328:
5318:
5291:Roseolovirus
5289:
5283:
5273:
5198:
5116:
5105:
5023:
5011:Epididymitis
5004:
4985:
4977:inflammation
4961:
4949:
4925:
4914:
4905:
4871:
4823:
4798:
4786:
4774:
4762:
4750:
4738:
4722:
4566:Rhadinovirus
4564:
4546:
4501:
4478:Manticavirus
4476:
4416:
4356:
4338:
4304:
4257:Roseolovirus
4255:
4225:
4195:
4165:
4095:
4084:
3970:
3882:Simplexvirus
3880:
3855:
3810:
3785:
3763:
3741:
3705:Salmonivirus
3703:
3673:
3640:Cyprinivirus
3638:
3608:
3593:
3567:
3549:
3534:
3526:
3520:
3514:
3508:
3502:
3490:
3404:
3400:
3352:
3348:
3338:
3303:
3299:
3289:
3244:
3240:
3230:
3197:
3193:
3183:
3156:
3152:
3142:
3132:
3123:
3088:
3084:
3074:
3047:
3043:
3033:
3006:
3002:
2992:
2957:
2953:
2943:
2916:
2906:
2882:(5): 320–5.
2879:
2875:
2865:
2830:
2826:
2816:
2784:(2): 77–81.
2781:
2777:
2767:
2732:
2728:
2678:
2674:
2626:
2622:
2574:
2570:
2528:
2524:
2514:
2489:
2485:
2435:
2431:
2425:
2384:
2380:
2370:
2346:(2): 61–74.
2343:
2339:
2329:
2294:
2290:
2279:
2234:
2230:
2220:
2175:
2171:
2161:
2124:
2120:
2110:
2095:
2060:
2056:
2046:
2009:
2005:
1995:
1958:
1954:
1944:
1899:
1895:
1884:
1847:
1843:
1833:
1816:11585/593080
1798:
1794:
1788:
1743:
1739:
1729:
1686:
1682:
1672:
1637:
1633:
1623:
1578:
1574:
1564:
1519:
1515:
1505:
1478:
1474:
1464:
1439:
1435:
1429:
1394:
1390:
1380:
1347:
1343:
1333:
1300:
1296:
1286:
1275:. Retrieved
1264:
1237:
1233:
1204:
1200:
1190:
1158:(1): 47–56.
1155:
1151:
1111:
1107:
1097:
1064:
1060:
1039:. Retrieved
1035:the original
1030:
1021:
988:
985:
978:
971:
956:
945:
942:glycoprotein
939:
936:
930:
924:
915:K3 and K5 –
914:
902:
899:
893:
882:
879:
876:
869:
863:
857:
854:
851:
848:
845:
842:
840:DNA sensing
831:
828:
825:
822:
811:
808:
797:
794:glycoprotein
791:
788:
777:
774:
771:
768:
765:
758:
755:
751:glycoprotein
748:
742:
739:
733:
730:
723:
719:glycoprotein
716:
710:
706:
693:Pomalidomide
673:
654:
645:deep kissing
633:sex partners
630:
622:
582:
565:
549:
546:Epidemiology
529:plasma cells
503:
499:
495:
487:
478:Azithromycin
463:
450:
428:
424:
406:, and a few
397:
348:rhadinovirus
325:
312:
277:
254:Harold Jaffe
251:
236:
202:
197:
196:
184:
180:
179:
170:
169:
158:Rhadinovirus
157:
145:
133:
121:
109:
97:
85:
78:
68:(unranked):
33:
5929:Wikispecies
5775:Togaviridae
5016:Prostatitis
4922:Hepatitis B
4873:HIV-1/HIV-2
4747:Donovanosis
4662:Wikispecies
4548:Patagivirus
3569:Ostreavirus
3355:: 160–173.
1581:(11): 305.
665:ganciclovir
553:Amerindians
328:herpesvirus
315:herpesvirus
304:herpesvirus
227:oncoviruses
189:herpesvirus
5966:Categories
5819:Herpangina
5432:Buffalopox
5351:Poxviridae
5230:Chickenpox
5035:Urethritis
4992:Cervicitis
4963:Zika virus
4958:Zika fever
4845:Crab louse
4649:Unassigned
4503:Percavirus
4340:Bossavirus
3857:Scutavirus
3812:Mardivirus
3449:HIV InSite
3137:Infect Dis
1277:2023-02-21
1014:References
920:E3 ligases
703:KSHV genes
661:paclitaxel
635:in having
627:Prevention
474:Nafamostat
466:SARS-CoV-2
441:epigenetic
392:polymerase
352:complement
326:KSHV is a
292:Yuan Chang
268:Micrograph
195:(ICTV) is
5848:Ungrouped
5703:RNA virus
5393:Monkeypox
5173:Cold sore
5097:DNA virus
5030:Proctitis
4915:condyloma
4837:Parasitic
4812:Protozoal
4759:Gonorrhea
4731:Chlamydia
4719:Chancroid
4711:Bacterial
4418:Macavirus
4227:Quwivirus
3787:Iltovirus
3551:Aurivirus
3263:1664-3224
2452:0146-6615
2401:0036-8075
1918:1999-4915
1902:(2): 54.
1762:1553-7374
1703:1098-5514
1597:1999-4915
1002:Oncovirus
972:K10.5 – v
950:1, viral
933:chemokine
927:chemokine
917:ubiquitin
907:homolog,
864:ORF72 – v
763:proteins
734:ORF16 – v
685:nivolumab
651:Treatment
594:Silk Road
579:Evolution
408:integrins
237:In 1872,
165:Species:
93:Kingdom:
5949:11460006
5914:Wikidata
5410:Vaccinia
5381:Alastrim
5376:Smallpox
4883:cervical
4783:Syphilis
4241:MschBHV1
3433:16138925
3379:32056714
3349:Virology
3330:15994824
3281:32117196
3247:: 3084.
3222:23476060
3214:16130937
3175:10194235
3115:18515794
3025:12599072
2984:20865011
2935:10855768
2898:15231079
2849:15543582
2800:11234789
2707:22168313
2653:19777527
2601:19551832
2547:16095940
2506:10343069
2460:27531516
2417:29362584
2362:31725418
2321:30567979
2271:30455306
2212:30150410
2153:28715488
2087:18715905
2038:25033463
1987:26545119
1936:26907327
1876:26870016
1825:27501260
1780:27764233
1721:26819309
1664:22635007
1615:27854239
1497:10793096
1456:10749966
1421:13465834
1325:35639169
1256:72037330
1221:31438763
1182:27662501
1089:13513517
1081:12044013
996:See also
887:nuclear
870:ORF73 –
858:ORF70 –
834:tegument
814:tegument
812:ORF45 –
800:helicase
557:Xinjiang
470:COVID-19
344:kilobase
336:tegument
322:Virology
141:Family:
105:Phylum:
5920:Q983850
5756:Rubella
5727:Measles
5496:Tanapox
5476:Sealpox
5371:Variola
5200:B virus
5085:viruses
4974:General
4879:Cancer
4850:Scabies
4527:MusHV-1
4487:PhaHV-1
4372:CeHV-14
4367:CalHV-3
3846:SpAHV-1
3714:SalHV-1
3684:AciHV-2
3649:AngHV-1
3424:1243244
3370:7024068
3321:1168752
3272:7025529
3106:2727264
3066:9815235
2975:4721662
2857:9051177
2808:7592869
2759:1734745
2751:9792393
2698:3266657
2681:: 539.
2644:2784645
2592:2755560
2468:1145299
2409:9874635
2381:Science
2312:6401440
2262:6294913
2239:Bibcode
2203:6140489
2180:Bibcode
2144:5531683
2078:2573185
2029:4102568
1978:4636184
1927:4776209
1896:Viruses
1867:4740845
1771:5072609
1712:4810545
1655:3645317
1606:5127019
1575:Viruses
1556:8962146
1524:Bibcode
1413:7700310
1372:7997879
1352:Bibcode
1344:Science
1317:1967430
1173:6311702
1130:7700311
1041:13 June
989:K13 – v
979:K11 – v
963:circRNA
957:K10 – v
804:primase
711:ORF2 –
641:condoms
572:Zambian
446:H3K4me3
416:episome
402:, Hrs,
233:History
153:Genus:
129:Order:
117:Class:
5400:Cowpox
5362:Ortho.
5320:Gamma.
5118:Alpha.
5024:either
4986:female
4893:penile
4888:vulvar
4630:SaHV-2
4620:MuHV-4
4600:McHV-5
4590:CrHV-2
4585:BoHV-4
4575:AtHV-2
4556:VeHV-3
4537:VeHV-1
4532:PhHV-3
4522:FeHV-1
4492:VoHV-1
4457:SuHV-3
4452:OvHV-2
4447:HiHV-1
4442:CpHV-2
4437:BoHV-6
4427:AlHV-1
4407:PoHV-2
4402:PaHV-1
4397:PnHV-1
4387:McHV-4
4377:GoHV-1
4348:DeHV-1
4327:SgHV-1
4321:PhHV-2
4291:SuHV-2
4286:MuHV-3
4281:McHV-9
4266:HHV-6A
4246:TuHV-1
4236:CaHV-2
4206:ElHV-1
4176:MuHV-1
4156:SaHV-4
4146:PaHV-3
4141:PnHV-2
4136:MnHV-1
4126:McHV-3
4116:CeHV-5
4111:CbHV-1
4106:AoHV-1
4071:SuHV-1
4066:PhHV-1
4061:MoHV-1
4051:FeHV-1
4011:CvHV-1
4006:CeHV-9
4001:CpHV-1
3996:CaHV-1
3991:BuHV-1
3981:BoHV-1
3961:SaHV-1
3956:PtHV-1
3951:PaHV-2
3946:PnHV-3
3936:MaHV-1
3921:McHV-1
3916:LeHV-4
3901:CeHV-2
3896:BoHV-2
3891:AtHV-1
3871:TeHV-3
3866:ChHV-5
3841:MeHV-1
3831:GaHV-2
3826:CoHV-1
3821:AnHV-1
3801:PsHV-1
3796:GaHV-1
3774:ChHV-6
3752:IgHV-2
3689:IcHV-1
3654:CyHV-1
3619:RaHV-1
3577:OsHV-1
3559:AbHV-1
3431:
3421:
3407:: 78.
3377:
3367:
3328:
3318:
3279:
3269:
3261:
3220:
3212:
3173:
3113:
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910:Q2HRC7
895:miRNAs
866:Cyclin
761:capsid
404:TSG101
390:, DNA
366:-D, a
364:cyclin
340:genome
332:capsid
5944:IRMNG
5560:giant
5485:Other
5443:Para.
5275:Beta.
4908:(HPV)
4860:Viral
4704:(STI)
4595:HHV-8
4512:EHV-2
4382:HHV-4
4315:EHV-7
4121:HHV-5
4056:HHV-3
4026:EHV-1
3906:HHV-1
3525:>
3519:>
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2464:S2CID
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1417:S2CID
1321:S2CID
1252:S2CID
1217:S2CID
1085:S2CID
967:locus
903:K2 –
883:PAN,
784:RNase
780:DNase
697:MHC-1
681:PD-L1
590:Roman
561:Hubei
360:BCL-2
203:HHV-8
201:, or
79:Realm
72:Virus
18:HHV-8
5541:Wart
5005:male
4898:anal
4868:AIDS
4653:ICTV
3429:PMID
3375:PMID
3326:PMID
3277:PMID
3259:ISSN
3210:PMID
3171:PMID
3111:PMID
3062:PMID
3021:PMID
2980:PMID
2931:PMID
2894:PMID
2845:PMID
2796:PMID
2747:PMID
2729:AIDS
2703:PMID
2649:PMID
2597:PMID
2543:PMID
2502:PMID
2456:PMID
2448:ISSN
2405:PMID
2397:ISSN
2358:PMID
2317:PMID
2267:PMID
2208:PMID
2149:PMID
2083:PMID
2034:PMID
1983:PMID
1932:PMID
1914:ISSN
1872:PMID
1821:PMID
1776:PMID
1758:ISSN
1717:PMID
1699:ISSN
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1611:PMID
1593:ISSN
1552:PMID
1493:PMID
1452:PMID
1409:PMID
1368:PMID
1313:PMID
1178:PMID
1126:PMID
1077:PMID
1043:2019
991:FLIP
872:LANA
838:cGAS
818:MAPK
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736:Bcl2
677:PD-1
614:4.71
598:3.44
583:The
517:– a
476:and
434:and
376:FLIP
356:IL-6
294:and
286:and
247:AIDS
221:and
211:AIDS
185:KSHV
5722:MeV
5532:HPV
5471:Orf
5221:VZV
5129:HSV
4951:MCV
4655:––
3419:PMC
3409:doi
3365:PMC
3357:doi
3353:541
3316:PMC
3308:doi
3267:PMC
3249:doi
3202:doi
3161:doi
3157:340
3101:PMC
3093:doi
3089:168
3052:doi
3048:178
3011:doi
3007:187
2970:PMC
2962:doi
2921:doi
2884:doi
2835:doi
2786:doi
2737:doi
2693:PMC
2683:doi
2639:PMC
2631:doi
2587:PMC
2579:doi
2533:doi
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2440:doi
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2385:282
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2198:PMC
2188:doi
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2139:PMC
2129:doi
2073:PMC
2065:doi
2024:PMC
2014:doi
1973:PMC
1963:doi
1922:PMC
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1862:PMC
1852:doi
1811:hdl
1803:doi
1766:PMC
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1707:PMC
1691:doi
1650:PMC
1642:doi
1601:PMC
1583:doi
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1532:doi
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1444:doi
1440:342
1399:doi
1395:332
1360:doi
1348:266
1305:doi
1301:335
1242:doi
1209:doi
1168:PMC
1160:doi
1116:doi
1112:332
1069:doi
981:IRF
974:IRF
959:IRF
948:IRF
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