647:
736:(17 km/h; 10 mph) in good circumstances, but only 7–8 knots (13–15 km/h; 8.1–9.2 mph) in bad weather. Also that the weight of the machinery and coal, together 1,035 tons, was not in line with the displacement allowed by the added mid-section. He also claimed that her officers did not agree with the idea that she could transport a 1,000 soldiers to the Cape. Van Kattendijke concluded that it was clear that the experiment had not been as successful as had been hoped, but applauded the daring of the designers.
33:
54:
806:
393:, were not finished. Contemporary steam vessels propelled by paddle wheels could match the speed of heavy frigates in most circumstances, but they lacked a comparable armament. Therefore, the major navies spent much money attempting to create a steam frigate. A steam frigate would be a steam vessel with an armament comparable to a heavy frigate.
789:
was with the squadron. Rowley ordered her to execute some manoeuvres and observed that she did quite well under steam, except that in a harsh wind she did not appear to get ahead. Under canvas without steam, she certainly was leewardly and did not sail well. But, altogether Rowley reported favourably
590:
and some of her sisters in 1851. The suggestion was that she was already a failure as a sailing frigate. and therefore also failed as a steam frigate. Assistant-surveyor Edye later suggested more conversions of the class to steam frigates. In a memo dated 12 June 1845 he suggested using an engine of
483:
was simple in the basics. The existing sail frigate had to be cut in two, and a 63-foot (19 m) mid-section was to be inserted to house the steam engine. However, the proposal for her reconstruction was considerably changed, and so the weight of everything loaded on board was increased by 143.5
622:
to the wharf of Messrs. Seaward and Co. The machines had been ordered on 27 April 1842, and were ready to be placed on board on 1 March 1843. The installation of the engines was started in the second week of April and finished on 21 June 1843.
523:, rigging and sails was 85 tons as a sailing frigate, and only 25 tons as a steam frigate. She carried "nearly as much sail as when she was a sailing frigate," so less than she would have as a sail-only frigate.
613:
was first launched on 13 October 1829. She then lay in ordinary till the plan to convert her to a steam frigate came up. The orders to do so were given on 26 March 1842, and were executed in a dry dock at
372:
as one of the many sail frigates that
England built to a French model. She was then changed to a unique steam paddle frigate. For some time she was a very famous ship, having a claim to being the first
591:
only 500 hp with 400 tons of coal. It would put a new frigate 14 inches (360 mm) higher in the water, and raise the ports to 6 feet (1.8 m). It might have solved the shortcomings of
500:
combined. They were supplied by Messrs. Seaward & Co. of
Limehouse. The paddle wheels had a diameter of 30 feet (9.1 m). The weight of this machinery was 530 tons. The fuel of 500 tons of
1311:
797:
s qualities. After arriving in Cork in mid-October
Captain Jones reported very favourably about the ship, and stressed that she was much better than the other war steamers.
646:
445:. In 1815 six were ordered to "a modified design that incorporated Sir Robert Seppings's circular stern and "small-timber" form of construction," hence the name "improved
472:
was then stopped. In 1838 the assistant-surveyor of the navy, John Edye, submitted a plan to convert these frigates into war-steamers. After much discussion,
59:
449:
class." In 1817 another 22 of these were ordered, but two of these were cancelled and three later re-ordered to a different design. Those that were
563:
as a steam frigate carried a smaller total weight of guns, powder and shot than as a far smaller sailing frigate (132 tons versus 144 tons).
1306:
575:
389:
was one of the last of these. When it became clear that they could not stand up to more modern heavy frigates, some of them, including
1288:
618:. She was docked on 11 June 1842. After the alterations had been made she was undocked on 1 April 1843. She was then towed up the
602:
to screw propulsion. "The
Admiralty decided that converting frigates to screw propulsion was more effective and probably easier."
586:, for she was always under water, and only came up once every hour to breathe." There was even harsher criticism of the original
431:
1258:
761:
717:
666:
461:
158:
243:
147:
468:
s could not match foreign frigates that had increased their armament. Construction of the rest of the class including
543:
class. That is a traditional armament of 18-pounder (8.2 kg) guns on the main deck, and 32-pounder (15 kg)
1247:
450:
828:
of the newly promoted
Commodore Jones when he commanded a British squadron tasked with enforcing the ban on the
527:
had an apparatus to disconnect her engines, so she was not hindered too much by the paddle-wheels when sailing.
385:
In the first decades of the nineteenth century the United
Kingdom built many comparatively light sail frigates.
32:
424:
377:. In the end the promise that she would be the first of a line of true steam paddle frigates proved false.
678:
765:
829:
779:
772:
1316:
556:
505:
1208:
Berigt wegens de verandering van het
Britsche fregat van 46 stukken, Penelope, in een stoomfregat
682:
630:
596:
414:
111:
1284:
1252:
712:, Victoria visited Antwerp, where she embarked on her yacht and left on 20 September. While
615:
484:
tons. The total cost of the conversion came to £59,489, of which £34,042 for the machinery.
185:
496:
received the most powerful machinery yet seen. There were two direct acting engines of 650
864:
805:
674:
520:
863:
Jones contracted a fatal disease during his time off the coast of Africa, and died at
1300:
662:
397:
was one of the (failed) attempts to create such a ship with paddle wheel propulsion.
374:
619:
555:. By the time of her conversion to a steam frigate guns had generally increased in
20:
441:
should have 80 frigates, and that they should be of the class and on the lines on
1278:
1268:
1237:
1227:
1217:
1206:
1196:
1185:
1174:
757:
733:
548:
454:
369:
207:
693:
552:
519:
retained full sail plan as a steam frigate. Nevertheless, the total weight of
497:
438:
216:
756:
until 28 September. On 29 September she arrived in
Plymouth and proceeded to
934:
932:
720:, an ADC to the director of the Dutch navy. He spoke to several officers of
544:
211:
825:
753:
709:
583:
80:
1251:
868:
724:, and wrote an article about her. After first citing an article in the
697:
508:
of 2,766 tons, the hull (1,294 t), machinery and coal took 2,324 tons.
420:
326:
201:
117:
701:
689:
1026:
1024:
804:
705:
645:
1219:
Tracts of the
Liverpool Financial Reform Association, Issues 1-33
650:
The royal squadron in
Antwerp in 1843. Note the relative size of
460:
By 1831 there were 54 of these ships built and building. In 1832
501:
574:
acquired a lot of praise and a lot of criticism. In early 1844
1198:
Army and Navy Chronicle, and Scientific Repository vol. I-III
1116:
1114:
504:
added another 500 tons of weight. It meant that of the total
1042:
938:
732:
was 21.5 feet (6.6 m) before Antwerp, that she made 9
559:
and weight. Nevertheless, despite an 88% increase in size,
476:
was chosen as a ship upon which to conduct the experiment.
1089:
1087:
539:
was intended to have the same armament as the rest of the
595:, but by then the navy was already working on converting
1239:
The Practical Mechanic and Engineer's Magazine, Volume 4
1187:
General Report of the Emigration Commissioners, Volume 1
987:
985:
972:
970:
968:
966:
964:
962:
949:
947:
919:
917:
915:
913:
911:
909:
907:
894:
892:
890:
888:
886:
884:
1132:
716:
was in Antwerp she was visited by the Dutch Lieutenant
692:
on 13 September. The squadron continued and arrived in
307:
10.5–11 knots (19.4–20.4 km/h; 12.1–12.7 mph)
1156:
832:. On 3 April 1844 she captured the Spanish schooner
813:
recorded conditions on the transatlantic slave ship
681:on board and several other steam vessels including
848:. On 26 September 1845 she captured the steamer
1280:British Warships in the Age of Sail 1817-1863
633:on 27 June 1843 under Captain William Jones.
8:
1312:Victorian-era frigates of the United Kingdom
219:: 2 × 9 pdr cannon and 2 × 32 pdr carronades
169:40 ft 2 in (12.2 m) (extreme)
103:General characteristics (as sailing frigate)
1120:
1105:
226:General characteristics (as paddle frigate)
1242:, At the office 48, Nelson Street, Glasgow
1066:
1030:
856:. Much of the correspondence from aboard
276:20 ft 4 in (6.2 m) (max.)
1205:Huijssen van Kattendijk, W.J.C. (1844),
1093:
1078:
1015:
1003:
255:215 ft 2 in (65.6 m) (pp)
19:For other ships with the same name, see
1144:
991:
953:
923:
898:
880:
688:. The royal yacht brought the queen to
582:, stating that "sailors called her the
157:151 ft 10 in (46.3 m) (
27:
1054:
976:
423:. At the time they were often called
413:was designed and built as one of the
258:215 ft (65.5 m) (main deck)
50:
7:
764:who commanded the ships of the line
760:the next day. The idea was to join
268:40 ft 9 in (12.4 m)
1262:, London: John Murray, p. 595
437:. In 1815 it was decided that the
284:26 ft 8 in (8.13 m)
177:26 ft 4 in (8.03 m)
14:
809:Francis Meynell, a lieutenant on
1236:Mechanic and Engineer's (1845),
665:in Kent. It had the royal yacht
344:2 × 42 pdr 84 cwt guns on pivots
52:
31:
1259:A Naval Biographical Dictionary
1190:, Wiliam Clowes and Sons London
1176:Annales maritimes et coloniales
430:because they were based on the
1184:British Commissioners (1845),
718:Willem Huyssen van Kattendijke
606:Construction and commissioning
1:
860:was published shortly after.
824:played a significant role as
728:, he noted that the depth of
696:on 14 September, and then in
661:joined a royal squadron near
1270:Reports from Committees 15-2
1133:Huijssen van Kattendijk 1844
1043:Mechanic and Engineer's 1845
939:Mechanic and Engineer's 1845
852:, and on 30 September 1845,
700:on the 15th. After visiting
479:The design of the converted
347:10 × 42 pdr 23 cwt carronade
1229:The Illustrated London News
340:Quarterdeck and forecastle:
1333:
1307:Frigates of the Royal Navy
1157:British Commissioners 1845
18:
294:Two direct-acting engines
225:
102:
45:
30:
16:Frigate of the Royal Navy
1045:, p. 2e afd p. 246.
801:Policing against slavers
748:arrived in Portsmouth.
1277:Winfield, Rif (2014),
1253:"Jones, William"
1108:, p. 1 July 1843.
1069:, p. No. 13 p. 1.
818:
762:Admiral Charles Rowley
654:
836:. On 20 October 1844
808:
744:On 22 September 1843
649:
464:pointed out that the
1226:London News (1843),
1195:Force, W.Q. (1843),
830:Atlantic slave trade
785:. From 6–11 October
432:French frigate
353:2 × 18 pdr howitzer
350:2 × 24 pdr howitzer
204:: 28 × 18 pdr cannon
1248:O'Byrne, William R.
669:Victoria and Albert
492:During her rebuild
1216:Liverpool (1851),
1057:, p. III-524.
840:captured the brig
819:
657:In September 1843
655:
498:nominal horsepower
90:Admiralty, Chatham
726:Annales Maritimes
360:
359:
336:2 × 68 pdr 36 cwt
333:8 × 68 pdr 65 cwt
1324:
1293:
1273:
1267:Reports (1848),
1263:
1255:
1243:
1232:
1222:
1212:
1201:
1191:
1180:
1173:Annales (1843),
1160:
1154:
1148:
1142:
1136:
1130:
1124:
1118:
1109:
1106:London News 1843
1103:
1097:
1091:
1082:
1076:
1070:
1064:
1058:
1052:
1046:
1040:
1034:
1028:
1019:
1013:
1007:
1001:
995:
989:
980:
979:, p. I-629.
974:
957:
951:
942:
936:
927:
921:
902:
896:
796:
642:Visit to Antwerp
616:Chatham Dockyard
462:Sir Thomas Hardy
453:were fitted for
186:Full-rigged ship
146:
145:
144:
140:
62:
57:
56:
55:
35:
28:
1332:
1331:
1327:
1326:
1325:
1323:
1322:
1321:
1297:
1296:
1291:
1276:
1266:
1246:
1235:
1225:
1215:
1204:
1194:
1183:
1172:
1169:
1164:
1163:
1155:
1151:
1143:
1139:
1131:
1127:
1119:
1112:
1104:
1100:
1092:
1085:
1077:
1073:
1065:
1061:
1053:
1049:
1041:
1037:
1033:, No. 13, p. 3.
1029:
1022:
1014:
1010:
1002:
998:
990:
983:
975:
960:
952:
945:
937:
930:
922:
905:
897:
882:
877:
871:, in May 1846.
865:Haslar Hospital
803:
794:
742:
644:
639:
608:
569:
533:
514:
490:
428:-class frigates
408:
403:
401:Characteristics
383:
234:2,766 long tons
142:
138:
137:
136:
98:13 October 1829
58:
53:
51:
41:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1330:
1328:
1320:
1319:
1314:
1309:
1299:
1298:
1295:
1294:
1289:
1274:
1264:
1244:
1233:
1223:
1213:
1202:
1192:
1181:
1168:
1165:
1162:
1161:
1149:
1147:, p. 195.
1137:
1135:, p. 491.
1125:
1123:, p. 595.
1110:
1098:
1096:, p. 313.
1083:
1081:, p. 312.
1071:
1067:Liverpool 1851
1059:
1047:
1035:
1031:Liverpool 1851
1020:
1018:, p. 155.
1008:
1006:, p. 154.
996:
994:, p. 906.
981:
958:
956:, p. 903.
943:
941:, p. 246.
928:
926:, p. 905.
903:
901:, p. 904.
879:
878:
876:
873:
802:
799:
741:
738:
675:Queen Victoria
643:
640:
638:
635:
607:
604:
576:Charles Napier
568:
565:
532:
529:
513:
510:
489:
486:
407:
404:
402:
399:
382:
379:
358:
357:
356:
355:
354:
351:
348:
345:
341:
338:
337:
334:
330:
321:
317:
316:
313:
309:
308:
305:
301:
300:
299:
298:
295:
290:
286:
285:
282:
278:
277:
274:
270:
269:
266:
262:
261:
260:
259:
256:
251:
247:
246:
240:
236:
235:
232:
228:
227:
223:
222:
221:
220:
214:
210:: 14 × 32 pdr
205:
198:
193:
189:
188:
183:
179:
178:
175:
171:
170:
167:
163:
162:
155:
151:
150:
133:
129:
128:
125:
121:
120:
109:
108:Class and type
105:
104:
100:
99:
96:
92:
91:
88:
84:
83:
78:
74:
73:
68:
64:
63:
60:United Kingdom
48:
47:
43:
42:
37:Steam frigate
36:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1329:
1318:
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1304:
1302:
1292:
1290:9781473849624
1286:
1282:
1281:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1265:
1261:
1260:
1254:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1240:
1234:
1231:
1230:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1214:
1210:
1209:
1203:
1200:
1199:
1193:
1189:
1188:
1182:
1178:
1177:
1171:
1170:
1166:
1158:
1153:
1150:
1146:
1141:
1138:
1134:
1129:
1126:
1122:
1117:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1102:
1099:
1095:
1094:Winfield 2014
1090:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1079:Winfield 2014
1075:
1072:
1068:
1063:
1060:
1056:
1051:
1048:
1044:
1039:
1036:
1032:
1027:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1016:Winfield 2014
1012:
1009:
1005:
1004:Winfield 2014
1000:
997:
993:
988:
986:
982:
978:
973:
971:
969:
967:
965:
963:
959:
955:
950:
948:
944:
940:
935:
933:
929:
925:
920:
918:
916:
914:
912:
910:
908:
904:
900:
895:
893:
891:
889:
887:
885:
881:
874:
872:
870:
866:
861:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
827:
823:
816:
812:
807:
800:
798:
793:
788:
784:
783:
777:
776:
770:
769:
763:
759:
755:
751:
747:
739:
737:
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
686:
680:
679:Prince Albert
676:
672:
670:
664:
663:Walmer Castle
660:
653:
648:
641:
636:
634:
632:
628:
624:
621:
617:
612:
605:
603:
601:
600:
594:
589:
585:
581:
578:ranted about
577:
573:
566:
564:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
530:
528:
526:
522:
518:
511:
509:
507:
503:
499:
495:
487:
485:
482:
477:
475:
471:
467:
463:
458:
457:and laid up.
456:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
435:
429:
427:
422:
419:
417:
412:
405:
400:
398:
396:
392:
388:
380:
378:
376:
375:steam frigate
371:
367:
366:
352:
349:
346:
343:
342:
339:
335:
332:
331:
328:
324:
323:
322:
319:
318:
314:
311:
310:
306:
303:
302:
296:
293:
292:
291:
288:
287:
283:
281:Depth of hold
280:
279:
275:
272:
271:
267:
264:
263:
257:
254:
253:
252:
249:
248:
245:
241:
238:
237:
233:
230:
229:
224:
218:
215:
213:
209:
206:
203:
199:
196:
195:
194:
191:
190:
187:
184:
181:
180:
176:
174:Depth of hold
173:
172:
168:
165:
164:
160:
156:
153:
152:
149:
134:
131:
130:
126:
123:
122:
119:
116:
114:
110:
107:
106:
101:
97:
94:
93:
89:
86:
85:
82:
79:
76:
75:
72:
69:
66:
65:
61:
49:
44:
40:
34:
29:
26:
22:
1279:
1269:
1257:
1238:
1228:
1218:
1207:
1197:
1186:
1175:
1152:
1145:Annales 1843
1140:
1128:
1121:O'Byrne 1849
1101:
1074:
1062:
1050:
1038:
1011:
999:
992:Reports 1848
954:Reports 1848
924:Reports 1848
899:Reports 1848
862:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
821:
820:
814:
810:
791:
786:
781:
774:
767:
752:remained at
749:
745:
743:
729:
725:
721:
713:
684:
671: (1843)
668:
658:
656:
651:
631:commissioned
626:
625:
620:River Thames
610:
609:
598:
592:
587:
579:
571:
570:
560:
540:
536:
534:
524:
516:
515:
506:displacement
493:
491:
480:
478:
473:
469:
465:
459:
446:
442:
433:
425:
415:
410:
409:
394:
390:
386:
384:
364:
362:
361:
239:Tons burthen
231:Displacement
132:Tons burthen
124:Displacement
112:
70:
38:
25:
21:HMS Penelope
1179:(in French)
834:Maria Luisa
549:quarterdeck
208:Quarterdeck
1317:1829 ships
1301:Categories
1211:(in Dutch)
1167:References
1055:Force 1843
977:Force 1843
782:Camperdown
768:St Vincent
694:Vlissingen
553:forecastle
545:carronades
439:Royal Navy
368:was first
312:Complement
289:Propulsion
217:Forecastle
212:carronades
127:1,469 tons
775:Caledonia
773:HMS
766:HMS
683:HMS
667:HMY
597:HMS
567:Criticism
535:As built
488:Machinery
370:laid down
182:Sail plan
1250:(1849),
858:Penelope
838:Penelope
826:flagship
822:Penelope
811:Penelope
792:Penelope
787:Penelope
754:Spithead
750:Penelope
746:Penelope
730:Penelope
722:Penelope
714:Penelope
710:Brussels
659:Penelope
652:Penelope
627:Penelope
611:Penelope
593:Penelope
588:Penelope
584:Porpoise
580:Penelope
572:Penelope
561:Penelope
537:Penelope
531:Armament
525:Penelope
517:Penelope
494:Penelope
481:Penelope
474:Penelope
470:Penelope
455:ordinary
451:launched
421:frigates
411:Penelope
395:Penelope
391:Penelope
387:Penelope
365:Penelope
320:Armament
197:46 guns:
192:Armament
95:Launched
81:Penelope
77:Namesake
71:Penelope
39:Penelope
869:Gosport
854:Legeira
850:Cacique
846:Allerto
842:Virgina
817:in 1846
815:Albanoz
740:To Cork
698:Antwerp
685:Cyclops
673:, with
637:Service
599:Amphion
557:calibre
547:on the
381:Context
327:gundeck
297:650 nhp
202:gundeck
141:⁄
118:frigate
87:Builder
46:History
1287:
790:about
702:Bruges
690:Ostend
418:-class
406:Design
250:Length
242:1,630
200:Upper
154:Length
115:-class
875:Notes
795:'
734:knots
706:Ghent
521:masts
512:Sails
325:Main
304:Speed
273:Draft
135:1,090
1285:ISBN
780:HMS
778:and
758:Cork
708:and
677:and
629:was
551:and
541:Leda
502:coal
466:Hébé
447:Leda
443:Hébé
434:Hébé
426:Hébé
416:Leda
363:HMS
265:Beam
244:(bm)
166:Beam
113:Leda
67:Name
844:or
315:300
1303::
1283:,
1256:,
1113:^
1086:^
1023:^
984:^
961:^
946:^
931:^
906:^
883:^
867:,
771:,
704:,
159:pp
148:bm
143:94
139:55
1159:.
329::
161:)
23:.
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