303:) is an enhancement to CSD designed to provide higher data rates by means of more efficient channel coding and/or multiple (up to 4) time slots. It requires the time slots being used to be fully reserved to a single user. A transfer rate of up to 57.6 kbit/s (i.e., 4 × 14.4 kbit/s) can be reached, or even 115 kbit/s if a network allows combining 8 slots instead of just 4. It is possible that either at the beginning of the call, or at some point during a call, it will not be possible for the user's full request to be satisfied since the network is often configured to allow normal voice calls to take precedence over additional time slots for HSCSD users.
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330:(UMTS) systems where packet data transmission rates are much higher. In the UMTS system, the advantages of HSCSD over packet data are even lower since the UMTS radio interface has been specifically designed to support high bandwidth, low latency packet connections. This means that the primary reason to use HSCSD in this environment would be access to legacy dial up systems.
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taken up with error correction codes. HSCSD provides different levels of possible error correction which can be used according to the quality of the radio link. This means that in the best conditions 14.4 kbit/s can be put through a single time slot that under CSD would only carry 9.6 kbit/s, i.e. a 50% improvement in throughput.
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Apart from the fact that the full allocated bandwidth of the connection is available to the HSCSD user, HSCSD also has an advantage in GSM systems in terms of lower average radio interface latency than GPRS. This is because the user of an HSCSD connection does not have to wait for permission from the
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The user is typically charged for HSCSD at a rate higher than a normal phone call (e.g., by the number of time slots allocated) for the total period of time that the user has a connection active. This makes HSCSD relatively expensive in many GSM networks and is one of the reasons that packet-switched
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Prior to CSD, data transmission over mobile phone systems was done by using a modem, either built into the phone or attached to it. Such systems were limited by the quality of the audio signal to 2.4 kbit/s or less. With the introduction of digital transmission in TDMA-based systems like GSM,
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An innovation in HSCSD is to allow different error correction methods to be used for data transfer. The original error correction used in GSM was designed to work at the limits of coverage and in the worst case that GSM will handle. This means that a large part of the GSM transmission capacity is
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315:(GPRS), which typically has lower pricing (based on amount of data transferred rather than the duration of the connection), has become more common than HSCSD.
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used in GSM actually meant that data rates using a traditional modem connected to the phone would have been even lower than with older
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CSD provided almost direct access to the underlying digital signal, allowing for higher speeds. At the same time, the speech-oriented
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Gateway to 21st
Century Communications Village. VTC 1999-Fall. IEEE VTS 50th Vehicular Technology Conference (Cat. No.99CH36324)
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CDMA Circuit
Switched Data declined in favour of the faster data transmission speeds available with the newer technologies.
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radios can be active all the time to deliver up to 14.4 kbit/s data transmission speeds. With the evolution of CDMA to
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standard also supports CDMA Circuit
Switched Data. However, unlike TDMA, there are no time slots, and all
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268:(PCM) signal when sent from the MSC. It is also possible to directly use the digital signal as an
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In some places CSD services have continued to operate on 2G networks for a long time. In the
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in a GSM network. A single dedicated radio time slot is allocated between the phone and the
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data transmission directly from the mobile phone at speeds roughly twice those of HSCSD.
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Hamiti, S.; Hakaste, M.; Moisio, M.; Nefedov, N.; Nikula, E.; Vilpponen, H. (1999).
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525:"Circuit Switched Data (CSD) service on 2G to be terminated in the Netherlands"
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Enhanced
Circuit Switched Data (ECSD) was developed alongside GPRS/EDGE
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GSM data transmission has advanced since the introduction of CSD:
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489:"Enhanced circuit switched data for real time services over GSM"
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where it could be connected through the equivalent of a normal
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was the first mobile phone from Nokia that supported HSCSD.
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At the MSC, it is possible to use a modem to convert to an
272:(ISDN) data signal and feed it into the equivalent of a
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http://blueadmiral.com/Communications/comms/hscsd.shtml
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Few devices support HSCSD – the Nokia CardPhone 2.0
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60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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241:functions in a very similar way to a normal
27:Data transmission standard for mobile phones
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364:Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
328:Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
202:service. For backwards compatibility, the
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
280:High Speed Circuit Switched Data (HSCSD)
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400:Global System for Mobile Communications
160:Global System for Mobile Communications
1438:Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service
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360:Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution
324:Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution
198:(PSTN), allowing direct calls to any
7:
1396:Spectral efficiency comparison table
58:adding citations to reliable sources
270:Integrated Services Digital Network
385:switched the service off in 2021.
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196:Public Switched Telephone Network
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1501:
587:List of mobile phone generations
297:High Speed Circuit Switched Data
34:
352:(GPRS) provides more efficient
150:transmission developed for the
45:needs additional citations for
1:
417:Time-division multiple access
333:HSCSD was specified in 1997.
186:data transmission to the GSM
152:time-division multiple access
1508:Telecommunication portal
406:General Packet Radio Service
350:General Packet Radio Service
313:General Packet Radio Service
423:List of interface bit rates
322:HSCSD is also an option in
188:network switching subsystem
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1005:CDMA2000 1xEV-DO Release 0
501:10.1109/VETECF.1999.797200
495:. pp. 578-582 vol.1.
319:network to send a packet.
146:) is the original form of
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887:EDGE/EGPRS - Evolved EDGE
812:D-AMPS (IS-54 and IS-136)
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178:CSD uses a single radio
1343:Comparison of standards
982:UTRA-TDD LCR / TD-SCDMA
255:Mobile Switching Centre
69:"Circuit Switched Data"
1348:Channel access methods
987:UTRA-TDD HCR / TD-CDMA
293:
1519:Telephones portal
627:MTA - MTB - MTC - MTD
287:
266:pulse-code modulation
136:Circuit Switched Data
1136:iBurst (IEEE 802.20)
909:CDMA2000 1X Advanced
362:(EDGE) (E-GPRS) and
274:remote access server
54:improve this article
1022:(3.5G, 3.75G, 3.9G)
864:(2.5G, 2.75G, 2.9G)
632:Mobile TeleSeratout
134:In communications,
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1096:(TIA/EIA/IS-856-B)
1090:(TIA/EIA/IS-856-A)
1088:1xEV-DO Revision A
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468:Missing or empty
395:Circuit switching
228:audio compression
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16:(Redirected from
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1433:Mobile broadband
1333:Mobile telephony
1321:Related articles
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1094:EV-DO Revision B
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71: –
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65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
1538:GSM standard
1448:Push-to-talk
1226:IEEE 802.16m
1195:LTE Advanced
1179:IMT Advanced
1124:IEEE 802.16e
1119:Mobile WiMAX
1080:3GPP2 family
1007:(TIA/IS-856)
998:3GPP2 family
896:3GPP2 family
875:/3GPP family
773:
691:TACS - ETACS
532:. Retrieved
528:
519:
492:
482:
470:|title=
449:. Retrieved
442:
437:
412:Mobile phone
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354:packet-based
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247:base station
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156:mobile phone
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52:Please help
47:verification
44:
1277:5G-Advanced
1265:3GPP family
1215:IEEE family
1207:(4.5G/4.9G)
1188:3GPP family
1030:3GPP family
958:3GPP family
903:CDMA2000 1X
774:CSD - HSCSD
379:Netherlands
326:(EDGE) and
1131:Flash-OFDM
529:Adesys B.V
429:References
341:Successors
335:Nokia 6210
251:transcoder
243:voice call
170:(E-GPRS).
80:newspapers
1231:WiMax 2.1
1086:CDMA2000
579:standards
381:operator
234:systems.
180:time slot
174:Technical
110:June 2024
1532:Category
1256:IMT-2020
1160:HiperMAN
1059:DC-HSDPA
949:IMT-2000
461:cite web
389:See also
212:CDMA2000
144:GSM data
1490:Osmocom
1338:History
1308:DECT-5G
1282:NR-IIoT
727:DataTAC
722:Mobitex
534:18 June
451:18 June
290:PC Card
257:(MSC).
200:dial-up
194:to the
94:scholar
1292:NB-IoT
1258:(2021)
1253:(2018)
1199:E-UTRA
1181:(2013)
1176:(2009)
1153:family
1112:family
1070:E-UTRA
951:(2001)
946:(1998)
805:family
786:family
762:family
748:(1991)
679:family
669:(1979)
652:B-Netz
600:(1946)
507:
419:(TDMA)
408:(GPRS)
237:A CSD
232:analog
184:kbit/s
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
1468:ViLTE
1463:VoLTE
1421:5G NR
1370:STDMA
1358:OFDMA
1301:Other
1287:LTE-M
1272:5G NR
1235:WiBro
1222:WiMAX
1141:WiBro
1054:HSPA+
1047:HSUPA
1042:HSDPA
925:WiDEN
918:Other
821:Other
784:3GPP2
717:Hicap
712:C-450
700:Other
617:Altai
402:(GSM)
301:HSCSD
220:IS-95
216:1xRTT
204:IS-95
192:modem
101:JSTOR
87:books
18:HSCSD
1478:ViNR
1473:VoNR
1453:MIMO
1426:CDMA
1411:UMTS
1389:SDMA
1382:CDMA
1377:SSMA
1365:TDMA
1353:FDMA
1151:ETSI
1110:IEEE
1037:HSPA
975:FOMA
965:UMTS
930:DECT
882:GPRS
833:iDEN
828:CDPD
803:AMPS
760:3GPP
677:AMPS
637:AMTS
612:IMTS
536:2024
505:ISBN
474:help
453:2024
239:call
214:and
208:CDMA
168:EDGE
166:and
164:GPRS
148:data
73:news
1458:IMS
1416:LTE
1406:GSM
1066:LTE
873:GSM
848:CT2
843:PHS
838:PDC
769:GSM
756:GSM
732:CT1
707:NMT
657:AMR
647:ARP
622:OLT
607:MTS
497:doi
383:KPN
140:CSD
56:by
1534::
1251:5G
1228:)
1174:4G
944:3G
746:2G
667:1G
595:0G
527:.
503:.
491:.
465::
463:}}
459:{{
276:.
1224:(
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758:/
569:e
562:t
555:v
538:.
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299:(
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108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
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