262:
20:
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258:, weakening the Ottoman Empire considerably every time, and effectively opening a second front when the Ottoman Empire was in conflict in Europe, to the rejoicing of Habsburg Europe. It was a great relief for the Habsburgs, and appeared as the realization of the old Habsburg–Persian alliance stratagem.
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de Balbi, and an alliance was made with the objective of making an attack on the
Ottoman Empire in the west and the east within the following year. Tahmasp also responded by expressing his friendship to the Emperor. A decision was thus taken to attack the Ottoman Empire on both fronts, but Balbi took
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in March 1524 "to ask for an alliance against the Turks". Nothing concrete however seems to have come out of these first exchanges. Charles accepted the alliance in principle, but the death of Shah Ismail in 1524 effectively invalidated the agreement.
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354:"A Habsburg-Persian alliance against the Ottomans finally brought a respite from the Turkish threat in the 1540s. This entanglement kept Suleiman tied down on his eastern border, relieving the pressure on Carlos V" in
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more than one year to return to the
Persian Empire, and by that time the situation had changed in Persia, as Persia was forced to make peace with the Ottoman Empire because of an insurrection of the
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offering to
Charles V to coordinate military operations against the common Ottoman enemy, again using Petrus of Monte Libano as an emissary. The envoys visited Charles V in
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to accompany him in his campaign. Gabriel de Luetz was able to give decisive military advice to
Suleiman, as when he advised on artillery placement during the
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acting as intermediary. Numerous similar diplomatic efforts to combine against the
Ottomans would continue into the 17th century, especially with the
105:, sent an envoy to propose an alliance to the Shah of Persia between 1516 and 1519. Also in 1516, Ludwig II sent a Maronite friar by the name of
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214:, formalized in 1536, that would counterbalance the Habsburg threat. In 1547, when Suleiman attacked Persia, France sent him the ambassador
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195:, without success. Other legations were sent in 1532 and 1533. These exchanges were effectively followed however by the long
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After a period of trouble in Persia, contacts between
Austria and Persia were resumed in 1593 when Emperor
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The
Persians effectively entered into conflict with the Ottoman Empire on five occasions in the
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The response to these letters has not been preserved, but in 1523 Shah Ismail sent a letter in
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304:. Further efforts towards an alliance were also undertaken by the English adventurer
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was attempted and to a certain extent achieved in the 16th century between the
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to Shah Ismail, who had died in 1524 and had been replaced by
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Attempts at forming a
Habsburg–Persian alliance against the
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Memoirs of the court, aristocracy, and diplomacy of
Austria
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being honoured by the
Trumpets of Fame, together with the
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About the same time, envoys were also sent to Persia by
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in Rome, painted in 1615–1616. Sala dei Corazzieri,
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8:
571:Military history of the Habsburg monarchy
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576:History of the foreign relations of Iran
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556:16th century in the Habsburg monarchy
314:Persian embassy to Europe (1609–1615)
310:Persian embassy to Europe (1599–1602)
274:Persian embassy to Europe (1609–1615)
236:Persian embassy to Europe (1609–1615)
139:Persian embassy to Europe (1599–1602)
89:, exchanges occurred between him and
73:in their common conflict against the
7:
57:
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151:Ottoman progression towards Vienna
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586:Foreign relations of Safavid Iran
581:Military alliances involving Iran
476:The Indian Ocean in world history
356:The Indian Ocean in world history
101:. Charles, then king of Spain as
97:in view of combining against the
566:Military history of Safavid Iran
300:through the Persian minister in
85:During the reign of the Persian
532:Editions du Felin, 2008, Paris
422:Annals of the Emperor Charles V
197:Ottoman-Safavid War (1532–1555)
16:16th century political alliance
503:The Cambridge history of Islam
206:, enemy of the Habsburgs, and
145:Finally, on 18 February 1529,
1:
381:by William Bayne Fisher p.384
379:The Cambridge history of Iran
505:by Peter Malcolm Holt p.330
478:Milo Kearney – 2004 – p.112
358:Milo Kearney – 2004 – p.112
210:were moving forward with a
183:of Austria (and brother of
153:, again sent a letter from
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445:by James Reston, Jr. p.359
53:Habsburg-Safavid alliance
41:Habsburg–Persian alliance
208:Suleiman the Magnificent
149:, deeply alarmed by the
27:were first initiated by
464:Carl Eduard Vehse p.71
331:Franco-Persian alliance
326:Franco-Ottoman alliance
278:Allégorie de l'Occasion
212:Franco-Ottoman alliance
133:The Persian ambassador
109:with the same mission.
443:Defenders of the Faith
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107:Petrus de Monte Libano
63:Habsburg-Iran alliance
36:
336:Ottoman–Habsburg wars
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244:Palazzo del Quirinale
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22:
561:16th century in Iran
491:Franco Cardini p.153
424:Lopez De Gomara p.70
410:Encyclopedia Iranica
256:Ottoman–Persian Wars
187:), in the person of
163:knight of Saint John
95:Ludwig II of Hungary
49:اتحاد ایران-هابسبورگ
204:Francis I of France
125:Ottoman-Safavid War
58:اتحاد صفوی-هابسبورگ
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143:
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538:978-2-86645-678-8
282:Frans II Francken
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530:L'Alliance Impie
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489:Europe and Islam
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226:Further attempts
216:Gabriel de Luetz
202:Meanwhile, King
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193:Simon de Lillis
189:Pietro da Negro
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67:Habsburg Empire
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234:Fresco of the
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135:Husain Ali Beg
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81:First contacts
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75:Ottoman Empire
25:Ottoman Empire
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515:Garnier, p.16
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296:a message to
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99:Ottoman Turks
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220:Siege of Vān
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159:Shah Tahmasp
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71:Safavid Iran
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298:Shah ʿAbbās
240:Pope Paul V
137:during the
87:Shah Ismail
35:in 1516–19.
33:Shah Ismail
550:Categories
523:References
292:sent from
541:Interview
408:Austria,
290:Rudolf II
268:as a new
238:visiting
185:Charles V
181:Ferdinand
168:Shaybanid
147:Charles V
103:Charles I
91:Charles V
29:Charles V
320:See also
312:and the
284:, 1628.
266:Abbas I
45:Persian
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302:Moscow
294:Prague
270:Caesar
171:Uzbeks
155:Toledo
118:Burgos
93:, and
342:Notes
280:, by
276:, in
114:Latin
61:) or
534:ISBN
248:Rome
191:and
178:King
69:and
31:and
51:),
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454:^
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39:A
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