333:, in 1947, although the collection was not exclusively of haiku. Almeida had his own interpretation of the metric structure, title and rhyme of haiku. In the structure proposed by Almeida, the first verse rhymes with the third one, and the second verse has an internal rhyme, with the second syllabe rhyming with the seventh one. Almeida's haiku form still has many adepts in Brazil.
443:, Guilherme de Almeida, Waldomiro Siqueira Júnior, Jorge Fonseca Júnior, José Maurício Mazzucco, Wenceslau de Moraes, Oldegar Vieira, Osman Matos, Abel Pereira, Fanny Luíza Dupré, Martinho Brüning, Paulo Leminski and Alice Ruiz (who travels around the country conducting workshops on the subject) are important in the history of haiku in Brazil.
336:
Another interpretation of haiku is the traditionalist one, promoted by
Japanese immigrants and descendants, like Hidekazu Masuda Goga and Teruko Oda. It defines haiku as a poem written in simple language, without rhymes, and following the metric of 17 syllabes: 5 in the first verse, 7 in the second
563:
Haiku poetry is a relatively new practice in the Arabic literature. It wasn't until 2010 when the first book was published by a Syrian writer
Muhammad Adimah containing 1000 haiku translated from Japanese directly. Although most of the Arab haiku poets use the three short lines structure, this has
630:
Look Japan 2000 - Volume 46, N os 529 - 540 - Page 34 "CONTOUR LINES The first question to ask is whether or not it makes sense to compose haiku outside Japan, disengaged from
Japanese culture and the language in which the form was first created. If it does, how should the poet overseas
277:. Soon after, the national association called Italian Friends of the haiku (Associazione Italiana Amici dell'Haiku) was established, and then the Italian Haiku Association. The poet Mario Chini (1876 - 1959) published the book of haiku titled "Moments" (Rome, 1960). Later,
564:
not always been considered as a strict rule. Literary critics in the Arab world have not reached an agreement yet whether the haiku poems written by the young poets can be considered a new form of poetry or merely a different name for the (already popular)
972:
351:
It was in the 1930s that the exchange and diffusion of haiku between
Japanese and Brazilian haikuists took place, thus constituting another path of haiku in Brazil. It was also in that decade that the oldest collection of haiku appeared, called
967:
269:
experimented with the haiku in the early twentieth century. In Italy, the national haiku association was founded in Rome in 1987 by Sono Uchida, the well-known
Japanese haijin and the ambassador of
135:
Subsequent to Paul-Louis
Couchoud's popularisation of the form in France through his essays and translations, the next major haiku collection to appear there was the sequence of war poems by
461:
have been developed in
Estonia since 1960s. Andres Ehin (1940 - 2011) was the most prominent Estonian-language haiku writer of the 20th century; his bilingual English-Estonian collection
484:
count in
Japanese haiku is 5+7+5, while Estonian haiku also goes in three lines but only comprises 4+6+4 syllables. Estonian authors claim that this is a distinctively Estonian form.
1118:
413:
Those who advocate the content of haiku and consider some characteristics of the poem to be peculiar, such as conciseness, condensation, intuition and emotion, which are linked to
110:) (2002) considers that haiku in French, due to the less rhythmic nature of the French language, often include alliterations or discrete rhymes, and cites the following Haiku by
721:
356:, by Siqueira Júnior, published in 1933 and composed of 56 haiku. Fanny Luíza Dupré was the first woman to publish a book on haiku, in February 1949, entitled
823:
1046:
1004:
435:, the term or word that indicates the season of the year, to be important in the construction of haiku. Jorge Fonseca Júnior is one of them.
932:
1128:
812:
574:
acknowledged the Arabic haiku as a distinct form of poetry by publishing, for the first time, haiku poems of 11 Arab poets from
893:
340:
Goga attributes the source of haiku in its original language to the
Japanese immigrants, beginning with the arrival of the
718:
777:
480:) is a form of poetry introduced in Estonia in 2009. The so-called "Estonian haiku" is shorter than a Japanese one; the
210:
appeared in book-form in 1962 and were republished in Japan in 1979 as "Löwenzahn: die auf 17 Silben verkürzten Haiku".
314:
145:
507:
86:
239:
231:
680:
570:
490:
is credited as the inventor of
Estonian haiku. The first collection of Estonian haiku was published in 2010:
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499:
387:
In 1926, through the cultivation and diffusion of haiku within the Japanese colony by Keiseki and Nenpuku.
266:
222:
103:
426:) to be the most important and follow the rule of 17 poetic syllables (5-7-5), like Guilherme de Almeida.
1148:
919:
213:
In 1988, Margaret Buerschaper founded the German Haiku Society (Die Deutsche Haiku-Gesellschaft e. V.).
348:, in June 18, 1908. In the ship was Shuhei Uetsuka (1876-1935), a good haiku writer known as Hyôkotsu.
835:
322:
528:
465:
was published in Ireland in 2005. Estonian poets Arvo Mets and Felix Tammi wrote haiku in Russian.
440:
285:
also published a collection of haiku in English, which he translated back into his native Italian (
207:
95:
503:
278:
203:
175:
107:
640:
Geoffrey O'Brien, Bruce C. Kennedy, Elizabeth Searle Lamb. Frogpond, 1987, Volume 10-11, page 29
143:(1916). Later haiku by him were included among the work of the twelve published together in the
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166:
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1000:
512:
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where Estonia was the guest of honor. A selection of Estonian haiku has been published by the
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247:
994:
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James Kirkup. A certain state of mind: an anthology of classic, modern and ... 1995, Page 83
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Ihr gelben Chrysanthemen! Japanische Lebensweisheit. Nachdichtungen japanischer Haiku.
614:) was authored by Garin Angoghinian, an Armenian-American, and was published in 2021.
1142:
565:
392:
In the decade of 1930, through the exchange between Japanese and Brazilian haikuists.
136:
111:
666:"Anthologie du haïku en France" Jean Antonini Editions Aléas, France, 2003, pp 18-24
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With the dissemination of haiku in Portuguese, some schools of thought were formed:
548:
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243:
99:
63:
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790:
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Haiku have found a foothold in German poetry since the 1920s, with examples from
1022:
Japan Review: Bulletin of the International Research Center for Japanese Studies
956:
341:
255:
206:(Vienna 1939) was published in the 1930s. Also written in the 1930s, haiku by
179:
43:
39:
1038:
East Asian Literatures: Japanese, Chinese and Korean: an Interface with India
195:
183:
55:
1092:
1077:
878:] (in Brazilian Portuguese). São Paulo: Aliança Cultural Brasil-Japão.
516:("Creation"). Estonian haiku have been actively translated into Finnish.
481:
274:
51:
1025:. International Research Center for Japanese Studies. 1992. p. 19.
591:
579:
254:
to Spanish was done in 1957 by the Mexican poet and Nobel Prize winner
35:
677:
Japan, France, and East-West Aesthetics: French Literature, 1867-2000
654:
587:
502:. An Estonian-language haiku competition was organized at the 2011
1119:"Garin Angoghinian's book of Armenian haikus published in Yerevan"
1096:(Arabic ed.), No. 3, July 2015, " special issue (the Arabic Haiku)
575:
536:
458:
270:
70:
47:
17:
980:
801:
583:
791:
Carla Vasio. Haiku in Italy. Shamrock Haiku Journal No 10, 2009
360:. Haiku routes in Brazil can be summarized chronologically as:
313:
According to Goga (1988), the first Brazilian haiku writer was
749:
747:
417:. Oldegar Vieira is a haikuist who adhered to this thought.
258:
in collaboration with Japanese diplomat Eikichi Hayashiya.
230:
Authors in Spain who have written haiku in Spanish include
20:
has been adopted in various languages other than Japanese.
761:
759:
149:(No. 84, September 1920), among whom was the young
766:
Jane Reichhold, Haiku in Germany. Shamrock no 14, 2010
94:
French poets who have written haiku in French include
1041:. Northern Book Centre. 1 January 2006. p. 268.
246:. Many other writers across Latin America, including
223:
El Haikú en la literatura Hispana (Spanish wikipedia)
250:, have also used the form. A translation of Bashō's
1106:
87:Les haïkus en langue française (French wikipedia)
1067:. Nirmala Sadanand Publishers. 1967. p. 27.
535:(1967) is the collection of 359 haiku and six
8:
281:published some of his haiku. The famed poet
837:Haiku for a Season / Haiku per una stagione
287:Haiku for a Season / Haiku per una stagione
778:"El 'haiku' o el arte de la poesía mínima"
373:In 1909, through the Japanese immigration.
325:, who published the 1937 magazine article
321:, although who popularized the poetry was
198:among others being cited. The collection
167:Deutschsprachige Haiku (German wikipedia)
969:Eesti haiku trohheuse ja muude loomadega
865:
863:
861:
859:
857:
855:
853:
851:
849:
847:
679:, Fairleigh Dickinson University 2004,
623:
289:, Chicago: U. of Chicago Press, 2021).
983:, Maarja Kangro, 2010. Issue 23 (3303)
887:
885:
651:Style et esprit des haïkou en français
153:. This was followed by the anthology
7:
1082:(Arabic ed.), No. 3, 2015, p. 47–54
716:Die deutschsprachige Haiku-Dichtung.
302:In Brazil, haiku can also be called
704:"Style and Spirit in French Haikus"
653:, Bulletin des Anciens Élèves de l'
551:published Haiku collection titled
999:. Sarup & Sons. pp. 15–.
14:
1127:. January 8, 2021. Archived from
993:Kuśa Satyendra (1 January 2000).
957:Shamrock Haiku Journal No 3, 2007
547:are his other haiku collections.
439:Names such as Afrânio Peixoto,
368:, by Francisco Antônio Almeida.
996:Dictionary of Hindu Literature
894:"A history of Brazilian haiku"
405:. He also wrote various haiku.
1:
602:A collection of 63 haikus in
422:Those who consider the form (
102:(1942), Seegan Mabesoone and
380:Trovas Populares Brasileiras
337:one and 5 in the third one.
319:Trovas Populares Brasileiras
317:, in 1919, through his book
933:"Munster Literature Centre"
69:The first English-language
50:. Their followers were the
1165:
702:Georges C. Friendenkraft,
533:Soneri Chand Rooperi Suraj
450:
378:In 1919, through the book
364:In 1879, through the book
358:Pétalas ao Vento – Haicais
220:
164:
84:
27:
1078:A study on Arabic Haiku,
802:Italian Haiku Association
200:Ihr gelben Chrysanthemen!
119:"Jasons : Dieu merci
870:Goga, H. Masuda (1988).
545:Sunrise on the Snowpeaks
329:and the collection
146:Nouvelle Revue Française
106:. Georges Friedenkraft (
1094:Poetry Letters Magazine
1080:Poetry Letters Magazine
571:Poetry Letters Magazine
508:Estonian Writers' Union
431:Those who consider the
204:de:Anna von Rottauscher
124:Ça sent si bon sa forêt
46:wrote what they called
741:Scheurmann, Wien 1939.
737:Anna von Rottauscher:
657:, April 2002, p113-120
649:Georges Friedenkraft,
494:by poets Asko Künnap,
477:
468:What some people call
141:Cent visions de guerre
114:(1995) as an example:
920:Eesti Kunstiakadeemia
401:wrote a biography of
382:, by Afrânio Peixoto.
232:Federico García Lorca
1064:Indian Writing Today
901:The Haiku Foundation
568:. In July 2015, the
531:and popularized it.
527:introduced Haiku in
500:Karl Martin Sinijärv
463:Moose Beetle Swallow
323:Guilherme de Almeida
1131:on 23 January 2021.
876:The haiku in Brazil
714:Sabine Sommerkamp:
529:Gujarati literature
267:Gabriele D'Annunzio
208:Imma von Bodmershof
129:La soupe au persil.
96:Paul-Louis Couchoud
975:2013-12-27 at the
922:, 2004. Issues 4-5
872:O haicai no Brasil
813:Mondo Haiku, Italy
724:2010-08-18 at the
504:Helsinki Book Fair
366:Da França ao Japão
279:Edoardo Sanguineti
240:Juan Ramón Jiménez
176:Rainer Maria Rilke
155:Le Haïkaï Français
1107:Հայերէն Հայքուներ
1048:978-81-7211-205-9
1006:978-81-7625-159-4
610:(Հայերէն հայքու,
248:Jorge Luis Borges
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252:Oku no Hosomichi
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30:Haiku in English
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892:Clement, Rosa.
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780:. 10 June 2012.
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726:Wayback Machine
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525:Jhinabhai Desai
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327:Os Meus Haicais
315:Afrânio Peixoto
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283:Andrea Zanzotto
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236:Antonio Machado
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608:Armenian Haiku
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492:Estonian Haiku
470:Estonian haiku
453:Estonian haiku
451:Main article:
448:
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399:Paulo Leminski
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192:Alfred Mombert
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137:Julien Vocance
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75:American Haiku
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77:(1963-1968).
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73:magazine was
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16:The Japanese
1149:Haikai forms
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941:. Retrieved
937:the original
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915:Koht ja paik
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692:Poems online
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549:Dhiru Parikh
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523:
511:
510:'s magazine
491:
486:
469:
467:
462:
457:Traditional
456:
438:
432:
423:
415:Zen Buddhism
408:
403:Matsuo Bashō
379:
365:
357:
353:
350:
344:ship in the
339:
335:
331:Poesia Vária
330:
326:
318:
312:
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303:
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286:
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251:
244:Luis Cernuda
229:
226:(in Spanish)
212:
199:
173:
154:
144:
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134:
128:
123:
118:
100:Paul Claudel
93:
74:
68:
64:Jack Kerouac
62:, including
33:
15:
543:(1984) and
488:Asko Künnap
478:Eesti haiku
342:Kasato Maru
256:Octavio Paz
170:(in German)
151:Paul Éluard
90:(in French)
943:2014-03-29
618:References
293:Portuguese
180:Franz Blei
60:Beat poets
44:Amy Lowell
40:Ezra Pound
606:, titled
555:in 1982.
541:Kevalveej
397:In 1983,
221:See also
196:Arno Holz
184:Yvan Goll
165:See also
157:in 1923.
85:See also
56:Paul Reps
1143:Category
973:Archived
722:Archived
719:(online)
598:Armenian
520:Gujarati
482:syllable
474:Estonian
447:Estonian
98:(1905),
58:and the
52:Buddhist
681:p.249ff
592:Tunisia
580:Morocco
539:poems.
513:Looming
354:Haikais
275:Vatican
262:Italian
217:Spanish
36:imagist
24:English
1045:
1003:
824:Poesie
655:INALCO
590:, and
588:Jordan
559:Arabic
553:Aagiya
498:, and
424:teikei
308:haicai
304:haikai
298:Brazil
161:German
81:French
38:poets
897:(PDF)
874:[
576:Syria
537:Tanka
459:haiku
271:Japan
71:haiku
54:poet
48:hokku
18:haiku
1043:ISBN
1001:ISBN
981:Sirp
631:..."
584:Iraq
433:kigo
242:and
194:and
42:and
34:The
306:or
273:in
202:by
1145::
1121:.
979:.
918:.
899:.
884:^
846:^
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746:^
594:.
586:,
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578:,
476::
310:.
238:,
234:,
190:,
186:,
182:,
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139:,
108:fr
66:.
1051:.
1009:.
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903:.
840:.
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472:(
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