31:
304:
He was captured in
Erzurum on 20 December 1924 reportedly after having been accused of his involvement in the Beytüssebap revolt by Yusuf Zia Bey (another leader of the Beytüssebap revolt). Both were courtmartialed in Bitlis and Halid Beg Cibran was hanged on the 14 April 1925.
293:. According to Kurds reporting to the British intelligence, he established Azadi in Erzurum, the city where he formerly was a military commander, in 1921 of which he became its president. The Azadi was a Kurdish society which later would become a leading force in the
640:
233:, he was deployed in the eastern front, and fought against the Armenians and Russians. It is reported that, concerned about the possible betrayal of the Alevi Kurds, he sent a message to General
635:
229:
under the command of Halid Beg Cibran in 1906. The Alevi tribes wouldn't forget such treatment by the Sunni, and wouldn't join the Sheikh Said
Rebellion in 1925. During
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665:
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in 1920, he garnered support for the
Kurdish aims for self rule. He visited various towns in the region, such as
206:
114:
242:
261:
and support the
Kurdish cause, encouraging the Kurds to speak their language. Following the signing of the
468:
294:
552:"Young Turk social engineering : mass violence and the nation state in eastern Turkey, 1913- 1950"
326:"Young Turk social engineering : mass violence and the nation state in eastern Turkey, 1913- 1950"
234:
625:
620:
286:
363:
Nationalismus in
Kurdistan: Vorgeschichte, Entstehungsbedingungen und erste Manifestationen bis 1925
262:
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regiment and was in charge of leading the 1894 attack on Zeynel Talu
Hermekli, the son of the
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30:
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100:
52:
48:
604:
551:
325:
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The
Emergence of Kurdish Nationalism and the Sheikh Said Rebellion, 1880–1925
193:
government. In exchange the
Cibrans were allowed to set up regiments for the
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245:(Atatürk) and took a stand against the Ottoman government in İstanbul.
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104:
71:
270:
182:
179:
165:
145:
90:
44:
237:, urging him to refuse their support in the battles. During the
365:(in German). Hamburg: Deutsches Orient-Institut. p. 264.
641:
Turkish military personnel of the
Turkish War of Independence
584:(in French). Graduate Institute Publications. p. 86.
189:
speaking
Kurdish tribe and used to work closely with the
205:. Afterwards he has followed up on his studies at the
225:
Ibrahim Talu, who was killed by troops of the second
527:
A People Without a Country: The Kurds and Kurdistan
120:
110:
96:
86:
78:
64:
37:
21:
172:in 1882. His father Mahmud Bey was the chieftain (
285:and spoke to the Kurdish notables. But after the
8:
413:The Political Economy of the Kurds of Turkey
217:In 1892, he became the leader of the second
185:Cibran tribe. The Cibran was an influential
415:. Cambridge University Press. p. 100.
257:region, made first attempts to counter the
582:La formation de la nation kurde en Turquie
29:
18:
636:Ottoman military personnel of World War I
390:. University of Texas Press. p. 26.
313:
651:Kurdish people from the Ottoman Empire
319:
317:
7:
666:People executed by Turkey by hanging
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354:
352:
350:
141:
253:After the war, he returned to the
14:
631:Kurdish independence activists
435:Olson, Robert (1989), pp.26–27
1:
529:. Zed Books. pp. 52–53.
197:. Halid Beg has attended the
463:Özgürel, Avni (2015-12-14).
411:Yadirgi, Veli (2017-08-03).
144:; 1882-14 April 1925) was a
661:20th-century Kurdish people
656:19th-century Kurdish people
239:Turkish War of Independence
687:
646:People from Bitlis vilayet
515:Olson, Robert (1989), p.92
506:Olson, Robert (1989), p.41
497:Olson, Robert (1989), p.96
488:Olson, Robert (1989), p.42
453:Olson, Robert (1989), p.28
444:Olson, Robert (1989), p.27
525:Chaliand, Gérard (1993).
361:Behrendt, Günter (1993).
289:, he began to oppose the
28:
207:Ottoman Military College
160:Early life and education
115:Ottoman Military College
671:Executed Kurdish people
616:Kurdish revolutionaries
559:University of Amsterdam
333:University of Amsterdam
299:uprising at Beytüşşebap
611:Ottoman Army personnel
580:Yilmaz, Özcan (2015).
386:Olson, Robert (1989).
199:Aşiret (tribal) school
295:Sheikh Said Rebellion
152:and chairman of the
259:Turkish nationalism
79:Cause of death
249:Kurdish rebellions
16:Kurdish politician
591:978-2-940503-17-9
561:. p. 234–235
536:978-1-85649-194-5
422:978-1-107-18123-6
227:Hamidiye regiment
142:Xalîd Beg Cibranî
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287:Koçgiri uprising
263:Treaty of Sèvres
241:, he sided with
195:Hamidiye cavalry
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134:Halid Beg Cibran
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23:Halid Beg Cibran
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213:Military career
164:He was born in
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148:soldier in the
111:Alma mater
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42:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
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170:Bitlis vilayet
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156:organization.
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53:Ottoman Empire
49:Bitlis vilayet
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15:
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3:
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550:Üngör, Umut.
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471:on 2015-12-14
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372:3-89173-029-2
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335:. p. 231
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324:Üngör, Umut.
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297:. He led the
296:
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243:Mustafa Kemal
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68:14 April 1925
67:
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32:
27:
20:
581:
575:
563:. Retrieved
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502:
493:
484:
473:. Retrieved
469:the original
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412:
406:
387:
381:
362:
337:. Retrieved
332:
303:
252:
216:
173:
163:
150:Ottoman Army
133:
131:
121:Organization
57:Muş Province
626:1925 deaths
621:1882 births
235:Kazim Pasha
231:World War I
97:Citizenship
87:Nationality
605:Categories
565:15 October
475:2020-07-09
397:0292776195
309:References
301:in 1924.
465:"Radikal"
291:Kemalists
283:Malazgirt
178:) of the
59:, Turkey)
219:Hamidiye
203:Istanbul
187:Kurmanji
132:Miralay
82:Executed
55:(now in
339:9 April
279:Bulanık
191:Ottoman
183:Kurdish
168:in the
146:Kurdish
138:Kurdish
105:Turkish
103:, then
101:Ottoman
91:Kurdish
588:
533:
419:
394:
369:
275:Bingöl
255:Dersim
72:Bitlis
555:(PDF)
329:(PDF)
271:Varto
267:Hınıs
223:Alevi
180:Sunni
166:Varto
154:Azadî
125:Azadî
45:Varto
586:ISBN
567:2020
531:ISBN
417:ISBN
392:ISBN
367:ISBN
341:2020
65:Died
41:1882
38:Born
281:or
201:in
175:ağa
607::
557:.
349:^
331:.
316:^
277:,
273:,
269:,
209:.
140::
51:,
47:,
594:.
569:.
539:.
478:.
425:.
400:.
375:.
343:.
136:(
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